侵害訴訟にみるソフトウェア特許 : 特許庁と裁判所 …...知的財産法政策学研究 Vol.51(2018) 155 論 説 侵害訴訟にみるソフトウェア特許 -特許庁と裁判所の「連携プレイ」と裁判所の
米国 特許審査便覧(MPEP) 第2100章 特許性 米国 特許審査便覧(MPEP) 第2100章...
Transcript of 米国 特許審査便覧(MPEP) 第2100章 特許性 米国 特許審査便覧(MPEP) 第2100章...
1
(MPEP)
2100
92015 11
2101-2102 []
2103 [R-07.2015]
2104 [R-07.2015]
2105 [R-07.2015]
2106 [R-07.2015]
2106.01 []
2107 [R-11.2013]
2107.01 [R-11.2013]
2107.02 [R-11.2013]
2107.03 [R-08.2012]
2108-2110 []
2111 [R-07.2015]
2111.01 [R-07.2015]
2111.02 [R-08.2012]
2111.03 [R-08.2012]
2111.04 (Adapted to)(Adapted for)
(Wherein)(Whereby)[R-07.2015]
2111.05 [R-07.2015]
2112 [R-07.2015]
2112.01 [R-07.2015]
2112.02 [R-07.2015]
2113 [R-08.2012]
2114 [R-07.2015]
2
2115 [R-07.2015]
2116 []
2116.01 [R-08.2012]
2117-2120 []
2121 [R-08.2012]
2121.01 [R-08.2012]
2121.02 [R-08.2012]
2121.03 [R-08.2012]
2121.04 [R-08.2012]
2122 [R-08.2012]
2123 [R-08.2012]
2124 [R-
11.2013]
2124.01 [R-08.2012]
2125 [R-08.2012]
2126 102 (a) 102 (a)(b)(d)
[R-11.2013]
2126.01 [R-11.2013]
2126.02
[R-11.2013]
2127 [R-07.2015]
2128 [R-11.2013]
2128.01 [R-07.2015]
2128.02 [R-08.2012]
2129 [R-08.2012]
2130 []
2131 102 [R-11.2013]
2131.01 102 [R-11.2013]
3
2131.02 [R-11.2013]
2131.03 [R-07.2015]
2131.04 [R-08.2012]
2131.05 [R-08.2012]
2132 102 (a) [R-11.2013]
2132.01 102 (a) [R-11.2013]
2133 102 (b) [R-07.2015]
2133.01 (CIP)[R-11.2013]
2133.02 [R-11.2013]
2133.03 [R-11.2013]
2133.03(a) [R-11.2013]
2133.03(b) [R-11.2013]
2133.03(c) [R-11.2013]
2133.03(d) [R-11.2013]
2133.03(e) [R-11.2013]
2133.03(e)(1) [R-11.2013]
2133.03(e)(2) [R-11.2013]
2133.03(e)(3) [R-11.2013]
2133.03(e)(4) [R-11.2013]
2133.03(e)(5) [R-11.2013]
2133.03(e)(6) [R-11.2013]
2133.03(e)(7) [R-11.2013]
2134 102 (c) [R-11.2013]
2135 102 (d) [R-11.2013]
2135.01 102 (d) 4[R-11.2013]
2136 102 (e) [R-11.2013]
2136.01 [R-11.2013]
2136.02 [R-11.2013]
2136.03 [R-11.2013]
2136.04 [R-11.2013]
2136.05 102 (e)[R-11.2013]
2137 102(f) [R-11.2013]
2137.01 [R-07.2015]
2137.02 103 (c) [R-11.2013]
4
2138 102 (g) [R-11.2013]
2138.01 [R-11.2013]
2138.02 [R-11.2013]
2138.03 [R-11.2013]
2138.04 [R-11.2013]
2138.05 [R-11.2013]
2138.06 [R-11.2013]
2139-2140 []
2141 103 [R-07.2015]
2141.01 [R-11.2013]
2141.01(a) [R-08.2012]
2141.02 [R-08.2012]
2141.03 [R-08.2012]
2142 [R-07.2015]
2143 [R-08.2012]
2143.01 [R-11.2013]
2143.02 [R-08.2012]
2143.03 [R-08.2012]
2144 103 [R-07.2015]
2144.01 [R-08.2012]
2144.02 [R-08.2012]
2144.03 [R-08.2012]
2144.04 [R-11.2013]
2144.05 [R-07.2015]
2144.06 [R-08.2012]
2144.07 [R-08.2012]
2144.08 [R-07.2015]
2144.09 ()[R-08.2012]
2145 [R-08.2012]
2146 103 (c)[R-11.2013]
2147-2149 []
2150 102 103
5
[R-11.2013]
2151 102 103 [R-11.2013]
2152 102 (a)(b) [R-11.2013]
2152.01 [R-11.2013]
2152.02 102 (a)(1)(
) [R-11.2013]
2152.02(a) [R-11.2013]
2152.02(b) [R-11.2013]
2152.02(c) [R-11.2013]
2152.02(d) [R-11.2013]
2152.02(e) [R-11.2013]
2152.02(f) [R-11.2013]
2152.03 [R-11.2013]
2152.04 [R-11.2013]
2153 102 (a)(1) 102 (b)(1)
( 102 (b)(1) 102 (a)(1)
) [R-11.2013]
2153.01 102 (a)(1) 102
(b)(1)(A)(
) [R-11.2013]
2153.01(a) [R-11.2013]
2153.01(b) [R-11.2013]
2153.02 102 (a)(1) 102
(b)(1)(B) ()
[R-11.2013]
2154
[R-11.2013]
2154.01 102 (a)(2) [R-11.2013]
2154.01(a) WIPO [R-11.2013]
2154.01(b) 102 (d) [R-
11.2013]
2154.01(c) [R-11.2013]
2154.02 102 (a)(2) 102 (b)(2)
[R-11.2013]
2154.02(a) 102 (a)(2) 102 (b)(2)(A)
() [R-11.2013]
2154.02(b) 102 (a)(2) 102 (b)(2)(B)
6
() [R-11.2013]
2154.02(c) 102 (a)(2) 102 (b)(2)(C)
() [R-11.2013]
2155 1.130
[R-07.2015]
2155.01 [R-11.2013]
2155.02
[R-11.2015]
2155.03
[R-
11.2013]
2155.04 [R-11.2013]
2155.05 1.130 [R-11.2013]
2155.06 [R-11.2013]
2156 [R-11.2013]
2157 [R-07.2015]
2158 103 [R-07.2015]
2159
[R-11.2013]
2159.01 2013 3 16 [R-11.2013]
2159.02 2013 3 16 [R-11.2013]
2159.03 2013 3 16
[R-11.2013]
2159.04 2013 3 16
[R-11.2013]
2160 []
2161 112(a)11213
[R-07.2015]
2161.01 112 (a) 112
1[R-07.2015]
2162 112 (a) 112 1[R-11.2013]
2163 112 (a) 112 1
7
[R-07.2015]
2163.01 [R-11.2013]
2163.02 [R-11.2013]
2163.03 [R-07.2015]
2163.04 [R-11.2013]
2163.05 [R-07.2015]
2163.06 [R-11.2013]
2163.07 [R-08.2012]
2163.07(a) [R-08.2012]
2163.07(b) [R-11.2013]
2164 [R-11.2013]
2164.01 [R-08.2012]
2164.01(a) [R-08.2012]
2164.01(b) [R-08.2012]
2164.01(c) [R-11.2013]
2164.02 [R-11.2013]
2164.03 [R-08.2012]
2164.04 [R-11.2013]
2164.05 [R-08.2012]
2164.05(a) [R-08.2012]
2164.05(b) [R-08.2012]
2164.06 [R-08.2012]
2164.06(a) [R-07.2015]
2164.06(b) [R-08.2012]
2164.06(c) [R-07.2015]
2164.07 101 [R-11.2013]
2164.08 [R-11.2013]
2164.08(a) [R-11.2013]
2164.08(b) [R-08.2012]
2164.08(c) [R-08.2012]
2165 [R-11.2013]
2165.01 [R-11.2013]
2165.02 [R-11.2013]
2165.03 [R-11.2013]
2165.04 [R-08.2012]
2166-2170 []
2171 112 (b) 112 2 2 [R-
8
11.2013]
2172 [R-11.2013]
2172.01 [R-11.2013]
2173 [R-11.2013]
2173.01 [R-07.2015]
2173.02 [R-07.2015]
2173.03 () [R-07.2015]
2173.04 [R-07.2015]
2173.05 112 (b) 112 2
[R-112013]
2173.05(a) [R-07.2015]
2173.05(b) [R-07.2015]
2173.05(c) [R-11.2013]
2173.05(d) ((for example)(such as)) [R-
07.2015]
2173.05(e) [R-07.2015]
2173.05(f) [R-11.2013]
2173.05(g) [R-07.2015]
2173.05(h) [R-11.2013]
2173.05(i) [R-11.2013]
2173.05(j) [R-11.2013]
2173.05(k) [R-08.2012]
2173.05(l) []
2173.05(m) [R-08.2012]
2173.05(n) [R-11.2013]
2173.05(o) [R-08.2012]
2173.05(p)
[R-11.2013]
2173.05(q) Use()[R-11.2013]
2173.05(r) [R-11.2013]
2173.05(s) [R-08.2012]
2173.05(t) [R-11.2013]
2173.05(u) [R-11.2013]
2173.05(v) [R-11.2013]
2173.06 [R-07.2015]
2174 112 (a)(b) 112 1 2
[R-11.2013]
9
2175-2180 []
2181 112 (f) 112 6
[R-07.2015]
2182 [R-11.2013]
2183 [R-11.2013]
2184 [R-
11.2013]
2185 112 (a)(b) 112 1 2
[R-07.2015]
2186 [R-11.2013]
2187-2189 []
2190 [R-08.2012]
10
2101-2102 []
2103 [R-07.2015]
I.
1
(USPTO)
USPTO
USPTO
USPTO
A.
(Brenner v. Manson, 383 U.S. 519, 528-36, 148 USPQ 689, 693-96 (1966) Fisher, 421
F.3d 1365, 76 USPQ2d 1225 (Fed. Cir. 2005) Ziegler, 992 F.2d 1197, 1200-03, 26
USPQ2d 1600, 1603-06 (Fed. Cir. 1993))
USPTO
()
MPEP
2107 11
B.
11
USPTO
(A)
()
(B) 1
USPTO
C.
USPTO
1
Hiniker Co., 150 F.3d
1362, 1369, 47 USPQ2d 1523, 1529 (Fed. Cir. 1998)(
)
USPTO
USPTO
USPTO
(A)
(B) (adapted to))(adapted for)
(C) (wherein)
(D) (whereby)
Griffin v.Bertina, 285 F.3d 1029, 1034, 62 USPQ2d 1431(Fed. Cir. 2002)(
12
)MPEP2111.02 2111.04 USPTO
MPEP2111
USPTO
Kemco Sales, Inc. v. Control Papers Company, Inc., 208 F.3d 1352, 54 USPQ2d
1308 (Fed. Cir. 2000)MPEP2181 MPEP
2186
USPTO
USPTO
Diamond v. Diehr, 450 U.S. 175, 188-89, 209 USPQ 1, 9 (1981)(
101
)
II.
101 USPTO
USPTO ,
112 (f) 112 6 MPEP2181 MPEP2186
III. 101
A. 101
101
13
101 4
3
(
) 100 (b)((
)
)
4
()Alice
Corp. Pty. Ltd. v. CLS Bank Int'l, 573 U.S. _, 134 S. Ct. 2347, 2354, 110USPQ2d
1976, 1980 (2014) (Association for Molecular Pathology v. Myriad Genetics, Inc.,
569U.S. _, 133 S. Ct. 2107, 2116, 106 USPQ2d 1972,1979 (2013)) Bilski v.
Kappos, 561U.S.593, 601, 130 S. Ct. 3218, 3225, 95 USPQ2d1001, 1005-06 (2010)
(Diamond v.Chakrabarty, 447 U.S. 303, 309, 206 USPQ 193,197 (1980))
Alice
Corp.,134 S. Ct. at 2354, 110 USPQ2d at 1980 (Bilski, 561 U.S. at 611-612, 95 USPQ2d
at 1010 )(
,,)
[]
Gottschalk v. Benson, 409 U.S. 63, 71, 72, 175 USPQ 673, 676 (1972)
1852 LeRoy v. Tatham, 55 U.S. 156, 175
(1852)(
)
Mayo
Collaborative Serv. v.Prometheus Labs., Inc., 566 U.S. _, 132 S. Ct. 1289,1293,
101 USPQ2d 1961, 1965 (2012) ( Gottschalk v. Benson, 409 U.S. 63, 67, 97, 175USPQ
673, 675 (1972))
Alice Corp., 134 S. Ct. at 2354,110 USPQ2d at 1980 (Mayo, 132 S.
Ct. at1293, 101 USPQ2d at 1965 )
,
Alice, 134 S. Ct. at 2354, 110USPQ2d at 1980 (Mayo, 132 S. Ct. at 1293,101 USPQ2d
at 1965 )
Alice, 134S. Ct. at 2354, 110 USPQ2d at
14
1980-81 (Diamond v. Diehr, 450 U.S. 174, 187 (1981))
Alice, 134 S. Ct. at 2354, 110 USPQ2dat 1980 (Benson,
409 U.S. at 67, 175 USPQ at 675 )
Mayo, 132 S. Ct. at1294, 101 USPQ2d at 1965 101
Alice, 134 S. Ct. at 2360, 110 USPQ2d
at 1985 (Mayo 132S. Ct. at 1294, 101 USPQ2d at 1966 )
,
,Mayo
Collaborative Serv. v. Prometheus Labs., Inc., 566 U.S. _, 132 S. Ct. 1289, 1301,
101 USPQ2d1961, 1966 (2013)Alice,
134 S. Ct. at2355, 110 USPQ2d at 1981 Mayo
MPEP2106 1
(,)
2
2
Alice, 134 S. Ct. at 2355,110 USPQ2d at 1981 (Mayo 132 S. Ct. at1294, 101 USPQ2d
at 1966 )
Bilski v. Kappos, 561 U.S.593, 130 S. Ct. 3218, 95 USPQ2d 1001 (2010)
101
101
,
(
)
101
112 102 103
Bilski
101 1
101102
103 112
112 102 103
15
101
101
MPEP2106
101 ,
MPEP2107
IV. 112
A. 112 (b) 112 2
112 (b) 112 2 2
(A)
(B)
112 (b)
11221(MPEP2171MPEP2172.01
)
112 (b) 112 2
2
MPEP2181
2186
112 (b) 112 2
MPEP2173
MPEP2181 MPEP2186
MPEP2173
B. 112 (a) 112 1
112 (a) 112 3
(A)
(B)
(C)
1.
16
MPEP2163
2.
112 (a) 112 1
MPEP2164
3.
