2007. 3

gilocavT

Soba-axal wels

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sruliad saqarTvelos, saqarTvelos SeiaraRebul Zalebsa da TiToeul samxedro mosamsaxures vulocav damdeg axal wels. 2008 weli yofiliyos reformebis, siaxleebis da rac mTavaria qveynis gaerTianebis weliwadi. gansakuTrebiT minda mivuloco im samxedroebs, romlebic samSvido misiiT sxvadasxva qveynebSi imyofebian. minda maT samSobloSi mSvidobiT dabruneba vusurvo.daviT kezeraSvili saqarTvelos Tavdacvis ministri

I wish Happy New to Georgia, to the Georgian Armed Forces and to each military servant. Let 2008 be the year of reforms, innovations and reunification of our country. I want to send special congratulations to the Georgian peacekeepers performing their mission abroad. I wish them to return to their homeland safe and sound.

DaviD Kezerashvili Minister of Defence of Georgia

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sarCevimimoxilva/review

saqarTvelos prezidentma 12 saukeTeso oficeri daajildova

vemsaxurebi saqarTvelos saqarTvelos Tavdacvis saministros yovelkvartaluri Jurnali #3. 2007 Jurnali momzadda saqarTvelos Tavdacvis saministros sazogadoebriv saqmeTa departamentSi. redaqtori: nana inwkirveli Jurnalze muSaobdnen: rusudan cimakuriZe, nini baqraZe, xatia yuraSvili, Tea WoniSvili, nino gogoCiSvili, Salva londariZe, daviT joxaZe, nino rusaZe, Tea kerZevaZe, mindia arabuli, malxaz Tofuria JurnalSi dabeWdilia nana inwkirvelis, koba brolaSvilis, ivane Slamovis, beso gulaSvilis, irakli gedeniZis, daviT joxaZisa da mixeil yelberaSvilis fotoebi. misamarTi: general kvinitaZis quCa #20 tel: 911963, 910645 ISSN 1512-4891samSvidobo misia peaceKeepinG Mission aqcenti/spotliGht

PreSident oF GeorGia awarded the BeSt 12 oFFicerS

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2007 ZiriTadi miRwevebi SeiaraRebuli Zalebis reformirebis procesSi 2007 Main achieveMents in RefoRMing PRocess of the geoRgian aRMed foRces

4stumari/Guestvladimer sokori:

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saqarTvelo moqmedebs, rogorc nato-s de faqto wevri qveyanaVladimir Socor:

GeorGia iS already BehaVinG like a de Facto memBer oF natomTavari Tema/Main topic

ruseTis bazebis gayvanis procesi dasrulda withdrawal oF ruSSian BaSeS comPleted

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32persona profile

`afxazeTi oqrosferia, mze iq sxvagvarad Cadis~ aBkhaZia iS Golden, SunSet iS unuSual there

daibeWda Sps sezanSi

reportaJi wiTeli zonidan rePortinG From the red Zone

42

nato da saqarTvelo NATO AND GeOrGiA

48eqsperti/expert

nato-Si integracia qarTveli xalxisa da mTavrobis arCevania memBerShiP in nato iS the choice and deStiny oF GeorGian PeoPle and the GoVernment

62spec-proeqti/spec-project

qarTuli armia regionSi angariSgasawevi Zala xdeba GeorGian army BecomeS conSideraBle Force in reGionpersona/profile

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rezervistTa momzadeba grZeldeba military traininG oF reSerViStS continueS

maiori babunaSvili diplomatiur samsaxurSi midis From comBat unit to diPlomatic career

82istoria da Tanamedroveoba past anD present

satelevizio proeqtidan realur jarSi From tV Project to the real armynano kvinitaZe:

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`...da me vyviri afxazeTi Cemi!~ and i cry aBkhaZia!

mamis ocneba asrulda _saqarTvelo Tavisufalia nano kVinitadZe: the dream oF my Father came true GeorGia iS Free

88 100

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sainformacio dRe bundesveris akademiaSi inFormation day in BundeSwehr academy

mimoxilva/review

,,samSoblos siyvaruliT Cadeqi qveynis samsaxurSi!~ with the loVe oF GeorGia _ SerVe your country

`vemsaxurebiT maT, vinc msaxurobs~ we SerVe thoSe who SerVeS

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107

aqcenti/SpOTliGhT

2007ZiriTadi miRwevebi SeiaraRebuli Zalebis reformirebis procesSinato-sTan individualuri partniorobis samoqmedo gegmiT aRebuli valdebulebebis warmatebiT Sesrulebis Sedegad saqarTvelo ukve erTi welia nato-sTan urTierTobis ufro maRal safexurze - intensiuri dialogis etapze gadavida. intensiuri dialogis farglebSi aRebulia mniS vnelovani damatebiTi valdebulebebi da mimdi nareobs maTi intensiuri implementacia. natosTan Catarebuli konsultaciebisas, 2007 wels, Tav dacvis sferoSi gatarebulma reformebma maqsi malurad dadebiTi Sefaseba miiRo natos wevri qveynebisa da natos saerTaSoriso Stabebis mxri dan. gaZlierebuli tempebiT grZeldeba muSaoba

As A result of successful implementAtion of commitments undertAken in the frAmework of the individuAl pArtnership Action plAn (ipAp), GeorGiA hAs moved to A hiGher stAGe in cooperAtion with nAto - intensified diAloGue. in the framework of intensified dialogue, additional important commitments were undertaken and the process of implementation is underway. during consultations with nAto in 2007, reforms in the defense sphere have been highly evaluated by the Alliance member countries and by nAtos international staff. in order to implement all additional commitments by/before their deadlines, serious activities are ongoing.

4

2007Main achieveMents in RefoRMing PRocess of the geoRgian aRMed foRcestoday, Georgia has modern, effective, nAto interoperable, wellequipped and trained Armed forces, capable to defend the country from military aggression and at the same time they make their contribution to international peacekeeping operations.darCenili valdebulebebis vadaSi da vadaze adre Sesasruleblad. saqarTvelos dResdReobiT hyavs Tanamedrove, efeq turi, natosTan Tavsebadi, saTanadod aRWurvili da gawvrTnili SeiaraRebuli Zalebi, romlebic uzrun velyofen qveynis dacvas samxedro agresiisagan da sakuTari mniSvnelovani wvlili SeaqvT saerTaSori so samSvidobo operaciebSi.

infrAstructure during 2006-2007 the main military infrastructure has been significantly improved. modern, nAto standard infrastructure has been built to replace much of the old one. A super modern military base was built in senaki and a military hospital was constructed in Gori, equipped with the newest medical apparatus, (the military hospital serves military, as well as civilians). By the end of 2007, construction of a nAto standard military base will

infrastruqtura 20062007 wlis ganmavlobaSi mniSvnelovnad gaum jobesda ZiriTadi samxedro infrastruqtura. sabWoTa

senakis samxedro baza

5

proeqtis moZvelebuli bazebis nacvlad aSenda Tana medrove, natos standartebis mqone infrastruqtu ra: superTanamedrove samxedro baza senakSi, uaxlesi samedicino teqnikiT aRWurvili samxedro hospitali gorSi (emsaxureba rogorc samxedro, aseve samoqalaqo pirebs), am wlis bolomde gorSive dasruldeba natos standartebis Sesabamisi samxedro qalaqis mSeneblo ba, xolo 2008 wlis bolosTvis analogiuri samxedro qalaqi aSendeba q. xonSi. frangi eqspertebis daxmarebiT saCxereSi Seiqmna Tana medrove samTosamxedro momzadebis skola, romelmac natos mxridan umaRlesi Sefaseba daimsaxura da pro gramis `natos partnioroba mSvidobisaTvis~ farg lebSi misi saerTaSoriso centrad gardaqmna igegmeba. saCxeris skolaSi, pirvelad saqarTvelos istoriaSi, qarTveli instruqtorebis mier gaiwvrTna natos qveynebis samxedro mosamsaxureebi da am pirvelma saer TaSoriso sawvrTnelma kursma iseTi mowoneba daim saxura, rom natos qveynebi rigSi dganan am skolaSi damatebiTi saswavlo adgilebis mosapoveblad.

be completed in Gori and a similar kind of military base will be constructed in khoni by the end of 2008. with the assistance of french experts, a modern mountain training school, which also received highest acclaim, was established in sachkhere. in the framework of the partnership for peace program, transformation of the school into a international center is planned. for the first time in the history of Georgia, military members from nAto countries were trained in sachkhere school and this first international training course deserved such fame; nAto countries are within range of obtaining an additional training area.

sociAl conditions the social conditions of civil and military members have been significantly improved. during 2006-2007, salaries increased and this process continues. they are now provided with adequate working conditions, modern equipment and techniques. the ministry of defence has also launched a 4-year program, which intends to provide new, modern, and comfortable apartments for officers families.

socialuri pirobebi mniSvnelovnad gaumjobesda samxedro da samoqalaqo mosamsaxureebis socialuri pirobebi. 20062007 wleb Si moxda maTi anazRaurebis mniSvnelovani etapobrivi zrda da es procesi kvlavac gagrZeldeba. isini uz runvelyofilni arian adekvaturi samuSao pirobebiT, Tanamedrove aRWurvilobiTa da teqnikiT.

strAteGic defence review for the first time in the history of Georgia, the threats facing Georgia have been assessed, analyzed, sorted and a strategic defence review document has been developed.

6

considering the existing threats and resources, the strategic defence review was conducted and the resulting document, which has been approved, was positively evaluated by nAto member countries. the sdr document defines the priorities for development of the Georgian Armed forces and its structure in the short, mid and long-term periods between 2008-2015.

Tavdacvis saministrom daiwyo oTxwliani progra mis ganxorcieleba, romelic gulisxmobs oficer Ta ojaxebis axali da komfortuli sacxovrebeli binebiT uzrunvelyofas. Tavdacvis strategiuli mimoxilva 2006 wels pirvelad saqarTvelos istoriaSi moxda qveynis winaSe arsebuli safrTxeebis srulyofilad Sefaseba, gaanalizeba da daxarisxeba, Seiqmna sa frTxeebis Sefasebis dokumenti. aRniSnuli safrTxeebisa da qveyanaSi arsebuli resursebis gaTvaliswinebiT, pirvelad qveynis is toriaSi, natos standartebis Sesabamisad moxda Tavdacvis strategiuli mimoxilvis Catareba da Se sabamisi dokumentis damtkiceba, romelic dadebi Tad Sefasda natos wevri qveynebis mier. mocemuli dokumentiT ganisazRvra 20082015 wlebSi saqarT velos SeiaraRebuli Zalebis ganviTarebis prior itetebi da SeiaraRebuli Zalebis struqtura mok le, saSualo da grZelvadian periodSi. saerTaSoriso samSvidobo operaciebi dResdReobiT, saqarTvelos gaaCnia sami, natosTan srulad Tavsebadi brigada, romelic aRWurvilia Tanamedrove samxedro teqnikiTa da gawvrTnilia natos moTxovnebis Sesabamisad. Cveni samxedro qve

internAtionAl peAcekeepinG operAtions today, Georgia has three fully nAto interoperable brigades, which are equipped with modern military equipment and manned by soldiers trained according to nAto requirements. our military units are implementing their missions effectively and are significant contributors to international peacekeeping operations. from 2007, for the first in the history of our country, Georgias military contingent in iraq is serving, not as part of other countrys peacekeeping forces, but as an independent unit. it controls the iraqi international peacekeeping operation in the province of wasit.

personnel mAnAGement And 100% professionAl Army By the end of 2009, compulsory military service will have been abolished and each military unit will be manned with professional contract-based military members.

