熱電偶式與熱敏式電子溫度器 - phys.nthu.edu.tgplab/file/thermocouple.pdf ·...
Transcript of 熱電偶式與熱敏式電子溫度器 - phys.nthu.edu.tgplab/file/thermocouple.pdf ·...
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98.11.25
(thermocouple, TC)(thermister)
1 SET 998 19
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(a)
(b) F/V
(c)
2 (a)
A. 19 B.
C.(b)
F/V
F/V (c)
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A (Thermocouple temperature sensor, TC sensor)
()
(electromotive potential)
-
(1) [1,2]
1821 Seebeck
(Seebeck effect)
(diffusion current)
(hole)
()
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(hard welding)
3
3
(2) [1]
(contact resistance)
(Seebeck electromotive potential)
f
f
staticf
=
Eq
E
staticnonf
staticnonstatic fff
f
ldf
Seebeck
ldf static
=ldE
= 0
staticnonf
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= ldf staticnon
= VS T
S seebeck
T1 T2
T1
T2
T1 0 (273
K) -269oC (77 K)
4
4 ()
3
12
2
1212 )()()( TTcTTbTTa
abc
T = T1 - T2
V = S T
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V S Seebeck T
S
(3)
(American National Standards
Institute, ANSI) J
()
(type of
thermocouple)
(conducting wire of positive
electrode)
(conducting wire of negative
electrode)
B -30%(Pt-30%Rh) -6%(Pt-6%Rh)
E (Ni-Cr alloy) (Ni-Cu alloy)
J (Fe) (Ni-Cu alloy)
K (Ni-Cr alloy) (Ni-Al alloy)
N (Ni-Cu-Si alloy) (Ni-Si-Mg alloy)
R -13% (Pt-30%Rh) (Pt)
S -10%
T
(4)
T
T0 = 0
T0 = 0
T
0 tn
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(T, 0) = (T, Tn) + (Tn, 0) (1)
= +
(T, 0) 0T Tn
()
0 T
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
m v
-10 -0.383 -0.421 -0.459 -0.496 - 0.534 -0.571 - 0.608 -0.646 - 0.683 -0.720
0 -0.000 -0.039 - 0.077 -0.116 - 0.154 -0.193 - 0.231 -0.269 - 0.307 -0.345
0 0.000 0.039 0.078 0.147 0.156 0.195 0.234 0.273 0 .312 0.351
10 0.391 0.430 0.470 0.510 0.549 0.589 0.629 0.669 0 .709 0.749
20 0.789 0.830 0.870 0.911 0.951 0.992 1.032 1.073 1.114 1.155
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
mv
3 0 1 .196 1 .237 1.279 1.320 1.361 1.403 1.444 1.486 1 .528 1 .569
4 0 1 .611 1 .653 1.695 1.738 1.780 1.822 1.8 65 1.907 1 .950 1 .992
5 0 2 .035 2 .078 2.121 2.164 2.207 2.250 2.294 2.337 2 .380 2 .424
6 0 2 .467 2 .511 2.555 2.599 2.643 2.687 2.7 31 2.775 2 .819 2 .864
7 0 2 .908 2 .953 2.997 3.042 3.087 3.131 3.1 76 3.221 3 .266 3 .312
8 0 3 .357 3 .402 3.447 3.483 3.538 3.584 3.6 30 3.676 3 .721 3 .767
9 0 3 .827 3 .873 3.919 3.965 4.012 4.058 4.1 05 4.151 4 .198 4 .244
1 00 4 .291 4 .338 4.385 4.432 4.479 4.529 4.5 73 4.621 4 .668 4 .715
ITS-90 T -( 2
) (mV) T ()[4]
(T, 0) = 0.03875 T + 3.329 10-5 T2 (2)
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[5]
(5)
1. (response)(Time lag)
2.
-200
1,800
3.
4. (mV)
5.
(6)
1.
2. 0
3. (Short Circuit)
4.
5.
6.
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1. - T
2. Goodwill GWINSTEK GDM-350A
K-
1. B.( 2b)
()
2. T-
A.
() PN (PN )
5
5 A.PN
3.
(15V )
4. 6 C.