2
(1)
(2)
MPEP2165
Fonar Corp. v. General Elec.Co.,
107 F.3d 1543, 1548-49, 41 USPQ2d at 1804-05
V. 102 103
102 103
102
103 MPEP2131 MPEP
2146
102 USPTO
103
VI.
USPTO 101 112 102 103
17
2104 [R-07.2015]
101
101 4
11
2
MPEP804
2( 1.41(b))2012 9 16
2012 9 16
MPEP2137.01
MPEP602.01(c)
101115MPEP706.03(a),IV(102
102 (f))
3 4
1
MPEP2106
MPEP2105
4
MPEP2107
18
2105 [R-07.2015]
I.
Diamond v. Chakrabarty, 447 U.S. 303, 206 USPQ 193 (1980)
101
Chakrabarty ,
(AIA) 112-29, sec. 33(a), 125 Stat.
284(2011 9 16 )
II.
A.
Chakrabarty 4
1
Chakrabarty
1. 101
2. (any)
3.
5 Writings of Thomas Jefferson, 75-76 Washington ed. 1871)Graham v.
John Deere Co., 383 U.S. 1, 7-10,148 USPQ459, 462-464 (1966) 1836
1870 1874 1952
(art)(process)
1952
S. Rep. No. 1979,82d Cong., 2d Sess., 5 (1952)
H. R. Rep. No.1923, 82d Cong., 2d Sess., 6 (1952)
4.
Chakrabarty
101
Chakrabarty
101 Ex parte Allen, 2
USPQ2d 1425 (Bd. Pat. App. & Inter. 1987)
19
101
Allen PTO
101
PTO (1077 O.G. 24, April
21, 1987)
( 161 164 )
(7 U.S.C.()2321 )
101
J.E.M. Ag Supply, Inc. v. Pioneer Hi-Bred Intl, Inc.,
534 U.S. 124, 143-46, 122 S.Ct. 593,605-06, 60 USPQ2d 1865, 1874 (2001)( 101
)Chakrabarty
1930
2[
]
S.
Rep. No. 315, 71st Cong., 2d Sess., 6-8 (1930)H.R. Rep. No. 1129, 71st Cong., 2d
Sess., 7-9 (1930) Ex parte Hibberd, 227 USPQ 443 (Bd. Pat. App. & Inter. 1985)
101
MPEP2106I
B.
Chakrabarty
1. 101
2.
E=mc2
3.
[]
4. Funk Brothers Seed Co. & Kalo Inoculant Co., 333 U.S.127, 76 USPQ 280 (1948)
20
101
Chakrabarty
MPEP2106, II
Chakrabarty, 447
U.S. at 310 Roslin Institute (Edinburgh), 750 F.3d 1333, 1336,110 USPQ2d
1668, 1671 (Fed. Cir. 2014)Roslin
-,
(Dolly)
Roslin, 750 F.3d at
1337,110 USPQ2d at 1671
www.uspto. gov/patent/ laws-and - regulations/examination-
policy/2014-interim-guidance-subject-matter-eligibility-0 2014
Interim Guidance on Patent Subject Matter Eligibility, 79Fed. Reg. 74618 (2014 12
16 )MPEP2106, II
III.
(AIA), 112-29, sec. 33(a), 125 Stat. 284
(USPTO)
157 Cong. Rec. E1177-04(2004, 108-199, 634, 118 Stat. 3, 101
Dave Weldon
149 Cong. Rec. E2417-01 ) 33 (a)
USPTO
101
33 (a) 7.04.03
MPEP706.03(a)
21
102
103 112
22
2106 [R-07.2015]
101 2
(1) 4 1
(2)
2
I. 4
14
14 1
101
4
i. 1Gottschalk v. Benson, 409 U.S. 63, 70,
175 USPQ 673, 676 (1972)(
1()(Cochrane v. Deener,
94 U.S. 780,788, 24 L. Ed. 139, 1877 Dec. Comm'r Pat. 242(1876)))NTP, Inc.
v. Research in Motion, Ltd., 418F.3d 1282, 1316, 75 USPQ2d 1763, 1791 (Fed. Cir.
2005)((Minton v. Natl. Assn. of Securities Dealers,
336F.3d 1373, 336 F.3d 1373, 1378, 67 USPQ2d 1614,1681 (Fed. Cir. 2003)))
100 (b)Bilski v. Kappos, 561 U.S.593, 130 S. Ct. 3218, 95USPQ2d 1001
(2010)
ii. Burr v. Duryee, 68
U.S. (1 Wall.) 531, 570,17 L. Ed. 650 (1863)
Corning v. Burden, 56 U.S. 252, 267, 14 L. Ed. 683 (1854)
iii.
Diamonds.
Chakrabarty, 447 U.S. 303, 308, 206 USPQ 193,197 (1980) () (Am. Fruit
Growers, Inc. v. Brogdex Co., 283 U.S. 1, 11, 51 S. Ct. 328, 75 L. Ed. 801, 1931
(Dec. Comm'r Pat. 711(1931)))
iv.
2
Chakrabarty, 447U.S. at 308, 206 USPQ at 197
1
i. ()Nuijten, 500 F.3d
1346, 1357,84 USPQ2d 1495, 1503 (Fed. Cir. 2007)
ii.(AIA) 112-29, sec. 33, 125Stat. 284(2011
23
9 16 )
iii. 2 Ferguson, 558 F.3d 1359, 1364,90 USPQ2d 1035, 1039-
40 (Fed. Cir. 2009) ()
iv. Gottschalk v. Benson, 409 U.S. at 72, 175 USPQ at
676-77
v. Ferguson, 558 F.3d at 1366, 90USPQ at 1040
vi. Miller, 418 F.2d 1392, 1396, 164 USPQ 46, 49(CCPA 1969)
;
viiDigitech Image Tech., LLC v. Electronics for Imaging, Inc., 758
F.3d 1344, 1350,111 USPQ2d 1717, 1720 (Fed. Cir. 2014)
(
)
1
( 1: NO) 101
Nuijten, 500 F.3d 1346, 84 USPQ2d 1495 (Fed. Cir.
2007)
101
101
4 1
101
7.05 7.05.01 MPEP706.03a
1
2
II. 4
2
Alice Corp. Pty. Ltd. v. CLS Bank Int'l, 573 U.S. _,
134 S. Ct.2347, 2354, 110 USPQ2d 1976, 1980 (2014) (Association for Molecular
Pathology v. Myriad Genetics, Inc. 569 U.S. _, 133 S. Ct. 2107, 2116,106 USPQ2d
1972, 1979 (2013))Bilskiv. Kappos, 561 U.S.593, 601, 130 S. Ct. 3218, 3225,95
USPQ2d 1001, 1005-06 (2010)(101
3
)(Diamond v. Chakrabarty, 447 U.S. 303, 309, 206 USPQ 193, 197 (1980))
101 4
24
() 1
()
Diamond v. Diehr, 450 U.S. 175, 185, 209 USPQ1, 7 (1981)
Chakrabarty, 447 U.S. at 309, 206 USPQ at 197Parker v. Flook, 437 U.S. 584, 589,
198 USPQ 193, 197 (1978)Benson, 409 U.S. at 67-68 , 175 USPQ at 675
Le Roy
v. Tatham,55 U.S.(14 How.) 156, 175 (1852)
Funk Bros.Seed Co. v. Kalo Inoculant Co., 333 U.S. 127, 130, 76 USPQ 280, 281
(1948)
101
Chakrabarty, 447 U.S.at 309,
206 USPQ at 197 E=mc2
Flook, 437 U.S. at 585, 198 USPQ
at 195OReilly v. Morse, 56 U.S. (15 How.) 62, 113-114
(1853)Funk, 333 U.S.at 130,
76 USPQ at 281Le Roy, 55 U.S. (14 How.) at 175
Alice Corp., 134 S. Ct. at2357, 110 USPQ2d at 1981
Mayo Collaborative Serv. v. Prometheus Labs., Inc., 566U.S. _, 132 S. Ct. 1289,
1293-94, 101 USPQ2d 1961,1965-66 (2012) (Diehr, 450 U.S. at 187, 209USPQ at 7
)
www.uspto.gov/patent/laws-and-regulations/Examination
-policy/2014-interim-guidance-subject-matter-eligibility-0
25
2014 Interim Guidance on Patent Subject Matter Eligibility, 79Fed. Reg. 74618 (2014
12 16 )
III.
USPTO
()
USPTO
1 1
Oetiker, 977 F.2d 1443, 1445, 24 USPQ2d 1443, 1444 (Fed. Cir. 1992)
USPTO
USPTO
Brana, 51 F.3d 1560, 1566, 34 USPQ2d 1436,
1441 (Fed. Cir. 1995)
101
102 103 112 101
()
2106.01 []
26
2107 [R-11.2013]
I.
101112(a)112 1
101 112 (a) 112 1
II.
101 112 (a) 112 1
()
(A)
(1)
(2) ()
(3)
(i)(
)
(ii)
(B)
(1) (
)
(i)
101
(ii) (
)
1
(2)
27
101
112 (a)
112 1 112 (a)
112 1 101
101
(3)
101
112 (a) 112 1
101 112
(i)
(ii)
(C)
(
)
(1)
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(2)
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
28
(3)
(D)
1.132
101
101 112 (a)
112 1
2107.01 [R-11.2013]
101
101 MPEP2107
USPTO 101
101 3
1 101 1 1 2
2
MPEP 804
29
2 101
Diamond
v.Chakrabarty, 447 U.S. 303, 206 USPQ 193 (1980)Diamond v. Diehr, 450 U.S. 175,
209 USPQ 1 (1981) Nuijten, 500F.3d 1346, 1354, 84 USPQ2d 1495, 1500 (Fed. Cir.
2007)
3 101
2 I 8
Carl Zeiss Stiftung v.Renishaw
PLC, 945 F.2d 1173, 20 USPQ2d 1094 (Fed. Cir. 1991)
101
101
101 2 1
Brenner v.
Manson, 383 U.S. 519, 148 USPQ 689 (1966); Fisher, 421 F.3d 1365, 76 USPQ2d 1225
(Fed. Cir. 2005); Ziegler, 992 F.2d 1197, 26 USPQ2d 1600 (Fed. Cir. 1993)
2
I.
101
Brenner v. Manson, 383 U.S. 519, 529, 148 USPQ 689, 693 (1966)
()
101
Nelsonv. Bowler, 626 F.2d 853, 206 USPQ 881 (CCPA
1980) 101
USPTO
101
Nelson v.Bowler, 626 F.2d 853, 856, 206 USPQ 881, 883 (CCPA 1980)
USPTO
30
A.
Fisher, 421 F.3d 1365, 1371, 76 USPQ2d 1225,
1230 (Fed. Cir. 2005)
Kirk, 376 F.2d 936, 153 USPQ 48 (CCPA 1967); Joly,
376 F.2d 906, 153 USPQ 45 (CCPA 1967)
DNA
Fisher, 421 F.3d at 137476
USPQ2d at 1232 ( EST[]
[]7
[] 32,000 EST
EST 5 EST
[] EST 101
)
Knapp v. Anderson, 477 F.2d 588, 177
USPQ 688 (CCPA 1973)
B.
Fisher, 421 F.3d at 137176 USPQ2d at 1230Fisher
(EST)
EST
EST
[]
[]
31
EST
Id. at 137676 USPQ2d at 1233-34)
(A)
(B)
(C) /
(D)
(E)
Brenner v. Manson, 383 U.S. 519, 534-35, 148 USPQ 689, 695 (1966)
C.
()
II.
()
32
Newman v. Quigg, 877 F.2d
1575, 1581, 11 USPQ2d 1340, 1345 (Fed. Cir. 1989); Harwood, 390 F.2d 985, 989, 156
USPQ 673, 676 (CCPA 1968)(
101 )[
] 101
Brooktree Corp. v. Advanced Micro Devices, Inc.,
977 F.2d 1555, 1571, 24 USPQ2d 1401, 1412 (Fed. Cir. 1992)()
E.I. du Pont De Nemours and Co. v. Berkley and Co., 620 F.2d
1247, 1260 n.17, 205 USPQ 1, 10 n.17 (8th Cir. 1980)(
Brana, 51
F.3d 1560, 34 USPQ2d 1436 (Fed. Cir. 1995); Gardner, 475 F.2d 1389, 177 USPQ 396
(CCPA), rehg denied, 480 F.2d 879 (CCPA 1973); Marzocchi, 439 F.2d 220, 169 USPQ
367 (CCPA 1971)
USPTO
Citron, 325
F.2d 248, 253, 139 USPQ 516, 520 (CCPA 1963) USPTO
Sichert, 566 F.2d 1154, 196 USPQ 209 (CCPA 1977)
()
(Fregeau v. Mossinghoff, 776 F.2d 1034, 227 USPQ 848 (Fed. Cir. 1985))
(Newman v.Quigg, 877 F.2d 1575, 11 USPQ2d 1340 (Fed. Cir. 1989))
( Houghton, 433 F.2d 820, 167 USPQ 687 (CCPA 1970))
( Swartz, 232 F.3d 862, 56 USPQ2d 1703, (Fed. Cir.
2000))
( Ruskin, 354 F.2d 395, 148 USPQ 221 (CCPA 1966))
( Citron, 325 F.2d 248, 139 USPQ 516 (CCPA 1963))( Eltgroth,
419 F.2d 918, 164 USPQ 221 (CCPA 1970))
33
III.
Chilowsky, 229 F.2d 457, 461-2, 108 USPQ 321,
325 (CCPA 1956)(
) Gazave, 379 F.2d 973, 978, 154 USPQ 92, 96 (CCPA
1967)(
)
101 Nelson
Nelson v. Bowler, 626 F.2d 853, 856, 206 USPQ 881, 883
(CCPA 1980)
Nelson
Nelson v. Bowler
Nelson v. Bowler, 626 F.2d 853, 856, 206 USPQ 881, 883 (CCPA 1980)
Nelson v. Bowler
Nelson
Bowler Nelson
Nelson
Nelson
(
)Nelson
Nelson
34
Bowler
Nelson
Jolles, 628 F.2d 1322, 206 USPQ 885 (CCPA 1980)
Cross v. Iizuka, 753 F.2d 1040, 224 USPQ 739 (Fed. Cir. 1985)
Cross Iizuka
Iizuka
Nelson v. Bowler
Cross, 753 F.2d at 1048224 USPQat 745 ( Kirk, 376 F.2d 936, 941,
153 USPQ 48, 52 (CCPA 1967))
Cross v. Iizuka, 753 F.2d 1040, 1051, 224
USPQ 739, 747-48 (Fed. Cir. 1985)
1
FDA
FDA Scott [v.