7

danayofebi efeqturad asruleben maTze dakisre bul movaleobebs da mniSvnelovani wvlili SeaqvT saerTaSoriso samSvidobo operaciebSi. 2007 wlidan, pirvelad saqarTvelos istoriaSi, qarTu li samxedro kontingenti aRar imyofeba sxva qveynis samSvidobo Zalebis SemadgenlobaSi da monawileobs ara mxolod rogorc damoukidebeli qvedanayofi, aramde igi xelmZRvanelobs saerTaSoriso samSvidobo operacias erayis vasitis provinciaSi. kadrebis marTva da 100%-iT profesionaluri jari 2009 wlis bolos gauqmdeba savaldebulo samxedro samsaxuri da yvela samxedro SenaerTi kontraqtis safuZvelze dakompleqtdeba profesionali samx edro mosamsaxureebiT. Tavdacvis saministro aqtiurad muSaobs samxedro da samoqalaqo personalis marTvis sistemis gaum jobesebisaTvis. axali sistemis danergvis Sedegad detalurad gaiwereba kadrebis SerCevaSefasebis, dawinaurebis, gadamzadebis kriteriumebi da maqsi malurad gamoiricxeba Tanamdebobrivi gadaadg ilebisas subieqturi faqtorebis gavlena. Sesabam isad, Tanamdebobebze dainiSnebian saukeTeso da saTanadod momzadebuli kadrebi. samxedro ganaTleba natosa da partniori qveynebis daxmarebiT daix vewa samxedro ganaTlebis sistema. saqarTvelos erovnul samxedro akademiasa da serJantTa sko las ZaluZs Tanamedrove moTxovnebis Sesabamisi

the ministry of defence actively works to improve the civil and military personnel management system. After establishment of a new system, criteria for personnel selection, assessment, promotion and retraining will be determined and the influence of subjective factors on promotions will be diminished to the maximum extent. According to this goal, the best and most prepared personnel will be selected for the relevant positions.

militAry educAtion with the assistance of nAto and partner countries, the military education system has been improved. the military Academy of Georgia and nco school can prepare and train qualified officers and sergeants in compliance with modern requirements. these military members provide for the establishment of a very effective and nAto interoperable Georgian Armed forces.

resource mAnAGement, BudGet trAnspArency creation of a transparent and effective resource management system is very important for the development of Georgian Armed forces. the ministry of defence of Georgia actively cooperates with nAto member countries and uses their significant experience for planning of the above-mentioned system. certain elements of a modern planning, programming and budgeting system, a so called ppBs, have been established at the ministry of defence. the system, which will become fully functional in 2009, will make defence planning process more transparent and effective.

8

the defence budget is transparent and open for society. it is available at the official web-site of the defence ministry. the budget of the defence ministry is discussed by the parliamentary committee on defence and security in detail. the defence ministry actively cooperates with independent experts and non-governmental organizations in order to increase the transparency of the defence system and to engage society in the process of building the Armed forces of Georgia. for this purpose, a civil council has been set up. the council discusses important issues such as, development of important documents in defence sector, protection of military members rights, problems with budget expenditures and other important issues.

kvalifikaciis mqone oficrebisa da serJantebis momzadeba. swored es samxedro mosamsaxureebi uz runvelyofen saqarTvelos SeiaraRebuli Zalebis maqsimalurad efeqtur da natosTan srulad Tavse bad Zalad sabolood Camoyalibebas. resursebis marTva, biujetis transparentuloba saqarTvelos SeiaraRebuli Zalebis mdgradi gan viTarebisaTvis umniSvnelovanesia gamWvirvale da efeqturi resursebis marTvis sistemis Camoyalibeba. aRniSnuli sistemis dagegmvis mizniT saqarTvelos Tav dacvis saministro aqtiurad TanamSromlobs natos wevr qveynebTan da iyenebs maT mniSvnelovan gamocdile bas. saministroSi ukve danergilia e.w. dagegmvis, pro gramirebisa da biujetirebis Tanamedrove sistemis garkveuli elementebi. sistema srulad amoqmeddeba 2009 wlidan, rac Tavdacvis dagegmvis process kidev ufro gamWvirvales da efeqturs gaxdis. Tavdacvis saministros biujeti maqsimalurad gax snilia sazogadoebisaTvis da xelmisawvdomia samin istos oficialur vebgverdze. Tavdacvis biujets detalurad ganixilavs parlamentis Tavdacvisa da uSiSroebis komiteti. Tavdacvis sistemis transpar entulobis gazrdis mizniT, saqarTvelos SeiaraRe buli Zalebis mSeneblobis procesSi sazogadoebis CasarTvelad, saministro aqtiurad TanamSromlobs damoukidebel eqspertebTan da arasamTavrobo orga nizaciebTan. am mizniT Seqmnilia samoqalaqo sabWo, romlis farglebSic xorcieldeba Tavdacvis seqto ris mniSvnelovani dokumentebis, samxedro mosamsax ureTa uflebebis dacvis, biujetis xarjvis problem atikisa da sxva umniSvnelovanesi sakiTxebis ganxilva. sazogadoebasTan urTierToba Tavdacvis saministros sazogadoebriv saqmeTa de partamenti da natos sainformacio centri aqti urad axorcieleben mTel rig RonisZiebebs, raTa sa zogadoebis sxvadasxva fenebisaTvis ufro gasagebi gaxdes Tavdacvis sferoSi mimdinare reformebis arsi, natos rogorc usafrTxoebis organizaciis principebi da miznebi da saqarTvelos natoSi inte graciis mniSvneloba. sahaero Tavdacva 20062007 wlebSi mniSvnelovnad gaumjobesda saqarT velos sahaero Tavdacvis sistema da igi aRiWurva sa haero viTarebis kontrolis Tanamedrove saSualebe biT. 2007 wlis bolomde saqarTvelo CaerTveba natos sahaero sivrcis monacemTa urTierTgacvlis siste maSi, ris Sedegadac natos wevri qveynebi pirdapir (on-line) reJimSi miiReben saqarTvelos sahaero sivrce Si arsebul suraTs, rac mniSvnelovnad Seamcirebs saqarTvelos sahaero sivrcis darRvevis safrTxes.9

puBlic relAtions the public Affairs department of the ministry of defence and the information centre on nAto are actively implementing activities to inform the public about ongoing reforms at the ministry of defence, to raise their awareness on nAto, its principles and goals as a security organization, and about the importance of Georgias integration into the Alliance.

Air defence Georgias air defence system has been significantly improved and equipped with a modern system of air situation control. By the end of 2007, Georgia will join the nAto Air situation data exchange system and, as a result, nAto member countries will receive the situation in Georgias airspace, by computer interchange which will significantly reduce threats of air space violation.

minda mivuloco sruliad saqarTvelos da SeiaraRebul Zalebs damdegi axali weli. Cems qveyanas minda vusurvo gamTlianeba da gabrwyineba, SeiaraRebul Zalebs _ winsvla da warmateba; SeiaraRebuli Zalebis mTeli Semadgenlobis ojaxebs _ bedniereba da sikeTe. zaza gogava saqarTvelos SeiraRebuli Zalebis gaerTianebuli Stabis ufrosi, polkovniki

I want to extend New Year congratulations to Georgia and to the Georgian Armed Forces. I want to wish my country reunification and bright future and progress and success to the Georgian Armed Forces. Let this year bring happiness and prosperity to their families.COl zaza GoGava Chief Of JOiNT STAff Of The GeOrGiAN ArMeD fOrCeS

10

amerikis SeerTebuli Statebis saelCo saqarTveloSi gilocavT Soba-axal wels. Cven gvwams, rom saqarTveloSi mimdinare reformebis warmatebuli ganxorcieleba mosaxleobas did sargeblobas moutans da qveyanas evro-atlantikur ojaxSi integraciis procesSi daexmareba. momdevno wlebSi gisurvebT mSvidobasa da warmatebas. misi aRmatebuleba jon tefti misi aRmatebuleba amerikis elCi saqarTveloSi

The Embassy of the United States wishes you Merry Christmas and a Happy New Year. We strongly believe that successful implementation of the on-going reforms in Georgia will bring benefit to its population and help the country join the Euro-Atlantic family of the nations. We wish you peace and success in the coming years. H. E. john tefft AMbASSADOr Of The UNiTeD STATeS Of AMeriCA TO GeOrGiA

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mimoxilva/review

saqarTvelos prezidentma 12 saukeTeso oficeri daajildova25 oqtombers saqarTvelos prezidentma mixeil saakaSvilma Tavdacvis erovnuli akademiis kurs damTavrebulebs saswavlo procesis warmatebiT dasruleba miuloca. sazeimo RonisZiebas Tav dacvis ministri daviT kezeraSvili, gaerTianeb uli Stabis ufrosi, polkovniki zaza gogava, misi moadgileebi, vicepolkovnikebi aleqsandre ose faiSvili da giga tatiSvili, saqarTveloSi akred itebuli diplomatiuri korpusis warmomadgenle bi daeswrnen. saqarTvelos prezidentma kursdamTavrebulebs sityviT mimarTa: `Cven gveqneba Tanamedrove, ara mravalricxovani, magram kargad aRWurvili, Sei araRebuli Zalebi; iseTi, rogoric saqarTvelos arasdros ar hyolia Tavisi istoriis ganmavlobaSi da Cven viqnebiT yvela Cveni samokavSireo valdeb ulebebis, demokratiuli samyaros keTilmezoblo bis principebis erTgulebi. Cven aravis ar mivcemT iseT valdebulebas, romelic xels Segvikravs Cven da Cvens megobrebs saqarTvelos damoukideblobis, suverenitetisa da momavlis dacvaSi~. mixeil saakaSvilma da daviT kezeraSvilma gamosaS vebi gamocdebis reitingis mixedviT Tormet sauke Teso oficers jildoebi gadasces. saqarTvelos prezidentma amiran sarTanias, romelic afxazeTi dan aris devnili, kursis warmatebiT dasruleba pi

on october 25th, president of Georgia, mikheil saakashvili, congratulated the students of the national defense Academy upon graduating from the officers course. defence minister david kezerashvili, chief of the Joint staff col. Zaza Gogava, deputy chiefs of staff ltc Alexandre osepaishvili and ltc Giga tatishvili, and foreign diplomats assigned to Georgia attended the solemn ceremony. president saakashvili delivered a speech addressing the graduates of officers course: our country will have modern, not large, but well-equipped armed forces something Georgia has never had throughout its history and we will be committed to the principles of democracy and good-neighborhood. we will not undertake any obligations that will bind us and our friends in defending Georgias independence and sovereignty.

saqarTvelos prezidenti umcros oficerTa 12 kursis gamoSvebis ceremoniaze

PreSident oF GeorGia awarded the BeSt 12 oFFicerStoday, at the ceremony, mikheil saakashvili and david kezerashvili awarded the twelve best officers according to their graduate exam grades. the president of Georgia complimented on the successful graduation of the course and presented his watch to Amiran sartania, an idp from Abkhazia. the Junior officers course A is a seven month training program that is conducted in three stages. 123 students attended the initial, candidate and basic courses. officers course graduates took an oath during the ceremony and were commissioned as lieutenants. defence minister david kezerashvili congratulated the young officers for successfully graduating from the courses: it is a very important day for the Georgian Armed forces today. officers courses were passed by the students with a higher education degree. they are the future of the Georgian Army. young officers will reinforce and strengthen the Armed forces and likewise will simplify the fulfillment of those challenges facing the Georgian Armed forces today.radad miuloca da saCuqrad Tavisi saaTi gadasca. qveiT umcross oficerTa `A~ kursis 123ma msme nelma Svidi Tvis ganmavlobaSi momzadeba sam etapad gaiara. maT sawyisi momzadeba, sakandidato da Ziri Tadi kursebi Seiswavles. imave dRes kursdamTavrebulebma sazeimo viTare baSi fici dades. maT pirveladi samxedro wodeba `leitenanti~ mieniWaT. axalgazrda oficrebs kursis warmatebiT das ruleba miuloca saqarTvelos Tavdacvis ministrma daviT kezeraSvilma: `dRevandeli dRe mniSvnelo vania saqarTvelos SeiaraRebuli ZalebisTvis. Tav dacvis erovnul akademiaSi oficerTa momzadebis kursi umaRlesi ganaTlebis mqone pirebma gaiares. isini arian saqarTvelos armiis momavali. axalgaz rda oficrebi kidev ufro gaaZliereben da ganamt kiceben jars da Sesabamisad saqarTvelos, rac gac ilebiT gaaadvilebs im amocanebis Sesrulebas, rac saqarTvelos SeiaraRebul Zalebs akisria~.

