트리즈 교육 Triz education

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창창창창창 창창 창창창 창창 TRIZ education for creativi ty 창창창창창 창창창 Consilience Artist Michael Chung 6 Sigma MBB, TRIZ level 4 Seoul , Korea

description

통섭예술인 정수연의 트리즈 교육 파일입니다.

Transcript of 트리즈 교육 Triz education

Page 1: 트리즈 교육 Triz education

창조경영을 위한 트리즈 교육TRIZ education for creativity

통섭예술인 정수연Consilience Artist Michael Chung

6 Sigma MBB, TRIZ level 4Seoul , Korea

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Stay hungry, stay foolish!

• I can just do it now!• I will let you do it!• Somebody someplace has already solved

my problem (or one very similar to it.)Creativity is now finding that solution and adapting it to this particular problem.

• Your happiness is my happiness, so I stay hungry and foolish!

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"General TRIZ Solutions"

• The Ideal Final Result and Ideality• Functional Modeling, Analysis and Trimmin

g • Locating the Zones of Conflict(More familia

r to 6 Sigma problem solvers as "Root Cause Analysis.")

TRIZjournal

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"General TRIZ Solutions" 

• The 40 Inventive Principles of Problem Solving

• The Separation Principles• Laws of Technical Evolution and

Technology Forecasting • 76 Standard Solutions.

TRIZjournal

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Principle 1. Segmentation

1. Divide an object into independent parts.

2. Make an object easy to assemble or disassemble.

3. Increase the degree of fragmentation or segmentation.

The 40 Inventive Principles

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Principle 2. Taking out

1.Separate an interfering part or property from an object,

2.Extract (single out) the only necessary part (or property) of an object

The 40 Inventive Principles

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Principle 3. Local quality

1. Change an object's structure from uniform to non-uniform,

2. Change an action or an external environment (or external influence) from uniform to non-uniform

3. Make each part of an object function in conditions most suitable for its operation.

4. Make each part of an object fulfill a different and/or complementary useful function.

The 40 Inventive Principles

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Principle 4. Asymmetry

1. Change the shape or properties of an object from symmetrical to asymmetrical

2. Change the shape of an object from symmetrical to suit external asymmetries (e.g. ergonomic features)

3. If an object is asymmetrical, change its degree of asymmetry.

The 40 Inventive Principles

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Principle 5. Consolidation

1. Bring closer together (or merge) identical or similar objects, assemble identical or similar parts to perform parallel operations.

2. Make operations contiguous or parallel; bring them together in time.

The 40 Inventive Principles

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Principle 6. Universality

1. Make an object or structure perform multiple functions; eliminate the need for other parts.

The 40 Inventive Principles

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Principle 7. Nesting

1. Place one object inside another.2. Place multiple objects inside others.3. Make one part pass through a cavity

in the other.

The 40 Inventive Principles

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Principle 8. Anti-Weight

1. To compensate for the weight (downward tendency) of an object, merge it with other objects that provide lift.

2. To compensate for the weight of an object, make it interact with the environment (use aerodynamic,

hydrodynamic, buoyancy and other forces)

The 40 Inventive Principles

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Principle 9. Prior Counteraction

1. If it will be necessary to do an action with both harmful and useful effects, this action should be replaced with anti-actions to control harmful effects.

2. Create beforehand stresses in an object that will oppose known undesirable working stresses later on.

The 40 Inventive Principles

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Principle 10. Prior Action

1. Perform, before it is needed, the required change of an object (either fully or partially).

2. Pre-arrange objects such that they can come into action from the most convenient place and without losing time for their delivery.

The 40 Inventive Principles

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Principle 11. Cushion in advance

1. Prepare emergency means beforehand to compensate for the relatively low reliability of an object(‘belt and braces’).

The 40 Inventive Principles

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Principle 12. Equipotentiality

1. In a potential field, limit position changes (e.g. change operating conditions to eliminate the need to raise or lower objects in a gravity field).

If an object has to be raised or lowered, redesign the object’s environment

so the need to raise or lower is eliminated or performed by the environment.