Finney], 34 F.3d 1058, 1063, 32 USPQ2d 1115, 1120 [(Fed.Cir. 1994)]
2
Brana, 51 F.3d 1560, 34 USPQ2d 1436 (Fed. Cir. 1995)
35
101 Sichert, 566 F.2d 1154, 196 USPQ 209
(CCPA 1977); Hartop, 311 F.2d 249, 135 USPQ 419 (CCPA 1962); Anthony, 414 F.2d
1383, 162 USPQ 594 (CCPA 1969); Watson, 517 F.2d 465, 186 USPQ 11 (CCPA 1975)
101
MPEP
2107.03
IV. 112 (a) 112 1 101
101112(a)1121
Brana, 51 F.3d 1560, 34 USPQ2d 1436 (Fed. Cir. 1995); Jolles,
628 F.2d 1322, 1326 n.10, 206 USPQ 885, 889 n.11 (CCPA 1980); Fouche, 439 F.2d
1237, 1243, 169 USPQ 429, 434 (CCPA 1971)(
)
112 101 101
112 Ziegler, 992 F.2d 1197,
1200-1201, 26 USPQ2d 1600, 1603 (Fed. Cir. 1993)( 112
101
101
112
) Kirk, 376 F.2d 936, 942, 153 USPQ 48, 53 (CCPA 1967)(
112
)
Brana, 51 F.3d 1560, 34 USPQ2d 1436 (Fed. Cir. 1995)
101 112 (a)
112 1
101112(a)112 1
(
) 101
112(a)1121
112(a)1121
101
112(a)1121
112(a)1121
36
112(a)112
1 101
101 112 (a)
1121112(a)
112 1
101
112(a)1121
( Vaeck, 947 F.2d 488, 495, 20 USPQ2d 1438, 1444 (Fed. Cir. 1991))
( Wright, 999 F.2d 1557,
1561-1562, 27 USPQ2d 1510, 1513 (Fed. Cir. 1993))
(Chemcast Corp. v. Arco Indus. Corp., 913 F.2d 923,
927-928, 16 USPQ2d 1033, 1036-1037 (Fed. Cir. 1990))Transco
Products Inc. v. Performance Contracting Inc., 38 F.3d 551, 32 USPQ2d 1077 (Fed.
Cir. 1994); Glaxo Inc. v. Novopharm Ltd. 52 F.3d 1043, 34 USPQ2d 1565 (Fed. Cir.
1995)
112(a) 112
1
101 112
112 (a)
112 1101112(a)
112 1
2107.02 [R-11.2013]
I.
()
101
37
(
)
()
101 112
Raytheon v. Roper, 724 F.2d 951, 958, 220 USPQ 592, 598 (Fed. Cir. 1983), cert.
denied, 469 U.S. 835 (1984) ( 1
101 )
Gottlieb, 328 F.2d 1016, 1019, 140USPQ 665, 668 (CCPA 1964)(
) Malachowski, 530 F.2d
1402, 189 USPQ 432 (CCPA 1976); Hoffman v. Klaus, 9 USPQ2d 1657 (Bd. Pat. App. &
Inter. 1988) 1
USPTO 101
112 Tol-O-
Matic, Inc. v. Proma Produkt-Und Mktg. Gesellschaft m.b.h., 945 F.2d 1546, 1553, 20
USPQ2d 1332, 1338 (Fed. Cir. 1991) ( 101
)
USPTO
Carl Zeiss
Stiftung v. Renishaw PLC, 945 F.2d 1173, 20 USPQ2d 1094 (Fed. Cir. 1991); Krimmel,
292 F.2d 948, 130 USPQ 215 (CCPA 1961)
II.
A.
38
()
101 112 (a)
112 1
Brenner v. Manson, 383 US 519, 148 USPQ 689 (1966) (
101 ) Ziegler, 992 F.2d 1197, 1201, 26
USPQ2d 1600, 1604 (Fed. Cir. 1993) (
) Kirk,
376 F.2d 936, 153 USPQ 48 (CCPA 1967)(
) Joly, 376 F.2d
906, 153 USPQ 45 (CCPA 1967)Kawai v.Metlesics, 480 F.2d 880, 890, 178 USPQ 158,
165 (CCPA 1973)(
)
1
112 (a) 112 1
B.
(i)(
)(ii)
101 112 (a)
112 1 Folkers, 344 F.2d 970, 145 USPQ 390
(CCPA 1965)
39
()
101
112(a)1121
MPEP2701
III.
A.
101
Jolles, 628 F.2d 1322,
206 USPQ 885 (CCPA 1980); Irons, 340 F.2d 974, 144 USPQ 351 (CCPA 1965); Langer,
503 F.2d 1380, 183 USPQ 288 (CCPA 1974); Sichert, 566 F.2d 1154, 1159, 196 USPQ
209, 212-13 (CCPA 1977) Langer
USPTO
101
Langer, 503 F.2d at 1391183 USPQat 297Langer
112 (a)
112 1 101
Brana, 51 F.3d 1560, 34 USPQ2d 1436 (Fed. Cir. 1995)
112 (a) 112 1
Langer Marzocchi, 439 F.2d
220, 223, 169 USPQ 367, 369 (CCPA 1971)
112
1
()
40
Langer USPTO
Langer, 503 F.2d at 1391183 USPQat 297;
Malachowski, 530 F.2d 1402, 1404, 189 USPQ 432, 435 (CCPA 1976); Brana, 51 F.3d
1560, 34 USPQ2d 1436 (Fed. Cir. 1995)
(
)
101 Raytheon v. Roper, 724 F.2d 951,
956, 220 USPQ 592, 596 (Fed. Cir. 1983) cert. denied, 469 U.S. 835 (1984)
()
Oetiker, 977 F.2d 1443, 1445, 24 USPQ2d 1443, 1444 (Fed. Cir.
1992)(
) Corkill,
771 F.2d 1496, 1500, 226 USPQ 1005, 1008 (Fed. Cir. 1985)
Herman v.
Huddleston, 459 U.S. 375, 390 (1983)
Brana, 51 F.3d 1560, 34 USPQ2d 1436 (Fed. Cir. 1995)
(
)
B.
(
)
(A)
(B)
41
101
USPTO
USPTO
101
101
2
Gazave, 379 F.2d 973, 978,
154 USPQ 92, 96 (CCPA 1967)
101
MPEP2107.03
IV. USPTO
101 USPTO (A)
(B)
Gaubert, 524 F.2d 1222, 1224, 187 USPQ 664, 666 (CCPA 1975)(PTO
)USPTO 101
Oetiker, 977 F.2d 1443, 1445, 24 USPQ2d 1443, 1444 (Fed. Cir.
1992) (
)Fregeau v. Mossinghoff, 776 F.2d
1034, 227 USPQ 848 (Fed. Cir. 1985)( 101 )
Piasecki, 745 F.2d 1468, 223 USPQ 785 (Fed. Cir. 1984)
42
()
(A)
(B)
(C)
(A)
(B)
(C)
101
USPTO
V.
USPTO
Pottier, 376 F.2d 328, 330, 153 USPQ 407, 408 (CCPA 1967)(
) Jolles, 628 F.2d 1322, 1327,
206 USPQ 885, 890 (CCPA 1980) Citron, 325 F.2d 248, 139 USPQ 516 (CCPA 1963)
Novak, 306 F.2d 924, 928, 134 USPQ 335, 337 (CCPA1962) Citron
325 F.2d at 253139 USPQat 520
101
325 F.2d at 252139 USPQat 519
43
(
)
(
)
USPTO
Brana, 51 F.3d 1560, 34 USPQ2d 1436 (Fed. Cir. 1995) (
Bundy, 642 F.2d 430, 433, 209 USPQ 48, 51 (CCPA 1981))Brana
51
F.3d at 156634 USPQ2d at 1441
Isaacs, 347 F.2d 887, 890, 146 USPQ 193, 196 (CCPA 1965)
VI.
101 112 (a)
112 1
Oetiker, 977 F.2d 1443, 1445, 24 USPQ2d 1443, 1444 (Fed. Cir.
1992)(
)
1.132
Grunwell, 609 F.2d 486, 203 USPQ 1055 (CCPA 1979); Buchner, 929 F.2d 660, 18
USPQ2d 1331 (Fed. Cir. 1991)MPEP716.01(a)716.01(c)
44
USPTO
Rinehart, 531 F.2d 1048, 1052, 189 USPQ 143, 147 (CCPA 1976)
VII.
(Ex parte Ferguson,
117 USPQ 229 (Bd. App. 1957))
Gazave, 379 F.2d 973, 978, 154 USPQ
92, 96 (CCPA 1967); Chilowsky, 229 F.2d 457, 462, 108 USPQ 321, 325 (CCPA 1956)
Irons,340 F.2d 974, 978, 144
USPQ 351, 354 (CCPA 1965)
Nelson v. Bowler, 626 F.2d 853, 856-57, 206 USPQ
881, 883-84 (CCPA 1980)(
Bowler )
Rey-Bellet v. Englehardt, 493 F.2d 1380, 181 USPQ
453 (CCPA 1974) (
)
2107.03 [R-08.2012]
USPTO
I.
Cross v. Iizuka, 753 F.2d 1040, 224 USPQ 739 (Fed. Cir.
1985); Jolles, 628 F.2d 1322, 206 USPQ 885 (CCPA 1980); Nelson v. Bowler, 626 F.2d
853, 206 USPQ 881 (CCPA 1980)
()
45
Nelson
v. Bowler, 626 F.2d 853, 857, 206 USPQ 881, 884 (CCPA 1980)
II.
Jolles, 628 F.2d 1322, 206 USPQ 885 (CCPA 1980)
III.
101
101
101
Brana, 51 F.3d 1560, 34 USPQ 1436 (Fed. Cir. 1995);
Cross v. Iizuka, 753 F.2d 1040, 224 USPQ 739 (Fed. Cir. 1985); Jolles, 628 F.2d
1322, 206 USPQ 885 (CCPA 1980); Nelson v. Bowler, 626 F.2d 853, 856, 206 USPQ 881,
883 (CCPA 1980); Malachowski, 530 F.2d 1402, 189 USPQ 432 (CCPA 1976); Gaubert,
530 F.2d 1402, 189 USPQ 432 (CCPA 1975); Gazave, 379 F.2d 973, 154 USPQ 92 (CCPA
1967); Hartop, 311 F.2d 249, 135 USPQ 419 (CCPA 1962); Krimmel, 292 F.2d 948, 130
USPQ 215 (CCPA 1961)
USPTO
101 Citron, 325 F.2d 248, 253, 139
USPQ 516, 520 (CCPA 1963)(
) Buting, 418 F.2d 540, 543, 163 USPQ 689, 690 (CCPA 1969) (
) Novak, 306 F.2d 924, 134 USPQ 335
(CCPA 1962)(
46
) Buting to Gardner, 475 F.2d 1389, 177 USPQ 396
(CCPA 1973), reh'g denied, 480 F.2d 879 (CCPA 1973)
1
USPTO
Ex parte Maas, 9 USPQ2d 1746 (Bd. Pat.
App. & Inter. 1987); Ex parte Balzarini, 21 USPQ2d 1892 (Bd. Pat. App. & Inter.
1991)
USPTO 101
Hartop,
311 F.2d 249, 135 USPQ 419 (CCPA 1962); Krimmel, 292 F.2d 948, 953, 130 USPQ 215,
219 (CCPA 1961); Ex parte Krepelka, 231 USPQ 746 (Bd. Pat. App. & Inter. 1986)
Chilowsky,
229 F.2d 457, 461, 108 USPQ 321, 325 (CCPA 1956)(
) Wooddy, 331 F.2d 636, 639, 141 USPQ 518, 520 (CCPA 1964)
(
)
IV.
( Isaacs, 347 F.2d 889, 146 USPQ 193 (CCPA
47
1963) Langer, 503 F.2d 1380, 183 USPQ 288 (CCPA 1974))
Ex parte Balzarini, 21 USPQ2d 1892 (Bd. Pat. App. & Inter.
1991) (
)
()
((FDA))
1 1
V.
USPTO
2
101
Brana, 51 F.3d 1560, 34 USPQ2d 1436 (Fed. Cir.
1995)( Scott v. Finney, 34 F.3d 1058, 1063, 32 USPQ2d 1115, 1120 (Fed. Cir.
1994))
Sichert, 566 F.2d 1154, 196 USPQ 209 (CCPA 1977); Hartop,
311 F.2d 249, 135 USPQ 419 (CCPA 1962); Anthony, 414 F.2d 1383, 162 USPQ 594 (CCPA
1969); Watson, 517 F.2d 465, 186 USPQ 11 (CCPA 1975); Krimmel, 292 F.2d 948, 130
USPQ 215 (CCPA 1961); Ex parte Jovanovics, 211 USPQ 907 (Bd. Pat. App. & Inter.
48
1981)
VI.
101
1980
Jolles, 628 F.2d 1322, 206 USPQ 885 (CCPA
1980); Buting, 418 F.2d 540, 163 USPQ 689 (CCPA 1969); Ex parte Stevens, 16 USPQ2d
1379 (Bd. Pat. App. & Inter. 1990); Ex parte Busse, 1 USPQ2d 1908 (Bd. Pat. App. &
Inter. 1986); Ex parte Krepelka, 231 USPQ 746 (Bd. Pat. App. & Inter. 1986); Ex
parte Jovanovics, 211 USPQ 907 (Bd. Pat. App. & Inter. 1981)
USPTO
Sichert, 566 F.2d
1154, 196 USPQ 209 (CCPA 1977); Jolles, 628 F.2d 1322, 206 USPQ 885 (CCPA 1980)
Ex parte Ferguson, 117 USPQ 229 (Bd. Pat. App. & Inter. 1957)
21 CFR 312.80-88 (1994)
2108-2110 []
49
2111 [R-07.2015]
Phillips v. AWH Corp., 415 F.3d 1303, 1316, 75 USPQ2d
1321, 1329 (Fed. Cir. 2005)USPTO
USPTO
Am. Acad. of Sci. Tech. Ctr., 367 F.3d 1359, 1364[, 70 USPQ2d 1827,
1830] (Fed. Cir. 2004)USPTO
1.75(d)(1)
Suitco Surface, Inc., 603 F.3d 1255,1259, 94 USPQ2d 1640, 1643 (Fed. Cir. 2010)
Hyatt, 211 F.3d 1367, 1372, 54 USPQ2d 1664,1667 (Fed. Cir. 2000)
PTO Morris, 127
F.3d 1048,1054, 44 USPQ2d 1023, 1028 (Fed. Cir. 1997)Zletz, 893 F.2d 319, 321-22,
13 USPQ2d 1320,1321-22 (Fed. Cir. 1989)
Yamamoto, 740 F.2d1569, 1571 (Fed. Cir. 1984)Zletz,
893 F.2d319, 321, 13 USPQ2d 1320, 1322 (Fed. Cir. 1989)(
)
Prater, 415 F.2d 1393,1404-05, 162 USPQ 541, 550-51 (CCPA 1969)( 9
101 102 102
)
Morris, 127 F.3d 1048, 1054-55, 44 USPQ2d 1023, 1027-28 (Fed. Cir. 1997)(
50
PTO
PTO
)
,
(
)
Cortright, 165 F.3d 1353, 1359, 49
USPQ2d 1464, 1468 (Fed. Cir. 1999) (
3
)
Suitco Surface, Inc., 603 F.3d1255, 1260, 94
USPQ2d 1640, 1644 (Fed. Cir.2010)Buszard, 504 F.3d 1364, 84 USPQ2d1749 (Fed.