18 noembers saqarTvelos prezidenti mixeil saakaSvili vazianis samxedro bazas ewvia. vazianis bazas prezidentTan erTad saqarTvelos safex burTo nakrebis wevrebi da mTavari mwvrTneli klaus topmioleric stumrobdnen. SeiaraRebuli Zalebis mTavarsardalma samxedroebTan erTad ivarjiSa, mogvianebiT ki fexburTelebsa da samx edroebs Soris amxanaguri matCic gaimarTa. matCs mixeil saakaSvili da SeiaraRebuli Zalebis gaer Tianebuli Stabis ufrosi, polkovniki zaza gogava adevnebdnen Tvals. on november 18, president of Georgia mikheil saakashvili visited vaziani military Base. the Georgian national football team players and their coach klaus topmoller were accompanying the president in vaziani. supreme commander-in-chief of the Georgian Armed forces did some physical exercises together with the military. Afterwards, the Georgian footballers played a friendly football match versus the Georgian military servicemen. the president and the chief of Joint staff of the Georgian Armed forces col. Zaza Gogava watched the game together.saqarTvelos prezidenti 13 vazianis samxedro bazaze

mTavari Tema/MAiN TOpiC

ruseTis bazebis gayvanis procesi dasruldaTea WoniSviliTheA ChONiShvili

15 noembers baTumidan rusuli samxedro teqnikiT datvirTuli bolo eSeloni somxeTis mimarTulebiT, giumrisken gaemarTa. am dRes dasrulda saqarTvelodan kidev erTi rusuli samxedro bazis gayvanis procesi. rusulma mxarem saqarTvelos Tavdacvis saministros baTumSi dislocirebuli ruseTis me-12 samxedro baza oficialurad gadasca, riTac ruseTis jarebis dajgufebis me-12 samxedro bazam sabolood Sewyvita arseboba saqarTveloSi. samxedro obieqtis gadacemis dokumentze xelmow eris ceremonia baTumSi, amierkavkasiaSi ruseTis federaciis jarebis dajgufebis StabSi gaimarTa. miRebaCabarebis aqts saqarTvelos Tavdacvis

on novemBer 15th, the lAst trAinloAd of the russiAn militAry equipment left GeorGiA for Gyumri, ArmeniA. on thAt dAy, the withdrAwAl process of one more russiAn militAry BAse, from the territory of GeorGiA, cAme to An end. the russiAns officiAlly trAnsferred the 12th russiAn militAry BAse locAted in BAtumi, GeorGiA. with this trAnsfer, the 12th russiAn militAry BAse, which is pArt of A Group of russiAn forces in trAnscAucAsiA, ceAsed to exist in GeorGiA. An official document containing details of the transfer of the 12th russian military Base to the Georgian ministry of defense was signed at the headquarters of the Group of russian forces in

14

withdrawal oF ruSSian BaSeS comPleted

transcaucasia (Grft) -- which is located in Batumi. the official document covering the handover and acceptance of the russian military facility was signed by first deputy defence minister Batu kutelia from the Georgian side and by the commander of the Group of russian forces in transcaucasia, maj.-Gen. Andrei popov, from the russian side. today, by signing this document the russian military presence on the territory of Georgia has finally ended. the Batumi military Base has been closed. the remaining equipment and servicemen are in the process of departing Georgia. it is a historical day. declared deputy defence minister Batu kutelia after signing the document. russia undertook a commitment to withdraw its military equipment and bases from the territory of Georgia in accordance with the istanbul Joint statement of november 17, 1999 adopted at osce summit. russia assumed an obligation to withdraw from the republic of moldova, reduce her equipment levels in Georgia, agree with Georgian authorities on the modalities and duration of the russian forces stationed on the territory of Georgia, and reduce their forces in the flanks to the agreed levels of the Adapted cfe treaty. the pullout of russian military forces from vaziani military Base was a significant achievement. withdrawal of russian military forces from vaziani was a good beginning to ending the russian military presence in Georgia. in accordance with the Georgian-russian Joint statement, both sides should have completed negotiations regarding the agreement on duration and modalities of the temporary functioning of russian military bases in Batumi and Akhalkalaki, other russian military facilities on the territory of Georgia, and on their withdrawal during the year 2000. unfortunately, negotiations lasted for more than five years. despite the fact that the military value of the russian bases was diminishing, russia still regarded them as a source of leverage over tbilisi and tried to keep them on Georgian territory.

ministris pirvelma moadgilem baTu quTeliam da amierkavkasiaSi ruseTis federaciis jarebis da jgufebis sardalma, generalmaiorma andrei pop ovma moaweres xeli. `dRes istoriuli dRea. am xelSekrulebis xel moweriT damTavrda kidev erTi rusuli samxedro bazis yofna saqarTvelos teritoriaze. baTumis baza ukve daixura. saqarTvelodan gadis darCeni li samxedro teqnika da samxedro mosamsaxureebi~ ganacxada baTu quTeliam dokumentis xelmoweris Semdeg. ruseTma saqarTvelos teritoriidan samxedro teqnikisa da bazebis gayvanis valdebuleba 1999 wlis 17 noembers euTos stambolis samitze aiRo. ruseTma Tanxmoba ganacxada gaeyvana samxedro Za lebi moldaveTidan, Seemcirebina SeiaraRebisa da samxedro personalis raodenoba saqarTveloSi da saqarTvelos mTavrobasTan SeeTanxmebina saqarT velos teritoriaze arsebuli ruseTis bazebis gayvanis vadebi da detalebi. saqarTvelodan rusuli Zalebis gayvana vazianis samxedro bazidan daiwyo, rac mniSvnelovan miRw evas warmoadgenda. vazianis bazis gasvla saqarT veloSi rusuli Zalebis arsebobis dasasrulis kargi dasawyisi gaxda. qarTulrusuli SeTanxmebis mixedviT, molapar akebebi axalqalaqis, baTumis bazebisa da saqarT velos teritoriaze ganlagebuli ruseTis fed eraciis sxva samxedro obieqtebis droebiTi funqcionirebis vadebis, wesisa da maTi gayvanis Sesaxeb 2000 wels unda dasrulebuliyo, Tumca, molaparakebebi 5 welze met xans gaWianurda. miuxedavad imisa, rom ruseTis bazebis samxedro Rirebuleba nelnela mcirdeboda, ruseTi mainc cdilobda samxedro bazebi saqarTvelos terito riaze SeenarCunebina, rasac is Tbilisis winaaRm deg berketad gamoiyenebda.15

2005 wlis 30 maiss saqarTvelos da ruseTis fed eraciis sagareo saqmeTa ministrebis erToblivi gancxadebis Tanaxmad, mxareebma kvlav ganixiles ruseTis samxedro bazebis gasvlis sakiTxebi. doku mentis xelmoweris Semdeg baTumis da axalqalaqis ruseTis samxedro bazebma saqmianoba Sewyvites da funqcionirebas gayvanis reJimSi ganagrZobdnen. 2006 wlis 31 marts, soWSi, Tbilissa da moskovs Soris SeTanxmeba gaformda, romlis mixedviTac saqarTvelos teritoriaze ganlagebuli da gay vanis reJimSi myofi amierkavkasiaSi ruseTis samx edro dajgufebis, ruseTis samxedro bazebisa da sxva samxedro obieqtebis droebiTi funqcionire bis vadebi da wesebi dadginda. saqarTvelos teritoriaze arsebuli ruseTis ba zebi samxedro, materialuri da teqnikuri aRWur vilobisagan da samxedro personalisagan etapo brivad Tavisufldeboda. bazebis gayvanis winaswar SemuSavebuli gegmis mixedviT ruseTis mxarem saqarTvelos sxvadasxva regionebSi ganlagebuli amierkavkasiaSi ruse Tis federaciis jarebis dajgufebis kuTvnili 49 obieqti gadmosca. 2005 wlidan saqarTvelos teritoria rusuli samxedro teqnikiT datvirTulma 43ma eSelonma da 38ma kolonam datova. axalqalaqis da baTumis bazebidan ruseTisa da somxeTis mimarTulebiT

on may 30, 2005, in accordance with the Joint statements by the ministers of foreign Affairs of the russian federation and Georgia, the withdrawal process of russian military bases was discussed. from the moment the statement was signed, the russian military bases in Batumi and Akhalkalaki discontinued their normal and began to function in the withdrawal mode. Agreement between the russian federation and Georgia on terms and rules of temporary functioning and withdrawal of the russian military Bases and other military facilities of the Group of russian military forces in south caucasus deployed on the territory of Georgia was signed on march 31st, 2006 in sochi. during this period, the russian military bases stationed on the territory of Georgia began vacating material, technical equipment, and military personnel. According to the agreed withdrawal schedule between the parties, the russian side transferred 49 military facilities, belonging to the Group of russian military forces in transcaucasia, to the Georgian ministry of defence. since 2005, 43 trains and 38 convoys carried 1500 units of equipment and over 5000 tons of property from the bases of Batumi and Akhalkalaki to russia. in december 2006, military facilities occupied by the Group of russian forces in transcaucasia (Grft) were transferred to

16

w

iThDrAwAl Of The rUSSiAN MiliTAry bASeS frOM The TerriTOry Of GeOrGiA AfTer 200-yeAr preSeNCe iS UNDOUbTeDly AN iMpOrTANT hiSTOriCAl fACT.1500 erTeuli teqnika da 5000 tona materialuri saSualebebi gavida. 2006 wlis dekemberSi qarTul mxares amierkavka siaSi ruseTis samxedro dajgufebis Stabbina gad moeca. 2007 wlis ivnisSi dasrulda axalqalaqis 62e samxedro bazis gayvana, xolo amave wlis noem berSi daixura baTumis me12 samxedro baza. SeTanxmebuli vadebis mixedviT axalqalaqis baza 2007 wlis 1 oqtombramde unda gasuliyo, baTumis bazis gayvana ki 2008 wlis bolomde unda dasrule buliyo. Tumca, rusulma mxarem gadawyvetileba miiRo bazebi vadaze adre daexura. rogorc CrdiloeT kavkasiaSi rusuli samxedro Za lebis sardalma, generalma aleqsandre baranovma baTumis bazis gadmocemis Semdeg ganacxada, 1 de kembrisaTvis saqarTveloSi erTi rusi jariskac ic ki ar darCeboda (igulisxmeba amierkavkasiaSi ruseTis jarebis dajgufebaSi Semavali piradi Se madgenloba). axalqalaqsa da baTumSi rusuli samxedro bazebis daxurvis miuxedavad, saqarTvelos teritoriaze, kerZod, afxazeTsa da samxreT oseTSi, e.w. samSvi dobo Zalebis formatSi kvlav rCeba rusuli samx edro Zala. oficialuri Tbilisi miiCnevs, rom rusi samSvi doboebi praqtikulad separatistuli reJimebis SenarCunebas uzrunvelyofen da isini Sesabamisi mandatiT dakisrebul movaleobebs ar asruleben. qarTuli mxaris poziciiT saWiroa arsebuli samS vidobo formatebis Secvla. Sexedulebas samSvi dobo procesis gadaxedvis saWiroebasTan dakav SirebiT saerTaSoriso Tanamegobrobac iziarebs. kidev erTi sakiTxi, romelic aseve eWv qveS ayenebs rusi samxedroebis arsebobis dasasruls saqarT velos teritoriaze, gudauTis samxedro bazaa. qarTuli mxare miiCnevs, rom stambolis valdeb ulebebi ruseTis bazebis saqarTvelodan gayva nasTan dakavSirebiT Sesrulebulad ar CaiTvleba sanam gudauTis bazis sakiTxi ar mogvardeba. rusuli mxaris mtkicebiT, daxurulia gudauTis samxedro bazac, Tumca dRemde ar momxdara gudauTis bazis gayvanis verificireba da misi in17