The 40 Inventive Principles

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Principle 13. The Other Way Round

1. Invert the action(s) used to solve the problem (e.g. instead of cooling an object, heat it).

2. Make movable parts (or the external environment) fixed, and fixed parts movable).

3. Turn the object (or process) 'upside down'.

The 40 Inventive Principles

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Principle 14. Spheroidality - Curvature

1. Instead of using rectilinear parts, surfaces, or forms, use curvilinear ones; move from flat surfaces to spherical ones; from parts shaped as a cube (parallelepiped) to ball-shaped structures.

2. Use rollers, balls, spirals, domes.3. Go from linear to rotary motion(or vice

versa).4. Use centrifugal forces

The 40 Inventive Principles

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Principle 15. Dynamics

1. Allow (or design) the characteristics of an object, external environment, or process to change to be optimal or to find an optimal operating condition.

2. Divide an object into parts capable of movement relative to each other.

3. If an object (or process) is rigid or inflexible, make it movable or adaptive.

4. Increase the degree of free motion

The 40 Inventive Principles

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Principle 16. Partial or Excessive Actions

1. If 100 percent of an objective is hard to achieve using a given solution method then, by using 'slightly less' or 'slightly more' of the same method, the problem may be considerably easier to solve.

The 40 Inventive Principles

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Principle 17. Moving to a new dimension

1. To move an object in two- or three-dimensional space.

2. Use a multi-story arrangement of objects instead of a single-story arrangement.

3. Tilt or re-orient the object, lay it on its side.

4. Use 'another side' of a given area.

The 40 Inventive Principles

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Principle 18. Mechanical vibration

1. Cause an object to oscillate or vibrate.2. Increase its frequency (even up to the

ultrasonic).3. Use an object's resonant frequency.4. Use piezoelectric vibrators instead of

mechanical ones, 5. Use combined ultrasonic and

electromagnetic field oscillations. (Use external elements to create oscillation/vibration)

The 40 Inventive Principles

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Principle 19. Periodic Action

1. Instead of continuous action, use periodic or pulsating actions.

2. If an action is already periodic, change the periodic magnitude or frequency.

3. Use pauses between impulses to perform a different action.

The 40 Inventive Principles

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Principle 20. Continuity of Useful Action

1. Carry on work continuously; make all parts of an object work at full load, all the time.

2. Eliminate all idle or intermittent actions or work.

The 40 Inventive Principles

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Principle 21. Rushing through

1. Conduct a process , or certain stages (e.g. destructive, harmful or hazardous operations) at high speed.

The 40 Inventive Principles

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Principle 22. Convert harmful into useful

1. Use harmful factors (particularly, harmful effects of the environment or surroundings) to achieve a positive effect.

2. Eliminate the primary harmful action by adding it to another harmful action to resolve the problem.

3. Amplify a harmful factor to such a degree that it is no longer harmful.

The 40 Inventive Principles

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Principle 23. Feedback

1. Introduce feedback (referring back, cross-checking) to improve a process or action.

2. If feedback is already used, change its magnitude or influence.

The 40 Inventive Principles

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Principle 24. Intermediary

1. Use an intermediary carrier article or intermediary process.

2. Merge one object temporarily with another (which can be easily removed).

The 40 Inventive Principles

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Principle 25. Self-service

1. Make an object serve itself by performing auxiliary helpful functions

2. Use waste (or lost) resources, energy, or substances.

The 40 Inventive Principles

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Principle 26. Copying

1. Instead of an unavailable, expensive, fragile object, use simpler and inexpensive copies.

2. Replace an object, or process with optical copies.

3. If optical copies are used, move to IR or UV (Use an appropriate out of the ordinary illumination and viewing situation).

The 40 Inventive Principles

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Principle 27. Cheap Short-Living Objects

1. Replace an expensive object with a multiple of inexpensive objects, compromising certain qualities (such as service life, for instance).

The 40 Inventive Principles

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Principle 28 Replace mechanical system

1. Replace a mechanical means with a sensory (optical, acoustic, taste or smell) means.

2. Use electric, magnetic and electromagnetic fields to interact with the object.

3. Change from static to movable fields, from unstructured fields to those having structure.

4. Use fields in conjunction with field-activated (e.g. ferromagnetic) particles.

The 40 Inventive Principles

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Principle 29. Pneumatics and Hydraulics

1. Use gas and liquid parts of an object instead of solid parts (e.g. inflatable, filled with liquids, air cushion, hydrostatic, hydro-reactive).

