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fnda. m¾fhaIK yd ixj¾Ok

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fiakd o<Uqjd w¨;a m<sfndaOlfhla'

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muK hs' ta m¾fhaIK ;ju;a isÿ jkafkaa mßlaIKd.dr uÜgñka'

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ùu;a u`.ska fiakd o<Uq jHdma;sh wju lr .ekSug ,efnkafka

rel=,la'

we;akï o<Uqjd tys fjfik nj

ks.ukhg tla idlaIshla' Ydlfhka

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o<Uqjd úkdY lsÍu wmyiqjla

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kï ì;a;r fmdl=re úkdY lsÍu;a

lrkak mq`Mjka'

fikaá óg¾ 5la muK úYd,

fjk o<Uqjd Ydlfhka ìug nei

mi isÿre lr f.dia fldaI.;

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fnda. j.dj iqÿiq hs' fnda. udrej

ms<sn`o;a ie,ls,a,g .; yels w;r

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jeä wjOdkhla fhduq lsÍu jeo.;a'

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u¾okh

o<Uqjka isák ;eka mÍlaId

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fldgia m%jdykh ms<sn`o wdrlaIs;

m%Nd;a ksYdka; iyldr lDIsl¾u

wOHlaI ^m¾fhaIK&

m¾fhaIK id¾:lhs

foi;sh 2019 ud¾;= 1506

Wml%u Ndú; lsÍu iy o<Uqjka isá

j.dfõ fmdf<dj iS iEu o l< hq;=

hs' ta l%ufõo wkq.ukh lsÍfuka

o<Uq jHdma;sh yd ydksh wju

lr.kak mq`Mjka'

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jQfha o<Uqjd ,xldjg kjlfhla

ùu ksi hs' ta wjia:dfõ o<Uq

.ykhg ys;lr WIaK;ajhla rg

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j.d lr ;snQ ksid;a o<Uqjdf.a

jHdma;sh jeäùug fya;=jla'

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y`ÿk .ekSu wmyiq ùu o<Uq

.ykh jeä ùug n,mE ;j;a tla

fya;=jla' fï jk úg nvbß`.=

j.dj wvq ù ;sîu o<Uqjd md,khg

rel=,la' ffcj md,khg ì;a;r

mrfmdaIs;hka" lSghkag ydks lrk

lDóka yd fonre j¾. iajNdúl

mßirfha fjfik nj fidhdf.k

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ta ksid iajNdúl j u o<Uq md,kh

isÿ fjkjd' Bg wu;r j fou,sÉpd

jeks l=re,a,ka o<Uqjd fidhdf.k

f.dia wdydrhg .ekSul=;a olakg

,enqKd'

w;S; jHik

o<Uqjdg wu;r j j.djg

ydks lrk fjk;a m<sfndaOlhka

´kE ;rï mßirfhka

y`ÿkd.kak mq`Mjka' oYl follg

muK by;§ w¾;dm,a j.dfõ m;%

lKskakdf.a Wjÿr ksid isÿjqfKa

úYd, j.d ydkshla' ta fudfydf;a§

;a msgrglska meñKs if;la hehs

wkqudk flreKd'

w¾;dm,a j.dfõ m;%

lKskakdf.a jHikh W.% jqfKa

kqjrt<sh wdY%s; m%foaYj, hs' m;%

lKskakdg ydks lrk lDñfhla

úfoia rglska f.kajd tod j.d

ydksh wju l<d' B<`.g mefmd,a

^.ia ,nq& j.dfõ msá ul=Kq

kshu lrkafka' fya;=j wfma j.dìï

;sfnkafka ck;dj mÈxÑù isák

wdikak ia:dkj,' ta ksid ck;djg

isÿjk ydksh wju lr.kak tfia

l< hq;= fjkjd' bkaÈhdj jf.a

rgla .;a úg wêidkaøK lDñkdYl

fhdod j.d lrkjd' ta m%Yakh ksid

wfma j.dìïj,g ydks jeä fjkak

mq̀Mjka' tfy;a Ydl jHdê úoHdj

ms<sn`o úfYaI{hka fuka u lSg

úoHdj ms<sn`o úfYaI{hka wm i;=

hs' ta ksid bÈßfha§ we;sjk ´kEu

m%Yakhlg uqyqKfokak mq̀Mjka

lshk úYajdih wmg ;sfnkjd'

wfkla ldrKh ;uhs f.dúck

fiajdj i`oyd fiajlhka n`ojd

.ekSu' wiQ .Kkaj, j.d ks,Odß-

ka lsh,d msßila isáhd' Tjqka

f.dúck;dj ±kqj;a lsÍu úêu;a j

l<d' wo foaYmd,k wêldßhg ´kE

úÈyg fiajlhka n`ojd .kak tl

.eg¨ldß hs' fï jf.a m%Yak rfÜ

lDIsl¾udka;h bÈßhg f.kshkak

.eg¨jla' tfy;a ±kg lDIsl¾u

fomd¾;fïka;=j id¾:l j jHik-

j,g uqyqK § ;sfnkjd' bÈßfha

we;s jk ´kEu jHikhlg uqyqK

fokak;a fomd¾;fïka;=jg mq̀Mjka'

wdpd¾h ms%hka; ùrisxywOHlaI

m%Odk lDIs úoHd{ ^mdxY= úoHdj&.kafkdarej

wNsfhda.hg iQodkï

fiakd o<Uqjd .ek udOHh;a

ck;dj ±kqj;a l<d' th ´ke-

jg;a jvd isÿjqKd' m%pdrh jQ ;rï

ydkshla j.djg jd¾;d fjkafka

keye' fï jk úg o<Uqjd u¾okh

ù ;sfnkjd' B<`. lkakfha nvbß`.=

j.dj fylaghd¾ 10"000lg muK

iSud fjkjd' uy lkakfha§ idud-

kHfhka fylaghd¾ 90"000la muK

j.d l<;a h, lkakfha ta ;rï

m%udKhla j.d lrkafka keye' ta

ksid o<Uq Wjÿrla we;s jqjfyd;a

Bg id¾:l j uqyqK§fï yelshdjla

;sfnkjd' ta ksid ,nk lkakfha§

Wmßufhka o<Uq md,khla we;s

lr.; hq;= hs' tfia fkdjqKfyd;a

B<`. lkakfha§ h<s;a jrla o<Uq

Wjÿrg uqyqK mdkakg isÿfõú' ta

ksid lDIs wxY ú;rla fkdfjhs

fï rfÜ j.lsj hq;= iEu wxYhla

u j.lSfuka lghq;= lsÍu hs l<

hq;af;a'

úfoia rgj, jf.a wfma rfÜ

j.d ìïj,g ;ks m%foaY keye'

lDñkdYl fhdod ´kE u Wjÿrla

md,kh lrkak úfoia rgj,j,g

mq̀Mjka' ta;a wfma rgg tfyu neye'

wms lDñkdYlj, wvq idkaøKhl=hs

07 foi;sh2019 ud¾;= 15

ydksh Èjhsk mqrd me;sr .shd' ta

fudfydf;a msá ul=Kdg ydkslr

lDóka Y%S ,xldfjka y`ÿkd

.ekqK;a" msá ul=Kdg muKla

ydkslrk úfYaIs; if;la úfoia

rglska f.kak,d lafIa;%hg ksoyia

lr,d msá ul=Kq Wjÿr u¾okh

l<d'

fiakd o<Uqjd ,xldfõ jHdma;

jk wjia:dj jk úg mdßißl

;;a;aj o<Uqjd Ôj;aùug iqÿiq

wdldrhg hs ks¾udKh fj,d

;snqfKa' wd.ka;=l fiakd o<Uqjd

muKla fkdj fjk;a o<Uq j¾.;a

j.d ydks isÿlrk ld,hlhs

o<Uq .ykh jeä jqfKa' óg fmr

wjia:dj,§ fuka u fiakd o<Uqjd

l%ufhka md,kh lrkak yelshdj

,enqKd'

lDñkdYl yd ffcj md,kh

lDñkdYl fkdfh¥ j.dj,

iajNdúl ffcj md,kh jeä ù

;sfnk njla ksÍlaIKh lrkak

mq`Mjka' yelshdjla ;sfnkjd kï

lDñkdYl fkdfhdod hdka;%sl

j o<Uqjd úkdY l< yels hs' th

jvd;a hym;a jqjfyd;a iajNdúl

md,khg wjYH úúO i;=kaf.a

fiajh ,nd .kak mq`Mjka'

m¾fhaIK

uyb`Mlam,a,u m¾fhaIKdh;kfha

nvbß`.= îc iïnkaOfhka mÍlaIK

isÿ lrkjd' tys§ îc m%;sl¾u .ek

jeä wjOdkhla fhduq lrñkqhs

;sfnkafka' nv bß`.= îcj,g

hï hï lDñ kdYl ñY% lsÍfuka

isÿjkafka tys .=Kh ld,hla

mej;Sfuka Ydlh wdrlaId ùula'

tfia u Ydl w;r mr;rh we;s

lsÍu" ñY% fnda. j.dj" fmdfydr"

fnda. udrej" nvbß`.= j¾. wdÈh

iïnkaOfhka mÍlaIK isÿ flrñka

;sfnkjd' o<Uqjdf.a ffcj md,kh

ms<sn`o m¾fhaaIK fï jk úg;a isÿ

lrkafka .kafkdarej WoHdk fnda.