Georgia. in June of 2007, withdrawal of the 62nd Akhalkalki military Base was complete and the 12th Batumi military Base was closed in november of the same year. According to the Georgian-russian Agreement, the withdrawal process of the russian Bases was to be completed by the end of 2008. But, a decision made by the russian side permitted the last trainload of the russian military equipment to leave the territory of Georgia ahead of schedule in november of 2007. As commander of the north caucasian military district, Gen. Alexander Baranov declared, after handover of the Batumi military Base, that not a single soldier would remain on the territory of Georgia as of december 1st. (implies military personnel of the Group of russian forces in transcaucasia) despite the fact that russia closed its bases in Akhalkalki and Batumi, the russian military contingent still remains on the territory of Georgia. russian Blue helmets are fulfilling the so called peacekeeping mission in Abkhazia and tskhinvali regions. officials in tbilisi assume that russian peacekeepers act as protectors of the separatist regimes and therefore are not fulfilling their mandated commitments. the Georgian side continually insists that the existing peacekeeping force be replaced. the Georgian sides approach, concerning the need to revise the peacekeeping format, is shared by the international community. one more issue, that raises doubts regarding the completion of the russian military presence on the territory of Georgia, is Gudauta military Base. According to the Georgian side, istanbul commitments concerning the withdrawal of russian military bases can not be regarded as fully implemented unless the issue of Gudauta military base is resolved. russia claims that Gudauta Base has already been closed. the russian withdrawal from Gudauta base has not been verified and its infrastructure has not been legally transferred to the Georgian side. the russian ministry of foreign Affairs released a special statement regarding the completion of withdrawal process. According to this statement, russia fulfilled its commitments under the agreement a year ahead of schedule. so, russia has fulfilled its

frastruqturis iuridiuli gadmocema qarTuli mxarisTvis. bazebis gayvanasTan dakavSirebiT ruseTis sa gareo saqmeTa saministrom sagangebo gancxadebac gaavrcela. sergei lavrovis uwyebis gancxadebiT, ruseTma `stambolis xelSekrulebiT~ aRebuli valdebuleba dadgenil vadaze TiTqmis erTi wliT adre Seasrula. `ase rom ruseTma Tavisi valdeb ulebebi Seasrula. 2000 wlis 31 dekembrisaTvis saqarTvelos teritoriaze arsebuli ruseTis fed eraciis kuTvnili SeiaraReba da samxedro teqnika, SeTanxmebis Sesabamisad ukve Semcirebuli iyo. 2001 wlis ivnisisaTvis aseve gauqmebuli iyo vaziansa da gudauTaSi arsebuli ruseTis samxedro bazebi~ iuwyeba ruseTis sagareo saqmeTa saministro. ruseTis sagareo saqmeTa saministros gancxadebas pasuxi qarTulma uwyebamac gasca. qarTuli mxare ar iziarebs ruseTis pozicias da fiqrobs, rom ruseTis federaciam erToblivi gancxadebiT nak isri valdebulebebi arasrulad Seasrula. `gudauTis bazis 2001 w. ivlisSi daxurvasTan dakavSirebiT araerTgzis gakeTebuli gancxadebis miuxedavad, igi ar aris daxuruli, vinaidan baza commitments. By december 31st, 2000 the number of armament and military equipment of the russian federation on the territory of Georgia has been reduced according to the Joint statement. vaziani and Gudauta Bases were closed by June 2001. the statement was followed by a reply from the Georgian ministry of foreign Affairs. the Georgian side does not share the russian position and considers the commitments, undertaken by the russian federation, to be incomplete.

o

ras welze meti xangrZlivobis samxedro yofnis Semdeg saqarTvelodan ruseTis bazebis gayvana udaod umniSvnelovanes da istoriuli movlenas warmoadgens.despite numerous statements regarding the closure of Gudauta rmB in July 2001, it cannot be considered closed as the base is continuing to function and its infrastructure is still being used in the interests of the russian armed forces. in accordance with the information provided by the russian side, there still remains combat helicopters, several tens of vehicles, and several hundreds of military personnel, on the territory of the base... incomplete fulfillment of istanbul commitments, regarding the withdrawal of the russian military bases from Georgia, was one of the reasons some nAto countries refused to ratify the adapted version of the cfe treaty. despite the unresolved issues concerning the Gudauta military base and existence of the peacekeeping forces on the territories of Abkhazia and south ossetia, withdrawal of the russian military bases from the territory of Georgia, after a 200-year presence, is undoubtedly an important historical fact.

funqcionirebs da misi infrastruqtura ruseTis SeiaraRebuli Zalebis interesebisTvis gamoiyen eba. TviT ruseTis mxaris mier gadmocemuli in formaciis Tanaxmad, bazis teritoriaze imyofeba ruseTis federaciis kuTvnili sabrZolo vertm frenebi, ramdenime aTeuli satransporto saSu aleba, ramdenime aseuli SeiaraRebuli samxedro mosamsaxure...~ saqarTvelodan ruseTis samxedro bazebis gayvanis Sesaxeb stambolis valdebulebebis Seusrule bloba aseve erTerTi mizezTagania, ris gamoc natos zogierTma qveyanam uari ganacxada evropaSi Cveulebrivi SeiaraRebuli Zalebis adaptirebuli xelSekrulebis ratificirebaze. miuxedavad im faqtisa, rom kvlav gaurkveveli rCeba gudauTis bazisa da afxazeTisa da samxreT oseTis teritoriaze arsebuli samSvidoboebis sakiTxebi, 200 welze meti xangrZlivobis samxedro yofnis Semdeg saqarTvelodan ruseTis bazebis gayvana udaod umniSvnelovanes da istoriul mov lenas warmoadgens.18

stumarTmoyvare, gulRia qarTvel xalxs da mis SeiaraRebul Zalebs minda mivuloco damdegi axali weli. vusurvo mSvidoba, stabiluroba da warmatebebi reformebis ganxorcielebis procesSi. saqarTvelosa da germanias Soris samxedropolitikuri da samxedro urTierTobebis farglebSi minda gamovyo warmatebuli TanamSromloba saqarTvelos serJantTa momzadebis skolis ganviTarebis sakiTxSi. SeiZleba iTqvas, rom saqarTvelos serJantTa momzadebis skola ormxrivi samxedro TanamSromlobis erTgvari Suquraa. aseve aRniSnul skolasa da bundesveris qveiTTa momzadebis skolas Soris arsebuli partnioroba 2007 wels kidev ufro gaRrmavda. warmatebiT gafarTovda TanamSromloba saxedro ganaTlebis dargSi. dRemde saqarTvelos SeiaraRebuli Zalebis 1900 warmomadgenelma miiRo ganaTleba germaniaSi. 2007 wels, ormxrivi programis farglebSi, warmatebiT ganxorcielda 29 RonisZieba, romelTa mTavari Temebi gaxldaT logistika, samxedro samedicino samsaxuri da ganaTleba. qarTuli mxaris SemoTavazebis safuZvelze 2007 wels kosovos samSvidobo kontingents profesiul doneze gawvrTnili kidev erTi qarTuli qveiTTa aseuli SeuerTda. gansakuTrebiT aRsaniSnavia, rom dekemberSi saqarTveloSi Camova 37 tona samxedro samedicino aRWurviloba, 2008 wels ki dagegmilia 25 saswrafo daxmarebis samxedro manqanisa da serJantTa skolisaTvis damatebiTi aRWurvilobis Camotana. gaeros generaluri mdivnis megobarTa jgufis koordinatoris rolSi germania gansakuTrebiT aris dainteresebuli afxazeTis konfliqtis mSvidobiani, politikuri gziT mogvarebaSi. 1994 wlidan germania monawileobs unomiG-is misiaSi afxazeTSi. amJamad igi warmodgenilia 3 samxedro damkvirvebliT, 3 samxedro eqimiT, 6 samedicino serJantiT da 4 policieliT. 2007 welma dagvanaxa, rom saqarTvelosa da germanias Soris samxedro-politikuri da samxedro TanamSromloba stabilur da sando urTierTobebzea damyarebuli da igi 2008 wels kidev ufro gaRrmavdeba. Stabis serJant matiseks, vice-polkovnik raimans da piradad me gvsurs guliTadi madloba gadagixadoT kargi da sasiamovno TanamSromlobisaTvis da im ndobisaTvis, romelic Tqven gamogvicxadeT. saqarTvelos SeiaraRebuli Zalebis yvela wevrs mTeli guliT vusurvebT janmrTelobas, bednierebas da warmatebebs.

I would like to congratulate the open-hearted and hospitable Georgian people and its Armed Forces for the coming New Year and wish you peace, stability, and success in the way of your reformation process. In Germanys and Georgias military-political and military relations, I would like to emphasize the successful cooperation in the development of Georgias Sergeant Training School. It can be said that Georgias Sergeant Training School is a somehow a lighthouse in mutual military cooperation. In 2007, the partnership existing between the above-mentioned school and the Infantry Training School of Germanys Armed Forces has strongly deepened. Relations in military education have also increased. 1900 members of Georgias Armed Forces have received an education in Germany. During 2007, in the framework of mutual programs, 29 events were successfully implemented, which focused on Logistics, Military Medical Service and Education. Under proposal of Georgias side in 2007, Kosovos Peacekeeping contingent was joined by one more highly professionally trained Georgian Infantry Company. It must be mentioned, that Georgia will receive 37 tons of military-medical equipment in December. During 2008, there is a plan to transfer 25 military ambulance vehicles and additional equipment to the Sergeant School. Because Germany has the role of coordinator of UN Secretary Generals Friends Group, Germany is highly interested in a peaceful solution to the Abkhazian conflict by political means. Since 1994, Germany has taken part in the UNOMIG in Abkhazia. Nowadays, our country is represented by 3 military observers, 3 medics, 6 medical sergeants and 4 policemen. The previous year made it clear that military-political and military relations between Georgia and Germany are based on stabile and reliable relations and in 2008 there is a plan to grow these relations.. Staff Sergeant,Assistant Attach Matiseck, Vice-colonel Reimann and I would like to thank you for your efficiency and pleasure of cooperation and for your trust in us. I wish health, happiness and success to all the members of Georgias armed forces.

lTC christian farKhonDeh Military Attach of the federal republic of Germany in Georgia

kristian farkonde germaniis federaciuli respublikis samxedro ataSe saqarTveloSi vicepolkovniki19

vladimer sokori:stumari/GUeST

saqarTvelo moqmedebs, rogorc nato-s de faqto wevri qveyanaTea kerZevaZeTeA KerDzevADze

vladimer sokori vaSingtonSi, jeimsTaun faundeiSenis gamomcemlobaSi eqspertad 1995 wlidan muSaobs. igi saerTaSorisod aRiarebuli eqspertia da yofili sabWoTa kavSiris qveynebis Sesaxeb yoveldRiur analitikur statiebs aqveynebs. statiebSi igi exeba evropaSi rusul da dasavlur politikas, yuradRebas amaxvilebs regionaluri usafrTxoebis sakiTxebze, konfliqtebze, energo-politikasa da nato_sTan dakavSirebul sakiTxebze.20

vlAdimir socor is A senior fellow of the JAmestown foundAtion in wAshinGton since 1995. he writes A dAily AnAlyticAl Article. he is An internAtionAlly recoGniZed expert on the former soviet-ruled countries. in his Articles socor covers russiAn And western policies in eurAsiA, focusinG on reGionAl security issues, secessionist conflicts, enerGy policies, And nAto-relAted developments.

