422225

921

22292222

922Rattus rattus87

Rattus norvegicus82musculusMus95

8Entamoeba histolytica Entamoeba

coliEmeria spp.Tritrichomonas muris

Chilomastix spp. Giardia muris , Leishmania spp.

Hymenolepis nana diminutaH.

Cysticercus fasciolarisTrichoris muris

Gongylonema neoplasticum , Protospirura muris ,

Xenopsylla cheopis Ornithonyssus bacoti

47,1777,27

55,2451,22

21,51159,2453,,99

77,2774,52

72,4525,42

38,95,51,7120

21,519214,92

E.histolytica E.coli

Giardia H. nanaH.diminuta C. fasciolaris

X. Cheopis.Or.bacoti Leishmania spp.

Spinder,1930

1985)

Hadithi et al . ,(Al-

1940Senekji Senekji et al. (1940)

2.1 Hymenolepis

nana9222

Trypanosoma lewisi

E.histolytica Entaemoeba coliTrichuris

muris Giardia muris Hymenolepis

nana H.diminutaVianella chinensis

Cysticercus fasciolaris

(2001,

Gongylonema neoplastica

Raillitina celebensisH.nanaH.diminuta

Kassai,1972

Jawdat&Mahmoud,1980;Mahmmoud,1974

al.,1985; ; Al-Hadithi et9111;

91112001

422225

922

Tricuris muris

Syphacia muris Protospirura muris

Cysticercus fasciolaris

(2002)

Chilomastix

bettencourti Tritrichomonas muris

E.histolytica Giardia muris T.lewisi

22292222

13278

72

,1987

AFA

carmine

stainsemichon,s

Geimsa stain

1975,

100x

(1975,

15

73

2

1

protozoa

1Entamoeba histolytica

84,908,2

2Entamoeba coli

64,10

3Emeria spp.

3,787,69

12,32

4Tritrichomonas

muris

6,8112,82

23,28

5Giardia muris

%2,271,28

%6,8 4

6Chilomastix spp.

%1,51

7Leishmania spp.

Amastigote

1,28

.

92

Cestoda

- 1Hymenolepis nana

422225

929

%23,4827,30%

13

2 diminuta

Hymenolepis

33,30

28,20

12,3213

5

-3Cysticercus fasciolaris

2,26

6,41

4B,A

Nematoda

1Trichoris muris

0,75

3,842-1

2Gongylonema neoplasticum

5,02

3,80

5-2

-3Protospirura muris

5,30

3,841,36

2-1

Ectoparasites

-1Xenopsylla cheopis

10277,27

4253,8418

24,65

- 2Orinthonyssus bacoti

52%40.26

2228,20

2

30,3159,09

%9,09 2877,

98,48

23,07

34,61

%11,53 %53,84

69,23

54,79

%37,17%1,28

24,65

95,89

47,92

52,30

53,70%46,29

%58,2041,14

%46,80%43,262

3

51.42

,%25.98, %25.38

14.81,%9.23,%2.85

.

%20,%18.51,%15.38

%21.53

12.85 , %14.10

4

422225

922

9

132

E.histolytica

E.coli

Emeria spp

Tritrichomonas muris

Giardia muris

Chilomastix spp.

Hymenolepis nana

Hymenolepis diminuta

Cysticercus fasciolaris

Trichoris muris

Gongylonema neoplasticum

Protospirura muris

Xenopsylla cheopis

Orinthonussus bacoti

(5.30)7

(3.78)5

(3.03)4

(4.54)6

(2.27)3

(0.75)1

(15.15)20

(11.36)15

(0.75)1

(0.75)1

(1.51)2

(23.78)5

(60.60)80

(23.31)28

(4.54)6

(2.27)3

(0.75)1

(2.27)3

(--)-

(0.75)1

(8.33)11

(21.96)29

(1.5)2

(--)-

(1.51)2

(1.51)2

(16.66)22

(17.71)22

13

8

5

9

3

2

31

44

3

1

4

7

102

50

9.84

6.06

3.78

6.81

2.27

1.51

23.48

33.00

2.26

0.75

3.02

5.30

77.27

40.26

87

Emeria spp

Tritrichomonas muris

Leishmania spp.