m¾fhaIK wdh;kfhka'

mrfmdaIs;hka

o<Uqjdf.a lSghkag iy

ì;a;rj,g ydks lrk

mrfmdaIs;hka ±kgu;a y`ÿkdf.k

;sfnkjd' lDñkdYl fkdfh¥

m%foaYj,ska y`ÿkd.;a mrfmdaIs;hka

m¾fhaIK wdh;khg /f.k ú;a

we;s lsÍu;a m¾fhaIKj, tla

ld¾hhla' úúO laIqø Ôùka fiakd

o<Uqjdg ydks lrk nj;a fidhd

f.k ;sfnkjd' foaYSh j fidhd

.;a nelaàßhd" ffjriaa" È,Sr

j¾.j,ska fiakd o<Uqjdg ydks

lrkak mq`Mjka' frda.S jQ o<Uqjka

tl;= lr c,h;a iu`. wUrd

ksfrda.S o<Uqjkag fhdod m¾fhaIK

isÿ flfrkjd'

úfoia rgj,ska f.kajd .;a

ffjria j¾. fhdod o<Uq u¾okhg

wjYH m¾fhaIK isÿ lsÍfuka

woyia jkafka laIqø Ôùka fhdod

lDñ kdYlhla ksIamdokh lsÍula'

tu`.ska n,dfmdfrd;a;= jkafka

fiakd o<Uqjdg muKla ydksùula'

tfy;a iajNdúl j isÿjk fiakd

o<Uq u¾okh b;d by< njl= hs

fmfkkakg ;sfnkafka' fï jk

úg lDókaf.a isg l=re,a,ka olajd

we;slr ;sfnkafka fiakd o<Uqjdg

;¾ckhla' ish¨ u lDIsl¾u

ks,Odßka iy f.dúka we;=`M ish¨

fokd fiakd o<Uqjd .ek fï

jk úg ±kqj;a' ta ksid h<s o<Uq

jHikhla we;s ùfï m%jK;dj b;d

wju uÜgulhs ;sfnkafka'

ysfia hál=re jQ zYZ yevh yd YÍrh mqrd bÈuqKq ìì,s jeks oE l%uj;a rgdjlg msysá fiakd o<Uqjd'

wo wfma lDIsl¾udka;h .ek

;sfnkafka' lk.dgqjla'

tod rEmjdysksh fï rfÜ

lDIsl¾udka;h .ek jd¾;duh

jev igyka l<d' f.dúhka jf.a

u bf.k .kak <uhska tu

jevigyka kerUqjd' fndfyda foa

bf.k .;a;d' wms rEmjdysksh

biairyd b|.kafk ta jf.a oekqula

.kak'

o<Uqjdf.a Ôjk pl%h W.;a"

nqoaêu;a yefuda u okakjd'

o<Uqjdf.a uq,a wjia:dj i,Uhd'

hï rEmjdysks kd,sldjla fï

i,Uhd .ek fydh,d n,,d"

i,Uhdf.a ,laIK iÔù j

úldYkh lrkjd kï" f.dúhka

fï .ek wjOdkfhka bkakjd'

Tjqka wjOdkfhka ;shkak fï

rfÜ udOHhg j.lSula iy

hq;=lula ;sfnkak ´kE' wms fiakd

o<Uqjd .ek n,df.k bkakfldg"

wfkla me;af;ka lSvEjd tkjd'

rEmjdysksh wm oekqj;a lrkj o@

tfyu lrkafk kE' tal ;uhs uf.a

fpdaokdj' idudkHfhka Ydlhla

jefvkak uQ,øjH .Kkdjla ´ke'

wms wo lrkafk yeu uQ,øjHhla u

ridhksl fmdfydfrka ,nd§u'

fï ldrKh úoHd;aul hs' ta

ksid ;sia wjqreÿ hqoaOh bjr

l<d jf.a wdKavqfõ n,Odßka

fyda rcfha ks,Odßka fyda

oeka wjÈ fjkak ´k ld,h

yß' wfma rfÜ lDIsl¾udka;h

lshkafk;a ix.%duhla'

fï rfÜ ridhksl fmdfydr

.ek §¾> ld,hla l;d lrkjd'

fï wdKavqj .a,hsf*dfiÜ ;ykï

l<d' ;ykï l<dg miafia lsysm

fofkla oÕ,,d" fldfydu yß

;yku bj;a lr .;a;d' meje;s

yd mj;sk wdKavq jeäfhka u nr

;shkafk lDIs ridhkslj,g lsh,d

meyeÈ,s hs' wms lshkafka ridhksl

.ek ys;kak ´ke wjidk

fudfydf;a§ ñila m<uq fudfydf;a

fkfu hs'

ã' tia fiakdkdhlf.a urfKka

miq wfma yrla ndka ;sfyka lrk

foa tljr lrkak ;Skaÿ jqKd' bka

miq fyd| foaj,aj,g jf.a u krl

foaj,aj,g weíneys lr .kakd

;eklg wfma lDIsl¾udka;h

f.kdjd' wo fjkfldg wmg tajd

u; u hefmkak fj,d bjrhs'

idudkHfhka h, lkakfha

lSvE Wjÿrla tkjd lshkafka

l,d;=rlska fjk fohla' ta;a .sh

h, lkakfha lSvE Wjÿfrka wlalr

tla ,laI yeg foofyka ,laIhla

u úkdY jqKd lsh,d lDIsl¾u

fomd¾;fïka;=j;a ms<s.;a;d'

tod fmdf<dkakrefõ f.dùkaf.a

wlalr ,laIhlg hg lrmq i,a,s"

uykaish j;=f¾ .shd' tfyu kï

fomd¾;fïka;=fõ;a foaYmd,kfha;a

fïjdg j.lshk n,Odßka b,a,d

wiafjkak ´kE'

wo ks,Odßkag lDIsl¾uh

ms<sn`o wjfndaOhla keye'

m¾fhaIK iïnkaO ks,Odßka

lDIsl¾uh ms<sn`o mdGud,djla

lr,d weú;a bkafk' tod j.d

ks,Odß lsh,d ;k;=rla ;snqKd'

wo tjeks ;k;=rla keye' rfÜ

lDIsl¾udka;hg wdof¾ lrk lDIs

ks,Odßka msßil=;a bkakjd'

oeka lDIsl¾u fomd¾;fïka;=jg

neK neK b|,d yßhkafk keye'

fu;ek§ wms wjÈ fjkak ´kE'

wfma cd;sl j.lSu y`ÿkd.kak

´kE'

wms udOHhg lshkafka

kdhlhdf.a oelau fudlla o lsh,d

fidhd n,d f.dùkag fmkajkak'

fg,s kdgH mqrj,d wfma T¿

ál úkdY lrkafka ke;s j wm

oekqfuka fmdai;a lrkak' ta j.lSï

wfma udOH wdh;k bgq lrkjd kï

fï igk wmg ch .kak mq¿jka'

ljqvq,af,a ch;siai

iNdm;s" m%.;sYS,s f.dúck iïfï,kh" le|jqïlre mqkreo jHdmdrh

l=udß úl%uisxy

lDIsl¾udka;h .eklk.dgqhs

foi;sh 2019 ud¾;= 1508

09 foi;sh2019 ud¾;= 15

i,a,s u,a, fo.=K f;.=K

lrñka Bg ;j;a wx. tlalr

.ksñka .ïfmr<sh iy tkag¾m%hsia

YS% ,xld jevigyka fï jif¾

^2019& kj uqyqKqjrlska y÷kajd§ug

lghq;= lrk nj rch wjOdrKh

lrkjd' remsh,a ñ,shk 48"000lska

fï jif¾ tla tla ue;sjrK

fldÜGdihg fjka lsÍug kshñ;

j we;af;a remsh,a ñ,shk 300

ne.ska' fkdfndaÞ wr,sh.y ue÷f¾

meje;s úfYaI idlÉPdjlg tla

fjñka w.ue;s rks,a úl%uisxy iy

uqo,a weue;s ux., iurùr i|yka

lf<a tu jevigyka fï jif¾

ck;djg ióm jkafka miq.sh

jirg;a jvd mq¿,a j nj hs'

fuf;la uqo,a iy cd;sl

m%;sm;a;s iïmdok wud;HdxYh

fufyh jQ tu l¾;jHhg iajfoaY

lghq;= iy uyd ud¾. wud;HdxYh

tla j isàu;a úfYaI;ajhla' YS%

,xldfõ iEu .ïudkhlg u úYd,

ixj¾Okhla b;d flá lf,l§

w;alr §u ;u wfmalaaIdj nj hs

rcfha wjOdrKh lsÍu'

fmdÿ m%jdykh yd fcHIaG

mqrjeishkaf.a l, oji iqrlaIs;

flfrk w¨;a jevigyka fï

jif¾ w¨;ska Bg tlajk wx.'