Vladimir Socor:

GeorGia iS already BehaVinG like a de Facto memBer oF natoGeorgia is aspiring to integrate in the Euro-Atlantic structures. One of the major commitments of Georgia in NATO integration process is defence sector reform. How successfully is the Defence Ministry of Georgia implementing this obligation? What do you think, what chances does Georgia have at NATO Bucharest Summit in spring 2008?saqarTvelo miiswrafvis evro-atlantikur struqturebSi integraciisaken. nato-Si integraciis procesSi, Cveni qveynis erT-erTi mniSvnelovani valdebuleba Tavdacvis sferos reformirebaa. Tqveni azriT, ramdenad warmatebulad asrulebs saqarTvelo masze dakisrebul valdebulebebs da ra Sansebi aqvs gvaqvs nato-s buqarestis samitze 2008 wlis gazafxulze miviRoT kandidati qveynis statusi? oqtomberSi, saqarTveloSi vizitis dros, natos generalurma mdivanma iap de hop sxeferma ganacxa da, rom saqarTvelo warmatebiT axorcielebs re formebs. Tumca reformebis ganxorcieleba jer ar dasrulebula. Tavdacvis sferos reformireba uwyveti procesia. saqarTvelo kvlav warmatebiT agrZelebs am mimarTulebiT muSaobas. natos wevri qveynebis moTxovna ar aris am reformebis erTianad da srulad Sesruleba. maTTvis mTavaria dainaxon uwyveti da mniSvnelovani progresi. am progress ver xedaven mxolod isini, visac ar aqvs danaxvis survili. progresi ki namdvilad aris. saqarTvelom udaod mniSvnelovani progresi ganicada Tavdacvis sferos reformirebaSi. aSkaraa, rom saqarTvelo mi iswrafvis gawevrianebis samoqmedo gegmis misaRebad natos samitze buqarestSi. samwuxarod, aliansSi gawevrianebis msurveli qveynebisaTvis gawevriane bis samoqmedo gegmis misaRebad sakmarisi araa mx olod samxedro an Tavdacvis seqtoris kriteriumi an Sesrulebis kriteriumi; mniSvnelovania politi kuri kriteriumic. samxedro kriteriumebis gazom va samecniero procesia, amerikeli samxedroebis enaze mas `matrica~s uwodeben, rasac ver vityviT politikur kriteriumze. am SemTxvevaSi mecnierul doneze Sefaseba ver moxdeba. politikuri kriteri umiT Sefaseba ufro subieqturia, vidre obieqturi. eWvic ar mepareba, rom natos wevri zogierTi evro puli qveyana saqarTvelosTan mimarTebaSi garkveul sababs eZebs, rom mxari ar dauWiros saqarTvelos gawevrianebis samoqmedo gegmis miRebas da amis miz ezad politikur kriteriums asaxelebs, iqneba es21

during his visit to Georgia in october, secretary General of nAto, Jaap de hoop scheffer said that Georgia is implementing these reforms successfully. these reforms arent finished yet. the defence sector reforms are a continuing process. Georgia is continuing to make progress on it. the nAto allies dont demand instant or immediate or total fulfillment of those reforms. they are looking to see continuing and significant progress in the direction and they are seen on that. only those who dont want to see dont see it. But the progress is there. clearly, Georgia has earns on the grounds of defence sector reform. clearly, Georgia has earns that title to be given the membership Action plan at the upcoming nAto summit in Bucharest. unfortunately, criteria for signing the membership Action plan by nAtos aspiring countries are not only military criteria or defence sector criteria or performance criteria, are also political criteria. its almost scientific process of measuring it by what American military calls it matrix. this is not a case of political criteria. they are not measurable in scientific way. And therefore interpretation of political criteria can be subjective rather than objective. i have no doubt in fact that i see now that some european member countries of nAto are looking for excuses not to sign membership Action plan for Georgia by citing political criteria, including those having to do with internal democracy or with Georgia-russia relations. i dont think that Georgia has lost the battle for membership Action plan; this is a battle that Georgia can still win. it is december now and the nAto summit is in Bucharest in April; that democracy in Georgia is strong, has been established irreversibly and that Georgia is doing everything it can within its limited means to have normal relations with russia. there are still four

Sida demokratiis xarisxi Tu saqarTveloruseTis urTierTobebi. ar vfiqrob, rom saqarTvelom gaw evrianebis samoqmedo gegmis etapze gadasasvleli brZola waago. saqarTvelos am brZolaSi gamarjveb is Sansi jer kidev aqvs. axla dekemberia, xolo nato s samiti buqarestSi aprilSi tardeba. saqarTvelo Si Zlieri demokratiaa da es Seuqcevadi procesia. saqarTvelo yvelafers akeTebs ruseTTan urTier Tobis normalizaciis mizniT. buqarestis samitamde jer kidev oTxi Tvea. oTxi Tve sakmaod didi droa. vfiqrob, saqarTvelos Seswevs unari es dro Sida demokratiisa da ruseTTan urTierTobis daregu lirebisTvis gamoiyenos. saqarTvelom es sakiTxebi Zalian male unda moagvaros da natos wevr qveynebs politikuri mesiji gaugzavnos. saqarTvelos mosaxleoba saprezidento arCevnebis paralelurad plebiscitis saSualebiT gamoxatavs sakuTar pozicias surs Tu ara natoSi gawevrianeba. ra gavlenas moaxdens arCevnebis Sedegebi nato-s samitze saqarTvelosTan mimarTebaSi miRebul gadawyvetilebaze? am Sedegs gavlena ori mimarTulebiT eqneba. erTi maTgani gamiznulia aliansis wevrebis politikuri zemoqmedebaze, raTa isini darwmundnen, rom saqarT velos mosaxleobas namdvilad surs maTi qveyana natoSi gawevriandes. natos wevri qveynebisTvis mniSvnelovania gaacnobieron, rom aliansSi gawevr ianebasTan dakavSirebiT saqarTveloSi erovnuli konsensusi arsebobs. miuxedavad qveyanaSi arse buli Sida politikuri uTanxmoebisa, saqarTvelos mosaxleobisa da qarTveli amomrCevlebis pozicia erTiania. rogorc CemTvis cnobilia, saqarTvelos aliansSi gawevrianebis mxardaWeris umaRlesi re itingi aqvs, rac natoSi gawevrianebis msurvel ar cerT qveyanas ar hqonia. gawevrianebis periodSi Cems mSobliur qveyanas, rumineTs, 75% uWerda mx ars. Tu sworad maxsovs, ramdenime Tvis Tu wlis win saqarTvelos natoSi gawevrianebas mosaxleobis 80% an ufro metic uWerda mxars. es mxardaWeris maRali maCvenebelia. aseTi did maCvenebeli balti ispireTis qveynebsac ki ar hqondaT. baltiispire Tis qveynebs natoSi gawevrianebis Zlieri mxardaW era hqondaT, magram reitingi 70% 80%s arasdros aRemateboda. es sakmaod pozitiuri maCvenebelia, rac politikurad aliansisTvis Zalian kargia. es mx ardaWera mosaxleobis mier samxedro da Tavdacvis seqtoris reformebisTvis mxardaWeras niSnavs. es reformebi ki sakmaod ZviradRirebuli investiciaa, romlis sargebelsac mogvianebiT miiReben. mogvi anebiT imas niSnavs, rom rodesac saqarTvelo alian sis Tavdacvis nawili gaxdeba, qveyanas Tavdacvis sferoSi naklebi danaxarjebi eqneba. magram amJamad, Tavdacvis sferos reforma ZviradRirebulia da Tu qarTvel amomrCevelTa aseTi maRali maCvenebeli saqarTvelos natoSi gawevrianebas uWers mxars, es imas niSnavs, rom isini Tavdacvis seqtorSi mimdin22

months until the Bucharest summit. four months is a pretty long time. i think Georgia can make a convincing political case on internal democracy and on political relations with russia until April. Georgia must get its up together very soon, very quickly; must get its up together on its message, its political message to nAto allies.

Georgian population will vote whether it wants Georgia to become a member of the Alliance in the plebiscite along with the Presidential elections. What impact will the results of the plebiscite as well as the overall results of elections have on decisions made regarding Georgia at NATO Summit? there are two impacts. one is on the allies themselves of political impact to convince the allies that the people of Georgia really want their country to be in nAto. it is very important for the nAto allies to realize that there is a national consensus in Georgia about this; whatever the internal political differences that Georgian population and Georgian citizenry is united on this goal. As far as i know Georgia has the highest rate of support for nAto membership of all the countries that ever became aspirants for nAto. my own native country romania had something like 75% support for nAto membership when romania was an aspirant country. if i remember correctly support in Georgia was 80% or even more than 80% some months ago or a year ago. that is a huge rate of support. even in the Baltic states there was no such support for nAto membership. there was a range of strong support but never more than 70 or 80 percent of support. this is unheard of. this is a very positive signal. its good politically for the Alliance. more importantly, just as importantly such support means that the population, that the voters of Georgia are prepared to support spending for military and defence sector reform. that reform is expensive. of course, it will pay later on. it is an expensive investment which will be paid later on because later on Georgias defence preparedness will be a part of the overall Alliance defence which means less spending for Georgia. But right now the defence sector reform is expensive and if such a high proportion of the citizenry support nAto membership, it means that they agree with the necessary defence sector reform spending, even on the expense of some social programs in order to achieve these reforms as quickly as possible and earn an entrance ticket to the Alliance. thats why the proportion of support for nAto membership is so important to make an impression on the Alliance politically and an indication that the voters are prepared to support a high level of spending from the state budget for the defence sector reform. Georgian peacekeepers actively participate in International Peacekeeping Operations. How do you evaluate Georgias role in providing the global security?

s

aqarTvelos aliansSi gawevrianebis mxardaWeris umaRlesi reitingi aqvs, rac nato-Si gawevrianebis msurvel arcerT qveyanas ar hqonia.are reformebisTvis gaweul biujets eTanxmebian, Tundac es socialuri programebis xarjze moxdes, raTa saqarTvelom rac SeiZleba swrafad ganaxor cielos reformebi da miiRos aliansSi `gawevriane bis bileTi~. swored amitom aris natoSi gawevriane bis mxardaWeris maRali maCvenebeli mniSvnelovani, rom aliansze politikuri zewola moaxdinos da aseve imis maCvenebeli, rom amomrCevlebi mzad arian mxari dauWiron saxelmwifo biujetidan xarjebis maRal dones Tavdacvis sferoSi reformebis gasa tareblad. qarTveli samSvidoboebi aqtiurad monawileoben saerTaSoriso samSvidobo operaciebSi. rogor SeafasebT saqarTvelos rols globaluri usafrTxoebis uzrunvelyofis sferoSi? es roli ganuwyvetliv izrdeba. dadebiTi maCvenebe lia is faqti, rom saqarTvelo ara mxolod usafrTx oebis momxmarebelia, aramed usafrTxoebis uzrun velyofaSi Tavis wvlili Seaqvs. es sruliad axali mdgomareobaa. 2003 da 2004 wlebSi saqarTvelo usa frTxoebis mxolod momxmarebeli iyo. saqarTvelos ar hyavda jari; ar gaaCnda aranairi samxedro insti tuti, saqarTvelos Tavdacvis saministro mxolod qaRaldze arsebobda, vidre realurad; qveyanas samx edro biujetic ki ar gaaCnda. saqarTvelos terito ria ruseTisken farTod gaxnil samxedro vakuums warmoadgenda. minda gamovxato Cemi subieqturi mosazreba da aRvniSno, rom 1990ian wlebSi da Sem dgom periodSic saqarTvelo iyo usafrTxoebis mx olod momxmarebeli da ufro metic, TviTon qveyana saSinlad daucveli iyo. dResdReobiT mdgomareoba radikalurad Secvlilia. arasdros minaxavs aseTi swrafi pozitiuri cvlileba nebismier sxva qveyana Si rogorc 20032004 wlebSi iyo da axla aris Tqven Tan. amJamad saqarTvelos usafrTxoebis uzrun velyofaSi mniSvnelovani wvlili Seaqvs. rogorc Tqven aRniSneT, qarTveli samSvidoboebi natos wevri qveynebis samSvidoboebTan erTad, samSvido bo misiebs axorcieleben balkaneTSi, amerikis mier warmarTul samSvidobo operaciaSi eraySi da Zalian male qarTveli samSvidoboebis gansakuTrebiT didi raodenoba samSvidobo misias avRaneTSic Sea srulebs. qarTveli samSvidoboebi natos 13ze met wevr da partnior qveyanasTan erTad samSvidobo op eraciebSi miiReben monawileobas. swored am gziT gviCvenebs saqarTvelo, rom mzad aris imoqmedos natosTan erTad; rom qveyanas Seswevs unari ganax orcielos saTanado wvrTnebi da miaRwios urTierT23

