•翻譯及錄音

Nanotechnology and the Photoelectric

Effect- LCD’s Imaging Principle

Learning Objectives1. To understand CRT-TV’s, Plasma-Screen TV’s, and LCD

TV’s imaging principles

2. To understand the difference between pigment three

primary colors and RGB shade primary colors.

3. To control the voltage, and to observe relationship

between Liquid Crystal‘s deflection and the imaging

monitor’s coloration

4. To understand how to control Liquid Crystal’s array

formation

5. To understand the relationship between LCD Glasses

and 3D Projection’s Imaging Principles

Characteristics of CRT Displays• In today’s modern society, we can’t escape watching television or

computer screens. Before LCD’s were invented, electronic screens

were made from cathode-ray tubes.

• CRT imaging comes from beam of electrons continually moving in all

directions. When the beam of electrons starts from the upper left

corner and ends in the upper right corner, the electrons will

immediately return to the upper left corner. Thus, a horizontal line is

created.

• When the CRT screen becomes a still figure for a long period of time,

the internal screen’s phosphorescent film will gradually change. In

the end, the blur remaining on the screen is imprinted on the

phosphorescent film.

Plasma Screen’s Imaging Principles

• Plasma screens are gas chambers coated on the

surface with phosphor. Under UV radiation, visible

light can radiate three colors – red, blue, green.

• Electrical voltage is added to each gas chamber to

create plasma discharge. When visible light interacts

with different colored phosphor, image pixels are

formed after recombination.

• However, Plasma screens still will more or less incur

some film imprintation.

The Discovery of Liquid Crystal• In 1888, Friedrich Reinitzer, an Austrian botanist, discovered Liquid

Crystal.

• He observed that when Cholesteryl benzoate is heated to

145.5 ℃ ， the solid melts ， becoming something similar between

solid and liquid. It becomes a semi-molten white flowing

liquid ， similar to colloidal solution of soapy water ， it has LCD

liquid-like fluidity and also crystalization’s typical optical properties

• This condition will be maintained until the temperature rises to

178.5 . At that moment, it will become clear liquid.℃

LCD’s Imaging Principle• LCD Displays are created from placing Liquid Crystals

between two conductive glass sheets.

• Through applying electrical voltage, liquid crystal particles

can rearrange in a certain fashion to control light

transmission, creating shading.

• LCD displays require a color filter applied to have it

display color images.

Pigment Three Primary Colors

• Primary colors aren’t able to be

created from combining other

colors.

• The three primary pigments are red,

yellow, and blue. The more you

combine the three pigments, the

duller the resultant color is. When

you combine all three colors equally,

black is obtained.

RGB Shade Three Primary Colors

• Light’s three primary colors

– red, green, and blue when

mixed together equally,

creates the brightest color –

white.

• Every color is assigned a

numerical value from 0-255,

completely representing 256

different colors. With over

16 million different colors

from combining different

RGB’s, the full color

spectrum can be created.

Please choose three secondary colors

• LCD imaging utilizes the three primary colors –

red, green, and blue to form the 256 RGB color

spectrum, where 0 represents the darkest and 0

represents the brightest. • The three colors – red, green, and blue, when

shone the brightest, result in the color white.

When the light exposure is the darkest, the result

is black. When the three colors are exposed at

different light exposures, different colors will

be created.• Please click the button to magnify the colored

lines.

• Liquid Crystal Display is created from putting

liquid crystal in between two pieces of

conductive glass. When an electric field is

applied to the glass ， liquid crystal molecules

can rearrange and twist resulting in polarized

light. Please properly adjust the voltage between

the two conducting glass sheets.

LCD Array• Liquid crystal displays are divided into two categories:

passive drive and active drive

• The passive drive type has only electrodes and liquid

crystal on the display board. The upper and lower boards

form a matrix of scanning electrodes and data

electrodes. Using synchronized scanning, a contrast

display is achieved.

3D 顯示器• 3D glasses achieve 3-D effect by switching the glasses

between dark (blocking) and clear (seeing). It does so in

a way that each one of the eyes receives different

information alternatively. The brain then combines the

information from both eyes to construct the desired 3-D

image.

• Please properly adjust liquid crystal display frequency.

•翻譯

Learning

Objectives

Understand

Liquid Crystal

RGB Pixels

LCD Array

3D Imagin

g

Little Test Home

Incorrect! Please try again!

Correct! Please move on to the next question.

1.Which of the following images below show the correct schematic diagram of Liquid Crystal?

以上皆非

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D) None of the above

2. Which of the following images below properly shows the arrangement of Liquid Crystal as the temperature increases?

(A) (B)

(C) (D)

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

Temperature Temperature

Temperature

Temperature

3.LCD monitors utilize which method to initiate the rearrangement of liquid crystal molecules? (A) Temperature

(B) Chemical Reactivity

(C) Electric Field

(D) Magic

4.Why do LCD monitor’s utilize electric fields to excite liquid crystal molecules rather than temperature? (A) More appropriate reaction time

length

(B) Practicality

(C) Inexpensive

(D) All of the above

5.Within the image, which section controls light polarization ？

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

(A)

(C)

(B)

(D)

6. Which diagram below depicts light being able to pass through the second polaroid ？

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

7.What is the definition of a Primary Color ？

(A) Only the colors – red, green, blue

(B) A color that can’t be created from mixing other colors together

(C) When mixing all the primary colors together, the color black is obtained

(D) All of the above

8. RGB has 256 possible numerical entries. The color white has three colors exposed to the brightest. What is the matching color combination? (A) ( 0, 0, 0 )

(B) (256, 256, 256)

(C) (255, 0, 255)

(D) (255, 255, 255)

9. Which option below (R, G, B) containing RGB numerical values can create the color violet?

(A) ( 40, 40, 40 )

(B) (200, 200, 50)

(C) (0, 100, 100)

(D) (170, 0, 170)

10.When combining (R,G,B) three primary colors, over 16 million various colors can be produced. How is this statistic calculated?

(A) 256 + 256 + 256

(B) 256 – 256 – 256

(C) 256 x 256 x 256

(D) 256 ÷ 256 ÷ 256

11.Which of the following choices below aren’t a typical application of LCD Monitor ？

(A) Backlight

(B) Polarizer

(C) Cathode Ray Tube

(D)

Color Filter

12.Which of the choices below regarding color is incorrect?

(A) The 3 primary colors are red, yellow, and blue

(B) White is obtained when you mix the 3 primary colors together

(C) RGB primary color mixing is a reductive mixing

(D) When you mix red and green light together, yellow light can be obtained

13. Regarding 「 Color-LCD 」， which of the following options below is incorrect?

(A) Liquid crystal placed between two polarizing plates perpendicular to each other

(B) By applying and controlling an electric field applied to the liquid crystal, the pixels can become transparent.

(C) Using a filter, red, green and blue pixels can be created

(D) Red, green, and blue are three plain colors that form black when exposed to light

14. Why doesn’t LCD Monitor’s have the problem of phosphor imprinting?

(A) Since Liquid Crystal has 2 different melting points

(B) Because there is a screen protector methodology

(C) Because there are very few phosphor structures

(D) Because the image doesn’t directly utilize phosphorescence

15.Regarding 「 stereovision 」， which of the following choices bellow is incorrect?

(A) 3D perception comes from the difference in visual percetion between the two eyes

(B) 3D display is created from manually creating visual differences

(C) The left and right eye sees two different images to create the overall 3D effect

(D)

Currently, 3D technology can be only utilized in glasses

The End