원격 지질학 발표수업 - vegetation
description
Transcript of 원격 지질학 발표수업 - vegetation
원격 지질학 발표수업 - vegetation
강예랑 김은진 박수진신선용 이보미 지성인
Dominant Factor Controlling Leaf
Reflectance
2.70Water absorption bands:
0.97 mm1.19 mm1.45 mm
1.94 mm-mm
Cross-section Through A Hypothetical and Real
Leaf Revealing the Major Structural Components
that Determine the Spectral Reflectance
of Vegetation
Absorption Spectra of Chlorophyll a and b,
b-carotene, Pycoerythrin, and Phycocyanin Pigments
Chlorophyll a peak absorp-tion is at 0.43 and 0.66
mm.
Chlorophyll b peak absorp-tion is at 0.45 and 0.65
mm.
Optimum chlorophyll ab-sorption windows are:
0.45 - 0.52 mm and 0.63 - 0.69 mm
0.25 0.3 0.35 0.4 0.45 0.5 0.55 0.6 0.65 0.7violet blue green yellow red
Abs
orpt
ion
Effi
cien
cy
-carotene
Chlorophyll a
Chlorophyll b
0.25 0.3 0.35 0.4 0.45 0.5 0.55 0.6 0.65 0.7violet blue green yellow red
Wavelength, m
PhycoerythrinPhycocyanin
Abs
orpt
ion
Effi
cien
cy
a.
b.
Wavelength, m
Absorption Spectra of Chlorophyll a and b
. SpectralReflectance
Characteristics of
Sweetgum Leaves (Liq-
uidambar styraciflua L.)
Hemispherical Reflectance,
transmittance, and Absorp-tion Charac-
teristics of Big Bluestem
Grass
.
Distribution of Pixels in a Scene in Red and Near-infrared Multispectral Feature
Space
Predicted Percent Cloud
Cover in Four Areas
in the United States
.Phenological Cycles of San Joaquin and
Imperial Valley, California Crops and
Landsat Multi-spectral Scan-ner Images of One Field Dur-ing A Growing
Season
.Band 1 (blue; 0.45 – 0.52 m) Band 2 (green; 0.52 – 0.60 m) Band 3 (red; 0.63 – 0.69 m)
Band 4 (near-infrared; 0.76 – 0.90 m) Band 5 (mid-infrared; 1.55 – 1.75 m) Band 7 (mid-infrared; 2.08 – 2.35 m)
Band 6 (thermal infrared; 10.4 – 12.5 m)
Sugarbeets
Alfalfa
Cotton
Fallow
feed lot
fl
Ground Reference
Landsat Thematic Mapper Imagery of
Imperial Valley, California, December 10, 1982
JUN MAY APR MAR FEB JAN DEC NOV OCT SEP
Initial growth Harvest Maturity
snow cover 25 cm height
50
75
100
125
Dormant or multicropped
Soybeans
100% ground cover
JUL AUG
Development
50%
JUN MAY APR MAR FEB JAN DEC NOV OCT SEP
Dent/Harvest Tassle 8-leaf
snow cover 25 cm height
50
75
125
Dormant or multicropped
JUL AUG
Dormant or multicropped
100
150
200
250
300
10 - 12 leaf
12-14 leaf
Blister
Corn
100%
50%
a.
b.
JULJUNMAY AUGAPRMARFEBJAN DECNOVOCTSEP
SeedTillering Booting HarvestJointing
snow cover 25 cm
50
75
100
100% ground cover 50%
Head Dormant or multicropped
Winter Wheat
JUN MAY APR MAR FEB JAN DEC NOV OCT SEP
Seeding Maturity/harvest Boll
Winter Wheat Phenology
snow cover 25 cm height
50
75
100
125
150
Dormant or multicropped
Cotton
100% ground cover
JUL AUG
Fruiting
Pre-bloom
50%
JUN MAY APR MAR FEB JAN DEC NOV OCT SEP
Development Maturity/harvest Transplanting
snow cover 25 cm height
50
75
100
125
Dormant or multicropped
Tobacco 100%
JUL AUG
Topping
50%
Dormant or multicropped
a.
c.
b.
사우스 캐롤라이나 농작물의 생육주기
.
Phenological Cycle of Cattails and Waterlilies in Par Pond, S.C.
Phenological Cycle of Smooth
Cordgrass (Spartina al-terniflora) Biomass in South Car-
olina
J A S O N0
250
500
750
1000
1250
1500D
ry W
eigh
t Bio
mas
s, g/
m2
F M A M J J D
Live BiomassDead Biomass
Smooth Cordgrass (Spartina alterniflora )
In Situ Ceptometer Leaf-Area-Index Mea-
surement
.
• LAI may be computed using a Decagon Accupar Ceptome-ter™ that consists of a
linear array of 80 adjacent 1 cm2 photosynthetically
active radiation (PAR) sen-sors along a bar.
• Incident sunlight above the canopy, Qa, and the
amount of direct solar en-ergy incident to the cep-tometer, Qb, when it was laid at the bottom of the canopy directly on the mud is used to compute LAI.
NASA Calibrated Airborne Multi-spectral Scan-ner Imagery (3 x 3 m) and
Derived Biomass Map of a Por-
tion of Murrells Inlet, South
Carolina on Au-gust 2, 1997
CAMS Bands 1,2,3 (RGB) CAMS Bands 6,4,2 (RGB)
TM Bands 5,3,2 (RGB)
Biomass in a Portion of Murrells Inlet, SC Derived from 3 x 3 m
Calibrated Airborne Multispectral Scanner (CAMS) Data Obtained on
August 2, 1997
Total Biomass (grams/m 2)
500 - 749
750 - 999
1000 - 1499
1500 - 1999
2000 - 2499
2500 - 2999
. ..
Infrared/Red Ratio Vegetation Index
Normalized Difference Vegetation Index
redNIRSR
redNIRredNIRNDVI
The generic normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI):
has provided a method of estimat-ing net primary production over varying biome types (e.g. Lenney et al., 1996), identifying ecore-gions (Ramsey et al., 1995), mon-itoring phenological patterns of the earth’s vegetative surface, and of assessing the length of the growing season and dry-down periods (Huete and Liu, 1994).
The near-infrared (NIR) to red simple ratio (SR) is the first
true vegetation index:It takes advantage of the in-verse relationship between
chlorophyll absorption of red radiant energy and increased reflectance of near-infrared energy for healthy plant canopies (Cohen, 1991) .
Time Series of 1984
and 1988 NDVI Mea-
surements
Derived from
AVHRR Global
Area Coverage
(GAC)
Data for the Region
around El Obeid,
Sudan,
in Sub-Saharan
Africa
.
Landscape Ecology Metrics
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