it is a growing role. it is growing very rapidly. it is positive demonstration of the fact that Georgia is not only a consumer of security but also a producer of security. it is a brand new situation. As recently, in 2003 and in 2004 Georgia was only a consumer of security, Georgia didnt have even an army, didnt have military establishment of any kind. it didnt have a functional defence ministry. defence ministry was more on papers than in reality. it almost didnt have a military budget. the territory of Georgia was a military vacuum wide opened towards russia and it was subjective to mention that in 1990s and ever since then Georgia was only a consumer of security and moreover despite being a consumer of security was highly insecure itself. this situation has changed in a radical way. i have never seen such a rapid positive change in any other country between 2003-2004 and now. Georgia is a producer of security now. As you mentioned, Georgian peacekeepers are operating along side peacekeepers from nAto countries in the Balkans, in the American led coalitions in iraq and now very soon a large numbers, especially large numbers in Afghanistan. Georgian soldiers will be operating along side soldiers from more than thirteen nAto ally and partner countries. in this way Georgians demonstrate that the country is prepared to act together with nAto. they also demonstrate that they have the capability to do so - the necessary training and interoperability. on military performance alone Georgia is already behaving like a de facto member of nAto. Georgia has even initiated and volunteered to increase a number of its soldiers in nAto operations, at a time when many other nAto countries dont wish to do so, but they are reducing their participation. so Georgia is behaving de facto like a nAto ally, even though it has not yet joined the Alliance. to mean the most important contribution to nAto is troops in the field and this is certainly also appreciated by the nAto commanders. if i were Georgian, i would underscore very much this part of Georgias commitments to the Alliance, the fact that Georgia is contributing in the most convincing way with troops in the filed that is a final analyses more convincing than anything else. it is more convincing than political criteria. it is saying as a proof of the pudding is soldiers in the field and this is what Georgia does. Georgia has achieved this on its own. American assistance has been crucial in terms of training, in terms of transfer military experience to the defence department. Also the experience of other allies of the Baltic states has been important. turkey has helped very much. so the allies are helping. Georgia is demonstrating that it can absorb the help. it can do so in a productive way.

Tavsebadobas. samxedro TvalsazrisiT, saqarTvelo moqmedebs, rogorc natos de faqto wevri qveyana. saqarTvelos sakuTari nebiT surs natos egidiT warmarTul samSvidobo operaciebSi samxedroebis raodenoba gazardos, im dros rodesac natos sxva wevri qveynebi kontingents amcireben. miuxedavad imisa, rom jer aliansis sruluflebiani wevri ar aris, saqarTvelo natos de faqto wevris msgavsad moqmedebs. yvelaze mniSvnelovani wvlili natoSi am operaciebSi monawileobaa da amas natos sard loba didad afasebs. me rom qarTveli viyo, gansa kuTrebuli mniSvnelobiT aRvniSnavdi saqarTvelos mier Sesrulebul valdebulebebs. is faqti, rom saqarTvelos wvlili Seaqvs sakuTari monawileobiT ufro mniSvnelovania, vidre politikuri kriteriu mi. saqarTvelo amas sakuTari qmedebiT adasturebs. saqarTvelom am yvelafers damoukideblad miaRwia. mniSvnelovania amerikis mxaris mier gaweuli dax mareba wvrTnebisa Tu Tavdacvis sferoSi samxedro gamocdilebis gaziarebis kuTxiT. aseve mniSvnelo vania baltiispireTis qveynebis gamocdilebis ga ziareba. TurqeTic exmareba saqarTvelos. ase rom aliansis wevri qveynebi mxars uWeren Tqvens qveya nas. saqarTvelo am daxmarebas produqtiulad da daniSnulebisamebr iyenebs. noembris Tvis erT-erTi umniSvnelovanesi movlena rusuli samxedro bazis saqarTvelos mxarisTvis gadacema iyo. rusuli mxaris gancxadebiT maT srulad Seasrules stambulis erToblivi xelSekrulebiT gaTvaliswinebuli valdebulebebi. aravin uaryofs, rom rusuli bazebis gayvana Zalian mniSvnelovani faqtia, Tumca gudauTis bazis sakiTxi isev gaurkveveli rCeba. TvliT, rom ruseTma bolomde Seasrula nakisri valdebulebebi? ra Tqma unda ara. sanam ruseTi akontrolebs gudau Tas ver vityviT, rom mas dakisrebuli valdeb ulebebi srulyofilad aqvs Sesrulebuli. vici, rom gudauTis sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT natos wevri qveynebi gamosavls eZeben, raTa moxdes ev ropaSi Cveulebrivi SeiaraRebuli Zalebis Sesaxeb xelSekrulebis ratificireba. gudauTa ruseTis mier erTerTi Seusrulebeli valdebulebaa. ma gram Tqven, qarTvelebma, unda icodeT, rom marto gudauTis sakiTxi ar rCeba ruseTis mier stambulis valdebulebebis Seusrulebel pirobad. 1999 wlis stambulis xelSekrulebiT gaTvaliswinebuli val debulebebidan, ruseTs bevri maTgani jer kidev ara aqvs Sesrulebuli. neba momeciT CamovTvalo: erT erTi yvelaze didi darRveva moldaveTis terito riaze rusuli jarebis ganTavsebaa. daaxloebiT 1500 rusi samxedro dgas dnestrispireTSi rusuli dro Sis qveS. dnestrispireTis jari warmoadgens rusul jars dnestrispireTis droSiT, sadac rusi ofi crebi da serJantebi msaxuroben. es rusuli sard lobis nawilia. maT rusuli mxaris mier utardebaT wvrTnebi da rusul SeiaraRebas floben, romelic24

One of the most important events of the previous month was the handover of the last Russian military base to the Georgian side. Russian side claims that it fully implemented all the commitments under the Istanbul Joint Statement. None denies the fact that withdrawal of the Russian Bases is a very important event but the issue of Gudauta Base still remains unclear. Do you think that Russia has implemented its obligations completely? of course, not. As long as russians are still controlling Gudauta, of course they havent implemented the commitments. i know there is a search for solution on Gudauta that would enable members of the nAto Alliance to ratify the treaty on conventional forces in europe. Gudauta is one of the unfulfilled commitments. But you, Georgians, must be aware that Gudauta is not the only unfulfilled istanbul commitments. there is a wide range of russian commitments from istanbul 1999 that are not fulfilled. let me list them: the biggest violation of those commitments is russian troops in moldova. Approximately 1 500 russian soldiers are under the russian flag. it has russian officers and non-commission officers. it is part of the russian chain of command. it has russian training and it has russian weaponry that was handed over by the russian military to the transdnistria army. that is one very big violation. the second big violation is so called unaccounted for treaty limited equipment. this is heavy weaponry that types that are limited by the treaty on conventional forces in europe and by the adopted treaty of 1999, there are five such categories of weapons that have quantitative ceilings put on them, russia is not to exceed certain ceilings and are subjects to inspection in order to count them and see whether or not they exceed the ceilings. there are places such as transdnistria in moldova, Abkhazia in Georgia, south ossetia in Georgia and a lot in karabachos where the russian military has handed over to local forces very large amount of treaty limited equipment who are unaccounted for because nobody can inspect them, nobody can count them. we know they are they, but we dont know the numbers. so that is another huge violation of istanbul commitments in four places: transdnistria, Abkhazia, south ossetia and karabachos. so clearly russia hasnt fulfilled these commitments. in my opinion, it would be necessary and very desirable for moldova, Georgia and Azerbaijan to consult with each other and to find a common approach to this problem, not to handle this problem each one of these countries in isolation but to increase their bargaining power and their political power by getting together and calling for solution to these problems. All three of them, all three countries, in that case, their position would be more influential and will carry greater weight in international conferences than in present situation when each country resolves these problems individually.

dnestrispireTs ruseTis mxarem gadasca. es ruse Tis mxridan erTerTi yvelaze didi darRvevaa. meore didi darRveva egreTwodebuli eCSZ (ev ropaSi Cveulebrivi SeiaraRebuli Zalebis Sesaxeb) xelSekrulebis Seusruleblobaa. es warmoadgens mZime SeiaraRebas, romelic evropaSi Cveulebrivi SeiaraRebis xelSekrulebiTa da 1999 wels miRe buli stambulis xelSekrulebiT izRudeba. Sez Rudva moicavs iaraRis xuT kategorias, romlebze dac `raodenobrivi zRvaria~ dawesebuli. ruseTma ar unda gadaaWarbos dawesebul kvotebs da unda tardebodes am SeiaraRebis Semowmeba da raodeno bis aRricxva, raTa ar moxdes dadgenili limitebis gadaWarbeba. viciT, rom es darRveva arsebobs, Tum ca ucnobia zusti ricxvebi. ase rom, es darRvevebi oTx adgilze arsebobs dnestrispireTi moldav eTSi, afxazeTi da samxreT oseTi saqarTveloSi da bevri adgili yarabaRSi. Cemi azriT aucilebelia da sasurvelic, saqarTvelom, moldaveTma da azerbai janma erTiani ZalisxmeviT moagvaron es problema. maTi gaerTianebuli politikuri Zala da erTiani pozicia ufro met gavlenas da zewolas moaxdens saerTaSoriso sazogadoebaze. miuxedavad ruseTis mxaris mtkicebisa, rom ukanasknelma rusma samxedrom datova saqarTvelos teritoria, samxreT oseTisa da afxazeTis konfliqtur zonebSi kvlav rCeba rusuli samSvidobo kontingenti. rogor SeafasebT, ramdenad efeqturad asruleben isini samSvidobo misias? fiqrobT, rom rusi cisferCafxutianebis sxva qveynis samSvidoboebiT Canacvleba mniSvnelovan cvlilebebs gamoiwvevs? gaaCnia pozicias. ruseTis azriT, isini sakmaod efeqturad asruleben samSvidobo misias. vici, rom qarTvelebi, moldavelebi da sxvebi fiqroben, rom rus samSvidoboTa misia araefeqturia. magram maTi moqmedebis efeqturoba damokidebulia sxvadasxva mosazrebaze. ruseTis TvalTaxedviT, isini Zalian warmatebiT asruleben samSvidobo misiebs, radganac maT ucxo teritoriebi aqvT dakavebuli esenia saqarTvelosa da moldaveTis de faqto aneqsire buli teritoriebi. mTeli msoflios masStabiT es gamonaklisi SemTxvevaa, rodesac erTi qveyana samS vidoboebze monopolias flobs. msoflioSi amgvari SemTxveva sxva ar arsebobs. ruseTma gaerTianebuli erebis organizaciasa da sxva saerTaSoriso or ganizaciebs bevrjer sTxova yofili sabWoTa kav Siris teritoriaze ruseTisTvis mieniWebina gansa kuTrebuli pasuxismgebloba, rogorc samSvidobo misiis ganmxorcielebel Zalas. ra Tqma unda, Tanx moba vercerTi organizaciis ver miiRo. magram ru seTs es misia akisria de faqtod, aRiarebis gareSe, Tumca saerTaSoriso sazogadoebis pozicia met naklebad tolerantulia. rusi samSvidoboebis mis iebi afxazeTSi, samxreT oseTsa da dnestrispireTSi ar eqvemdebareba arc gaeros an sxva organizaciis kriteriumebs. ufro metic, ruseTi ar SeiZleba iyos25