Cir. 2007)Buszard
504F.3d at 1365, 84 USPQ2d at 1750
at 1367, 84 USPQ2d at 1751
at 1366, 84 USPQ2d at 1751
112 (b) 112 2
MPEP2173.02
2111.01 [R-07.2015]
[ MPEP 102
(FITF)
100 () MPEP2150 ]
I.
51
Zletz, 893 F.2d
319, 321, 13USPQ2d 1320, 1322 (Fed. Cir. 1989) ()Chef America, Inc. v.
Lamb-Weston, Inc.,358 F.3d 1371, 1372, 69 USPQ2d 1857 (Fed. Cir.2004)(
400F 850F
)
Morris, 127
F.3d1048, 1054, 44 USPQ2d 1023, 1028 (Fed. Cir. 1997)(USPTO
)
Am. Acad. of Sci. Tech. Ctr., 367 F.3d 1359, 1369, 70 USPQ2d 1827,
1834(Fed. Cir. 2004)(
)
II.
Superguide Corp. v. DirecTV Enterprises, Inc., 358
F.3d 870, 875, 69 USPQ2d 1865, 1868 (Fed. Cir. 2004)Liebel-Flarsheim
Co. v. Medrad Inc., 358 F.3d 898, 906, 69 USPQ2d 1801, 1807 (Fed. Cir. 2004)(
);
E-Pass Techs., Inc. v. 3Com Corp., 343 F.3d 1364, 1369, 67 USPQ2d 1947, 1950 (Fed.
Cir. 2003)(
)Altiris Inc. v. Symantec Corp.,
318 F.3d 1363, 1371, 65 USPQ2d 1865, 1869-70 (Fed. Cir. 2003)(
) IV. 112 (f)
112 6 (
52
)
Donaldson, 16 F.3d 1189, 29 USPQ2d 1845 (Fed. Cir. 1994) (MPEP2181
2186 )
Zletz, supra
Marosi, 710 F.2d 799, 218 USPQ 289 (Fed. Cir. 1983)
(
( Okuzawa,537 F.2d 545,
548, 190 USPQ 464, 466 (CCPA 1976))
III.
Phillips
v. AWH Corp., 415 F.3d 1303, 1313, 75 USPQ2d 1321, 1326 (Fed. Cir. 2005)()
Sunrace Roots Enter. Co. v. SRAM Corp., 336 F.3d 1298, 1302, 67 USPQ2d 1438, 1441
(Fed. Cir. 2003)Brookhill-Wilk 1, LLC v. Intuitive Surgical, Inc., 334 F.3d 1294,
1298 67 USPQ2d 1132, 1136 (Fed. Cir. 2003)(
)
Abbott Diabetes Care Inc.,696 F.3d 1142,
1149-50, 104 USPQ2d 1337,1342-43 (Fed. Cir. 2012)(
)Suitco Surface, Inc., 603
F.3d 1255, 1260-61, 94 USPQ2d1640, 1644 (Fed. Cir. 2010)(
)Vitronics
Corp.v. Conceptronic Inc., 90 F.3d 1576, 1583, 39USPQ2d 1573, 1577 (Fed. Cir.
1996)(
)
53
3M Innovative Props. Co.
v. Tredegar Corp., 725F.3d 1315, 1326-28, 107 USPQ2d 1717, 1726-27(Fed. Cir.
2013)(
)
IV.
(1)(2)
Phillips v. AWH Corp., 415 F.3d 1303,
1316 (Fed. Cir. 2005)()Starhome GmbH v. AT&T Mobility LLC, 743 F.3d 849,
857, 109USPQ2d 1885, 1890-91 (Fed. Cir. 2014)(
,
)Thorner v. Sony Computer Entmt Am. LLC, 669 F.3d 1362, 1367-
68, 101USPQ2d 1457, 1460 (Fed. Cir. 2012)(
attached
embedded
attached
attached
)
A.
Paulsen, 30 F.3d 1475, 1480, 31 USPQ2d 1671, 1674 (Fed. Cir. 1994)(
)( Intellicall, Inc. v.
Phonometrics, Inc., 952 F.2d 1384, 1387-88, 21 USPQ2d 1383, 1386 (Fed. Cir. 1992)
)
"
54
Toro Co. v. White Consolidated
Industries Inc., 199F.3d 1295, 1301, 53 USPQ2d 1065, 1069 (Fed. Cir. 1999)(
)
Old Town Canoe Co. v. Confluence Holdings Corp.,
448 F.3d 1309,1317, 78 USPQ2d 1705, 1711 (Fed. Cir. 2006)(
)"
Multiform Desiccants Inc.
v. Medzam Ltd., 133 F.3d1473, 1477, 45 USPQ2d 1429, 1432 (Fed. Cir.1998)Process
Control Corp. v. HydReclaim Corp., 190 F.3d 1350, 1357,52 USPQ2d 1029, 1033 (Fed.
Cir. 1999) MPEP2173.05(a)
Phillips v. AWH Corp., 415F.3d 1303,
1320-21, 75 USPQ2d 1321, 1332 (Fed. Cir. 2005) ()Vitronics Corp. v.
Conceptronic Inc., 90 F.3d 1576, 1583, 39 USPQ2d1573, 1577 (Fed. Cir. 1996)
Merck& Co. v. Teva Pharms.
USA, Inc., 395 F.3d 1364,1370 (Fed. Cir. 2005)(
about()exactly()
aboutabout
exactly
about,approximately,
)
B.
SciMed Life Sys.,Inc. v. Advanced Cardiovascular Sys.,
Inc., 242 F.3d1337, 1341 (Fed.Cir.2001)(
)Am. Acad. Of Sci. Tech Ctr., 367 F.3d
1359, 1365-67 (Fed. Cir. 2004) (
55
),
Abbott Diabetes Care Inc., 696 F.3d 1142, 1149-50, 104USPQ2d 1337, 1342-43 (Fed.
Cir. 2012) (
,
)
MPEP2173.05(a)
V. 112 (f)
BRI()
112 (b)
1.75 (d)
56
112 (f)
NO YES
YES NO
YES NO
(
)
112b
1.75
(d)1
57
2111.02 [R-08.2012]
Catalina
Mktg. Intl v. Coolsavings.com, Inc., 289 F.3d 801, 808, 62 USPQ2d 1781, 1785 (Fed.
Cir. 2002)
808-10, 62
USPQ2d at 1784-86
Bell Communications
Research, Inc. v. Vitalink Communications Corp., 55 F.3d 615, 620, 34 USPQ2d 1816,
1820 (Fed. Cir. 1995)
Pitney Bowes, Inc. v. Hewlett-Packard
Co., 182 F.3d 1298, 1305, 51 USPQ2d 1161, 1165-66 (Fed. Cir. 1999)
Superguide Corp. v. DirecTV Enterprises, Inc., 342 F.3d 1329, 1333, 68 USPQ2d
1154, 1158 (Fed. Cir. 2003)(
)Kropa v. Robie, 187 F.2d
150, 152, 88 USPQ 478, 481 (CCPA 1951)(
)
I.
Corning Glass Works v. Sumitomo Elec. U.S.A.,
Inc., 868 F.2d 1251, 1257, 9 USPQ2d 1962, 1966 (Fed. Cir. 1989)(
)Pac-Tec Inc. v. Amerace Corp., 903 F.2d 796, 801, 14 USPQ2d 1871,
1876 (Fed. Cir. 1990)(
) Stencel, 828 F.2d 751, 4 USPQ2d 1071 (Fed. Cir.
1987)(
()
58
(
)
Id. at
1073828 F.2d at 754)
II.
(
[]Corning Glass
Works, 868 F.2d at 12579 USPQ2d at 1966
Pitney
Bowes, Inc. v. Hewlett-Packard Co., 182 F.3d 1298, 1305, 51 USPQ2d 1161, 1165 (Fed.
Cir. 1999)Rowe v. Dror, 112 F.3d 473, 478, 42 USPQ2d 1550, 1553
(Fed. Cir. 1997)(
)Kropa v. Robie, 187 F.2d at 15288 USPQ2d at
480-81(
)
STX LLC. v. Brine, 211 F.3d 588, 591, 54 USPQ2d 1347, 1350 (Fed. Cir. 2000)(
)
Jansen v. Rexall Sundown, Inc., 342 F.3d 1329, 1333-34, 68 USPQ2d 1154,
1158 (Fed. Cir. 2003)(
)
) Cruciferous Sprout Litig., 301
F.3d 1343, 1346-48, 64 USPQ2d 1202, 1204-05 (Fed. Cir. 2002)(
(
))
()
59
Otto, 312 F.2d 937, 938, 136 USPQ 458, 459 (CCPA 1963)(
)
Sinex, 309 F.2d 488, 492, 135 USPQ 302, 305 (CCPA 1962)(
)
Schreiber, 128 F.3d 1473, 562100-1477, 44 USPQ2d 1429, 1431 (Fed. Cir. 1997)(
(
) 1(
)
MPEP
2112 2112.02
Metabolite Labs., Inc. v. Corp. of Am. Holdings,
370 F.3d 1354, 1358-62, 71 USPQ2d 1081, 1084-87 (Fed. Cir. 2004)
B12 2(i)
(ii)
Id at 1358-5971 USPQ2d at 1084
Id at 136271 USPQ2d at 1087
Catalina Mktg. Intl, 289 F.3d at 808-0962 USPQ2d at 1785(
)In Poly-America LP v. GSE Lining Tech. Inc.,
383 F.3d 1303, 1310, 72 USPQ2d 1685, 1689 (Fed. Cir. 2004),047
Intirtool, Ltd.
v. Texar Corp., 369 F.3d 1289, 1294-96, 70 USPQ2d 1780, 1783-84 (Fed. Cir. 2004)(
60
(i)
(ii)
)
2111.03 [R-08.2012]
comprising()consisting essentially of()
consisting of()
comprising()includingcontainingcharacterized
by
Mars Inc. v. H.J. Heinz Co., 377 F.3d 1369,
1376, 71 USPQ2d 1837, 1843 (Fed. Cir. 2004)(comprisingcontaining
mixture())Invitrogen Corp. v. Biocrest Mfg.,
L.P., 327 F.3d 1364, 1368, 66 USPQ2d 1631, 1634 (Fed. Cir. 2003)(
comprising)
Genentech, Inc. v. Chiron Corp., 112 F.3d 495, 501, 42 USPQ2d 1608, 1613 (Fed. Cir.
1997)(Comprising
)Moleculon Research Corp. v.CBS, Inc., 793 F.2d 1261, 229
USPQ 805 (Fed. Cir. 1986); Baxter, 656 F.2d 679, 686, 210 USPQ 795, 803 (CCPA
1981); Ex parte Davis, 80 USPQ 448, 450 (Bd. App. 1948)(comprising
)In Gillette Co. v. Energizer Holdings Inc., 405 F.3d 1367, 1371-73, 74
USPQ2d 1586, 1589-91 (Fed. Cir. 2005), 1 2
3(group of)(comprising)
(comprising)(group of)
4
comprising
(group consisting of)
Markush
1 2 3
consisting of
Gray, 53 F.2d 520, 11 USPQ 255 (CCPA 1931); Ex parte Davis, 80 USPQ 448, 450
(Bd. App. 1948)(consisting of
)
Norian Corp. v. Stryker Corp., 363 F.3d 1321, 1331-32, 70 USPQ2d 1508, 1516(Fed.
61
Cir. 2004)((consisting of)
)
(consists of)
(consists of)
Mannesmann Demag Corp. v. Engineered Metal
Products Co., 793 F.2d 1279, 230 USPQ 45 (Fed. Cir. 1986) Crish,
393 F.3d 1253, 73 USPQ2d 1364 (Fed. Cir. 2004)(
(hINV) DNA 73
USPQ2d at 1365 SEQ ID NO:1 2473 of
SEQ ID NO:1
SEQ ID NO:1 (comprising at least)
consistscomprising
Id. at 125773 USPQ2d at 1367 SEQ ID NO:1
DNA
Id. at 1256 125973 USPQ2d at 13661369
consists SEQ ID NO:1
comprising
SEQ ID NO:1
Id. at 125673 USPQ2d at 1366
consisting essentially of
Herz, 537 F.2d 549, 551-52, 190 USPQ 461, 463 (CCPA 1976)(
582100-2111.03
())consisting essentially ofconsisting
of()comprising
()PPG Industries v. Guardian Industries,
156 F.3d 1351, 1354, 48 USPQ2d 1351, 1353-54 (Fed. Cir. 1998)Atlas
Powder v. E.I. duPont de Nemours & Co., 750 F.2d 1569, 224 USPQ 409 (Fed. Cir.
1984); Janakirama-Rao, 317 F.2d 951, 137 USPQ 893 (CCPA 1963); Water Technologies
Corp. vs. Calco, Ltd., 850 F.2d 660, 7 USPQ2d 1097 (Fed. Cir. 1988) 102
103
62
consisting
essentially ofcomprisingPPG, 156 F.3d
at 135548 USPQ2d at 1355(PPG
(consisting essentially of)
)AK Steel Corp. v. Sollac, 344 F.3d 1234, 1240-41, 68 USPQ2d
1280, 1283-84 (Fed. Cir. 2003)( 0.5
0.5
consisting essentially of
0.5) Janakirama-
Rao, 317 F.2d 951, 954, 137 USPQ 893, 895-96 (CCPA 1963)
consisting essentially of
De Lajarte, 337 F.2d 870, 143 USPQ 256 (CCPA 1964)
Ex parte Hoffman, 12 USPQ2d 1061, 1063-64 (Bd. Pat. App. & Inter.
1989)(consisting essentially of
consisting essentially of
)
having()()()
Lampi Corp. v. American Power Products Inc., 228 F.3d 1365,
1376, 56 USPQ2d 1445, 1453 (Fed. Cir. 2000)(having
)Crystal
Semiconductor Corp. v. TriTech Microelectronics Intl Inc., 246 F.3d 1336, 1348,
57 USPQ2d 1953, 1959 (Fed. Cir. 2001)(having
)Regents of the Univ. of Cal. v.
Eli Lilly & Co., 119 F.3d 1559, 1573, 43 USPQ2d 1398, 1410 (Fed. Cir. 1997)(
PI cDNA (having)
)composed of()
consisting of()consisting essentially
of()
AFG Industries, Inc. v. Cardinal IG Company, 239 F.3d 1239, 1245, 57 USPQ2d 1776,
1780-81 (Fed. Cir. 2001)(composed ofconsisting
essentially of) Bertsch, 132 F.2d 1014, 1019-20, 56 USPQ
379, 384 (CCPA 1942)(composed ofconsisting of
63
composed ofconsisting
of)
2111.04 (Adapted to)(Adapted for)
(Where in)(Where by) [R-07.2015]
(A)
(B)
(C)
Griffin v. Bertina, 283F.3d 1029, 1034, 62 USPQ2d 1431 (Fed. Cir.
