( 倒装句 )

InversionInversion

She is a nice girl.

英语句子的语

序英语句子的 自然语序 ：

英语句子的 倒装结构 :

主语在前，谓语动词在后

谓语动词放在主语之前

自然语序

Is she a nice girl? 倒装语序

完全倒装 半倒装

* 完全倒装：

* 部分倒装：

全部谓语放在主语之前

只把助动词 , 情态动词或连系动词放在主语之前， 谓语的主体部分仍在主语之后

__________

__________

英语倒装句分为两种：

There is a table in the room.

Why did you do it like that?

Can you tell the following ?

完全倒装

部分倒装

一、完全倒装

1. 在 there, here 引导的句子中，谓语是 be, exist, live,lie 等表示状态的不及 物动词。

There is nobody in the classroom.There seems something wrong with my radio.There stands a temple on the top of the mountain.

2 、在 there, here 引导的句子中 , 谓语动词用 come,go,follow,enter,rush,occur( 发生 ) 等。

There goes the bell. There happened an event last week.Here comes your husband.

注意主语是人称代词 时，则不需倒装。 Here he comes. Here it is.

3 、副词 now,then,thus （因此，如此） 引导的句子里，谓语 come,follow,begin,end,be 等．Now comes your turn!Then followed another shot of gun.Thus ended the meeting.

4.in,out,down,up,over,away,off,back,below 等副词作状语置于句首时，谓语常用动词有 come,go,rush, 等不及物动词。

Up and up go the prices.

Off went the horses.

Down came the brown waves!

但如果主语是人称代词则不用倒装。

Back they fought. （ fight back 还击） Up it flew.

５、在直接引语全部或部分置于句首时，引用动词和它的主语（名词）往往要倒装。

“You’ve made great progress this term.” said the teacher.

“Tom”,said his father, “ You shouldn’t make friends with such boys!”

注意：

1) 主语是代词时，倒装不倒装都可以。“Where are you going?”asked he. (He asked.)

2) 引用动词另有宾语时，即使主语是名词也不倒装。“Why didn’t you join us!”Our monitor asked us.

6 、谓语谓语是 be, 表语表语提前时，整

个句子需倒装。

Happy is he who devoted himself to the cause of communism.

Such was Albert Einstein, a single man of great achievements.

7 、地点状语提前，为了保持句子

平衡且谓语是 be , stand, sit ,

lie, come 等动词时。On every piece of paper was a picture of a horse.

From a speaker on the wall comes the doctor’s voice.

On the ground lay a goat.

二、部分倒装1 、在以 so, nor, neither 开头的句子里。

(… 也是 ; … 也不是）

A fish can swim and so can I.

I get up at seven and so does my brother.

He didn’t do it and neither did I.

He didn’t smoke, nor did he drink.

１）如果后一个句子只是单纯的重复前面句子的意思，则不倒装 . （…确实是）

--It is hot today. --So it is.

--He finished it on time. --So he did.

注意：

２）如按照别人的意思做了什么事， so 也不用倒装 (… 某人照办了）

The teacher asked me to read louder ,

and I did so.

3) 当前面的句子中主语、谓语或肯否定形式不同时，则用 so it is with…. 句型来表示。

Tom likes singing, but he doesn't like dancing. So it is with Mary.

Tom is clever and he studies hard.

So it is with Mary.

2 、在疑问句里。

Do you have an English class every day?

What did the two cheats pretend to be doing?

3 、在不带 if 的虚拟条件从句中。

(=If he should be interested in this subject, …)

Should he be interested in this subject, he might work hard at it.

Had I known the answer, I should have told you.

(=If I had known the answer, I should have …)

never, hardly,

scarcely 几乎不，仅仅，决不

seldom, little,

barely 仅够，几乎没有

rarely 不常，很少

nowhere 无处，到处都无

by no means 决不

in no case,

at no time 决不

not …until

hardly (scarcely)…when,

no sooner….than( 一… .. 就 )

4. 在否定或半否定词放句首表示强调时， 部分倒装。

Never before have I met him.

Hardly did I think it possible.

Not a single paper did the scholar write the whole term （条款，条件） .

Seldom did the boy read newspaper.

Little do I dream of seeing such wonderful scenery （风景，景色） .

Not until mom came back did she know the truth.