fmdÿ m%jdykh foig uyck;dj

wdl¾IKh lr .ekSu tys

úfYaI;ajhla' Bg jeä myiqlï

iys; j iS>%.dó nia fiajdjla we;s

lsÍug hs fuys§ iQÞku' foaYSh

jHjidhlhkag tu wNsfhda.hg

id¾:l j uqyqK§ug Èߧu;a tys

wfmalaIdjla' Bg remsh,a ñ,shk

10la È.=ld,Sk fmd,S iyk ld,hla

iys; j ,nd §fuka rch wfmalaId

lrkafka fï jif¾§ msgráka jeä

myiqlï iys; iqfLdamfNda.S nia

r: 1000lg jvd wdkhkh lsÍug

foaYSh jHjidhlhka fm<Uùu hs'

jeäysá ksjdi wo iudcfha

t;rï jeä ie,ls,a,la fhduq

fkdjkakla' tfy;a ksrka;rfhka

tA foig ;,a¨jk YS% ,dxfla h

fcHIaG mqrjeis m%cdj wmyiq;djg

m;a fkdùug j. n,d .ekSu hs

rfÜ j.lSu' tA i|yd hs jeäysá

ksjdij, ixj¾Ok lghq;= i|yd

.ïfmr<sh jevigyk hgf;a tla

wdikhlg remsh,a ñ,shkhla fjka

flfrkafka'

<ore mdi,a rgg wkÕs

fufyjrla bgqlrk fuf;la rcfha

ie,ls,a,g t;rï ,la fkdjQ ;j;a

;lai,djla' tA nj jgyd .ksñka

tAjdfha ixj¾Ok lghq;= Wfoid hs

;j;a remsh,a ñ,shkhla Èjhsfka

iEu ue;sjrK wdikhla i|yd u

fjka j ;sfnkafka'

;dreKHh ;s%frdao r:fhka

tmsgg md fkd;eîu k.rn`o fuka

.u oskk z.ïfmr<shZ

foaY ú;a;sfoaY ú;a;s

foi;sh 2019 ud¾;= 1510

u .ïno o olakg ,efnk ;j;a

tla iudc w¾nqohla' Bg ms<shï

fiùfï§ rch ;SrKh fldg

;sfnkafka ±kg mj;sk ;s%frdao r:

fjkqjg w¨;ska wdrlaIdldÍ iy

mßir ys;ldó fudag¾ r: ñ,§

.ekSug ck;dj fm<Uùu' Bg

tkag¾m%hsia YS% ,xld jevigyk

hgf;a remsh,a ñ,shkhla olajd

u iyk fmd,S Kh msßkefukjd'

tA wkqj fuys§ mer‚ ;=kafrdao ßh

ndr§ fï kj r: ñ,g .ekSug

ck;djg bv ,efnkjd'

tjeks kj wx. fmr±ß

j miq.sh jif¾ fjka l<

uqo,a fo.=K lrñka fï jif¾

Èh;a flfrk .ïfmr<sh iy

tkag¾m%hsia YS% ,xld jHdmD;s

fndfyduhla ls%hd;aul fjkjd'

miq.sh jif¾ wjika udi 4

;=< YS% ,xldfõ iEu wdikhlg

u .ïfmr<sh jevigyk hgf;a

ixj¾Ok lghq;= i|yd remsh,a

fldaá 20la fjka flreKd' th

;j;a jeä lrñka fï jif¾ tla

wdikhlg remsh,a fldaá 30 neÕska

fjka lsÍug hs rch lghq;= lr

;sfnkafka'

miq.sh jif¾ .ïfmr<sh hgf;a

Èh;a flreKq jevigykaj,g tla

wdikhlg fjka flfrk uqo,

remsh,a ,laI 40la f,i fo.=Khla

njg m;a fldg ;sfnkjd'

uxudj;a ixj¾Okfha jeo.;alu

ie,ls,a,g .ksñka .%dóh ud¾.

jeä ÈhqKq lsÍug fï hgf;a tla

wdikhlg fjka flfrk uqo,

remsh,a ñ,shk 20la' ;jÿrg;a th

jHdma; lrñka fï jif¾§ w¨;ska

kd.ßl mgq uxudj;a ixj¾Okhg

tla wdikhlg ñ,shk 2la fjka

flfrkjd'

fndfyda mer‚ md,ï ixj¾Okh

fkdùu ck;djf.ka ks;r kefÕk

ueisú,a,la' tA wkqj fï jir

i|yd l=vd md,ï ixj¾Okhg

tla wdikhla fjkqfjka fjka

flfrk uqo, remsh,a ñ,shk 3la'

.ïno j fuka u kd.ßl j o ldKq

moaO;s wjysrùu ck;djg uyd

.eg¨jla' Bg ms<shula f,i ;j;a

remsh,a ,laIhla fjka lrk nj

hs .ïfmr<sh kshuqjkaf.a woyi'

rcfha läkï ixj¾Ok jHdmD;s

hgf;a ñka fmr f.dvkexjqj o

iq¿ iq¿ wvqmdvq ;ju;a mj;sk

bÈlsÍïj, mej;sh yels hs' tA i|yd

úfYaIfhka fï jif¾ .ïfmr<sh

jevigyka hgf;a fjka flfrk

uqo, remsh,a ñ,shkhla' tA"

ikSmdrlaIl myiqlï jeä ÈhqKq

lrñka mdi,aj, lS%vd myiqlï

by< kexùug fï jif¾ tla

wdikhlg ,nd§ug kshñ; remsh,a

ñ,shk 2g wu;r j'

j.d ìï wdYs%; c, iïmdok

jHdmD;sj,g fï jif¾ tla

wdikhlg remsh,a ñ,shkhla fjka

flfrkjd' fï ld¾hh flfrkafka

±kgu;a ls%hd;aul kj;u c,

fhdackd l%u 10"000 jHdmD;shg

wu;r j' tys§ fï jif¾ j;=lrfha

tla wdikhlg c, myiqlï by<

kexùug remsh,a ñ,shk 2 ne.ska

fjka fldg ;sîu;a úfYaI;ajhla'

we;eï wd.ñl ia:dkj,g

n,Yla;shg wÞ< j udisl j

,efnk ì,am;a f.jd ±óu

.eg¨jla' tjeks wd.ñl

ia:dkhlg remsh,a ,laI 5 ne.sska

rch .ïfmr<sh hgf;a fï jif¾

fjka flfrkafka tA tA ia:dkj,

wvla jev ksu l< jHdmD;s fõ

kï tAjdfha jev ksulr .ekSug

;j;a remsh,a ,laI 3la fjka

lrñka'

<Õ u msyssá rcfha nexl= YdLdfõ

tkag¾m%hsia YS% ,xld ljqkagrfhka

fï ms<sn| f;dr;=re ,nd.; yels

w;r .ïfmr<sh ixj¾Ok jHdmD;s

iïnkaOfhka m%dfoaYSh f,alï

ld¾hd, uÜgñka fuka u m%foaYfha

foaYmd,k kdhl;ajh iuÕ

idlÉPd fldg m%;s,dN fkdmudj

,nd .ekSug uyck;djg yelshdj

;sfnkjd' tu jevigykaj,

wvqmdvq" jxpd - ¥IK isÿ jkafka

kï fkdmudj tA iïnkaOfhka

uqo,a wud;HdxYh ±kqj;a lsÍug

lghq;= lsÍug yels ùu;a b;d

iqúfYaIS lreKla'

kqjka ufyaIa chúl%u

11 foi;sh2019 ud¾;= 15

ixj¾Ok ls%hdj,sh fõ.j;a

j isÿ ùfï§ rgl há;,

myiqlï l%uj;a j j¾Okh ùu o

w;HjYH ldrKhla f,i hs y÷kd

.efkkafka' úfYaIfhka u fuys§

úêu;a yd ld¾hlaIu m%jdyk

l%ufõohla ilia ùu o b;d

jeo.;a' fï i`oyd wjYH jkafka

ld,Sk wjYH;djkag .e<fmk uyd

ud¾. moaO;shla ilia ùu hs'

ñka jir lsysmhlg fmr olaIsK

wêfõ.S ud¾.h iy fld<U

lgqkdhl wêfõ.S ud¾.h

ielfikafka fmr lS ld,Sk

wjYH;djg iß,k uyd ud¾.

