课标人教实验版高一 Module 4

Unit 4

GrammarGrammar

Answer key for Exercise 1.

defence, likely, Italy, canteen, represent,

dash, approach, association, cheek, flight

Discovering useful words and expressionsDiscovering useful words and expressions

Answer key for Exercise 2.

approached, Jordan, cheek, curiously,

dashed, misunderstood, contrary

Answer key for Exercise 3.

crossroads, adult, major, dormitory,

greeted, representing, association,

spoken, Colombia, curious, flight

一 : V-ing 形式由 “ do ＋ ing” 构成 ,

其否定形式是 “ not doing”, V-ing 可以带宾语或状语构成 V-ing 短语 , 没有人称和数的变化 , 但有时态和语态的变化。

一 : V-ing 形式由 “ do ＋ ing” 构成 ,

其否定形式是 “ not doing”, V-ing 可以带宾语或状语构成 V-ing 短语 , 没有人称和数的变化 , 但有时态和语态的变化。

Grammar

V-ing 形式V-ing 形式

　语态时态

主动语态 被动语态

一般式

完成式(not) doing(not) doing (not) being done(not) being done

(not)having done(not)having done

(not)having been done(not)having been done

V-ing 形式在句中作定语和状语是本单元的学习重点。 V-ing 形式在句中作定语和状语是本单元的学习重点。

1. 作定语 V-ing 形式可以单独充当名词的前置修饰

语 , 这时有两种情况。1) -ing 形式表示 “供作 ...... 之用”的意思 ,

这类作定语的 -ing 形式过去叫动名词。 A swimming pool

= a pool for swimming

1. 作定语 V-ing 形式可以单独充当名词的前置修饰

语 , 这时有两种情况。1) -ing 形式表示 “供作 ...... 之用”的意思 ,

这类作定语的 -ing 形式过去叫动名词。 A swimming pool

= a pool for swimming

A sleeping carA sleeping car = a car for sleeping= a car for sleeping

2) -ing 形式表示 “ ...... 的” 意思 , 过去叫现在分词 A sleeping child

working people

the rising sun

-ing 形式短语作定语时一般放在它所修饰的名词之后 , 相当于一个定语从句。如 :

They are visitors coming from several

countries.

The boy standing there is a classmate

of mine.

2. 作状语 可以表示时间 , 原因 , 结果 , 条件 ,

行为方式或伴随动作等。

2. 作状语 可以表示时间 , 原因 , 结果 , 条件 ,

行为方式或伴随动作等。

Using your head, you’ll find a good

way. 条件

1) Four people entered the room looking

around in a curious way.

= Four people enter the room and looke

d around in a curious way.

( 伴随动作 )

2) Being poor, he couldn’t afford a TV se

t.

1) Four people entered the room looking

around in a curious way.

= Four people enter the room and looke

d around in a curious way.

( 伴随动作 )

2) Being poor, he couldn’t afford a TV se

t. ( 原因 )

3) Working hard, you’ll surely

succeed. 条件4) The boy sat in front of the farm-

house, cutting the branch. 伴随

5) He came running back to tell me the

news. 方式

6) (When) Hearing the news, he got f

rightened.

= When he heard the news, he got fri

ghtened.

( 时间 , 可以在分词前保留 when )

6) (When) Hearing the news, he got f

rightened.

= When he heard the news, he got fri

ghtened.

( 时间 , 可以在分词前保留 when )

7) The child slipped and fell, hitting

his head against the door. 结果

Attention Please

-ing 形式作状语时 , 它的逻辑主语必须与主句的主语是一致的。

Time permitting, I will pay a visit to the

whole city.

　 ( 分词的逻辑主语是 time , 而句子的主语是 I , 两者不构成主谓关系 , 所以只能用独立主格结构 , 也就是给现在分词补充一个主语。 )

the British ladythe Columbian

the Japanese the Canadian

You see her step back appearing surprised.

His nose touches Mr. Cook’s moving hand.

You see her step back appearing

surprised.

= You see her step back and she appears

surprised.

They also express their feelings using

unspoken language.

=They also express their feelings by

the way of using unspoken language.

His nose touched Mr. Cook’s moving

hand.

=His nose touched Mr. Cook’s hand

which is moving.

= They are visitors who come from

several countries.

They are visitors coming from several

countries.

= This is an experience which is exciting.

This is an exciting experience.

1. When he approached Ms Smith, he

touched her shoulder and kissed her.

______ ___________ Ms Smith, he

touched her shoulder and kissed her.

Rewrite the following sentences.

When approaching

2. The person who is translating the songs

can speak seven languages.

The person _________ ___ ______can

speak seven languages.

translating the songs

3. The boy standing there is reading a

book about body language.

The boy ____ __ ________ there is

reading a book about body language.

who is standing

4. Because he comes from Jordan, he

moves close to ask you a question.

_______ _____ Jordan, he moves close

to ask you a question.

Coming from

5. She sat at the desk and did her

homework.

She sat at the desk ______ ____

__________.

doing her

homework

Grammar work 语法专练用所给动词的适当形式填空。1. Not ________(know) his address, I cou

ldn’t go to see him yesterday.

2. Look out for cars when _______(cross)

the street.

3. Not _________________ (invite) to the

party, Mary was greatly hurt.

knowing

crossing

having been invited

4. He dived into the water, ______ (leave)

only his face exposed.

5. When I got back home I saw a message

pinned to the door, _______ (read)

“Sorry to miss you; I will call later.”

6. _______ (take) a deep breath, they dive

d into the water.

7. ____________ (close) the windows and

the door, the students left the room.

leaving

reading

Taking

Having closed

Grammar quiz 语法小测 1. When _____ different cultures, we oft

en pay attention only to the

differences without noticing many si

milarities.

A. compared B. being compared

C. comparing D. having compared

C

2. Whenever he was asked why he was la

te for class, he would answer careles

sly, always ______ the same thing.

A. saying B. said

C. to say D. having said

A

3. There are hundreds of visitors _____

in front of the Art Gallery to have a

look at Van Gogh’s paintings.

A. waited B. to wait

C. waiting D. wait

C

4. ______ , the more expensive the ca

mera, the better its quality.

A. General speaking

B. Speaking general

C. Generally speaking

D. Speaking generally

C

5. “You can’t catch me!” Janet

shouted, _______ away.

A. run

B. running

C. to run

D. ran

B

1. Having not seen the film, I can’t tell

you what I think of it.

2. The men worked for extra hours got an

extra pay.

3. Seen from the top of the hill, we find

the city more beautiful.

4. Generally speak, facial expressions are

helpful communications, too.

Not having

working

Seeing

speaking

单句改错

5. “ Can’t you read?” the man said,

angrily pointed to the notice on the wall.

6. Knocking at the door before entering,

please.

7. European football is played in 80

countries, made it the most popular sport

in the world.

pointing

Knock

making