2002)(
)Giannelli, 739F.3d 1375, 1378, 109 USPQ2d 1333, 1336 (Fed.
Cir. 2014),
Hoffer v. Microsoft Corp., 405 F.3d 1326, 1329,
74 USPQ2d 1481, 1483 (Fed. Cir. 2005)
(Minton v. Nat
l Assn of Securities Dealers, Inc., 336 F.3d 1373, 1381, 67 USPQ2d 1614, 1620 (Fed.
Cir. 2003))
2111.05 [R-07.2015]
USPTO
Gulack, 703 F.2d 1381, 1385,217 USPQ 401, 403-04 (Fed. Cir.
1983)USPTO
Id. at 1384, 217 USPQ at 403 Diamond v.
Diehr, 450 U.S. 175, 191, 209USPQ 1, 10 (1981)USPTO
Lowry, 32 F.3d 1579, 1583-84, 32 USPQ2d 1031,1035 (Fed. Cir.
1994)Ngai, 367 F.3d 1336,70 USPQ2d 1862 (Fed. Cir. 2004)
64
Kao, 639 F.3d 1057,1072-73, 98
USPQ2d 1799, 1811-12 (Fed. Cir. 2011)King Pharmaceuticals Inc. v. Eon Labs Inc.,616
F.3d 1267, 1279, 95 USPQ2d 1833, 1842 (Fed.Cir. 2010)
I.
A.
Lowry, 32 F.3d at 1584, 32 USPQ2d at 1035(Gulack,
703 F.2d at 1386, 217 USPQ at 404 )
Miller, 418 F.2d 1392,1396, 164 USPQ
46, 49 (CCPA 1969)
Gulack, 703 F.2d at 1386-87, 217 USPQ at 405
B.
Gulack, 703 F.2dat
1386, 217 USPQ at 404
Bryan, 2009 U.S. App. LEXIS6667
(Fed. Cir. 2009)()
Exparte Gwinn, 112 USPQ 439, 446-47 (Bd. App.1955)
()()
Ngai, 367 F.3d at 1339, 70 USPQ2dat
1864
II.
65
III.
1
Lowry, 32
F.3d at 1583-84, 32 USPQ2dat 1035
/
101 MPEP
2106
66
2112 [R-07.2015]
[ MPEP 102
(FITF)
100 () MPEP2150 ]
102 103
Napier, 55 F.3d 610,
613, 34 USPQ2d 1782, 1784 (Fed. Cir. 1995)(
103 ) Grasselli, 713 F.2d 731, 739, 218 USPQ
769, 775 (Fed. Cir. 1983)
I.
Atlas Powder Co. v. Ireco Inc., 190 F.3d 1342, 1347, 51 USPQ2d 1943,
1947 (Fed. Cir. 1999)
Best, 562 F.2d 1252, 1254, 195 USPQ 430, 433 (CCPA 1977) Crish,
393 F.3d 1253, 1258, 73 USPQ2d 1364, 1368 (Fed. Cir. 2004)
DNA
MPEP2112.01 103
MPEP2141.02
II.
Schering Corp. v. Geneva Pharm. Inc., 339 F.3d 1373, 1377, 67 USPQ2d 1664,
1668 (Fed. Cir. 2003)(
)Toro Co. v. Deere & Co., 355 F.3d 1313,
1320, 69 USPQ2d 1584, 1590 (Fed. Cir. 2004)(
()
)Abbott Labs v. Geneva Pharms., Inc., 182 F.3d 1315, 1319, 51
USPQ2d 1307, 1310 (Fed.Cir.1999)(
67
)Atlas Powder Co. v. Ireco, Inc., 190 F.3d
1342, 1348-49, 51 USPQ2d 1943, 1947 (Fed. Cir. 1999)(
)Smith
Kline Beecham Corp. v. Apotex Corp., 403 F.3d 1331, 1343-44, 74 USPQ2d 1398, 1406-
07 (Fed. Cir. 2005)(
)Omeprazole Patent Litigation, 483 F.3d 1364, 1373, 82 USPQ2d 1643,
1650(Fed. Cir. 2007)(
[])
III. 102 / 103
102 103 102 / 103
103 102
Best,562 F.2d 1252, 1255 n.4,
195 USPQ 430, 433 n.4 (CCPA 1977)
102
/ 103
IV.
Rijckaert, 9 F.3d 1531,
1534, 28 USPQ2d 1955, 1957 (Fed. Cir. 1993)(
) Oelrich, 666 F.2d 578, 581-82, 212 USPQ 323, 326 (CCPA 1981)
Metabolite Labs., Inc. v. Lab. Corp.
of Am. Holdings, 370 F.3d 1354, 1367, 71 USPQ2d 1081, 1091 (Fed. Cir. 2004)(
/
68
Ex parte Levy, 17 USPQ2d 1461, 1464 (Bd.
Pat. App. & Inter. 1990)(
())
Schjeldahl
Id. at 1462 Schjeldahl
Schreiber, 128 F.3d 1473, 44 USPQ2d 1429 (Fed. Cir. 1997)
Schreiber[]Schreiber Harz []
[]Harz( 5) Schreiber
1 Harz
Harz
Harz
Schreiber, 128 F.3d at 147844 USPQ2d at 1432
V.
USPTO
102
103
BEST562 F2d 1252
1255195 USPQ 430433-34CCPA 1977[]
Fitzgerald, 619
F.2d 67, 70, 205 USPQ 594, 596 (CCPA 1980) (Best, 562 F.2d at 1255 )
Fitzgerald
69
Barnes Barnes
2
2
Id. at 596 n.1, 619 F.2d at 70n.l
Barnes
Barnes
102/103
Schreiber, 128 F.3d 1473, 1478, 44 USPQ2d 1429, 1432 (Fed.Cir.1997)
MPEP
2113
2112.01 [R-07.2015]
I.
Best,562 F.2d 1252, 1255, 195 USPQ 430, 433 (CCPA
1977)USPTO
Spada, 911 F.2d 705, 709,
15 USPQ2d 1655, 1658 (Fed. Cir. 1990)
Best,
562 F.2d at 1255195 USPQat 433,Titanium Metals Corp. v. Banner,
778 F.2d 775, 227 USPQ 773 (Fed. Cir. 1985)(0.20.4 Mo 0.60.9
70
Ni 0.2
0.4Mo0.60.9Ni
Mo Ni
Ludtke, 441 F.2d
660, 169 USPQ 563 (CCPA 1971)( 1
Menget Menget
3Menget
Northam
Warren Corp. v. D. F. Newfield Co.,7 F. Supp. 773, 22 USPQ 313 (E.D.N.Y. 1934)(
)
II.
Spada, 911 F.2d
705, 709, 15 USPQ2d 1655, 1658 (Fed. Cir. 1990)
/
(
Spada
)
III.
Ngai, 367 F.3d 1336, 1339, 70 USPQ2d 1862, 1864 (Fed. Cir. 2004)(
)Gulack, 703 F.2d 1381, 1385-86, 217
USPQ 401, 404 (Fed. Cir. 1983)(
)Miller,
418 F.2d 1392, 1396 (CCPA 1969)(
)Seid, 161 F.2d 229, 73 USPQ 431
71
(CCPA 1947)(
)Xiao, 462 Fed. Appx.
947, 950-51 (Fed. Cir. 2011)()(1
)Bryan, 323 Fed. Appx. 898, 901 (Fed. Cir. 2009)()(
)
(
)King
Pharmaceuticals, Inc. v. Eon Labs, Inc., 616 F.3d 1267, 1279, 95USPQ2d 1833, 1842
(2010)
King Pharma
(Ngai, 367 F.3d 1336, 1339 (Fed. Cir. 2004)
);Kao, 639 F.3d 1057, 1072-73, 98 USPQ2d 1799, 1811-12 (Fed. Cir. 2011)
2112.02 [R-07.2015]
.-
King, 801 F.2d 1324, 231 USPQ 136 (Fed. Cir. 1986)(
Donley 200800
Donley
King
Donley
Donley
Id. at 138801 F.2d at
1326Donley
) Best, 562 F.2d 1252, 1255, 195 USPQ
72
430, 433 (CCPA 1977)(() X
)
Hansford Hansford
102 / 103 Hansford
X
Hansford X
2 102
103
Ex parte Novitski, 26 USPQ2d 1389 (Bd. Pat. App. & Inter.
1993)( P. cepacia
Dart
P. cepacia Wisconsin 526
Dart
Wisconsin 526 18
)
Hack, 245 F.2d 246, 248, 114 USPQ 161, 163
(CCPA 1957)
May,574 F.2d 1082, 1090, 197 USPQ 601, 607 (CCPA 1978)( 1
6 ()
2 57 10
) Tomlinson, 363 F.2d 928, 150 USPQ 623 (CCPA
1966)(
2
363 F.2d at 934
150 USPQat 628
73
2113 [R-08.2012]
I.
Thorpe, 777 F.2d 695, 698, 227 USPQ 964,
966 (Fed. Cir. 1985)()(
)
Amgen Inc. v. F. Hoffman-La
Roche Ltd., 580 F.3d 1340,1370 n 14, 92 USPQ2d 1289, 1312, n 14 (Fed. Cir.2009)
Id. at 1370(
)
Garnero, 412 F.2d 276,
279, 162 USPQ 221, 223 (CCPA 1979)( (interbonded by
interfusion)(welded)
(intermixed)(ground in place)
(press fitted)(etched)
)
II. 102 / 103
Fessmann, 489 F.2d 742, 744, 180 USPQ 324, 326 (CCPA 1974)
74
Marosi, 710 F.2d 798,
802, 218 USPQ 289, 292 (Fed. Cir. 1983)(
)
Ex parte Gray, 10 USPQ2d 1922 (Bd. Pat. App. & Inter. 1989)(
(b-NGF)
b-NGF
III. 102 / 103
102 103
USPTO
Brown,
459 F.2d 531, 535, 173 USPQ 685, 688 (CCPA 1972)USPTO 102
103
75
2114 [R-07.2015]
MPEP2181 2186
I.
Schreiber, 128F.3d
1473, 1478, 44 USPQ2d 1429, 1432 (Fed. Cir.1997)MPEP2173.05(g)
Schreiber,128 F.3d at 1478, 44 USPQ2d at 1432 Bettcher Industries, Inc. v.
Bunzl USA, Inc., 661F.3d 629, 639-40,100 USPQ2d 1433, 1440 (Fed. Cir. 2011)
Schreiber, 128 F.3dat 1478, 44 USPQ2d at 1432 ;Swinehart, 439F.2d 210, 213,
169 USPQ 226, 228 (CCPA 1971)(
PTO PTO
)
II.
Hewlett-
Packard Co. v. Bausch & Lomb Inc., 909 F.2d 1464, 1469, 15 USPQ2d 1525, 1528 (Fed.
Cir. 1990)
Ex parte Masham, 2 USPQ2d 1647 (Bd. Pat. App.
& Inter. 1987)( 1
)
III.
Donaldson, 16 F.3d 1189, 1193,29 USPQ2d 1845 (Fed. Cir. 1994)
Robertson, 169 F.3d 743, 745, 49
USPQ2d 1949, 1951 (Fed. Cir. 1999)( 3
3 2
76
3
3)
IV. 102 103
102 / 103
Translogic Technology, Inc., 504 F.3d1249, 1258, 84 USPQ2d
1929, 1935-1936 (Fed. Cir.2007)(
(coupled to)
(coupled to receive) 1
2
Intel Corp. v. U.S. Int'l Trade Commn, 946 F.2d 821, 832, 20USPQ2d
1161, 1171 (Fed. Cir. 1991)(
)Schreiber, 128 F.3d 1473, 1478, 44 USPQ2d 1429,1432
(Fed. Cir. 1997); Best, 562 F.2d 1252,1254, 195 USPQ 430, 433 (CCPA 1977);Ludtke,
441 F.2d 660, 663-64, 169 USPQ 563,566-67 (CCPA 1971);Swinehart, 439 F.2d210, 212-
13, 169 USPQ 226, 228-29 (CCPA 1971)(
)
MPEP2112
Nazomi
Communications, Inc. v. Nokia Corp., 739 F.3d1339, 1345, 109 USPQ2d 1258, 1262 (Fed
Cir.2014)(
CPU
Intel
Corp. v. U.S. Int'l Trade Commn, 846 F.2d 821, 832, 20 USPQ2d 1161, 1171(Fed. Cir.
1991)
)
77
Paulsen, 30 F.3d 1475, 1479-80, 31 USPQ2d
1671,1674 (Fed. Cir. 1994)
Paulsen
102
Leapfrog Enters., Inc.
v.Fisher-Price, Inc., 485 F.3d 1157, 1161, 82 USPQ2d1687, 1691 (Fed. Cir. 2007)(
[]
)Venner, 262 F.2d 91, 95, 120 USPQ 193, 194 (CCPA 1958)MPEP2144.04
KSR Intl Co. v. TeleflexInc., 550 U.S. 398, 417, 82 USPQ2d 1385, 1396(2007)MPEP
2143 D F
Muniauction, Inc. v. Thomson Corp., 532 F.3d
1318, 1326-27, 87USPQ2d 1350, 1357 (Fed. Cir. 2008)
MPEP2141
78
2115 [R-07.2015]
,
Otto, 312 F.2d937, 136 USPQ 458, 459 (CCPA
1963)Young, 75 F.2d 996, 25 USPQ 69 (CCPA 1935)
Otto ()
()
312 F.2d at 940
Young
Casey, 370 F.2d 576, 152 USPQ 235 (CCPA 1967)
Kienzle 1
Kienzle
at 580-81
at 580
79
2116 []
2116.01 [R-08.2012]
MPEP2143.03
Ochiai, 71 F.3d 1565, 37 USPQ2d 1127 (Fed. Cir. 1995) Brouwer, 77 F.3d 422, 37
USPQ2d 1663 (Fed. Cir. 1996)
103
103
TorPharm, Inc. v. Ranbaxy Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 336 F.3d 1322, 1327, 67
USPQ2d 1511, 1514 (Fed. Cir. 2003)
Ochiai
Brouwer, 77 F.3d at 42537 USPQ2d at 1666
103
Durden, 763 F.2d 1406, 226 USPQ 359 (Fed.