The 40 Inventive Principles

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Principle 30. Flexible Shells and Thin Films

1. Use flexible shells and thin films instead of three-dimensional structures

2. Isolate the object from the external environment using flexible shells and thin films.

The 40 Inventive Principles

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Principle 31. Porous Materials

1. Make an object porous or add porous elements (inserts, coatings, etc.).

2. If an object is already porous, use the pores to introduce a useful substance or function.

The 40 Inventive Principles

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Principle 32. Color Changes

1. Change the color of an object or its external environment.

2. Change the transparency of an object or its external environment.

3. In order to improve observability of things that are difficult to see, use coloured additives or luminescent elements.

4. Change the emissivity properties of an object subject to radiant heating.

The 40 Inventive Principles

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Principle 33. Homogeneity

1. Make objects interact with a given object of the same material (or material with identical properties).

The 40 Inventive Principles

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Principle 34. Discarding and Recovering

1. Make portions of an object that have fulfilled their functions go away (discard by dissolving, evaporating, etc.) or modify them directly during operation.

2. Conversely, restore consumable parts of an object directly in operation.

The 40 Inventive Principles

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Principle 35. Parameter Changes

1. Change an object's physical state (e.g. to a gas, liquid, or solid).

2. Change the concentration or density.

3. Change the degree of flexibility.4. Change the temperature or volume.5. Change the pressure.6. Change other parameters.

The 40 Inventive Principles

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Principle 36. Phase Transitions

1. Use phenomena occurring during phase transitions. (Awareness of macro-scale business phenomena)

The 40 Inventive Principles

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Principle 37. Thermal Expansion

1. Use thermal expansion (or contraction) of materials.

2. Use multiple materials with different coefficients of thermal expansion.

The 40 Inventive Principles

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Principle 38. Strong Oxidants 

1. Replace common air with oxygen-enriched air (enriched atmosphere)

2. Replace enriched air with pure oxygen (highly enriched atmosphere).

3. Expose air or oxygen to ionizing radiation.4. Use ionized oxygen.5. Replace ozonized (or ionized) oxygen with ozone

(atmosphere enriched by unstable elements).

The 40 Inventive Principles

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Principle 39. Inert Atmosphere

1. Replace a normal environment with an inert one.

2. Add neutral parts, or inert additives to an object.

The 40 Inventive Principles

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Principle 40. Composite Structures

1. Change from uniform to composite (multiple) structures. (Awareness and utilisation of combinations of different skills and capabilities. 통섭과 융합 )

The 40 Inventive Principles

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ASIT

Step 1: From ‘Ideal Final Result’ to the ‘Closed World’ condition Step 2: From ‘Resolving Contradictions’ to ‘achieving Qualitative Change’ Step 3: From the 40 principles to ASIT’s 5 idea-provoking tools Step 4: Eliminating other TRIZ elements

ASIT

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5 idea-provoking tools • Unification: Solve a problem by assigning a new

use to an existing component (the pipe and metal balls problem is solved by Unification - the balls are put to a news use, i.e. protecting the pipe).

• Multiplication: Solve a problem by introducing a slightly modified copy of an existing object into the current system.

• Division: Solve a problem by dividing an object and reorganizing it parts.

• Breaking Symmetry: Solve a problem by turning a symmetrical situation into an asymmetrical one.

• Object Removal: Solve a problem by removing an object from the system and assigning its action to another existing object.

ASIT

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USIT http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unified_structured_inventive_thinking • Problem definition

– A well-defined problem is formulated in an iterative process, described in terms of objects, attributes, and a single unwanted effect. Objects are reduced to a minimum number required to contain the problem (not to "explain" the problem situation). Multiple root causes are discovered using the plausible root causes heuristic. Abstraction of the problem statement is achieved using verbal and graphic metaphors. Exercise of the "plausible root causes heuristic" carries the problem solver well into problem analysis.

• Problem analysis– Following plausible root causes analysis one of two lines of thinking is followed:

1) a “closed-world” analysis of the problem to understand intended functional connectivity of objects when no problem existed or 2) a "particles method" that begins from an ideal solution and works back to the problem situation.

