核工业西南物理研究院 S outh W estern I nstitute of P hysics

第十三届全国核电子学与核探测技术学术年会

核工业西南物理研究院核工业西南物理研究院SSouthouthWWestern estern IInstitute of nstitute of PPhysicshysics

R&D Status of NFM and Neutron Source in China

YANG Jin-wei YANG Qingwei SONG Xian-ying


Outline of talk• Introduction of International Thermal-nuclear

Experiment Reactor (ITER) • Development status of nuclear fusion in China• Development status of NFM• MCNP calculations• Detail design for NFM• Calibration neutron source• Primary neutron detectors for comparision calibration• Micro-fission chamber development for Neutronics an

d trillium production-test blanket module • Plan and summary


ITERConstruction 5 billion $; Operation 5 billion $


ITER Parameters

Plasma Major Radius 6.2m

Plasma Minor Radius 2.0m

Plasma Volume 840m3

Plasma Current 15.0MA

Toroidal Field on Axis 5.3T

Fusion Power 500MW

Burn Flat Top >400s

Power Amplification >10


Plant Description: Tokamak Systems Design &

Assessment 1. Magnets 2. Vacuum Vessel 3. Blanket 4. Divertor 5. Additional Heating and Current Drive 6. Plasma Diagnostic System 7. Vacuum Pumping & Fuelling 8. Cryostat, Vacuum Vessel Suppression System, and Thermal Shields 9. Remote Handling 10. Assembly Equipment and Procedures 11. ITER Decommissioning Procedures 12. Mechanical Loads and Machine Supports Configuration 13. Materials Assessment 14. Nuclear Assessment

15. Tokamak Seismic Analysis


Plant Description: Plant Systems Design & Assessment

1.Tritium Plant & Detritiation

2.Cooling Water

3.Cryoplant and Cryodistribution

4.Pulsed and Steady State Power Supplies

5.Miscellaneous Plant Systems

6.Site Layout and Buildings

7.Plant Control

Plasma Performance

Safety

Plans

Resources


Time –line for pre-construction


Time-line for construction phase


Time-line for operation phase


Decommission phase(1)1. De-activation

a. Removal of mobilizable tritium and dust from the machine using available techniques & equipment. Removal and deactivation of coolants.

b. Classification and packaging of active, contaminated and toxic material.

c. Removal of all the in-vessel components.OPTION 1: removal of ex-vessel components (if not done in phase 2). Duration: 5 years.


Decommission phase(2)

THE ITER FACILITY IS HANDED OVER TO AN ORGANIZATION AT THE HOST COUNTRY

RESPONSIBLE FOR THE COMPLETION OF DECOMMISSIONING

Radioactivity decay period

a.The vacuum vessel radioactivity is left to decay to a level which allows extraction of vessel sectors into the tokamak building (during phase 2) for size reduction & disposal.

b.No site activities are required except security and monitorin

Duration :A few decade years


Decommission phase(3)

Final Dismantling & Disposal

a. removal of vacuum vessel sectors and their size reduction by remote/semi-remote operationsOPTION 2: removal of ex-vessel components (if not done in phase 1)

b. classification & packaging of active, contaminated and toxic material .

Duration: 6 years


Beyond ITER(1)- IFMIF (International Fusion Materials Irradiation Facility) 7Li(d,n)

40MeV/250mA


Beyond ITER(2)


Vacuum Vessel and Diagnostic Ports


Map-ITER- Partners( http:/WWW.iter.org)


HL-2A-SWIP(Chengdu)


EAST-Hefei


Development of Prototype of NFM for ITER

• Photograph of fission chamber assembly

• Electronics

• Voltage plateau-characteristic curve

• Counting plateau curve

• Results of measurement on HL-2A Results of measurement on HL-2A tokamak using prototype NFMtokamak using prototype NFM


Photograph of fission chamber assembly with polyethylene moderator


Fission chamber and pre-amplifier


Electronics


Pulse signal of neutron


Voltage plateau-characteristic curve of

fission chamber detector


Counting plateau curve


Results of measurement on HL-2A Results of measurement on HL-2A tokamak using prototype NFMtokamak using prototype NFM


Results of measurement on Results of measurement on HL-1M tokamak using BF3 HL-1M tokamak using BF3


Conclusion and discussion• pulse width is 1µs, the plateau length

from 300—800V, the plateau width is 500V,and the slope of plateau is 0.9%, sensitivity:1±0.15cps/nν,insulation resistance≥1×109 ohm.

• Anti γ-ray radiation 2.8×10-2Gy/s• This assembly has being used for photo-

neutron measurement in the HL-2A tokamak


MCNP calculations•MCNP calculations for NFM

•Profile of DD neutron flux

•DD neutron spectrum

• Profile of DT neutron flux

•DT neutron spectrum

•Profile of fusion power density

•Deposition of fusion energy


Profile of DD and DT neutron flux


DD neutron spectrum


Profile of DT neutron flux


DT neutron spectrum


Fusion power density


Fusion energy deposition


Detail design of NFM• Counting rates and dynamic ranges of fission c

hambers 235U and 238U.

• Structures of high (a) and low (b) sensitivity fission chamber detectors.

• Six fission chambers and their three combinations.

• Structures and assemblies of three type NFMs.


Schematic drawing of three equatorial diagnostic ports positions in toroidal and poloidal direction.


Equatorial Ports


Ranges of output power, neutron yield, neutron flux behind F.W., counting rates and dynamic ranges of fission chambers

235U and 238U.


Structures of high (a) and low (b) sensitivity fission chamber detectors.


Detection efficiencies and covering neutron flux range of six fission chambers and their three

combinations

第十三届全国核电子学与核探测技术学术年会 Structures and assemblies of three type NFMs


Eq#01


Eq#7


Eq#8


Eq17


Portable neutron tube


Preliminary design for diagnostic of neutron flux and spectrum in NT-TBM

• Diagnostic system

• Coolant loop of helium

• Micro-fission chamber assembly

• Schematic drawing of MFC Assembly

• Structure of NT-TBM(CN HCSB)


Neutron fluxes and spectra measurement system and cooling loop for NT-TBM.


Preliminary design for diagnostic of neutron flux in NT-TBM(CN HCSB)


Micro-fission chamber assembly (1)


Three types MFC


Micro-fission chamber assembly (2)


Schematic drawing of MFC Assembly


Plan• Development of low detection efficiency an

d wide dynamic range 235U FC operated in Campbelling or current mode.

• Development of 238U FC.

• Development of electronics(low noise).

• Development of compact ~1011 n/s DT neutron source for NFM calibration.


谢谢谢谢 ThThank youank you

核工业西南物理研究院 S outh W estern I nstitute of P hysics

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