() 100 +-
F/V
F/V
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18 10
6
5. ( 7 )[6]
7 GDM-350A
K
250
7 (Goodwill) GWINSTEK GDM-350A
6.
K-
VmA(
)COM ()
oC
7. K-
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LCD
8. 8
F/V Vi F/V
F/V E 20mV
8
[5] 0
9
8
9
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9.
6
10. 8 -15V (-15 )
()( C.)
()()
2
11.
12,13
12. (
)()
tTC ()TTC ()
13. T Tn (T, Tn)
F/V 100 100(Tn,To)
0-
T- (T,To)
T 0(T,To)
VTC tTC ()TTC ()
14. -15V -15
9- 13
15. -15V (
-15 ) -15
()
16. 20 0mV / 24 67mV/ 44
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88mv/50 102mV
50 102mV 100 1.02mV-
20 0.789mV 1.02mV -
VTC (Volt) 1.809mV-
tTC () 44.5 TTC (
) 50 TTC () 11%
1. -
100
9
2. 13 VTC (Volt) tTC ()
B
3. VTC R T0 R T T0
t0 = ____ ____T0 = _____________K
t0 = ____ ____T0 = _____________K
1 2 3 4 5 6
VTC (Volt)
R T0 R T
T0
tTC ()
T (K)
TTC
()
TR (K)
T (K-1
)
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tTC ()
T (K)
1.
2. (Seeback effect)?
3.
4. 8
5. ANSI
[1] http://www.scu.edu.tw/physics/science-scu/M302/12.htm
[2] Seebeck effect
(1) Mark W. Zemansky and Richard H. Dittman, Heat and
Thermodynamics, P. 432. , 6th edition, 1981.
(2) Thermoelectric effect, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermoelectric_effect,
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
(3) Introduction to thermoelectricity, website:
http//www.chem.cornell.edu.fjd3/thermo/intro.html
(4) thermoelectric effects, website:
http//www.techfak.uni-kiel.de/matwis/amat/elmat_en/kap_2/advanced/t2
_3_2.html)
(5) The Seebeck effect, website:
http//www.uni-konstanz.de/FuF/Physik/Jaeckle/papers/thermopower/nod
el.html)
[3] SET-998
[4]
[5] 31989
[6] GWINSTEK GDM-350A
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermoelectric_effecthttp://www.scu.edu.tw/physics/science-scu/M302/http/www.chem.cornell.edu.fjd3/thermo/intro.htmlhttp://www.scu.edu.tw/physics/science-scu/M302/http/www.techfak.uni-kiel.de/matwis/amat/elmat_en/kap_2/advanced/t2_3_2.htmlhttp://www.scu.edu.tw/physics/science-scu/M302/http/www.techfak.uni-kiel.de/matwis/amat/elmat_en/kap_2/advanced/t2_3_2.htmlhttp://www.scu.edu.tw/physics/science-scu/M302/http/www.uni-konstanz.de/FuF/Physik/Jaeckle/papers/thermopower/nodel.htmlhttp://www.scu.edu.tw/physics/science-scu/M302/http/www.uni-konstanz.de/FuF/Physik/Jaeckle/papers/thermopower/nodel.html
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B.
200
1
[2][3]
2d
d1
T
B
T
R
R
T
TT -----------------(1)
B B = 3200 K
[2][3]
)0
11(
0
TTB
TT eRR
RTRT0 T T0
[2][3]
0
1ln
11
0TR
R
BT T
T ----------(2)
RT 20V
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1. R T0R T0 2(c)
-15
-15 C
R T
R T -15V (
-15 ) -15
10
11
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2. T0 K
3. R T0 R T T0(2) T
T T
TR
4. T (1) T
5. -15V -15
6. -15V (
-15 ) -15
()
(2) T
19 T0 R T0 11.92k
20 10.9k
21 9.98k
22 9.6k
23 9.27k
24 8.29k
.. .
.. .
47 3.35k
48 3.3k
49 3.26k
50 TR T R T 3.2k
1.
050
2. R T0 R T T0 (2) T
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3. 9 Rt
4.
5.
[1] SET-998
[2]
[3] 31989