• Solution techniques– Three strategies for problem solving are based on the metaphorical interaction

of objects, attributes, and effects: "utilization", "nullification", and "elimination" of the unwanted effect (see Heuristics for Solving Technical Problems — Theory, Derivation, Application).

– object – attribute» \» effect – attribute – object» /

– object – attribute

– Graphic metaphor for the interaction of objects and attributes.

USIT

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USIT 5 solution heuristicsFive solution heuristics are used to support these strategies.1) "Dimensionality" focuses on the "attributes" available and new ones

discovered during problem analysis.2) "Pluralization" focuses on "objects" being multiplied in number or div

ided into parts, used in different ways, and carried to extremes.3) "Distribution" focuses on "functions" being distributed differently am

ong objects in the problem situation.4) "Transduction" uses "attribute-function-attribute links" to reach new

solution concepts. This is modeled metaphorically after transducers, which convert information from one form to another.

5) "Uniqueness" characterizes effects of a problem according to their activity in "space" and "time". Each technique is logically tied to one or more of the underlying features in the well-defined problem: objects, attributes, and effects.

USIT

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iTRIZ

ITRIZ

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The Ideation Processfor Inventive Problem

Solving1. Use the Innovation Situation Questionnaire (ISQ) to:• Document the problem situation (including: structure and functioning of the system,

system environment; mechanism of the problem; problem history).• Apply the system approach to examine multiple approaches for attacking the problem.• Formulate an ideal vision of the solution.• Identify contradictions associated with the problem situation.• Identify the inventive resources associated with the system.• Define the constraints and limitations to system change.• Define the success criteria.2. Formulate Directions for Innovation• Use the Problem Formulator to create cause-effect models of the problem situation.• Generate a near-exhaustive set of opportunities for system change.• Screen and select appropriate directions.3. Generate ideas• For each selected direction, proceed through a guided, knowledge-based brainstorming

process using the I-TRIZ System of Operators.4. Develop concepts• Combine ideas into concepts.• Apply I-TRIZ Lines of Evolution to improve the concepts.5. Evaluate results• Evaluate the concepts against the success criteria.• Identify and address subsequent tasks (secondary problems).• Reveal and prevent potential failures that might arise during implementation.

ITRIZ

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Anticipatory Failure Determination  (AFD)

• What is Anticipatory Failure Determination  (AFD)?• Anticipatory Failure Determination is an application of I-TRIZ

specifically designed for:• Failure Analysis -- A systematic procedure for identifying the

root causes of a failure or other undesired phenomenon in a system, and for making corrections in a timely manner.

• Failure Prediction -- A systematic procedure for identifying beforehand, and then preventing, all dangerous or harmful events that might be associated with a system.

• How is does AFD differ from other failure analysis methods?

• Systems in which failures have occurred -- or might occur -- are zones of "poor information." The reason? Little information is published about negative effects with unknown causes, or about the causes of dangerous or harmful failures. In fact, such information is often intentionally concealed.

• Without adequate information, it is very difficult to identify the root causes (existing or possible) of a failure. One must rely on guesswork -- as is the case with traditional failure methods.

ITRIZ

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Anticipatory Failure Determination  (AFD)

• AFD overcomes this obstacle with a core 3-step model, providing unprecedented effectiveness:

STEP 1: INVERT THE PROBLEM• For Failure Analysis: Instead of asking "Why did the failure happen?" ask instead: "How can I mak

e it happen?"• For Failure Prediction: Instead of asking "What failures might happen?" ask instead: "How can I m

ake all possible dangerous or harmful failures happen?"• Now we can employ a wealth of available information based on what inventors have profited from s

ince the dawn of mankind: how to make something happen. In other words, we have converted a failure problem into an inventive problem.

STEP 2: IDENTIFY FAILURE HYPOTHESES. Find a method by which the known or potential failures can be intentionally produced.

STEP 3: UTILIZE RESOURCES. Determine if all the components necessary to realize each hypothesis are available in your system, or if they can be derived from what is available:

• Are the required substances and materials present?• Is the necessary energy available or producible?• Is there time in which the failure can "mechanize"?• Is the space available for the failure to take place?• . . . and more• THE RESULT: NO MORE GUESSINGhttp://www.ideationtriz.com

ITRIZ