moaO;shla YS% ,dxlsl ck;dj

fj; Wreu lr§fï W;alDIaG

mrud¾:h we;sj hs' fï wêfõ.S

ud¾. ks¾udKh ùu ksid bka

fmr mej;s ;;a;ajhg jvd myiq

.ukd.uk ls%hdj,shlg wjldYh

ie,iS ;sfnkjd' tfia u NdKav

m%jdykfha§ isÿ jk wkjYH

m%udoh j<lajd .ksñka läkñka

wdrlaIdldÍ j iy ld,h ksis

mßÈ l<ukdlrKh lr .ksñka

tA ld¾hhka lr .ekSug o miqìu

ks¾udKh ù ;sfnkjd'

fï m%jdyk myiqj rg ueo

Ôj;a jk ck;djg iy W;=f¾

Ôj;a jk ck;djg o ,nd§fï

wruqKq we;sj hs W;=re wêfõ.S

ud¾. jHdmD;sh y÷kd .efkkafka'

uQ,sl ie,iqïj,g wkqj YS% ,xld

rch úiska fuh y÷kdf.k

;sfnkafka m%uqL;d jHdmD;shla

f,i hs' tA wkqj uQ,sl wÈhf¾§

th werfUkafka uOHu wêfõ.S

ud¾. jHdmD;sh f,i jk w;r

tuÕska m%Odk .ukdka;hka

folla fj; hs fï wêfõ.S ud¾.h

bÈflfrkafka' fuys m<uq wÈhr

bÈflfrkafka fld<U isg uOHu

m<df;a w.k.rh jk uykqjr

olajd bÈfjhs' tfia u tys wfkla

.ukdka;h ft;sydisl oUq,a,

k.rh lrd Èfjkjd'

úfYaIfhka u uOHu m%foaYh

n,d fï wêfõ.S ud¾.fha

.ukdka;h fhduq jqj o tu

ud¾.h ieliSfï jdish iuia; YS%

,dxlslhkag u ,efnk iqúfYaIS

jrm%idohla f,i y÷kd.; yels

hs' tA wkqj fï kj uOHu wêfõ.S

ud¾. jHdmD;sfha bÈlsÍï isÿ

lrkafka wÈhr 04la hgf;a hs'

lsf,da óg¾ 37l ÿrlska hq;a m<uq

wÈhf¾ bÈlsÍï isÿ flfrkafka

lvj; isg óß.u olajd hs' fojeks

wÈhr hgf;a óß.u isg l=reKE.,

olajd bÈlrk fldgfia È. lsf,da

óg¾ 39'29la' tfia u fmd;=yer isg

.,f.or olajd bÈlrk fldgfia

ueo rg miqlr W;=rg

foi;sh 2019 ud¾;= 1512

ÿr m%udKh lsf,da óg¾ 32'5la'

fuys wjidk wÈhr f,i lsf,da

óg¾ 60'3l ÿrla bÈflfrkafka

l=reKE., isg oUq,a, olajd'

fï jif¾ wjidkh jk úg

fuys fojeks wÈhr jk óß.u isg

l=reKE., olajd fldgi bÈlr

wjika l< yels jk nj hs tys

jHdmD;s wOHlaI mS' fudayka i|yka

lrkafka' tA wkqj lsf,da óg¾

39'29l ÿrlska hq;a fuys fhdað;

bÈlsÍfï ud¾. m:h kd.ßl

m%foaY uÕ yßñka m%Odk jYfhka

ysia bvï yryd .uka flfrkjd'

tf,i ckdlS¾K fkdjk ysia

bvï fï jHdmD;sh i|yd f;dard

.ekSug fya;=j mdßißl yd iudÔh

n,mEu wju lsÍu nj o jHdmD;s

wOHlaIjrhd i|yka lrkjd'

fï wêfõ.S ud¾.h

bÈflfrkafka ux ;Sre 04la f,i

hs' th fomig ux ;Sre 02l ne.ska

bÈ fjkjd' tfia u fojeks wÈhr

hgf;a óß.u isg l=reKE.,

olajd bÈflfrk fldgig

wka;¾ yqjudre uOHia:dk 4la

wh;a fjkjd' tA" óß.u" kdl,.

uqj" oïfndlal yd l=reKE.,

hk wka;¾ yqjudre uOHia:dk

hs' óg wu;r j uOHu wêfõ.S

ud¾. jHdmD;sfha 03 jeks fldgi

hgf;a bÈlsÍï lghq;= isÿ flfrk

fmd;=yer yqjudrej (Pothuhera System Interchang) uÕska wêfõ.S

ud¾.h yryd .uka .kakd jdyk

kqjr - l=reKE., yd fld<U

foig yqjudre ùug myiqlï i,id

fokjd'

fï fojeks wÈhf¾ uq¿ jHdmD;s

úhou remsh,a ì,shk 160'8la

muK ^nÿ rys;& fj;ehs wfmalaId

flfrkjd' tys bÈlsÍu i|yd jk

fldka;%d;a;=j tla meflachlg

lsf,da óg¾ 10la muK jk fia

meflac 04la hgf;a hs msßkud

;sfnkafka' fuys§ cd;sl ;r.ldÍ

ñ, le|ùï ls%hdj,sh hgf;a

foaYSh fldka;%d;alrejkaf.ka

uQ,sl yjq,a jHdmdr 04la hgf;a

;r.ldß ñ, le`oùï uÕska bÈlsÍï

fldka;%d;a;=j o foaYSh WmfoaYk

yjq,a jHdmdrh fj; WmfoaYk

fldka;%d;a;=j o msßkud ;sfnkjd'

fï jHdmD;sfha isú,a

bxðfkareuh bÈlsÍï i|yd

fldka;%d;a msßkeóu remsh,a ì,shk

137'1la f,i hs i|yka jkafka'

tfia u WmfoaYk fldka;%d;a

i|yd remsh,a 2"243" 400"892la iy

weußlka fvd,¾ 5"861"284la jeh

flfrkjd' uyd ud¾. yd ud¾.

ixj¾Ok wud;HdxYh hgf;a

ls%hd;aul fï jHdmD;s fldgfia

bÈlsÍï lghq;= isÿ flfrkafka

ud¾. ixj¾Ok wêldßh uÕska' fï

i|yd jk bÈlsÍï fldka;%d;a;=j

,nd § ;sfnkafka udi 30la i|yd

hs' tA wkqj 2017 ckjdß ui bÈlsÍï

wdrïN flreKq w;r tu bÈlsÍï

lghq;= 2019 cq,s udih jk úg

wjika lsÍug hs kshñ;'

13 foi;sh2019 ud¾;= 15

ks¨mq,a m%shxlr fmf¾rd

fï fojeks wêfõ.S ud¾. jHdmD;sh

hgf;a bÈ flfrk uq¿ ÿr m%udKh

;=< yuqjk úYd, m%udKfha md,ï

ixLHdj 12la' tfia u wêfõ.S

ud¾.h by<ska yd my<ska .uka

lrk fldgia 42la iy fndalal=

130lska o th iukaú; hs' tfuka

u iïmQ¾Kfhka u .;a l, óg¾

10"421la jk fldkalS%Ü lKq u;

Èfjk ud¾. fldgia 36lska iukaú;

±jeka; ixj¾Ok jHdmD;shla f,i

hs fuh ls%hdjg kexfjkafka' ;j o

lsf,da óg¾ 39'29la jQ fï fldgi

i|yd uyck iqj myiqj yd wju

mdßißl n,mEula t,a, jk mßÈ

tkï wêfõ.S ud¾.h bÈlsÍu

fya;=fjka c, .e,Sï jeks ;;a;ajhka

md,kh jk mßÈ fuys lafIa;%

l<ukdlrKh isÿ lr ;sfnk

w;r tys§ m%foaYfha uyck;djf.a

woyia úfYaI ie,ls,a,lg fhduq lr

;sfnkjd'

fï ud¾.fha ix×" i,l=Kq

yd ÈYd mqjre cd;Hka;r iïu;

m%ñ;Skag wkqj fhdokq ,nk

w;r wka;¾ yqjudre uOHia:dk

i|yd m%udKj;a wdf,dal iemhqï

ia:dmkh lrk nj hs jHdmD;s

wOHlaI ù' fudayka mjikafka'

fuys Wmßu Odjk fõ.h mehg

lsf,da óg¾ 100la' tfia u tu

fõ. iSudj ;=< .ukdka;h

lrd iqjmyiqfjka yd blaukska

wdrlaIdldÍ j .uka lsÍfï myiqj

we;s lsÍfï wruqKq uq,alr f.k

tys bÈlsÍï isÿ flfrkjd' tfia

u mqoa.,hka uÕska ls%hd lrjk

yd iajhxlS%h j uqo,a wh lrk

ljq¿ iys;j hs tys ish¨ wka;¾

yqjudre uOHia:dk ia:dmkh

flfrkafka'