Despite Russias claims that the last Russian soldier has left the territory of Georgia, Russian peacekeeping military contingent

samSvidobo misiis ganmxorcielebeli, radganac is am konfliqtebSi erTerTi mxarea. is agresoria. igi ara marto am konfliqtebis Semadgeneli nawilia, aramed pirvel rigSi swored mas ekisreba konfliqtebis dawyebis saqmeSi pasuxismgebloba. igi saomari Zalis gamoyenebiT SeiWra orive teritoriaze. ase rom, ruseTi ar SeiZleba iyos samSvidobo misiis ganmxor cielebeli, rac CvenTvis Zalian kargad aris cnobi li. afxazeTSi rusuli samxedro Zalis Seyvanam eT nikuri wmenda gamoiwvia. es yvelaferi kargad aris cnobili, magram SeiZleba vinmem Tvalebi daxuWos. Cven da Cvenma yvela megobarma qveyanam mSvenivrad icis es. risi gakeTebaa SesaZlebeli? arsebuli samSvidobo operaciebi ori mimarTulebiT trans formacias saWiroebs: es aris misi saerTaSoriso da

still remains in the conflict zones of South Ossetia and Abkhazia. Your assessments, how effectively are they carrying out peacekeeping missions? Do you think that replacement of the Russian Blue Helmets by alternate peacekeeping forces of other countries will bring substantial changes? from the russian point of view they are very effective. i know Georgians also moldavians and others think that russian peacekeepers are ineffective. But it depends from whose point of view. from the russian point of view they are very effective because they are occupying foreign territory; they are simply de facto annexing territory of Georgia and moldova. And this is why they should get rid of them. this is a unique situation in the entire world when one country has a monopoly on peace-

eOrGiA hAS The hiGheST rATe Of SUppOrT fOr NATO MeMberShip Of All The COUNTrieS ThAT ever beCAMe ASpirANTS fOr NATOsamoqalaqo personaliT Canacvleba. vfiqrob, es op eraciebi SeiZleba upirveles yovlisa samoqalaqo samxedro elementebis saSualebiT, magram Seicavdes ZiriTadad SeuiaraRebel damkvirveblebs. SeiaraRe buli ZalebisTvis aranairi aucilebloba ar arse bobs, rom nebismieri sxva qveynidan moxdes cecxlis Sewyvetis monitoringi samxreT oseTSi, afxazeTsa da dnestrispireTSi. igives ganxorcieleba sakmaod kargad SeuZliaT samxedro damkvirveblebs, samo qalaqo damkvirveblebs, SeuiaraRebel damkvirveb lebs. rusi samxedroebis ar arsebobis SemTxvevaSi, situacia namdvilad ar aris saxifaTo. rodesac rusi samxedroebi iq arian, maSin ufro SesaZlebelia velodoT provokaciebs. magram rusi samxedroebis ararsebobis SemTxvevaSi, namdvilad ar arsebobs provokaciebis realuri mizezi. aravin aris dain teresebuli kidev axali SeiaraRebuli konfliqtis provocirebaSi. drodadro saqarTvelos mTavroba da parlamenti iniciativiT gamodis da saerTaSor iso organizaciebisgan rusuli samSvidobo opera ciebis transformacias iTxovs. iniciativebma ara nairi Sedegi ar gamoiRo. albaT imitom, rom amas ar qonda mudmivi xasiaTi. dro gamoSvebiT qveyndeba sa parlamento rezoluciebi an samTavrobo gancxade bebi, romelic sxvadasxva sakiTxis ganxilvas moiTx ovs. Cemi azriT, sakmarisi zomebi jer ar miuRiaT. vgulisxmob imas, ra Tqma unda, rom saqarTvelo am yvelafers sakmaod Zlierad grZnobs, saqarTvelos megobari qveynebic sakmaod Zlierad grZnoben amas. magram isev aucilebelia Tanmimdevruli saTanado nabijebis gadadgma saerTaSoriso organizaciebTan dakavSirebiTac. radganac gawevrianebis samoqmedo gegmaze gadasvlis miReba realuri perspeqtivaa.26

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keeping. you dont have any variants in the world. russia has asked to the united nations and other international organizations many times to recognize special responsibility for russia as peacekeeper on the territory of the former soviet union. of course, nobody has recognized such a role, but such a role exists de facto, unrecognized but tolerated. russian peacekeeping operations in Abkhazia, south ossetia and transnistria dont correspond to any of united nations or other criteria for peacekeeping troops. there is a whole set of criteria established by the united nations and followed worldwide about what constitute peacekeeping troops. russian troops on the territory of Georgia and moldova dont correspond to any of those criteria. moreover russia cant be a peacekeeper because, in fact, russia is a party to the conflicts. it is an aggressor. it is not only the party of these conflicts but it is a part which is responsible for starting these conflicts on the first base. it is the aggressor party. it has intervened militarily in both places. so russia cant qualify as peacekeeper. this we know very well. in Abkhazia the russian military intervention has resulted the ethnic cleansing which is still not reversed till the present day or reversed only with a small measure. so all this is well known. maybe some people close their eyes to these. But we know this; we and our friends know these facts very well. what to do? the existing peacekeeping operations need to undergo transformation in two ways: internationalization and civilianization. i think that these operations can be primarily civilian with military element to them but consisting predominantly of unarmed observers. there is no need for army troops from any country to observe the ceasefire in south ossetia and Abkhazia and transmistria: military observers, civilian observers, unarmed observers could

do the same thing very well. the situation is not really dangerous as long as russian military isnt there. when the russian military is there, you can expect provocations. But when the russian military isnt there, there is no real reason for provocations. nobody is interested in provoking another clash, another armed conflict. Georgia has from time to time in the government and in the parliament announced initiatives to demand from international organizations the transformation of russian peacekeeping operations. these initiatives havent produced results. Because in my opinion they havent been persuaded consistently. that has been from time to time parliamentary resolutions or governmental announcements that will demand this, will demand that. not enough has been done, in my opinion. i mean, of course, Georgia feels about this very strongly, Georgias friends feel about this very strongly, but it remains necessary to see greater consistence in greater continuity in taking the necessary steps in international organizations. As long as the prospect of getting membership Action plan from nAto is realistic prospect. then i could understand that Georgia should be quiet about the peacekeeping for a while and waits until it receives membership Action plan or even until it becomes a member of nAto, than try to transform these peacekeeping operations from a stronger position, from a position of a member of nAto. i could understand this; this may be the correct tactic. so much will depend on whether or how soon Georgia will get the membership Action plan and then actual nAto membership. the allies want predictable and tranquil Georgiarussia relations during this transitional period. this too is a new reaction. so perhaps it will be wise or necessary or advisable. let me rephrase this: perhaps it might be advisable for Georgia to take two stage approaches. first focus everything on becoming a member of nAto and demonstrating that it can do everything to normalize relations with russia. there is a member of nAto be in a stronger position to demand the transformation of the existing russian peacekeeping operations. i am just thinking out loud i am not sure what Georgian officials are thinking about this. it might be advisable to take this to stage approach. The position of the Georgian Government is to resolve the frozen conflicts peacefully. What is your opinion, what is the main reason that causes the stagnation of conflicts resolution process? In your opinion what is the best way to solve these conflicts? the Georgian government has tried a number of approaches during the course of the years. i mean peaceful approaches. for a long time they havent worked. recently i think the Georgian government has found some new approaches which seem, in my opinion, to be working and are promising. one is to set up on part of the secessionist territories, new administrative structures, loyal to the legitimate government in tbilisi. so we have the administration headed by dimitri sanakoev on part of the territory of south ossetia and the legitimate authorities of Abkhazia who control upper Abkhazia. these new developments have changed

kargad mesmis, rom samSvidoboebTan dakavSire biT, saqarTvelos es kursi droebiT SeCerebuli aqvs, radgan gawevrianebis samoqmedo gegmaze gad asvlas an Tundac natos sruluflebian wevrobas elis. am problemis mogvarebas saqarTvelo ufro Zlieri, natos wevri qveynis poziciidan Seecdeba. am SemTxvevaSi es swori taqtikaa. ase rom, yvelaferi damokidebulia imaze, Tu ramdenad swrafad mi iRebs saqarTvelo gawevrianebis samoqmedo gegmas da gaxdeba natos sruluflebiani wevri. natos wevr qveynebs gardamavali periodis ganmavlobaSi saqarTveloruseTis mSvidi da gawonasworebuli urTierToba surT. es aseve axali reaqciaa. ase rom, SesaZloa es iyos ufro gonivruli, aucilebeli an sasurveli. neba momeciT movaxdino aRniSnulis perifrazireba: saqarTvelosTvis sasurvelia am problemis mogvarebas etapobrivad miudges. pirvel rigSi unda ecados gaxdes natos wevri qveyana da Camoayalibos normaluri urTierToba ruseTTan. amis Semdeg, rogorc ukve natos sruluflebian qveyanas, mas ukve SeeZleba moiTxovos rusi samSvi doboebis Canacvleba. me ubralod xmamaRla vfiqrob SesaZlo variantebze. saqarTvelos xelisuflebis pozicia gayinuli konfliqtebis mSvidobiani gziT mogvarebaa. rogoria Tqveni azri, ra iwvevs konfliqtebis gadaWris stagnaciis mizezs? Tqveni azriT, rogoria konfliqtebis gadaWris saukeTeso gza? wlebis ganmavlobaSi saqarTvelos mTavroba cdi lobs konfliqtebis mSvidobiani gziT mogvare bas sxvadasxvanairad miudges. sakmaod didi xnis ganmavlobaSi am sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT araferi keTdeboda. vfiqrob, rom bolo periodSi saqarT velos mTavrobas konfliqtebTan mimarTebaSi ra modenime midgoma aqvs napovni, rac Cemi azriT, dadebiTia da optimisturic. erTerTi maTgania separatistul teritoriebze centraluri mTavro bisadmi loialuri axali administraciuli struq turis Seqmna. samxreT oseTis teritoriaze saqarT velos ukve aqvs droebiTi administracia dimitri sanakoevis xelmZRvanelobiT da aseve afxazeTis legitimuri mTavroba, romelic zeda afxazeTs akontrolebs. aRniSnulma axalma iniciativeb ma safuZvlianad Secvala situacia saqarTvelos sasargeblod. saqarTvelos legitimuri mTavrobis mier SemoqmedebiTi da mamaci nabijebi idgmeba. CemT vis es imis maCvenebelia, rom qarTveli xalxi axali midgomis Ziebas didi yuradRebiT miudga da ipovna kidec. me mxars vuWer amas. es ukve politikuri Seji bria Tbilisisa da moskovis legitimur mTavrobebs Soris afxazeTisa da samxreT oseTisaTvis. saqarT velo evropuli orientaciis qveyanaa. naTlad Cans, rom 2004 wlidan zemo afxazeTisa da qurTas xelmZ Rvaneloba afxazeTisa da samxreT oseTis mosax leobas pirvelad sTavazobs evropul arCevans. miuxedavad maTi eTnikurobis an erovnulobisa, samxreT oseTisa da afxazeTis mosaxleoba, asobiT27