Giardia muris

Hmyenolepis diminuta

Cysticercus fasciolaris

Trichoris muris

Gongylonema neoplasticum

Protospirura muris

Xenopsylla cheopis

Orinthonussus bacoti

(5.13 ) 4

(3.84) 3

(1.28) 1

(1.28) 1

(23.07) 1

(1.28)1

(- -) -

(2.56) 2

(3.84) 3

(23.07) 18

(12.82) 10

(2.56)2

(8.97) 7

(- - ) -

(- - ) -

(5.13) 4

(5.13) 4

(3.84) 3

(1.28) 1

(- - ) -

(30.67) 24

(15.38 ) 2

6

10

1

1

22

5

3

3

3

42

22

7.69

12.82

1.28

1.28

28.20

6.41

3.84

3.84

3.84

53.84

28.20

73

E.histolytica

E.coli

Emeria spp.

Tritrichomonas muris

Giardia muris

Hymenolepis nana

Hymenolepis diminuta

Protospirura muris

Xenopsylla cheopis

(5.47) 4

(4.10) 3

(5.47) 4

(12.32) 9

(5.47) 4

(16.43) 12

(8.21) 6

(1.36) 1

(12.32) 9

(2.73) 2

(- -) -

(6.84 ) 5

(10.95) 8

(1.36 ) 1

(10.95) 8

(4.10 ) 3

(- - ) -

(12.32) 9

8.20

4.10

12.32

23.28

6.84

27.30

12.32

1.36

24.65

422225

922

2

132 922 922

30.31)40

59.09)78

9.09)12

77,27)102

98.48)130

62(47.92)

6852.30

78 54 42

23.07) 18

34.61) 27

11.53) 9

53.84) 42

69.23) 54

( 53.70) 29

( 46.29) 25

73 82 97

54.79) 40

37.17) 29

1.28) 1

24.65 )18

95.89) 70

58.20) 41

41.14) 29

283

254

922

34.75) 98

47.51) 134

7.80) 22

46,31) 132

90.07) 254

46.80) 132

43.26) 122

422225

924

3

10 - 0

20 -11

21

2.85) 2

51.42) 36

45.71) 32

95.89) 70

50

100 - 50

200 - 101

300 - 201

300

9.23) 12

19.23) 25

24.61) 32

25.38) 33

21.53) 28

98.48) 130

50

100 - 50

200 -101

300 -201

300

14.81) 8

18.51) 10

22.22) 12

25.92) 14

18.51) 10

69.23) 54

4

132

) 43.07

20 15.38

1 0.76

86.14

1511.69

3 0.30

2015.38

1511.69

27.69

6.14) 8

21.53 )28

4.61) 6

78

23.70

5496.

1(1.85

7.40 ) 4

4925.

3 5.55

1018.51

8)188.

3.70 ) 2

3.70) 2

14.10) 11

5.55) 3

73

68.57

57.14

11.42)

(14.28)10

(10)7

20)14

1.42) 8

14.28) 10

12.85) 9

diminuta Hymenolepis

33.21

28.20

%12.32

H.nana23.48

422225

925

27.30

Entamoeba histolytica

9.848.20

Tritrichomonas muris

23.28

77,27 53.84

H. diminuta.

100 0.36

Tenora&Mural,1972;hamajima,1962

9.25024

Kulasiri,1954

1999

H. diminuta H .nana.

83

%1221985Al-

Hadithi,et al. 20

10

Cysticercus fasciolaris52

R.celebensis

%4 %16

Protospirura sp. G.neoplastica

2001

62.1

77,27

,1999

Mahmoud,1974;Fahmy et al.,1971

77,27 -%24.6

1

1975

P.papatasi

,

2004

Mahmoud(19742001 ),

Al-Hadithi et al., 1985

1999) ( 1999) ,

1954

Kulasiri (1979)Kamiya et

al.

H.nana

422225

925

9Amastigote

R.norvegicus

9222

2Amastigote

R.norvegicus

0922

2

9222

422225

928

AB

4AC.fasciolaris

92 B

5Hymenolepis diminuta422

2001

1975

Leishmania donovani

;;

2002

2210

2001

1999

18.

17-12

;;

2002

22

102001

2004

1999

Rattus rattus

1822-18

1987

Al-Hadithi , I.A. ; Habash ,A. H. and

Alwan ,M. J. (1985).The

incidence of helminth parasites

of digestive tract of Rattus

norvegicus from Basrah

area,Iraq.JBSR.Vol.16(2):137-

154.

422225

927

Fahmy, A.M. ; Riffat,M.A. and Arafa

,M.S. (1971).Helminthic infection

of domestic and commensal

rodents in Egypt . part

V.Seasonal prevalence of the rat

tape w orm H. diminut

(Rub.1819).J.Egypt.Publ.Hith.As

s. 46:337-342.