tfia u fmr iqÿiqlï ,;a foaYSh

fldka;%d;alrejkaf.ka we;s lr

.kakd ,o yjq,a jHdmdr iuQy

y;r u fojeks wÈhf¾ bÈlsÍï

fldka;%d;a;=jg ,nd § ;sîu

o úfYaI;ajhla' tuÕska foaYSh

fldka;%d;a iud.ïj, wêfõ.S

ud¾. bÈlsÍfï m%ùK;ajh f,dalhg

úoyd olajñka foaYSh fldka;%d;a

iud.ï i|yd cd;Hka;r ms<s.ekSula

,nd§ug yels fjkjd' tu yjq,a

jHdmdr y;frys m%Odk yjq,alre

f,i lghq;= lrkafka bÈlsÍï

l¾udka; ixj¾Ok wêldßfha

(CIDA) uyd ud¾. bÈlsÍfï

úfYaI{;dj ms<sn| CS2 fYa%‚fha

±kg ,shdmÈxÑh ,;a iud.ï'

fojeks jHdmD;s wÈhr i|yd

bvï w;am;a lr .ekSu 1950

wxl 09 ork rcfha bvï w;alr

.ekSfï mk; ^460 wêldßh& wkqj

ud¾. ixj¾Ok wêldßh úiska

isÿ flfrkjd' tA" óß.u" w,õj"

kdrïu," fmd,a.yfj," ùrUqf.or"

l=reKE., yd u,a,jmsáh m%dfoaYSh

f,alï fldÜGdi wdjrKh

jk mßÈ' tu bvï i|yd jkaÈ

;lafiarej isÿ flfrkafka

;lafiare fomd¾;fïka;=fõ

;SrKh wkqj hs' tys§ tu bvfï

fjf<|fmd< ñ, fyda tu

w;am;alr .ekSfuka isÿ jQ lsishï

ydkslr n,mEulg f.jk jkaÈh

;SrKh lsÍu zbvï w;alr .ekSï

yd m%;sia:dmk lsÍï lñgqjZ

(LARC) uÕska isÿ flfrkjd'

fï bvï w;am;a lr .ekSfï

ls%hdj,sh uÕska w;alr .ekSug

wfmalaIs; y÷kd.;a bvï fldgia

m%udKh 4705la' tuÕska n,mEug

,la jk ´kEu mqrjeishl=g

fhdað; jkaÈh m%udKj;a fkdjk

wjia:dfõ§ tA ms<sn| lreKq bÈßm;a

lr w.;Ska wju jk mßÈ ish¨ u

md¾Yajhka tlÕ jk jkaÈ uqo,la

,nd§ug lghq;= flfrk nj o

fuys§ i|yka l< hq;= lreKla'

wêfõ.S ud¾.h bÈflfrkafka ux ;Sre

04la f,i hs' th fomig ux ;Sre 02l ne.ska

bÈfjkjd' tfia u fojeks wÈhr hgf;a óß.u isg l=reKE., olajd

bÈflfrk fldgig wka;¾ yqjudre uOHia:dk 4la wh;a fjkjd' tA" óß.u" kdl,.uqj" oïfndlal

yd l=reKE., hk wka;¾ yqjudre uOHia:dk hs

foi;sh 2019 ud¾;= 1514

jir 1948 § fida,anß

fldñIka iNdfõ

ks¾foaYj,g wkqj rcfha m%jD;a;s

fomd¾;fïka;=j ia:dmkh lr

;snqK;a tys lghq;= úuOH.;

lsÍu isÿjkafka bka jir 50la

.; jQ miqj hs' tA" 1999 jif¾§

tjlg ckudOH wud;Hjrhd

jQ ux., iurùrf.a ixl,amhlg

wkqj Èia;s%la udOH tAll

msysgqùu;a iuÕ'

rch uÕska ls%hd;aul lrk

ixj¾Ok jevigyka ms<sn| j

Èia;s%lal uÜgñka uyck;dj

±kqj;a lsÍu;a rch úiska Èia;s%la

uÜgñka ls%hdjg kxjk ixj¾Ok

jevigyka ms<sn| j f;dr;=re

ksje/È j uyck;dj fj;

,nd§u;a tjlg Èia;s%la udOH

tAll msysgqùfï m%Odk wruqK hs'

óg wu;r j m%dfoaYSh jYfhka

lghq;= lrk udOHfõ§kag

rch fjkqfjka wjYH myiqlï

i,id §u;a Tjqkaf.a lghq;=

iïnkaëlrKh lsÍu;a fuf,i

Èia;s%la udOH tAll msysgqùfï§

n,dfmdfrd;a;= jQ ;j;a wruqKla'

fï wdldrhg Èia;s%la udOH

tAllhla ia:dmkh lsÍfï§ m%jD;a;s

ks,Odßhdg wu;r j leurd

Ys,amsfhla" ùäfhda leurd Ys,amsfhla

yd ld¾hd, ld¾h iydhl jYfhka

jQ iaÓr ks,OdÍ uKav,hla fuka u

wjYH ish¨ há;, myiqlï iys;

iukaú; wx. iïmQ¾K m%dfoaYSh

udOH tAllhla ks¾udKh lsÍug

n,dfmdfrd;a;= jqj;a úúO fya;=

ksid tA woyi id¾:l jQfha keye'

fï ksid w¨;ska n|jd.;a m%jD;a;s

ks,Odßka 24la iuÕ Èia;s%la udOH

tAll 24l lghq;= m%dfoaYSh uÜgñka

wdrïN jQfha jir 2000 fmnrjdß

udifha §' t;eka mgka fï olajd

úúO wvqmdvqlï yd ndOd ueo jqj;a

ish lghq;= yels Wmßufhka isÿ

lsÍug tA udOH tAllj, ks,Odßka

lghq;= lr ;sfnkjd'

tfia jqj;a j¾;udkfha§ wm

isákafka úoHdfjka" ;dlaIKfhka

fmdfydi;a ish¨ foa äðg,alrKh

fjñka mj;sk f,dalhl'

ckudOHj, wjYH;dj yd iSud

wìnjñka iudc udOH iS>%fhka

bÈßhg meñK ;sfnk hq.hl' fï

ksid udOHhg iïnkaO j lghq;=

lrk ish¨ fokd udOHfha j.lSu

yd ld¾hNdrh ms<sn| j kej; jrla

is;d ne,Sfï wjYH;djla o u;= ù

;sfnkjd' tA wNsfhda.j,g id¾:l

j uqyqK§ug kï Èia;s%la udOH

tAllhla o wjYH myiqlïj,ska

iu;a úh hq;= hs' tA iïnkaO

há;, myiqlï mq¿,a úh hq;= njg

újdohla o keye'

tA wkqj miq.sh 2019 fmnrjdß

ui 20 jeks Þ remsh,a ñ,shk 12

g jeä jákdlñka hq;= w;HjYH

udOH WmlrK Èjhsk mqrd msysá

ish¨ udOH tAll fj; fnÞ §u

isÿ flreKd' tA" uqo,a yd ckudOH

wud;HdxYfha fcHIaG w;sf¾l

f,alï ru‚ .=Kj¾Ok" j¾;udk

rcfha m%jD;a;s wOHlaI ckrd,a

kd,l l¨jej" ysgmq m%jD;a;s

wOHlaI ckrd,a kS;s{ iqo¾Yk

.=Kj¾Ok hk ks,Odßkaf.a

m%Odk;ajfhka fomd¾;fïka;=

Y%jKd.drfha§'

YHdud ikaOHdkdhlf.a

w¨;afjkÈia;%slaudOH tAll

uvl,mqj Èia;%sla m%jD;a;s ks,Odß ù' Ôjdkkaoka fj; rcfha m%jD;a;s wOHlaI ckrd,a kd,l l¨jej úiska udOH WmlrK ,nd ÿka wjia:dj'

15 foi;sh2019 ud¾;= 15

f,dj m%:u Ñ;%mgh f,i

b;sydi.; jQfha 1895

m%xYfha ¨ñfha fidfydhqrka úiska

ks¾udKh l< flá Ñ;%mgh hs'

jd¾;d Ñ;%mgh f,i ye¢kafjk

fvdlshqukagß hkak m%p,s; jQfha

fcdaka .sh¾ika úiska frdnÜ

*a,ey¾áf.a zfudakdz kue;s

Ñ;%mgh i|yd tu jok Ndú;

lsÍu;a iuÕ hs' 1922 frdnÜ

*a,ey¾á ks¾udKh l< kdkqla T*a

o fkda;a m%:u ks, jd¾;d Ñ;%mgh

f,i ms<s.efkkjd'

bka oYl lsysmhlg miq

Y%S ,xldfõ jd¾;d Ñ;%mg

ks¾udKh wdrïN flreKd' 1948

iema;eïnrfha wdrïN flreKq

rcfha Ñ;%mg wxYh uÕska

1949 fmnrjdß ui 4 jeks Èk

meje;ajqKq ksoyfia m%:u ixj;air

Wf<, w<,d ieliqKq ñks;a;= 20l

jd¾;d Ñ;%mgh furg ks¾udKh jQ

m<uq jd¾;d Ñ;%mgh f,iska

ms<s.efkkjd' §¾> ld,hla

mqrd úúO úIh m: Tiafia jd¾;d

Ñ;%mg ks¾udKh flreKq w;r 80

oYlfha rEmjdysksfha wd.ukh;a

iuÕ jd¾;d Ñ;%mglrKh o

l%ufhka wNdjhg .shd'

f,dj fndfyda rgj, jd¾;d

Ñ;%mglrKh" jD;a;dka;