Cir. 1985)(
) Albertson, 332 F.2d 379, 141 USPQ 730 (CCPA 1964)(
Kanter,
399 F.2d 249, 158 USPQ 331 (CCPA 1968)(
)Cf. Pleuddemann, 910 F.2d 823,
15 USPQ2d 1738 (Fed. Cir. 1990)(
) Kuehl, 475 F.2d 658, 177 USPQ 250 (CCPA 1973)(
103
80
ZK-22 ZK-22
ZK-22
475 F.2d at 664-665177 USPQat 255) Mancy, 499 F.2d 1289, 182
USPQ 303 (CCPA 1974)(
)
2117-2120 []
81
2121 [R-08.2012]
I. /
Sasse, 629 F.2d 675, 207 USPQ 107 (CCPA 1980)MPEP
716.07
II.
( 102 103 ) Moreton,288 F.2d 708, 129
USPQ 227 (CCPA 1961)
III.
Impax Labs. Inc. v. Aventis Pharm.Inc., 468 F.3d 1366, 1383, 81
USPQ2d 1001, 1013 (Fed. Cir. 2006)MPEP2122
2121.01 [R-08.2012]
102
Hoeksema, 399 F.2d 269, 158 USPQ 596 (CCPA 1968)
Elan Pharm., Inc. v. Mayo Found. For Med. Educ. & Research, 346
F.3d 1051, 1054, 68 USPQ2d 1373, 1376 (Fed. Cir. 2003)(
Elan
)
Donohue, 766 F.2d 531, 226 USPQ
619 (Fed. Cir. 1985)
I. 102
102
82
/ Donohue, 766
F.2d at 533226 USPQat 621
102 MPEP2131.01
II. 103
Beckman Instruments v. LKB Produkter AB, 892 F.2d 1547, 1551, 13 USPQ2d 1301,
1304 (Fed. Cir. 1989) 103
Symbol Techs. Inc. v. Opticon
Inc., 935 F.2d 1569, 1578, 19 USPQ2d 1241, 1247 (Fed. Cir. 1991)
2121.02 [R-08.2012]
[ MPEP 102
(FITF)
100 () MPEP2150
]
I.
Hoeksema,
399 F.2d 269, 158 USPQ 596 (CCPA 1968)
Sasse, 629 F.2d
675, 207 USPQ 107 (CCPA 1980)
II.
Wiggins, 488 F.2d 538, 179 USPQ 421 (CCPA 1971)
Donohue, 766 F.2d 531, 226 USPQ 619 (Fed. Cir. 1985)(
2
102
(b)
Wiggins Wiggins
83
) Hoeksema, 399 F.2d
269, 158 USPQ 596 (CCPA 1968)((
) De Boer
De Boer
DeBoer Wiley
De Boer
)
2121.03 [R-08.2012]
LeGrice, 301 F.2d 929, 133 USPQ 365
(CCPA 1962)(
1
()
)Ex parte Thomson, 24 USPQ2d 1618 (Bd. Pat.
App. & Inter. 1992)( 1
LeGric
LeGriceby
)
Elsner, 381 F.3d 1125, 1126, 72 USPQ2d 1038, 1040 (Fed. Cir. 2004)
(PBR)
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
102 (b)381 F.3d at 112972 USPQ2d at
1041
Id. at 113172
USPQ2d at 1043
84
2121.04 [R-08.2012]
Jockmus v. Leviton, 28 F.2d 812 (2d Cir. 1928)
MPEP2125
85
2122 [R-08.2012]
Schoenwald, 964 F.2d 1122,
22 USPQ2d 1671 (Fed. Cir. 1992)(
964 F.2d at 1122112422 USPQ2d at1671, 1673
)Impax Labs.
Inc. v. Aventis Pharm. Inc., 468 F.3d 1366, 1383, 8 USPQ2d 1001, 1013 (Fed. Cir.
2006)(
)
86
2123 [R-08.2012]
I.
Heck, 699 F.2d 1331, 1332-33, 216 USPQ 1038, 1039 (Fed. Cir. 1983)(
Lemelson, 397 F.2d 1006, 1009, 158 USPQ 275, 277 (CCPA 1968))
Merck & Co. v. Biocraft Laboratories, 874 F.2d 804, 10 USPQ2d
1843 (Fed. Cir.), cert.denied, 493 U.S. 975 (1989).Upsher-Smith Labs.
v. Pamlab, LLC, 412 F.3d 1319, 1323, 75 USPQ2d 1213, 1215 (Fed. Cir. 2005)(
)Celeritas Technologies Ltd. v. Rockwell International Corp.,
150 F.3d 1354, 1361, 47 USPQ2d 1516, 1522-23 (Fed. Cir. 1998)
)
MPEP2131.05 2145X.D.
II.
Susi,440 F.2d 442, 169 USPQ 423 (CCPA 1971)
Gurley, 27 F.3d 551, 554,
31 USPQ2d 1130, 1132 (Fed. Cir. 1994)(
Gurley
Idat 55431 USPQ2d at 1132)
2
Fulton,
391 F.3d 1195, 1201, 73 USPQ2d 1141, 1146 (Fed. Cir. 2004)
87
2124 [R-
11.2013]
Wilson, 311 F.2d 266, 135 USPQ 442 (CCPA 1962)
( Corneil, 347 F.2d 563, 568, 145
USPQ 702, 705 (CCPA 1965))
( Rainer, 305 F.2d 505, 507 n.3, 134 USPQ 343, 345 n.3 (CCPA 1962))
( Marzocchi, 439 F.2d 220, 223 n.4, 169 USPQ 367, 370 n.4
(CCPA 1971))( Langer, 503 F.2d 1380,
1391, 183 USPQ 288, 297 (CCPA 1974))( Glass, 492 F.2d
1228,1232 n.6, 181 USPQ 31, 34 n.6 (CCPA 1974))
( Wilson, 311 F.2d 266, 135 USPQ 442 (CCPA 1962)) Koller, 613 F.2d 819, 823 n.5,
204 USPQ 702, 706 n.5 (CCPA 1980)( Hogan, 559 F.2d 595, 605 n.17, 194 USPQ
527, 537 n.17 (CCPA 1977))
112(a)1121
Koller, 613 F.2d 819, 823 n.
5, 204 USPQ 702, 706 n.5 (CCPA 1980)
Ex parte Erlich, 22 USPQ 1463 (Bd. Pat. App. & Inter. 1992)
2124.01 [R-08.2012]
[ MPEP 102
(FITF)
100 () MPEP2150 ]
I.
(AIA) 112-29, sec. 14, 125 Stat. 284(2011 9 16
) 102 103
()
88
2 1
2
2011 9 16 2011 9 16
2011 9 16
2011 9 16
II.
1. MPEP2111
2. 101 112
3. (
)
a. 14
b. 14
4.
102 103
MPEP2112.01III
7.06 MPEP
706.02(m)
III.
89
102 103
90
2125 [R-08.2012]
I.
Mraz, 455 F.2d 1069, 173 USPQ 25 (CCPA 1972)
Jockmus v. Leviton, 28 F.2d 812 (2d Cir. 1928)
Aslanian, 590
F.2d 911, 200 USPQ 500 (CCPA 1979)
MPEP2121.04
II.
Hockerson-
Halberstadt, Inc. v. Avia Group Intl, 222 F.3d 951, 956, 55 USPQ2d 1487, 1491
(Fed. Cir. 2000)(
)
Wright, 569 F.2d 1124, 193 USPQ 332
(CCPA 1977)( Bauer Bauer
1/2 1
Bauer
(
) Bauer
569 F.2d at 1127 193 USPQat 335-36)
91
2126 102 (a) 102 (a)(b)(d)
[R-11.2013]
I. 102 (a) 102 (a)
(b)
102 (a) 102 (a)
(b)
Ekenstam, 256 F.2d 321, 118 USPQ 349 (CCPA 1958)
102 (d)MPEP2135.01
II. 102 (a)
102 (a)(b)
102 (d)
MPEP2128 2128.01
()
102 (a) 102 (a)(b)
Carlson, 983 F.2d 1032, 1037, 25 USPQ2d 1207,
1211 (Fed. Cir. 1992)
102 (a)(b)
Carlson, 983 F.2d at 103725 USPQ2d at 1211(
Geschmacksmuster
102 (a) 102 (a)(b)
Ekenstam, 256 F.2d 321, 118 USPQ 349 (CCPA 1958)
102 (d)
102 (d)
Kathawala,9 F.3d 942, 946, 28 USPQ2d 17891788-89 (Fed. Cir. 1993) 102
(d) MPEP2135 2135.01
2126.01 [R-11.2013]
Monks, 588 F.2d
92
308, 200 USPQ 129 (CCPA 1978)
Ekenstam, 256 F.2d 321, 118 USPQ 349
(CCPA 1958)MPEP901.05
102
Chisum3.06[4]n.2
2126.02
[R-11.2013]
102 (a) 102
(a)(b)(d)
Ex parte Ovist, 152 USPQ 709, 710 (Bd.
App. 1963)(
102 (b)) Kathawala, Id. 942, 28 USPQ2d 1785 (Fed.
Cir. 1993) (
102 (d)
[
] 1
2Id. at 94428 USPQ2d at 1786
102 (d)
Id.at 945-46
28 USPQ2d at 1789)
Fuge, 272 F.2d 954, 957, 124 USPQ 105, 107 (CCPA 1959)
[]
()
102 (a)(b)(d)
102
102
93
2127 [R-07.2015]
I.
[]
1.139 [
]Lee
Pharmaceutical v. Kreps, 577 F.2d 610, 613, 198 USPQ 601, 605 (9th Cir. 1978)
1.14(a)(1)(ii)(iv)
102 (a)(2) 102 (e)
Lund, 376 F.2d 982, 991, 153 USPQ
625, 633 (CCPA 1967) (
102 (e)
)MPEP901.02 102 (e) 119
120 MPEP2136.02
2136.03 102 (a)(2) MPEP2154
.
II.
A. 102 (a)(2) 102 (e)
102 (a)(2)
102 (e)Ex Parte Stalego, 154 USPQ 52,
53 (Bd. App. 1966)
Lund, 376 F.2d 982, 153 USPQ 625 (CCPA 1967)
102 (a)(2) 102 (b)
102 (e)
MPEP2136.02 102
(a)(2)MPEP2154
B. 102 (a)(1) 102 (b)
102 (b)
1
94
Bruckelmyer v. Ground Heaters, Inc.,
445 F.3d 1374, 78 USPQ2d 1684 (Fed. Cir. 2006)
III. ()
102 (a)(1)
102 (a)(b) Wyer, 655 F.2d 221, 210 USPQ 790 (CCPA
1981)
Ex parte Haller, 103 USPQ 332 (Bd. App. 1953)
102 103
102 Wyer, 655 F.2d 221, 226,
210 USPQ 790, 794 (CCPA 1981)(
5
)()
MPEP901.05
IV.
1.14 (a)(
122 (b))
USPTO ( 1.11 (b))
2MPEP
804
102 (a)(2)
102 (e) 103 MPEP706.02(f)(2)706.02(k)
706.02(l)(1)706.02(l)(3) MPEP2154
MPEP706.02(a)8042136 MPEP2154
95
2128 [R-11.2013]
I.
Wyer,
655 F.2d 221, 210 USPQ 790 (CCPA 1981)( I.C.E. Corp. v. Armco Steel Corp.,
250 F. Supp. 738, 743, 148 USPQ 537, 540 (SDNY 1966))(
1836
Wyer,
655 F.2d at 226210 USPQat 794
Carella v. Starlight Archery, 804 F.2d 135, 231 USPQ 644 (Fed. Cir.
1986)(Starlight Archery Carella
Wisconsin Bow Hunter Association (WBHA) Carella WBHA
102 (a)
Carella 10
102 (a))
II.
A.
102
(a)(1) 102 (a)(b)
Wyer, 655 F.2d at 221, 227, 210 USPQ 790, 795 (CCPA 1981)(
)Amazon.com v. Barnesandnoble.com, 73 F. Supp. 2d
1228, 53 USPQ2d 1115, 1119 (W.D. Wash. 1999)(
()
) Epstein, 32 F.3d 1559, 31 USPQ2d 1817 (Fed. Cir. 1994)(
1
)
96
USPTO (MPEP719.05 )
Wyer, 655 F.2d at 221210 USPQat 790
USPTO
B.
() 102 (a)(1)
102 (a)(b)
MPEP901.06(a) IV.G.
C.
MPEP2121.01 2123
102 103
()
D.
MPEP904.02(c) MPEP707.05
III.
Wyer, 655 F.2d 221, 210 USPQ 790 (CCPA 1981); Hall,
781 F.2d 897, 228 USPQ 453 (Fed. Cir. 1986)
2128.01 [R-07.2015]
I.
Hall, 781 F.2d 897, 228 USPQ 453 (Fed. Cir. 1986)
Bayer,
568 F.2d 1357, 196 USPQ 670 (CCPA 1978)
Hall
97
Cronyn,890 F.2d 1158, 13 USPQ2d 1070 (Fed. Cir. 1989)
Crony
Crony
(Gulliksen v. Halberg, 75 USPQ 252, 257 (Bd. App. 1937) Ex
parte Hershberger, 96 USPQ 54, 56 (Bd. App. 1952))
Tenney, 254 F.2d 619, 117 USPQ 348 (CCPA 1958)(Rich
)(
)
[]
)
Deep Welding, Inc. v. Sciaky Bros., 417 F.2d 1227, 163 USPQ 144 (7th Cir. 1969)
(Ex parte Hershberger ) Bayer,
568 F.2d 1357, 196 USPQ 670 (CCPA 1978)(
3
)
II.
Massachusetts Institute of
Technology v. AB Fortia, 774 F.2d 1104, 1109, 227 USPQ 428, 432 (Fed. Cir. 1985)(
50 500
6)
98
102 (a)(1)
MPEP2152.02(e)
III.
George, 2 USPQ2d 1880 (Bd. Pat. App. & Inter. 1987)(
)Garret Corp. v. United States,
422 F.2d 874, 878, 164 USPQ 521, 524 (Ct. Cl.1970)(
)
Northern Telecom Inc. v. Datapoint Corp., 908 F.2d 931, 15 USPQ2d 1321 (Fed. Cir.
1990) ( AESOP-B 4
AESOP-B 50
Mitre Corporation AESOP-B
)
IV.
/
Klopfenstein, 380 F.3d 1345, 1348, 72 USPQ2d 1117, 1119 (Fed.
Cir. 2004)
14
2
3
at 134772 USPQ2d at 1118
[]
102(b)
at 1349 n.472 USPQ2d at 1120 n.4
102 (b)
99
(
)at 1350
72 USPQ2d at 1120
at 135272 USPQ2d at 1121Diomed, Inc. v. Angiodynamics, 450 F.Supp.2d 130 (D.
Mass.2006)(
)
102 (a)(1)
MPEP2152.02(e)
2128.02 [R-08.2012]
I.
Constant v. Advanced Micro-Devices, Inc., 848 F.2d 1560, 7 USPQ2d
1057 (Fed. Cir.), cert. denied, 988 U.S. 892 (1988)(
Intel
) Hall, 781
F.2d 897, 228 USPQ 453 (Fed. Cir. 1986)(
)
II.