Hamajima, F.(1962).Studies on the

parasites of the Japanese house

mouse living in two different

environment .Kyushu. J . Med.

Sci . , 113:319-323.

Jawdat ,S . Z . and Mahmoud ,S. N.(1980).

The incidence of cestodan and

acanthocephalan Kamiya,

parasites of some rodents in Iraq.

Bull. Nat.Hist.Res.center.

Iraq.7(4):55-71.

Kamiya, M.;Tatsouo,Y. Yuzuro,N.(1979).

Helminthic infection of the brown

rat,Rattus norvegicus from

Kanagawa, Japan .Jap. J.

parasite., 20:490-494.

Kassai,T.(1972). Guide to the recognition

and treatment of the main

helminthe parasites of laboratory

animals , 77p.Near East Animals

Health Institute, Baghdad .

Kulasiri,C.(1954) .Some cestodes of

rat,Rattus rattus Linnaeus of

Ceylon and epidemiological

significance from man .Parasite

.,44:349-352 .

Mahmoud, S. N.(1974). Incidence and

distribution of helminth parasites

of the digestive tract of rats and

mice of the family muridae in

baghdad area .M.Sc.

Thesis,Univ.of Baghdad .

Sahba,G.H.; Arafa, F. and Digan,H.

(1967). Intestinal

helminthiasis in the rural

area of Khuzestan, South-

West Iran .Ann.Trop.Med.

Parasite .61:352-357 .

Senekiji ,H. A.(1940). Bactreology and

Parasitology survay of rats inIraq.

Trans. Roy. Soc. Trop.

Med.Hyg., 33: 655-65.

-Senekiji ,H. A. ; Boswell,C. and Beatie

,C.(1940). The incidence of

intestinal parasites in Iraq .

Trans.Roy. Soc. Trop.

Med.Hyg.,33: 349-352 .

Spinder, L. A.(1930). On the occurance of

the tape worm Hymenolepis

diminuta and the tape worm

Hymenolepis nana South-west

Virginia .J. Parasite., 16:38-40 .

Tenora,F. and Mural,E.(1972). Recent data

on five species of the genus

Hymenolepis (Veinland,1828).

Cestodia, Hymenolepididae

parasi-ting rodents in Hungary.

Acta.Zool. Acad. Sci.,18:129-

145.

The role of rodents in transmiting of zoonotic parasites

between the human and animals

H. M. Al-Mayali

Coll. of Educ./ unive. Of Al-Qadisiya

AbstractFifteen species of parasites were recorded in this study involved seven species of

protozoa ; three species of cestodes;three species of nematodes and two species of

ectoparasites this were: Chilomastic spp.; Leishmania spp.; Giardia muris , Entamoeba

histolytica ;Entamoeba coli; Emeria spp.; Tritrichomonas muris; Hymenolepis diminuta;H.

nana;. Cysticercus fasciolaris;; Gongylonema neoplasticum ; Protospirura muris; Trichoris

muris; Xenopsylla cheopis and Ornithonyssus bacoti .Hight percentage of infection with

intestinal parasites and ectoparasites which were in Rattus rattus (98,48% and77,27%

respectively ) and lowest percent with ectoparasites in Mus musculus (24,56%) and intestinal

parasites in Rattus norvegicus (23,69%).The infection with cestodes was more than in

nematodes (59,09% and 9%respectively) in R. rattus ;34,61% and 11,53% respectively in R.

422225

921

norvegicus ).The percentage infection with ectoparasites were more than other species of

parasites in each of R. rattus and R. norvegicus (77,27% and 53,84% respectively). There

was no significant effect of sex of rodents on infection (46,80% in males and 43,26% in

females) while the weight had a significant effect .The most infections were multiple

infections(more than tree species of parasites) and seasonal variations were noticed and hight

infections with protozoa were in summer (15,38%;18,51%;20% in R. rattus ,R.norvegicus and

M.musculus respectively ) while hight percentage of infections with cestodes were in autome

(21,51%;31,48%;12,85% respectively).The study showed the rodents which incidented in the

province were intermediat hosts of many zoonotic parasites such as Entamoeba histolytica

;Entamoeba coli; Hymenolepis nana; H.diminuta C. fasciolaris; Xenopsylla cheopis

;Ornithonyssus bacoti and Leishmania spp.

this study was the first in this province.