01b.http and Wap
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Transcript of 01b.http and Wap
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pro t oc o ls fo r t he w eb and
t he m obi le Int e rnet
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agenda
HTTPHistory
Evolution
W@P
History
ArchitectureWAP in the real world
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h t t p h i st o ry
1992 : HTTP/0.91996 : HTTP/1.0 informational RFC 1945
2001 : HTTP/1.1 formal standard
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ht t p overview
request-response type of protocolstateless protocol
independent of data representation
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h t t p evolut ion
HTTP/0.9only GET method defined for request messages
in the reply only HTML content is transmitted
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h t t p evolut ion
HTTP/1.0 (1/2)HTTP Request/Response
new message format introduced: structured multiline
message including headers appending the HTTP version in the request message
MIME type included
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h t t p evolut ion
HTTP/1.0 (2/2)new methods defined: HEAD, POST, PUT,
DELETE, LINK, UPLINK
basic user authentication
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h t t p evolut ion
Request = Request-Line
*(( general-header
| request-header
| entity-header ) CRLF)
CRLF
[ message-body ]Request-Line = Method SP
Request-URI SP HTTP-Version CRLF
Response = Status-Line*(( general-header
| response-header
| entity-header ) CRLF)
CRLF
[ message-body ]
Status-Line = HTTP-Version SP
Status-Code SP Reason-Phrase CRLF
HTTP/1.1 (1/2)Request/Response message formats finalized
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h t t p evolut ion
HTTP/1.1 (2/2)Persistent connection added
New request methods:PUT, OPTIONS,
TRACE & CONNECTHeaders: general-header, request-header,
response-header and entity-header used to send
information about the HTTP message host header
Range, Content Range headers
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HTTP and the Web in the future...
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w i re less appl ic a t ion p rot oc o l
Why is it need?The web gained enormous popularity
Mobile telecommunications matured
Next step: Internet anywhere anytime
The web though is designed for desktops that have access
to high bandwidth and reliable network connections
WAP will provide for optimization for the wireless
environment and will address its limitations
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w ap h is to ry
1997: WAP Forum established(Nokia, Ericsson and Motorola, Phone.com )
1998: WAP 1.0
2002: WAP 2.0
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w ap 1 .0
ObjectivesTo bring Internet content to the wireless terminals
To create a protocol specification that will work across
different wireless network technologiesTo enable the creation of content that scales across many
wireless bearer networks and wireless device types
To extend existing standards wherever appropriate
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w ap 1 .0 a rc h i t ec t u re
WAP 1.0 Programming model
fig.WAP 1.0 Programming Model [2]
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w ap 1 .0 a rc h i t ec t u re
WAP 1.0 Protocol Stack
fig. WAP 1.0 Components [2]
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w ap in t he rea l w orld
Massive publicity started well beforeWAP was available. Marketed as the next
Internet revolution
First WAP services launched in 1999(Sonera the first operator to provide wap services)
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w ap in t he rea l w orld
Usability issuesUsability studies
Difficult to configure. over-the-air configuration
available
Transactions(browsing) are really slow
Service is expensive
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w ap in t he rea l w orld
Broken promisses or wrongexpectations
The killer application never materialize
Not so many WAP resources available
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w ap 2 .0
ObjectivesAdd support for the standard Internet protocols
Continues to work on the goals set by WAP 1.0
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w ap 2 .0 a rc h i t ec t u re
WAP 2.0 Programming model
WAP 2.0 Programing Model [3]
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w ap 2 .0 a rc h i t ec t u re
WAP 2.0 Legacy Protocol Layers
WAP 2.0 Components [3]
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w ap 2 .0 a rc h i t ec t u re
WAP 2.0 Protocol layers for IP support
WAP 2.0 with support for standard Internet protocols [3]
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w ap 2 .0 a rc h i t ec t u re
WAP 2.0 ComponentsWireless Profiled HTTP
Transport Layer Security
Wireless Profiled TCP
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t he c om pet i t or
i-modeA proprietary service (owned by NTT DoCoMo)
Can practically read any Web page
i-mode uses compact HTML (cHTML) which ispractically subset of HTML with some I-mode
specific tags
Packets-witchedCharging based on transfer not air time.WAP initially
used circuit switching
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i -mode
If i-mode was a superior specification or technology, then other
companies would have adopted it by now. But 500-and-some companieshave gotten behind the WAP standard rather than the I-mode standard.
That's got to tell you something. ,
article 2000 WAP or I-Mode: Which Is Better?, www.wired.com
the service is expanding globally since
2002
Available in Germany, Taiwan, The Netherlands,Belgium, France, Italy, Greece, Australia, Israel,
Russia , United Kingdom and Ireland
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The future of wap...
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re ferences
Hypertext Transfer Protocol HTTP/1.1 , Standard Track
Wireless Application protocol White Paper
At http://www.wapforum.org/what/WAP_whitepages.pdf
Wireless Application Protocol WAP2.0 Technical White Paper
At http://www.wapforum.org/what/WAPWhite_Paper1.pdfWAP Field Study Findings
At http://www.useit.com/alertbox/20001210.html
WAP: Broken Promises or Wrong Expectation? , The Internet Protocol
Journal, Volume 6, Number 2, June 2003. Available at www.cisco.com
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re ferences
The unofficial independent imode FAQ
At http://www.eurotechnology.com/imode/faq.html
I-mode , Atwww.nttdocomo.com
Content Networking in the Mobile Internet, Sudhir Dixit and Tao Wu,
ISBN: 0-471-46618-2