() Schlittler, 234 F.2d 882,
110 USPQ 304 (CCPA 1956)
100
2129 [R-08.2012]
I.
102
Riverwood Intl Corp. v. R.A. Jones & Co., 324 F.3d 1346, 1354,
66 USPQ2d 1331, 1337 (Fed. Cir. 2003); Constant v. Advanced Micro-Devices Inc., 848
F.2d 1560, 1570, 7 USPQ2d 1057, 1063 (Fed. Cir. 1988)
Reading & Bates
Construction Co. v. Baker Energy Resources Corp., 748 F.2d 645, 650, 223 USPQ 1168,
1172 (Fed. Cir. 1984)(
)
II.
Nomiya, 509 F.2d 566, 571,
184 USPQ 607, 611 (CCPA 1975)(
)
III.
( 1.75 (e)MPEP608.01(m)
)
Fout, 675 F.2d 297, 301, 213 USPQ 532, 534 (CCPA 1982)(
)
Ehrreich, 590
F.2d 902, 909-910, 200 USPQ 504, 510 (CCPA 1979)(
)
Reading & Bates Construction
Co. v. Baker Energy Resources Corp., 748 F.2d 645, 650, 223 USPQ 1168, 1172 (Fed.
Cir. 1984); Ehrreich, 590 F.2d at 909-910, 200 USPQ at 510
101
IV. (IDS)
Riverwood Intl Corp. v. R.A. Jones & Co.,
324 F.3d 1346, 1354-55, 66 USPQ2d 1331, 1337-38 (Fed Cir. 2003)(
IDS
) 1.97(h)(
1.56 (b)
)
2130 []
102
2131 102 [R-11.2013]
102
Verdegaal
Bros. v. Union Oil Co. of California, 814 F.2d 628, 631, 2 USPQ2d 1051, 1053 (Fed.
Cir. 1987)
Brown v. 3M, 265
F.3d 1349, 1351, 60 USPQ2d 1375, 1376 (Fed. Cir. 2001)(2000 (Y2K)
23 4
2
)MPEP
2111.02
Richardson v. Suzuki Motor Co., 868 F.2d
1226, 1236, 9 USPQ2d 1913, 1920 (Fed. Cir. 1989)
Bond, 910 F.2d 831, 15 USPQ2d 1566 (Fed. Cir. 1990)
102 MPEP
2131.01
2131.01 102 [R-11.2013]
102
102
(A)
(B)
(C)
I III
I.
Samour, 571 F.2d 559, 197 USPQ 1 (CCPA 1978) and Donohue, 766 F.2d 531, 226
USPQ 619 (Fed. Cir. 1985)( 2
102 (b)
2
103
102
2
)
II.
Baxter Travenol
Labs., 952 F.2d 388, 21 USPQ2d 1281 (Fed. Cir. 1991)(Baxter Travenol Labs.
DEHP
DEHP Becker
[Baxter] Travenol
( Bexter Travenol
)Becker DEHP
DEHP
)
III.
Continental Can Co. USA v. Monsanto Co.,948 F.2d 1264, 1268, 20 USPQ2d 1746, 1749
(Fed. Cir. 1991)(
948 F.2d at 126820 USPQat 1749-50)
Atlas Powder Co. v. IRECO, Inc., 190 F.3d 1342, 1349, 51 USPQ2d 1943, 1948 (Fed.
Cir. 1999)(
104
(
)2
King, 801 F.2d
1324, 1327, 231 USPQ 136, 139 (Fed. Cir. 1986); Titanium Metals Corp. v. Banner,
778 F.2d 775, 782, 227 USPQ 773, 778 (Fed. Cir. 1985)
MPEP2112 2112.02
MPEP2124
2131.02 [R-11.2013]
I.
Slayter, 276 F.2d 408,
411, 125 USPQ 345, 347 (CCPA 1960); Gosteli, 872 F.2d 1008, 10 USPQ2d 1614 (Fed.
Cir. 1989)(Gosteli Markush 21
2
)
II.
Ex parte A, 17 USPQ2d 1716
(Bd. Pat. App. & Inter. 1990)( 45
Merck
Merck 11 10,000
102 (a)
)Id. at 1718 Sivaramakrishnan,
673 F.2d 1383, 213 USPQ 441 (CCPA 1982)(
105
III. ()
Sanofi-Synthelabov. Apotex,
Inc., 550 F.3d 1075, 1083, 89 USPQ2d1370, 1375 (Fed. Cir. 2008)Osram Sylvania Inc.
v. American Induction Tech., 701 F.3d698, 706, 105 USPQ2d 1368, 1374 (Fed. Cir.
2012)(
)
Ex parte A, 17 USPQ2d 1716 (Bd. Pat. App. &
Inter. 1990)
Petering, 301 F.2d 676, 133 USPQ 275 (CCPA 1962)
Petering XYZP R'
R OH
7--9-[d, l'-]-
XYZPR R'XP R'
Y ZR 8 1
20
20 1
Schauman, 572 F.2d 312, 197 USPQ 5 (CCPA 1978)
1 1 R
1
106
Meyer, 599 F.2d 1026, 202 USPQ 175 (CCPA 1979)(
)AkzoN.V. v. International Trade
Commn, 808 F.2d 1471, 1 USPQ2d 1241 (Fed. Cir. 1986)(98
98
)
MPEP2144.08
2131.03 [R-07.2015]
I.
Titanium Metals Corp.
v. Banner, 778 F.2d 775, 227 USPQ 773 (Fed. Cir. 1985)( Petering, 301 F.2d 676,
682, 133 USPQ 275, 280 (CCPA 1962)((Ni)0.6 0.9(Mo)0.2
0.4(Ti)Ti-Mo-Ni
0.25 Mo 0.75 Ni Ti
)
II.
Clear Value Inc.v. Pearl River Polymers Inc., 668 F.3d
1340, 101USPQ2d 1773 (Fed. Cir. 2012) Atofina v.Great Lakes Chem. Corp, 441 F.3d
991, 999, 78USPQ2d 1417, 1423 (Fed. Cir. 2006)
Clear Value 50ppm
150ppm
Id. at 1345, 101USPQ2d at 1777Atofina
100 500 C (150 350 C
)
330 450 C
Id. at 100078 USPQ2d at 1424
107
MPEP716.02
MPEP2131.02
102 / 103
Ex parte Lee, 31 USPQ2d
1105 (Bd. Pat. App. & Inter. 1993)()
MPEP2144.05
III.
102
103
Titanium Metals Corp. v. Banner, 778 F.2d 775, 227 USPQ 773 (Fed. Cir. 1985)(0.8
(Ni) 0.3(Mo)
0.25 Mo 0.75 Ni Ti
Ti-Mo-Ni
)
2131.04 [R-08.2012]
102
Wiggins, 488 F.2d 538,
543, 179 USPQ 421, 425 (CCPA 1973)
2131.05 [R-08.2012]
102 Twin Disc,
Inc. v. United States, 231 USPQ 417, 424 (Cl. Ct. 1986)( Self, 671 F.2d 1344,
213 USPQ 1, 7 (CCPA 1982))State Contracting & Eng g Corp. v.
Condotte America, Inc., 346 F.3d 1057, 1068, 68 USPQ2d 1481, 1488 (Fed. Cir. 2003)(
108
Celeritas Technologies Ltd. v. Rockwell International Corp., 150
F.3d 1354, 1361, 47 USPQ2d 1516, 1522-23 (Fed. Cir. 1998)(
)Upsher-Smith Labs. v.
Pamlab, LLC, 412 F.3d 1319, 1323, 75 USPQ2d 1213, 1215 (Fed. Cir. 2005)(
)Atlas Powder Co. v. IRECO, Inc., 190
F.3d 1342, 1349, 51 USPQ2d 1943, 1948 (Fed. Cir. 1999)(
)
109
2132 102 (a) [R-11.2013]
[ MPEP 100 ()
(FITF) FITF
MPEP2159
MPEP2150
102 (a)(b)MPEP2152 ]
102
(a)
****
I. KNOWN OR USED()
A. Known or Used
(
102 (a))Carellav. Starlight Archery,
804 F.2d 135, 231 USPQ 644 (Fed. Cir. 1986)
W. L. Gore & Assoc. v. Garlock, Inc.,721
F.2d 1540, 220 USPQ 303 (Fed. Cir. 1983)
MPEP2128 2128.02
B. 102 (a)
102 (a)
II.
102 (a)
102 (a)
102 (a) Ekenstam,
256 F.2d 321, 118 USPQ 349 (CCPA 1958)NAFTA( 103 182 )
( 103 465 ) 104
102 (a)
102 (a)
110
III.
102 (a)
102 (a)
102 (a)
102 (b) 1 [] Katz, 687
F.2d 450, 215 USPQ 14 (CCPA 1982)
IV.
MPEP2126
2132.01 102 (a) [R-11.2013]
[ MPEP 100 ()
(FITF) FITF
MPEP2159
MPEP2150
102 (a)(b)MPEP2152 ]
I. 102 (a)
102 (a) 1
Katz, 687 F.2d 450, 215 USPQ 14 (CCPA
1982) MPEP2128
1 102
(e) 102 (e) MPEP2136
2136.05
II.
1 102 (a)
Katz, 687 F.2d 450, 215 USPQ 14 (CCPA
1982)()
Ex parte Hirschler,
110 USPQ 384 (Bd. App. 1952)
Katz, 687 F.2d 450, 215 USPQ 14 (CCPA 1982)
111
Ex parte Kroger, 219 USPQ 370 (Bd. Pat. App. & Int. 1982)()
116 3
Searles, 422 F.2d 431, 164 USPQ 623 (CCPA
1970)
Katz, 687 F.2d 450, 215 USPQ 14 (CCPA 1982)Katz
Chiorazzi Eshhar David H. Katz
Katz
Ex parte Kroger, 219 USPQ 370 (Bd. Pat. App. & Inter. 1982)Kroger
Knaster
Kroger Rod
Kroger Rod
Knaster Kroger
Katz
Kroger Rod
Knaster
Knaster PTO
102 (f)
102 (a)MPEP2136.05
102 (e)
III. 1.131 102 (a)
102 (b)(c)(d)
1.131
Foster, 343 F.2d 980, 145 USPQ 166 (CCPA 1965)
1.131
1.132
Facius,408 F.2d 1396, 161 USPQ 294 (CCPA 1969) 1.131
MPEP715
112
2133 102 (b) [R-07.2015]
[ MPEP 100 ()
(FITF) FITF
MPEP2159
MPEP2150
102 (a)(b)MPEP2152 ]
102
*****
(b) 1
*****
I. 1
102 (b)
11
Ex parte Olah, 131 USPQ 41 (Bd. App. 1960)
1.10
() PTO 1.6 (a)(2)
1.10
(1
)
II. 1
1
Katz, 687 F.2d 450, 454, 215 USPQ 14, 17 (CCPA 1982)1
1
Foster, 343 F.2d 980, 145 USPQ
166 (CCPA 1966) MPEP706.02
2133.01 (CIP) [R-11.2013]
[ MPEP 100 ()
(FITF) FITF
MPEP2159
MPEP2150
102 (a)(b)MPEP2152 ]
113
1
102 (b)
Paperless Accounting v. Bay Area Rapid Transit System,
804 F.2d 659, 665, 231 USPQ 649, 653 (Fed. Cir. 1986)
2133.02 [R-11.2013]
[ MPEP 100 ()
(FITF) FITF
MPEP2159
MPEP2150
102 (a)(b)MPEP2152 ]
I. 102 (b)
1
102 (b)
De Graffenried v. United States, 16 USPQ2d 1321, 1330 n.7 (Cl. Ct. 1990)
Bonito Boats, Inc.
v. Thunder Craft Boats, Inc., 489 U.S. 141, 148, 9 USPQ2d 1847, 1851 (1989)
II. 102 (b)
102(b)1.131(131)
1
Foster, 343 F.2d 980, 984, 145 USPQ 166, 170 (CCPA 1965)
2133.03 [R-11.2013]
[ MPEP 100 ()
(FITF)
FITF MPEP
2159 MPEP2150
102
MPEP2152.02(c)(e)]
102 (b)
1 2
Dart Indus. v. E.I. du Pont de Nemours & Co., 489 F.2d 1359, 1365, 179 USPQ
392, 396 (7th Cir. 1973)
114
Hobbs v. United States, 451 F.2d 849, 859-60, 171 USPQ 713,
720 (5th Cir. 1971)
2
102 (b)MPEP
2133.03(a)2133.03(e)(1)
MPEP
2133.03(a)2133.03(e)(7)
MPEP2133.03(c)
2133.03(e)2133.03(e)(6)
102 (b)
103
LaBounty Mfg. v. United States Intl Trade Commn, 958
F.2d 1066, 1071, 22 USPQ2d 1025, 1028 (Fed. Cir. 1992)
I.
(A) []
RCA Corp. v. Data Gen. Corp.,
887 F.2d 1056, 1062, 12 USPQ2d 1449, 1454 (Fed. Cir. 1989)
(B)
RCA Corp. v.
Data Gen. Corp., 887 F.2d 1056, 1062, 12 USPQ2d 1449, 1454 (Fed. Cir. 1989)MPEP
2133.03(e)(1)
(C)
Manville Sales Corp. v. Paramount Sys., Inc.,917 F.2d 544, 549, 16 USPQ2d 1587,
1591 (Fed. Cir. 1990)
2133.03(a) [R-11.2013]
[ MPEP 100 ()
(FITF) FITF
MPEP2159
MPEP2150
102 MPEP
2152.02(c)(e)]
I.
102 (b)
Invitrogen Corp. v. Biocrest
Manufacturing L.P., 424 F.3d 1374, 76 USPQ2d 1741 (Fed. Cir. 2005)
115
102 (b)
(1)(2)
Pfaff
2
Id. at 138076 USPQ2d at 1744
MPEP2133.03(c)
2
2
Egbert v. Lippmann,104 U.S. 333, 336 (1881)
II. 102 (b)
102 (b)
102 (b)TP Labs.,
Inc., v. Professional Positioners, Inc., 724 F.2d 965, 970, 220 USPQ 577, 581 (Fed.
Cir. 1984)
102 (a)
MPEP2132
A.
Invitrogen, 424 F.3d at 138276 USPQ2d at 1745-46(
)
1.
[
] 102
(b)
TP Labs., Inc. v.
Professional Positioners, Inc., 724 F.2d 965, 972, 220 USPQ 577, 583 (Fed. Cir.
1983)
116
2.
102 (b)
Blaisdell, 242 F.2d 779, 783, 113 USPQ 289, 292 (CCPA 1957); Hall v. Macneale, 107
U.S. 90, 96-97 (1882) Ex parte Kuklo, 25 USPQ2d 1387, 1390 (Bd. Pat. App. & Inter.
1992)(
3.
Moleculon
Research Corp. v. CBS, Inc., 793 F.2d 1261, 1265, 229 USPQ 805, 809 (Fed. Cir.