wlebis ganmavlobaSi cxovrobda srul provincial ur izolaciaSi da evropis Sesaxeb warmodgenac ar hqondaT. garda izolaciisa, maTi msoflmxedveloba moskovze iyo orientirebuli. maTTvis moskovi sam yaros centri iyo da sabWoTa kavSiris satelevizio propagandis, mogvianebiT ki rusuli sateleviz io propagandis gavlenas ganicdidnen. amJamad ki situacia pirvelad Seicvala, vinaidan saqarTvelos gadawyvetili aqvs evropuli mimarTulebiT iaros. ase rom, samxreT oseTisa da afxazeTis mosaxleobas is istoriuli Sansi aqvT, romelic maT mTeli arse bobis ganmavlobaSi ar hqoniaT es aris evropisken swrafva da Tu maT sworad aqvT gadawyvetili, ma Sin saqarTvelos unda miyvnen evropisken. es axali mdgomareobaa, romelic konfliqtebTan dakavSire biT ZalTa Tanafardobis mTlian cvlilebas gamoi wvevs. saqarTvelos aqvs Sansi samxreT oseTisa da afxazeTis konfliqtebis mSvidobiani gziT mogvare bisa SesTavazos maT mosaxleobas airCion gayvnen Tu ara saqarTvelos evropuli integraciisaken. es didi arCevani da SesaZleblobaa. moxaruli var, rom saqarTvelos es gaTavisebuli aqvs. ra Tqma unda, Zalian bevri ram damokidebulia saqarTvelos Sida reformebze, radganac saqarTvelos yvela Sida re forma evropaSi `Sesasvleli bileTia~. reformebi warmatebuli iqneba im SemTxvevaSi, Tu saqarTvelo mimzidveli gaxdeba afxazeTisa da samxreT oseTis mosaxleobisaTvis. amis Semdeg mTeli situacia Zir fesvianad Seicvleba. aqedan gamomdinare saqarT velo cdilobs soxumis xelmZRvanelobasTan awar moos molaparakebebi rusuli mxaris Carevis gareSe. ruseTi `gamarTulebeli faqtoria~. Tu Tbilissa da soxums Soris diskusiebi ruseTis warmomadgenlebis TandaswrebiT warimarTeba, romlebic afxazi warmo madgenlebis zurgs ukan moqmedeben da eubnebian ra unda Tqvan an rogor unda imoqmedon. maSin ra Tqma unda, dialogis warmarTva amaoa. magram Tu Tbilis sa da soxums Soris pirdapiri dialogi warimarTeba ruseTis mxaris gareSe, maSin saqarTvelos sasarge blod situaciis Sesacvlelad ukeTes Sansebs vxe dav. vfiqrob, es mxolod dasawyisia da Tbilisma aRebuli kursiT unda gaagrZelos moqmedeba. paraskevs ruseTma xeli moawera kanons eSCZ xelSekrulebaSi ruseTis monawileobis droebiTi SeCerebis Sesaxeb. uqmnis Tu ara es gadawyvetileba safrTxes evropas? am kiTxvaze pasuxis gacema advili ar iqneba, rad ganac damokidebulia imaze, Tu evropis romel nawilzea saubari. zogierT evropul qveyanaze es saerTod ar axdens gavlenas. zogierTi ki pirda pir ganicdis zegavlenas, gansakuTrebiT norve gia da TurqeTi. norvegia yvelaze metad. norveg ias ruseTTan saxmeleTo kavSiri aqvs. Cveulebrivi SeiaraRebis Sesaxeb xelSekrulebidan gamosvlis SemTxvevaSi, ruseTi Tavisuflad ganaTavsebs didi raodenobiT samxedro Zalas norvegiis sazRvarze. norvegiis mxaris gancxadebebidan da moqmedebe28

the situation on the ground significantly in Georgias favor. these are very creative steps, very courageous steps from tbilisi. to me this is a demonstration that some people in tbilisi are sitting down and thinking very creatively and with great dedication about new approaches and they found this new approach which is very promising. i support this very much. there is already a political competition between the authorities loyal to tbilisi and the authorities loyal to moscow in Abkhazia and south ossetia. Georgia is a european oriented state. it is clearly seen since 2004 the authorities in upper Abkhazia and in kurta, south ossetia is offering the population of south ossetia and Abkhazia for the first time european choice. the people of south ossetia and Abkhazia, regardless of ethnicity or nationality of this people, have lived for hundred of years in complete provincial isolation; they had no idea about europe. there were isolated but also they world outlook centered on moscow. to them moscow was the center of the universe. they did not know anything else. they had strong influence of soviet union television propaganda, later russian television propaganda. this situation is now changing for the first time, because Georgia has decided to go in the european direction. so the people of south ossetia and Abkhazia have historic chance which they never had during their entire existence, to look to europe. if they decide so to follow Georgia into europe. this is a brand new situation that changes entirely the correlation of forces regarding these conflicts. Georgia has a chance to solve these conflicts peacefully by offering the people of south ossetia and Abkhazia the european choice by telling them - you can follow us with Georgia into europe if you choose. it is a huge change and huge opportunity and i am very glad that Georgia is capitalizing of this opportunity. of course, very much is depend on Georgias all internal reforms, because Georgias all internal reforms are entrance ticket to europe. so those reforms are successfully if Georgia becomes attractive to the population of Abkhazia and south ossetia then the whole situation on the ground will change. now already at this point Georgia is trying to enter into a dialogue with the leaders in sokhumi without the participation of russia. russia is of course a spoiling factor. if discussions between tbilisi and sokhumi take place in the presence of russian representatives who are looking over the shoulders of Abkhaz representatives telling them what to say, telling them what to do, than of course, the dialogue is pointless. But if direct dialogue could be started between tbilisi and sokhumi without russian participation, the sincere dialogue, then again i see better chances for attracting, for changing the situation in Georgias favor. i think this is beginning. it is not only the beginning of this role, it is a promising role and i think tbilisi should continue on this road. On Friday Russia signed a law suspending Russias participation in CFE Treaty. Will this decision add to uncertainty about the security situation in Europe? the answer is not simple, because it depends on which part of europe we are talking about. some european countries are not

affected at all. other european countries are directly effected especially norway and turkey. norway - most of all. norway is really worried; norway shares a land border with russia. norway is worrying that by abandoning the cfe treaty, russia will now be free to concentrate large military forces on the border of norway. we can see from norwegian statements and actions that the norwegians are worried and they would like for the cfe treaty to be ratified, even if russia hasnt fulfilled its istanbul commitments in order to maintain the quantitative ceilings on forces that russia can deploy on the northern flange. we are talking about the land forces. turkey is somewhat worried for the same reason but not as much as norway because turkey doesnt have a land border with russia. Georgia is in between. of course, this gives turkey a very strong motive and incentive to make sure that Georgia remains independent and that there is no russian subversion of Georgias independence. Because if that happens than turkey will again face russia directly on the coast land border. so this situation gives turkey strong incentive to support Georgias complete independence. other european countries and also the united states are worried for different reasons. the cfe treaty includes very developed system of verification and inspection and exchanges of information. if the treaty is not ratified than this system can not operate and will not operate. to many countries the opportunity to be part of this system is even more important than the quantitative

bidan SegviZlia vnaxoT Tu rogor awuxebs nor vegias es sakiTxi da surT Cveulebrivi SeiaraRe bis xelSekrulebis ratificireba, maSinac roca ruseTs ar Seusrulebia stambulis valdebulebebi, `raodenobrivi zRvaris~ SenarCuneba, man SesaZloa CrdiloeTis sazRvarTan Zalebi ganalagos. saubar ia saxmeleTo Zalebze. TurqeTsac awuxebs igive sakiTxi, magram ara ise rogorc norvegias, radganac TurqeTs ruseTTan saxmeleTo kavSiri ara aqvs. maT Soris saqarTveloa. ra Tqma unda, es TurqeTs Zalian Zlier motivacias aZlevs darwmundes, rom saqarTvelo damoukidebelia da rom ruseTis mxri dan damoukideblobas safrTxe ar emuqreba. es situ acia TurqeTs Zlier motivacias aZlevs, rom mxari dauWiros saqarTvelos srul damoukideblobas. evropis sxvadasxva qveynebi da amerikis SeerTebuli Statebi sxvadasxva mizezis gamo SeSfoTebulia. eCSZ xelSekruleba moicavs verifikacias, gadamowme basa da informaciis gacvlas. Tu xelSekruleba ar iqneba ratificirebuli, mas ar SeeZleba moqmedeba. bevri qveynisTvis am sistemis SemadgenlobaSi yof nis SesaZlebloba ufro mniSvnelovania, vidre Za lebze `raodenobrivi zRvari~. swored amitom bevri qveyana SemoqmedebiT gzas eZebs, rom rogorme moax dinos am xelSekrulebis ratificireba da daarwmu nos `raodenobrivi zRvaris~ mudmivad moqmedebasa da informaciis gadacvlis mravalferovnebas, gad29

amowmebasa da gadacvlaze. Tumca ruseTs sruliad gansxvavebuli mizani aqvs. ivnisSi venaSi gamarTu li molaparakebebisas ruseTma naTlad dagvanaxa Tavisi pozicia, rom mas xelSekrulebis ara marto ratificireba surs, aramed dasaxuli aqvs sruliad axali mizani, romelic mimdinare wlis ivnisSi erT gvari siurprizic iyo. misi mizania sruliad axali xelSekrulebis Seqmna, sadac ruseTs calmxrivi up iratesoba eqneba, radganac misTvis miuRebelia 1990 wlis an 1999 wels adaptirebuli xelSekrulebis nak isri valdebulebebi. SemiZlia vTqva, rom es mxolod ruseTis iluziaa. dae, ruseTma daarRvios stambu lis xelSekrulebiT nakisri valdebulebebi, xolo Cven movaxdinoT adaptirebuli xelSekrulebis ratificireba. amis Semdeg yvelaferi kargad iqne ba, radganac ruseTma ukve mkafiod ganacxada, rom surs xelSekrulebis Tavidan Seqmna. xelSekruleb is xelmeored Seqmnis xuTi moTxovna arsebobs, rom lis Tanaxmadac ruseTi ufro gaaZlierebs Tavis poziciebs evropaSi. im SemTxvevaSi, Tu ruseTi ug ulebelyofs xelSekrulebas, misTvis SeuZlebeli iqneba dauyovnebliv aRadginos Cveulebrivi Sei araReba evropaSi. amas ramodenime weli dasWird eba. navTobisa da gazis vaWrobiT miRebuli maRali Semosavali da ruseTis mTavrobis xelSi arsebuli simdidre, ruseTs saSualebas miscems Seqmnas Zlieri Cveulebrivi SeiaraReba, raTa aRadginos Zlieri Cveulebrivi SeiaraReba evropaSi. ramodenime wlis Semdeg Cven evropaSi Cveulebrivi SeiaraRebis Se jibris momswreni viqnebiT, radganac ruseTi Tavisi Zalebis modernizebas axdens, zrdis maT SesaZle blobebs TavdasxmiTi ieriSebisTvis. xolo evropas sapasuxo reaqciis garda araferi darCeba. ra rekomendaciebs miscemT saqarTvelos Tavdacvis saministros da ras usurvebdiT Cvens qveyanas axali wlisTvis? Tavdacvis sferoSi gaagrZeleT ise, rogorc aqamde moqmedebdiT. Tqven warmatebiT asrulebT yve lafers. TqvenTvis momavali weli gansakuTrebuli iqneba, radganac ianvarSi saprezidento arCevnebi gaqvT, xolo Semdeg natos samiti, sadac saqarT velo imedovnebs natosTan mimarTebaSi dRevandel statusze maRali statusi miiRos. bolo wlebis ganmavlobaSi saqarTvelo mudmivad da warmatebu lad miiwevs win. erovnuli Sida produqtis maCven eblis ormag zrdas udidesi mniSvneloba aqvs, gan sakuTrebiT ki ruseTis satransporto blokadisa da savaWro embargos pirobebSi. amgvar pirobebSi qveynis ekonomikurad ormagad zrda STambeWdavi Sedegia. imedi maqvs, rom sruliad saqarTvelos mosaxleoba da ara mxolod umravlesoba demokrati isadmi udides pasuxismgeblobasa da Tanamedrove midgomas gamoxatavs.

ceilings on forces. so