Ñ;%mglrKh fia u ckms%h

l,djla' j¾;udkfha uhsl,a

uqj¾" ñÉ l,ska" we,ka f,duelaia"

f*âßla jhsiauka" YS,d fkúkaia"

yhsï f.!ß" w,s lisñ" pd,aia

*¾.ika" fcydfk fkdõcdhsï"

T,sj¾ iafgdka jeks jd¾;d

Ñ;%mglrejkaf.a ks¾udK iqúfYaI

jd¾;d Ñ;%mg f,i ms<s.efkk

w;r fndfyda úg iïudkhg o md;%

fjkjd'

rcfha Ñ;%mg wxYh ks¾udKh

l< jd¾;d Ñ;%mg yefrkakg

furg iskudlrejka b| ysg

jd¾;d Ñ;%mglrKfha ksr; jqj o

jD;a;Suh jYfhka tys ksr; jQ

iskudjiskudj

úIaKq jdiq

È<s÷lu msgqolsk iskud is;a;u

foi;sh 2019 ud¾;= 1516

njla olakg keye' tfy;a jd¾;d

Ñ;%mgh ;u wd;au wd;au m%ldYk

udOHh njg m;a lr.;a YS% ,dxflah

;reK wOHlaIjrhl= wmg

yuqfjkjd' Tyq úIaKq jdiq' Tyqf.a

ld¾hNdrh ù we;af;a f,dj jgd

ießirñka úúO úIh Tiafia jd¾;d

Ñ;%mg ks¾udKh lsÍu hs'

Tyqf.a kj;u jd¾;d

Ñ;%mgfha úfYaI ±laula miq.

shÞ meje;ajqKd' zyEkaâ*q,a T*a

,SõiaZ kï tu Ñ;%mgh i¾fjdaoh

Y%uÞk jHdmdrh yd tys kdhl

tA' à' wdßhr;ak uy;df.a oYl

yhl iudc fufyjrg Wmydrhla

f,i ks¾udKh jQjla' i¾fjdaoh

jHdmdrh f,dj mer‚ u yd

úYd,;u uyck jHdmdrhla' 1950

oYlfha w.Nd.fha .=rejreka yd

YsIhka msßilf.a isyskhla f,i

Wm; ,o ìï uÜgfï jHdmdrhla

jQ th wE; .ïìïj, ck;djf.a

È<s÷lu msgq±lSu i|yd úYd,

fufyjrla isÿ l<d' i¾fjdaoh

jHdmdrh w.hk f,dj mqrd

isák fndfyda úoaj;=ka fidhd

.sh úIaKq Tjqkaf.a u; ±laùï o

fï Ñ;%mgfhka bÈßm;a lsÍug

W;aiql ù ;sfnkjd' b;d ixúê;

rEm Ndú;djla Tiafia fn!oaO

o¾Ykfha isoaOdka;o leáfldg

.ksñka" jD;a;dka; Ñ;%mghl fuka

l,d;aul j zyEkaâ*q,a T*a ,Sõia

ZÑ;%mgh bÈßm;a lrkakg Tyq

iu;a ù ;sfnkjd'

j;aufkys úIaKq jdiq f,i

kdulrKh jqj o Tyqf.a ienE

ku isßiquk ,shkf.a ls%IaKr;ak

hs' oYl lsysmhlg by; foi;sh

iÕrdfõo udOHfõÈhl= f,i

lghq;= l< Tyq ±kaùï m%pdrl

wdh;k lsysmhl u msgm;a rplhl=

f,i o fiajh l< wfhla' úIaKq

furg iudch ;=< ;yjqre jQfha

furg ix.S; lafIa;%hg z>gïZ

kue;s ;d, jdoH NdKavh yqre

l< mqoa.,hd f,iskq hs' bkaÈhdj

.dkaO¾jhkaf.a mdrd§ihla' úIaKq

>gï jdokh yeoErefõ bkaÈhdfõ

m%lg >gï jdol .=rel=,hlska'

úlakq úkhla rdï kue;s uyd

ix.S;{hd hgf;a >gï jdokh

m%.=K l< Tyq tu .=rejrhdf.a

ms%h;u isiqjd o jqKd' miq j f,dj

mqrd ixpdrfha fhÿKq úIaKqf.a is;

jd¾;d Ñ;%mglrKhg we§ .sfha fï

ixpdrj,§ hs'

bkaÈhdfõ wOHdmkh ,o iufha

;u wei .egqKq o<s;ajreka fyj;a

l=,ySkhka ms<sn| Ñ;%mghla

ks¾udKh lsÍug Tyq mshjr

.;a;d' z.dkaëia Ñ,aârkaZ kï tu

jd¾;d Ñ;%mgfhka úuid ne¨fKa

bkaÈhdfõ fjfik o<s;ajrekaf.a

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f.!rjh ,nd .ekSfï wNs,dIfhka

u muKla fkdfjhs' fuys§

wfmalaId lrk fufyhqï 05la

w;ßka Y%S ,xldfõ iy wdikak

l,dmfha PdhdrEm .ekSug hs

m%uqL;ajh ysñ jkafka' fojeks j

bÈß pkaøsldj,§ Ndú;hg .ekSug

kshñ; zf,dard fudähq,aZ ^fuh

o;a; vjqkaf,daâ lsÍu iy pkaøsldj

md,kh lsÍu i|yd fhdod .ekSug

kshñ;h& kue;s uDÿldx.h w;ayod

ne,Su;a n,dfmdfrd;a;=jla' ;j

o pkaøsld ie,iqï lsÍfï§ oekg

Ndú; jk oDvdx. l%uh fjkqjg

uDÿldx. l%uhla w;ayod n,kq

,nk w;r llaI.; lsÍfuka miq

pkaøsldj ;uka jgd lerflk

fõ.h wvq lsÍu ^active attitude stabilization& ms<sn| w;ayod

ne,Sug;a wfmalaId lrkjd' fï

w;r mDÓúfha pqïNl Yla;sh ms<sn|

wOHhkh lsÍu ;j;a wruqKla'

cmdkfha lHqIq ;dlaI‚l

wOHhk wdh;kfha ^Kyushu Institute of Technology& isg

ks¾udKh l< fï pkaøsldj ms<sn|

úfoia udOH iu`. woyia olajñka

bxðfkare ;ß÷ ohdr;ak fufia

mjid ;snqKd'

zcmdk wNHjldY .fõIK

tackaish uÕska wfma pkaøsldj

cd;Hka;r wNHjldY uOHia:dkhg

hjkjd' lshqí pkaøsld úYd,

fkdjk ksid cd;Hka;r

wNHjldY uOHia:dkhg wdydr

iy ;j;a WmlrK heùfï§ wmf.a

pkaøsldj;a tfyg heùug iQodkï

lr,d ;sfhkjd' pkaøsldj llaI.;

lrkafka cd;Hka;r wNHjldY

uOHia:dkfha isg hsZ

t<fUk wm%sfh,a udifha§

Y%S ,xldfõ wNsudkh /f.k

wNHjldY .; jk rdjKd 1

ieneúka u rgla jYfhka furg

;nk iqúfYaI mshjrla' th

ch.%yKhla f,i ye¢kaùu

iqÿiq hs' fjk;a rgj, oejeka;

m¾fhaIK lghq;=j, kdhl;ajh

fndfyda wjia:dj, .kq ,nkafka

Y%S ,dxlslhka njhs ksrka;rfhka

jd¾;d jkafka' ta iïnkaOfhka

wmg jpkfha mßiudma; wre;ska u

we;af;a Woï wkkakg wjia:djla'

ta wo fkdj fyg Èkfha Ôj;a

fjñka" mDÓúfhka tyd is;k

;reKHfha uysufhka'

zuf.a tl u wruqK ;uhs Y%S

,xldfõ isáñka u Y%S ,xldfõ

u pkaøsldjla ks¾udKh lsÍu'

talg wjYH oekqu wmg ;sfnkjd'

myiqlï kï keyeZ ;ß÷ mjikafka

tf,i'

zuf.a wkd.; b,lalh ;uhs

wNHjldY bkaðfkare ;dlaIKh

iïnkaOfhka wdpd¾h Wmdêhla

,nd .ekSu' Bg miafia Y%S ,xldfõ

wNHjldY ;dlaIKh k`.d

isgqjkakhs uu lghq;= lrkafkaZ

ÿ,dks mjikjd'