1986)(
)
4.
Bernhardt, L.L.C. v. Collezione Europa USA,
Inc., 386 F.3d 1371, 1380-81, 72 USPQ2d, 1901, 1909 (Fed. Cir. 2004)( Moleculon
Research Corp. v. CBS Inc., 793 F.2d 1261, 1266, 229 USPQ 805, 808 (Fed. Cir. 1986))
Bernhardt, 386 F.3d at 138172 USPQ2d at
1909Invitrogen, 424 F.3d at 137976 USPQ2d at 1744MPEP 2133.03
[]Bernhardt, 386
F.3d at 138172 USPQ2d at 1909Bernhardt
ID
B.
117
102 (b)
Smith,
714 F.2d 1127, 1134, 218 USPQ 976, 983 (Fed. Cir. 1983)
Moleculon Research Corp.
v. CBS, Inc., 793 F.2d 1261, 1265, 229 USPQ 805, 809 (Fed. Cir. 1986)
Ex parte C, 27 USPQ2d 1492, 1499 (Bd. Pat. App. & Inter. 1992)(
)Egbert v. Lippmann,
104 U.S. 333, 336 (1881)(
)
C.
Bird Provision Co.
v. Owens Country Sausage, Inc., 568 F.2d 369, 374-76, 197 USPQ 134, 138-40 (5th Cir.
1978)
Gillman v. Stern, 114
F.2d 28, 46 USPQ 430 (2d Cir. 1940); Dunlop Holdings, Ltd. v. Ram Golf Corp., 524
F.2d 33, 36-7, 188 USPQ 481, 483-484 (7th Cir. 1975)
W.L. Gore & Assocs. v. Garlock, Inc., 721 F.2d 1540, 1550, 220
USPQ 303, 310 (Fed. Cir. 1983)
Lockwood v. American Airlines, Inc., 41 USPQ2d 1961, 1964-65
(Fed. Cir. 1997)(SABRE
[]
())
Manville Sales Corp. v. Paramount Sys., Inc., 917 F.2d 544,
549, 16 USPQ2d 1587, 1591 (Fed. Cir. 1990)( King Instrument Corp. v. Otari Corp.,
767 F.2d 833, 860, 226 USPQ 402, 406 (Fed. Cir. 1985))
118
Chemithon Corp. v. Proctor
& Gamble Co., 287 F. Supp. 291, 308, 159 USPQ 139, 154 (D.Md. 1968), affd., 427
F.2d 893, 165 USPQ 678 (4th Cir. 1970)
102
(f) 102 (g)
Dunlop Holdings Ltd. v. RamGolf Corp., 524 F.2d 33, 188 USPQ 481 (7th Cir. 1975)
MPEP2137 2138
2133.03(b) [R-11.2013]
[ MPEP 100 ()
(FITF) FITF
MPEP2159
MPEP2150
102 MPEP
2152.02(c)(e)]
1
Ferag AG v. Quipp, Inc., 45 F.3d 1562, 1565, 33 USPQ2d 1512, 1514 (Fed. Cir.
1995) 102 (b)(1)
(2)
Pfaff v. Wells Elecs., Inc., 525 U.S. 55, 67, 48 USPQ2d 1641, 1646-47
(1998)
Linear Tech. Corp. v. Micrel, Inc., 275 F.3d 1040, 1048, 61
USPQ2d 1225, 1229 (Fed. Cir. 2001), petition for cert. filed, 71 USLW 3093 (Jul. 03,
2002) (No. 02-39)Group One, Ltd. v. HallmarkCards, Inc., 254 F.3d 1041,1047, 59
USPQ2d 1121, 1126 (Fed. Cir. 2001)(
(UCC))
I.
Caveney, 761 F.2d
671, 676, 226 USPQ 1, 4 (Fed. Cir. 1985)
Linear Tech., 275 F.3d at 1052-5461 USPQ2d
at 1233-34(
102 (b)
)
A.
119
Strong v. General Elec. Co., 434 F.2d 1042, 1046, 168 USPQ 8,
12 (5th Cir. 1970)
B.
102 (b) Rinehart, 524 F.2d
1393, 1401, 187 USPQ 593, 599 (CCPA 1975)(
)
C. 1
102 (b)
Consolidated Fruit-Jar Co. v. Wright, 94 U.S. 92, 94 (1876)Atlantic
Thermoplastics Co. v. Faytex Corp., 970 F.2d 834, 836-37, 23 USPQ2d 1481, 1483 (Fed.
Cir. 1992)
D.
102 (b)
Moleculon Research Corp. v. CBS, Inc., 793 F.2d 1261, 1267,
229 USPQ 805, 809 (Fed. Cir. 1986) Elan Corp., PLC v. Andrx Pharms.
Inc., 366 F.3d 1336, 1341, 70 USPQ2d 1722, 1728 (Fed. Cir. 2004) Kollar, 286 F.3d
1326, 1330 n.3, 1330-1331, 62 USPQ2d 1425, 1428 n.3, 1428-1429 (Fed. Cir. 2002)(
(
)
(
))Group One, Ltd. v. Hallmark Cards, Inc., 254 F.3d 1041,
1049 n. 2, 59 USPQ2d 1121, 1129 n. 2 (Fed. Cir. 2001)
E.
Caveney, 761 F.2d 671, 676, 226
USPQ 1, 4 (Fed. Cir. 1985)
Ferag AG v. Quipp, Inc., 45 F.3d 1562, 1566, 33 USPQ2d
1512, 1515 (Fed. Cir. 1995)(
)
II.
(
) 102 (b)
Group One, Ltd. v. Hallmark Cards, Inc., 254 F.3d 1041,1048,
59 USPQ2d 1121, 1126 (Fed. Cir. 2001)
A.
120
Theis, 610 F.2d 786, 791, 204 USPQ 188, 192 (CCPA 1979)
UMC Elecs. v. United
States, 816 F.2d 647, 653, 2 USPQ2d 1465, 1469 (Fed. Cir. 1987)
Wende v. Horine, 225 F. 501 (7th
Cir. 1915)
B.
Buildex v. Kason Indus., Inc.,
849 F.2d 1461, 1463-64, 7 USPQ2d 1325, 1327-28 (Fed. Cir. 1988)
Weatherchem Corp. v. J.L. Clark Inc., 163 F.3d 1326, 1333, 49 USPQ2d 1001, 1006-07
(Fed. Cir. 1998)(
)
C.
J. A. La Porte, Inc. v. Norfolk Dredging Co.,
787 F.2d 1577, 1582, 229 USPQ 435, 438 (Fed. Cir. 1986)
(MPEP2133.03(c))
Pfaff v. Wells Elecs., Inc. , 525 U.S. 55, 67, 119 S.Ct. 304, 311-12, 48 USPQ2d
1641, 1647 (1998)Micro Chemical, Inc. v. Great Plains Chemical Co.,
103 F.3d 1538, 1545, 41 USPQ2d 1238, 1243 (Fed. Cir. 1997)(
)Shatterproof Glass Corp. v. Libbey-Owens Ford Co.,
758 F.2d 613, 225 USPQ 634 (Fed. Cir. 1985)(
)Barmag Barmer Maschinenfabrik AG v. Murata Mach., Ltd.,
731 F.2d 831, 221 USPQ 561 (Fed. Cir. 1984)(
102 (b)
)
D.
Elan Corp., PLC v. Andrx Pharms. Inc., 366 F.3d 1336,
1341, 70 USPQ2d 1722, 1728 (Fed. Cir. 2004)
70 USPQ2d
at 1726 Elan
121
III.
A.
102
(b)Hobbs
v. United States, 451 F.2d 849, 171 USPQ 713, 720 (5th Cir. 1971)
B.
Electric Storage Battery Co. v. Shimadzu, 307
U.S. 5, 41 USPQ 155 (1938); Blaisdell, 242 F.2d 779, 783, 113 USPQ 289, 292 (CCPA
1957); CTS Corp. v. Electro Materials Corp. of America, 469 F. Supp. 801, 819, 202
USPQ 22, 38 (S.D.N.Y. 1979)
C.
Ferag AG v. Quipp, Inc., 45 F.3d 1562, 1567, 33 USPQ2d 1512,
1516 (Fed. Cir. 1995)(
)
RCA Corp.
v. Data Gen. Corp., 887 F.2d 1056, 1060, 12 USPQ2d 1449, 1452 (Fed. Cir. 1989)
Envirotech Corp. v. Westech Eng
fg, Inc., 904 F.2d 1571, 1576, 15 USPQ2d 1230, 1234 (Fed. Cir. 1990)(
)
IV.
A.
1
Caveney, 761 F.2d 671, 675-76, 226 USPQ 1, 3-
4 (Fed. Cir. 1985)
B.
122
102 (b) 103
Epstein, 32 F.3d 1559, 31 USPQ2d 1817 (Fed. Cir.
1994)(
1)
2133.03(c) [R-11.2013]
[ MPEP 100 ()
(FITF)
FITF
MPEP2159 MPEP
2150 102
MPEP2152.02(c)(e)]
102
*****
(b) 1
*****
I.
In Pfaff v. Wells Elecs., Inc., 525 U.S. 55, 66-68, 48 USPQ2d 1641, 1647 (1998)
102 (b)
2
2[ 1
]
Id.at 67,
119 S.Ct.at 311-1248 USPQ2d at 1646-47
Invitrogen Corp. v. Biocrest Manuf.,
424 F.3d 1374, 1379, 76 USPQ2d 1741, 1744 (Fed. Cir. 2005)( 102 (b)
)(Pfaff )
2
Id. at 67199
S.Ct.at 311-1248 USPQ2d at 1647(
1
123
Weatherchem Corp. v. J.L. Clark Inc., 163 F.3d 1326,
1333, 49 USPQ2d 1001, 1006-07 (Fed. Cir. 1998)(
)
1
Vanmoor v. Wal-Mart Stores, Inc., 201 F.3d 1363,
1366-67, 53 USPQ2d 1377, 1379 (Fed. Cir. 2000)(
Pfaff
) Hamilton, 882
F.2d 1576, 1580, 11 USPQ2d 1890, 1893 (Fed. Cir. 1989)(
)Abbott
Laboratories v. Geneva Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 182 F.3d 1315, 1319, 51 USPQ2d 1307,
1310 (Fed. Cir. 1999)(
102 (b)STX LLC. v. Brine
Inc., 211 F.3d 588, 591, 54 USPQ2d 1347, 1350 (Fed. Cir. 2000)(
)
Field v. Knowles, 183 F.2d 593, 601, 86 USPQ 373, 379 (CCPA
1950) Steinberg v. Seitz, 517 F.2d 1359, 1363, 186 USPQ 209, 212 (CCPA 1975)
Atlantic Thermoplastics Co. v. Faytex Corp., 970 F.2d 834, 836-
37, 23 USPQ2d 1481, 1483 (Fed. Cir. 1992)
II. 1.131
1.131
1
See Foster, 343 F.2d 980, 987-88, 145 USPQ 166, 173 (CCPA 1965) Dart Indus.
v. E.I. duPont de Nemours & Co., 489 F.2d 1359, 1365, 179 USPQ 392, 396 (7th Cir.
1973)MPEP715.10
124
III.
102 (b) Kollar, 286 F.3d 1326,
1332, 62 USPQ2d 1425, 1429 (Fed. Cir. 2002)
102 (b)
Id. at 133362 USPQ2d at 1429D.L.
Auld Co. v. Chroma Graphics Corp., 714 F.2d 1144, 1147-48, 219 USPQ 13, 15-16 (Fed.
Cir. 1983)(
);W.L. Gore & Assocs., Inc. v. Garlock, Inc., 721 F.2d 1540, 1550, 220 USPQ
303, 310 (Fed. Cir. 1983) 102 (b)
Scaltech, Inc. v. Retec/Tetra, L.L.C., 269 F.3d 1321, 1328, 60 USPQ2d 1687, 1691(Fed.
Cir. 2001)( 1
102 (b)
)
Minton v. National Assn. of Securities Dealers, Inc., 336
F.3d 1373, 1378, 67 USPQ2d 1614, 1618 (Fed. Cir. 2003)(
)
Poly-America LP v. GSE Lining Tech. Inc., 383 F.3d 1303, 1308-
09, 72 USPQ2d 1685, 1688-89 (Fed. Cir. 2004)(
)
2133.03(d) [R-11.2013]
[ MPEP 100 ()
(FITF) FITF
MPEP2159
MPEP2150
102 MPEP
2152.02(c)(e)]
125
102 (b)
Gandy v. Main Belting Co., 143 U.S. 587, 593 (1892)
Robbins
Co. v. Lawrence Mfg. Co., 482 F.2d 426, 433, 178 USPQ 577, 583 (9th Cir. 1973)
()
CTS Corp. v. Piher Intl Corp., 593 F.2d 777, 201 USPQ 649 (7th Cir. 1979)
2133.03(e) [R-11.2013]
[ MPEP 100 ()
(FITF) FITF
MPEP2159
MPEP2150
102 MPEP
2152.02(c)(e)]
Allen Engg Corp. v. Bartell Indus., Inc., 299 F.3d 1336, 1354, 63 USPQ2d 1769,
1780 (Fed. Cir. 2002) EZ Dock v. Schafer Sys., Inc., 276 F.3d 1347, 1356-57,
61 USPQ2d 1289, 1295-96 (Fed. Cir. 2002)(Linn, J., )
102 (b)
102 (b)
LaBounty Mfg. v. United States Intl Trade
Commn, 958 F.2d 1066, 1071, 22 USPQ2d 1025, 1028 (Fed. Cir. 1992)( Pennwalt
Corp. v. Akzona Inc., 740 F.2d 1573, 1581, 222 USPQ 833, 838 (Fed. Cir. 1984))
Smith,
714 F.2d 1127, 1134, 218 USPQ 976, 983 (Fed. Cir. 1983)
2133.03(e)(1) [R-11.2013]
[ MPEP 100 ()
(FITF) FITF
MPEP2159
MPEP2150
102 MPEP
2152.02(c)(e)]
126
1
1
Theis, 610 F.2d 786, 793, 204 USPQ 188, 194 (CCPA 1979)
I.
102 (b)
Theis, 610 F.2d 786, 793, 204 USPQ 188, 194
(CCPA 1979); Robbins Co. v. Lawrence Mfg. Co., 482 F.2d 426, 433, 178 USPQ 577, 582
(9th Cir. 1973)
Ushakoff v. United States, 327 F.2d 669, 140
USPQ 341 (Ct.Cl. 1964) Cloud v. Standard Packaging Corp., 376 F.2d 384, 153 USPQ
317 (7th Cir. 1967)
II.
MPEP2133.03 102 (b)
(MPEP2133.03(c)) 102 (b)
(A)
(B) (Akron Brass Co. v. Elkhart Brass Mfg. Co., 353 F.2d 704, 709, 147
USPQ 301, 305 (7th Cir. 1965)(Amphe