Hardly had he entered the house when it began to rain.

No sooner had they entered the house than it began to rain.

1) 当上述单词不提前时，则不倒装。

I seldom read newspaper before.

He had hardly finished his homework

when the light went out.

注 意注 意

2) 当这些词作形容词修饰主语时且置句首

时，句子不倒装。

Little work was done yesterday.

5.Neither..nor 连接的两个句子两个句子都要倒装；

not only…but also 连接的两个句子时，

not only 后面的句子要倒装 ,

but also 不倒装

1)Neither has he called on her, nor will he do so.

2)Not only shall we learn from books,

but also we should learn from practice.

6. 当 "so (such)...that..." 结构中的so 或 such 位于句首句首 时 , 构成部分倒装句。

So busy is the dentist that he has no time to spare.

7. only 位于句首 , 修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句时 , 要用部分倒装。

注意 :

only 修饰状语从句时 , 主句中倒装 ,从句中不倒装 ;

only 修饰的不是状语时 , 则不用倒装语序。

Only the teachers can come in.

only +

Prep. phrase

时间副词

When--clause

+助动词+主语+谓语

Only yesterday did he leavefor Tokyo.

Only when he came back could we know the results.

他只有昨天动身去东京。

只有当他回来时我们才能知道结果。

主句

从句

Only in this way can we work out the math problem.

只有用这种方式我们才能算出这道数学题。

当 however, no matter how 引导让步状语从句时 , 常把 however / no matter how + 形容词 / 副词放在句首 , 此时主谓不倒装。

No matter how well a poem is translated ,something of the spirit of the original work is lost.

当 as / though 引导让步状语从句时 , 可出现

“ 名词 / 形容词 / 副词 / 分词 + as + 主语 + 动词”或

“ 动词 + as + 主语 + 助动词的倒装形式。当表语是名词时 , 名词前不加任何冠词。 Tired as he was, he continued to work.

模拟题

1. So difficult ________ it to live inan English-speaking country thatI determined to learn English well. A.I have felt B. have I felt C. I did feel D. did I feel

2. ________ snacks and drinks, but they also brought cards for entertainment when they had a picnic in the forest.

A. Not only they broughtB. Not only did they bring C. Not only brought they D.Not only they did bring

3. Only when your identity has been checked, ________.

A. you are allowed in B. you will be allowed in C. will you allow in D. will you be allowed in

4. ________, I have never seen anyone who's as capable as John.

A. As long as I have traveled B. Now that I have traveled so much C. Much as I have traveled D. As I have traveled so much

5. You should try to get a good night's sleep ________ much work you have to do.

A. however B. no matter

C. although D. whatever

6. On the wall ________ two large portraits.

A. hangs B. hang

C. hanged D. hanging

7. Be quick! ________ .

A. The bus comes here

B. The bus here comes

C. Here the bus comes

D. Here comes the bus

8. The old couple have been married for 40 years and never once ________ with each other.

A. they had quarreled B. they have quarreled C. have they quarreled D. had they quarreled

9. Not a single song ________ at yesterday's party.

A. she sang B. sang she

C. did she sing D. she did sing

10. Only in this way ________ to

make improvement in the

operating system.

A. you can hope B. you did hope

C. can you hope D. did you hope

11. Not only ___ interested in football but ____

beginning to show an interest in it.

A. the teacher himself is; all his students are

B. the teacher himself is; are all his students

C. is the teacher himself; are all his students

D. is the teacher himself; all his students are

12. -Do you know Jim quarreled

with his brothers?

-I don't know, and ________ .

A. nor don't I care

B. nor do I care

C. I don't care neither

D. I don't care also

13. -You forgot your purse when

you went out.

-Good heaven, ________ .

A. so did I B. I did so

C. so I did D. I so did

14. ________ got into the room ________ the telephone rang.

A. He hardly had; then B. Hardly had he; when C. He had not; than D. Not had he; when

15. ________ for the free tickets, I wouldn't have gone to the films so

often. A. If it is not B. Were it not C. Had it not been D. If they were not

16. ________ it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge.

A. Were B. Should

C. Would D. Will

17. ________ , Mother will wait for him to have dinner together.