;jÿrg;a fï is;sú,s ,xldj

;=< bm§ ,xldj ;=< u ñh hk

isysk muKla fkdúh hq;= hehs wm

igyka lr ;eîug leu;shs'

ksydrd fudkrú,

bkaÈhdj úiska f,dalfha wvq u nßka hq;a zl,dïieÜ ù2Z (Kalamsat-V2) pkaøsldj wNHjldY.;

lroa§ Y%S ,xldj fjkqfjka zrdjKd IZ (RAAVANA-1) llaI .; ùug iQodkï' th llaI.; ùu i|yd ndr fokq

,enqfõ cmdk cd;Hka;r wNHjldY uOHia:dkfhka ksid miq.shod cmdk wNHjldY

.fõIK wdh;kh fj; th ,nd ÿkakd'

bkaÈhdj iy mdlsia;dkh w;r

fï jkúg W;aikak fjñka

we;s .egqïldÍ ;;a;ajh cd;Hka;r

jYfhka úYd, wjOdkhla Èkdf.k

;sfnk ldrKhla' Tjqka w;r hqo

.egqula mjd we;s úh yels o hk

iel ixld fndfyda fokl= ;=<

u;=fjñka we;s wdldrhla o miq.sh

Èkj, olakg ,enqKd' b;sydih

mqrdu fï forg w;r tÈßjdÈlï

;snqKq nj ryila fkdfjhs' óg fmr

o lsysmj;djla u Tjqka w;r hqo .egqï

we;s ù ;sfnkjd' 1947" 1965 iy

1999 jirj, we;s jQ hqoaO fï w;ßka

m%Odk hs'

bkaÈhdj;a mdlsia;dkh;a w;r

±ka u;=ù ;sfnk w¨;a u >Ügkh

mek ke`.=fKa miq.sh fmnrjdß

ui 14 jeks Èk ldYaórfha mq,ajdud

keue;s m%foaYfha§" bkaÈhdkq

wdrCIl fin¿ka msßila /f.k

hñka ;snQ jdyk fm<lg t,a, jQ

ìysiqKq urdf.k uefrk m%ydrh

iuÕ hs' fndaïn wgjk ,o fudag¾

ßhla fï yuqÞ jdykj, ymamjd

mqmqrejd yer ;snQ w;r fin¿ka 40

lg wêl msßila thska urKhg

m;a jqKd' miq.sh jir 30 l ld,h

;=< ldYaórfha § bkaÈhdkq yuqÞjg

t,a, jQ oreKqu m%ydrh f,i hs fuh

ie,flkafka' mdlsia;dkh ;=< isg

ls%hd;aul jk cdhsIa-b-fudfyduâ

keue;s uqia,sï igkaldó ixúOdkh

fï m%ydrh ms<sn| j.lSu Ndr

f.k ;sfnkjd' WKqiqï .egqïldÍ

;;a;ajhla mek ke`.=fKa fuu

isoaêh;a iuÕ hs' fï w;r bkaÈhdkq

nqoaê wxY mjid ;snqfKa <Õ§ u

;j;a fun÷ urdf.k uefrk m%ydr

t,a, lsÍug chsIa-b-fudfyduâ

ixúOdkh iQÞkï fjñka isák njg

f;dr;=re we;s nj hs'

flfia fj;;a we;s ù ;sfnk

fï ;;a;ajh ms<sn| j f;areï

bkaÈhdj

mdlsia;dkh

fkdikaiqka

úfoia ú;a;súfoaia ú;a;s

kf¾kaø fudaÈ bïrdka Ldka

23 foi;sh2019 ud¾;= 15

.ekSfï§ ±ka ld,hl isg u

ldYaórh flaJø lrf.k mj;sk

.egqï iïnkaOfhka fláfhka fyda

úuid ne,Su jeo.;a' bkaÈhdfõ

W;=re foiska msysá ldYaórfha tla

fldgila wh;a jkafka bkaÈhdjg hs'

;j fldgila mdlsia;dkfha md,kh

hgf;a mj;skjd' Ökfha md,kh

hgf;a mj;sk l=vd fldgil=;a

;sfnkjd' by; lS urdf.k uefrk

m%ydrh t,a, jqfKa bkaÈhdfõ

md,kh hgf;a mj;sk cïuq ldYaór

m%dka;h ;=< hs' fuys Ôj;a jk

nyq;rh yska¥ka fkdjk w;r Tjqka

uqia,sï cd;slhka' fï miqìu ;=<

fï m%foaYh bkaÈhdfjka uqÞf.k

mdlsia;dkh iuÕ tla lsÍfï

jEhula lf,l isg u ls%hd;aul

fjñka ;sfnkjd' by; lS cdhsIa-b-

fudfyduâ jeks uqia,sï ixúOdk

igka lrñka isákafka tA fjkqfjka'

Tjqka ±ka ld,hl mgka u tu

m%dka;h ;=< ls%hd;aul fjñka

bkaÈhdkq wdrCIl wxY fj; m%ydr

t,a, lrñka isákq ±lsh yels hs'

flfia fj;;a 14 jeks Èk t,a,

jQ m%ydrfha oreKqlu ksidu th

bkaÈhdkqjka ;=< ±ä lïmkhla

iy fldamhla cks; lsÍug fya;=

jQ nj fmkS .shd' bkaÈhdj fpdaokd

lrñka isákafka ;u rgg tfrys j

ls%hd;aul jk fujeks igkaldó

ixúOdkj,g mdlsia;dkfha iyh

ysñ jk nj hs' fï ixúOdkj,g

mdlsia;dkh ;=< isg ls%hd;aul ùug

bv § ;sîu .ek ksrka;rfhka

bkaÈhdfõ úfrdaOh mdlsia;dkh

fj; t,a, fjkjd' cdhsIa-b-

fudfyduâ jeks ixúOdkj,g

mdlsia;dk yuqÞfõ iy nqoaê wxYj,

iyh ysñjk nj;a bkaÈhdfõ

m%Odk fpdaokdjla' mq,ajdud m%ydrh

weiqfrka forg w;r ±ä wd;;shla

f.dv kef`.ñka we;af;a fï miqìu

;=< hs'

m%ydrh t,a, jqfKa bkaÈhdfõ

uy ue;sjrKh b;d wdikak j

;sìh§ ùu ksid tys n,mEu

bkaÈhdkq foaYmd,k mCIj,g

o ;Èka ±fkkakla njg

m;a j ;sfnkjd' ^ue;sjrKh

meje;afjkafka wfm%a,a-uehs

udij, hs& úYd, m%ydrhg j.lsj

hq;a;kag tA fjkqfjka f,dl=

jkaÈhla f.ùug isÿjkq we;s njg

w.ue;s kf¾Jø fudaÈ miq.sh Þ

m%ldYhla lr ;snqKd' bkaÈhdj

mdlsia;dkhg tfrys j yuqÞu h

ls%hdud¾.hla .kSúo hk ldrKh

.ek mjd úYd, wjOdkhla fhduqù

;sfnkjd' fï w;r mdlsia;dk

w.ue;s bïrdka Ldka fuhg

ál Èklg fmr mjid ;snqfKa

bkaÈhdj tjeks yuqÞuh ls%hdud¾.

hla .;fyd;a mdlsia;dkh o thg

m%;spdr olajkq we;s nj hs' trg

rEmjdysksh yryd úfYaI m%ldYhla

l< bïrdka lshd isáfha m%ydrh

t,a, l< igkaldó ixúOdkhg

mdlsia;dk rcfha iyh ,efnk

nj Tmamq l< yels idCIs lsisjla

bÈßm;a fkdlr kslrefKa ;u rgg

fpdaokd t,a, lsÍfuka bkaÈhdj

je<lS isáh hq;= nj hs' hï fyhlska

bkaÈhdkq yuqÞ mdlsia;dkhg

tfrys j m%ydrhla Èh;a l<fyd;a

mdlsia;dkh o ksiel j u thg

m%;spdr olajkq we;s nj o Tyq tys§

wjOdrKh l<d' rgj,a folu fï

jkúg kHIaál wúj,ska ikakoaO

rgj,a ùu o fndfyda md¾Yaj ;=<

fkdikaiqkalula we;s lsÍug

fya;=jla ù ;sfnkjd' tlai;a

cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkfha uy f,alï

wkaf;daksfhda .=;f¾ia o m%ldYhla

lrñka bjiSfuka lghq;= lrk

fuka foráka u b,a,Sula lr ;snqKd'

by; lS fndaïn m%ydrh t,a,

l< cdhsIa-b-fudfyduâ ixúOdkhg

mdlsia;dk yuqÞfõ iy nqoaê wxYj,

iyh ,efnk njg ;uka i;=j m%n,

idCIs we;ehs bkaÈhdj m%ldYhla

lr ;snqKd' tA idCIs we;=<;a ,smsf.