A. However late is he B. However he is late C. However is he late D. However late he is

18. We'll have to finish the job, ________ .

A. long it takes however B. it takes however long C. long however it takes D. however long it takes

19 Out _____________.A. rushed the children B. did the children rushC. the children rushed D. rushed the children did

A

20 On the bed ___________.

A. lay a poor old lady B. a poor old lady layC. did a poor old lady lie D. a poor old lady did lie

A

21 Round the corner _____________.A. a large policeman walked B. walked a large policemanC. did a large policeman walk D. did walk a large policeman

B

22 Only after the New China________, ________ to go to school.A. was founded; he was able B. was found; was he ableC. was founded; was he able D. was found; he was able

C

23 Only by practising a few hours every day ________be able to master the language.

A. you can B. can you C. you will D. will you

D

A. so does Dave B. so is Dave C. so goes Dave D. Dave is so

24 I’m going to the meeting, and _____________.B

A. So do I B. I do so C. So I do D. So do you

25 —I see you enjoy music very much.—_______. I’m a music fan.C

A. So he has; so you have B. So he has; so have you

C. So has he; so have you D. So has he; so you have

26 —David has made great progress recently.—_______ and ________.

B

27 Tom couldn’t go to school, __________find a job.A. either he could B. either could heC. neither he could D. neither could he

D

28 Ms. Jones does not like shopping, ___________.A. and she does like gardening B. nor she does like gardeningC. or does she like gardening D. nor does she like gardening

D

A. so didn’t I B. Nor I didn’t C. Neither did I D. I didn’t so

29 I didn’t invite Susan to my party.___________.C

A. neither he will B. neither won’t he C. neither will he D. he won’t neither

30 If Bob’s wife doesn’t agree to sign the paper, _____________.C

A. so doesn’t Molly B. so Molly doesn’t C. neither does Molly D. neither Molly does

31 Barry never eats potatoes and ____________.C

A. I don’t too B. neither did I

C. neither I did D. I didn’t also

32 Ann didn’t like our new roommate, and ______.B

33 _________that even people in the next room could hear him.

A. So loudly did he speak B. Such loudly did he speakC. So loudly he spoke D. Such loudly he spoke

A

34 So loudly __________their lessons that people could hear them out in the street.A. the students read B. the students did read

C. read the students D. did the students read

D

A. we returned; and B. did we return; whenC. after we returned; and D. had we returned; than

35 We are lucky, for no sooner __________home____________it rained.D

A. had the plane landed when B. had the plane landed than

C. the plane had landed when D. the plane was landing than

36 Hardly ___________the police ran towards it.A

A. he had gone; than B. had he went; when

C. he had gone; when D. had he gone; than

37 No sooner _______to bed ______he fell asleep.

D

A. had he got B. he had got

C. did he get D. he got

38 Hardly __________to the cinema when the film began.

A

_39 _____got on the train when it started to move.

A. Scarcely I had B. Scarcely had I C. No sooner I had D. No sooner had I

B

40 No sooner had the bell rung ___________.

A. when the class began B. while the class was beginningC. then the class was going to being D. than the class began

D

__41______, he doesn’t study well.

A. As he is clever B. He is as clever C. Clever as he is D. As clever he is

C

42______it rain, the crops would be saved.

A. Were to B. Would C. Should D. Could

C

真题演练 1 Never before available for quick and

easy access in so many different fields of study.

A so much free information

B were so much free information

C has so much free information been

D so much free information has been(2009)

C

2 Hardly making the speech when the people stood up applauding.

A has the speaker finished

B the speaker had finished

C had the speaker finished

D had finished the speaker(2008)

3 So fast that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed.

A light travels B travels light

C does light travel D does light travel(2007)

C

D

4 No sooner begun to speak than some noise arose from the audience.

A he had B had he C he has D did he

(2006)

5 Not until the game had begun at the sports ground.(2005)

A had he arrived B would he have arrived

C did he arrive D should he have arrived

B

C

6 Not until Mr. smith came to China

what kind of country she is. (2004)

A he knew B he didn’t know

C did he know D he couldn’t know

7 Not until many years later known.

A was the whole truth become

B did the whole truth become

C the whole truth became

D the whole truth had became(2002)

C

B

8 Not until this term to realize how important this subject is to his future career as a diplomat.(2001)

A he began B he has begun

C did he begin D that he has begun

C

THANK YOUThe End