dkqjla Tjqka ilia lrñka isák

nj;a" th cd;Hka;r md¾Yaj

fj; bÈßm;a lrñka tA yryd

mdlsia;dkhg tfrys j cd;Hka;r

úfrdaOhla f.dkq lsÍug iQÞkï

fjñka isák nj;a udOH yryd

wkdjrKh jqKd' fuhg wÞ< j

mdlsia;dkh mjikafka tjeks

idlaIs we;akï tA ms<sn| j mq¿,a

mÍlaIKhla isÿ lrk f,i hs' tjeks

mÍCIKhlg iïmQ¾K iyh ,nd

§ug ;uka iQÞkï nj o mdlsia;dk

n,OdÍka m%ldY lr ;snqKd'

fï w;r mdlsia;dkhg tfrys j

fjf<| fCIa;%hg wÞ< j hï hï

mshjr .ekSug o bkaÈhdj lghq;=

lr we;s njhs jd¾;d jqfKa'

mdlsia;dkfha isg bkaÈhdjg

wdkhkh lrk ish¨ u NdKav

i|yd jk ;Sre nÿ ishhg 200

lska jeä lsÍug Tjqka ;SrKh lr

;sfnkjd' fï w;r mdlsia;dkh

o bkaÈhdfjka f.kajk NdKav

iïnkaOfhka iSud mekùu .ek

l,amkd lrñka isák neõ miq.sh

Èkj, trg udOH jd¾;d lr ;snqKd'

tjekakla isÿ jqjfyd;a thska

forfÜ u wd¾Ólhg hï n,mEula

isÿ úh yels nj ryila fkdfj hs'

bÈßfha§ hqo .egqula we;s jkq

we;ehs hk ìfhka ldYaórfha

ck;dj wdydr" bkaOk wdÈh /ialr

;nd .ekSu wdrïN lr we;s njhs

jd¾;d jqfKa' fï w;r ldYaórh

;=< bkaÈhdkq yuqÞ wxY ;r lr

we;s njo jd¾;d jqKd' bkaÈhdkq

.=jkahdkd mdlsia;dk iSudjg

.uka lr tys chsIa-b-fudfyduâ

l|jqrej,g myr t,a, lr we;s

nj;a" mdlsia;dkh o m%;sm%ydr t,a,

lsÍug mshjr .ksñka isák nj;a

jd¾;d jqKd'

ksyd,a mSßia

bkaÈhdj fpdaokd

lrñka isákafka

;u rgg tfrys j

ls%hd;aul jk fujeks

igkaldó ixúOdkj,g

mdlsia;dkfha iyh

ysñ jk nj hs'

fï ixúOdkj,g

mdlsia;dkh ;=<

isg ls%hd;aul

ùug bv § ;sîu

.ek ksrka;rfhka

bkaÈhdfõ úfrdaOh

mdlsia;dkh fj; t,a,

fjkjd'

foi;sh 2019 ud¾;= 1524

i¾jck Pkao n,h"

m%cd;ka;%jdoh iy ck;d

mrudêm;Hh ms<sn| j wm

iudcfha lÓldjla mj;skafka

oYl .Kkdjl isg hs' th

jßkajr u;= jk iy hg

hk lÓldjla njg m;a j

;sfnkjd' tfy;a fï .sks mqmqr

.sks ue,hla fia oe,aù ;sìh

hq;= hs' i¾jck Pkao n,h"

m%cd;ka;%jdoh iy ck;d

mrudêm;H ms<sn| yeÕSula

ck;dj ;=< we;s l< úg hs

ck;djg ;ukaf.a whs;sjdislï

/l.; yels fjkafka'

ue;sjrK fldñIka iNdj 2017

-2020 Wmdhud¾. ie,eiafuys olajd

we;s wkaoñka m%cd;ka;%jdoh ms<sn|

iudc lÓldjla we;s lsÍu uq,a

lr.ksñka le,‚h úYajúoHd,fha

ckikaksfõok wOHhk wxYh

yd wOHdmk wud;HdxYh tlaj

m%cd;ka;%jdoh" ck;d mrudêm;H yd

i¾j¾ck Pkao n,h iïnkaOfhka

ck;dj oekqj;a lsÍu i|yd hs

—fm!r˜ (Stories of Democracy) kñka flá Ñ;%mg Wf<,la

ixúOdkh lrkafka'

ue;sjrK fldñifï iNdm;s

uyskao foaYm%sh —fm!r˜ flá

Ñ;%mg Wf<, ms<sn| woyia olajd

isáfha fï whqßka'

—ue;sjrK fldñIka iNdfõ

j.lSu jkafka i¾jck Pkao n,h

iq/flk mßÈ ksoyia yd idOdrK

Pkao úuiSï meje;aùu iy ta i|yd

25 foi;sh2019 ud¾;= 15

foi;sh 2019 ud¾;= 1526

wjYH Pkao ysñ kdu f,aLkh ilia

lsÍu hs' tfy;a 17 jeks wdKavql%u

jHjia:d ixfYdaOkfha oelafjkafka

ue;sjrK fldñiu wod< lreKq

folg muKla iSud fkdúh hq;=

njla' uyck;dj oekqj;a lsÍu

o ue;sjrK fldñIka iNdfõ

ld¾hNdrhla'

l=ula .ek o ck;dj oekqj;a

lrkafka@ m%cd;ka;%jdoh r|d

mj;skafka i¾jck Pkao n,fhka'

wfma rgg m%cd;ka;%jdoh jeo.;a

fjkafka wehs@ m%cd;ka;%jdoh"

ck;d mrudêm;H jeks oE

jHjia:djg muKla iSud ù we;s

njhs fndfyda fokl=f.a u; h'

tfy;a tjekakla keye' wdKavql%u

jHjia:dfõ m<uq jeks jHjia:djg

wkqj wfma rfÜ ku i|yka

fjkafka zY%S ,xld m%cd;dka;%sl

iudcjd§ ckrchZf,i hs' t;ek u

m%cd;ka;%jdoh ;sfnkjd' ksfhdack

m%cd;ka;%jdoh l%shd;aul jk

rglg wjYH jkafka i¾jck Pkao

n,hla'

jir 8l muK ld,hl isg cqks

01 jeksodg hs Pkao ysñhkaf.a Èkh

iurkafka' ta fjkqfjka md .uka

ixúOdkh lrkjd' oekqu ñkqu"

rpkd iy lÓl ;r." udOHfõ§ka

oekqj;a lsÍfï jevigyka Wmdh

ud¾. ie,eiaug we;=<;a' ta

w;r;=r ;uhs ks,OdÍkaf.ka

fhdackdjla bÈßm;a jqfKa flá

Ñ;%mg ;r.dj,shla mj;ajkak

lsh,d'˜

m%cd;ka;%jdoh ms<sn| kjH yd

ks¾udKYS,S m%fõYhla f,i ck;dj

oekqj;a lsÍu i|yd flá Ñ;%mg

ksIamdokh lr.ekSu;a —fm!r˜

flá Ñ;%mg Wf<f,a tla wruqKla'

tys§ l,d lafIa;%fha m%ùKhka"

;reK ks¾udKlrejka" úoHd¾Óka"

mdi,a YsIH YsIHdjka fï jevigyk

u`.ska ue;sjrK fldñIka iNdfõ

md¾Yajlrejka f,i iïnkaO lr

.ekSu isÿ fjkjd'

fï i|yd NdId ;=fkka u flá

Ñ;%mg bÈßm;a l< yels hs' bÈßm;a

lrk flá Ñ;%mgj, Odjk ld,h

úkdä 05g fkdjeä úh hq;= w;r

HD äðg,a ;dlaIKh hs tys§ Ndú;

l< hq;af;a' rEmrduqj, ;;a;ajh

HD ^16'9& o ùäfhda wdlD;sh MP4 (DVD Data format) o úh hq;= hs'

f;dard.kakd flá jd¾;d Ñ;%mg"

ue;sjrK fldñIka iNdfõ bÈß

jevigyka i|yd Ndú; lsÍug bv

,nd§ug tl`.ùu ;r.lrejkag

mekfjk fldkafoaishla'

újD; iy mdi,a jYfhka

wxY folla hgf;a hs ;r.

meje;afjkafka' újD; wxYfha m%:u

ia:dkh i|yd re 125"000la yd

fojk ia:dkh i|yd re' 100"000la

f;jeks ia:dkh i|yd re' 75"000la

o jYfhka uqo,a ;Hd. msßkefukjd'

mdi,a wxYh fjkqfjka uqo,a ;Hd.

msßkefukafka m%:u ia:dkh i|yd

re' 50"000la" fojeks ia:dkh i|yd

re' 30"000la" f;jeks ia:dkh i|yd

re' 20"000la jYfhka'

Bg wu;rj flá Ñ;%mg bÈßm;a

lrk ish¨ ks¾udKlrejka i|yd

iy;slm;a msßkeóug;a lghq;=

lr ;sfnkjd' m%cd;ka;%jdoh"

ck;d mrudêm;H yd i¾jck

Pkao n,h ms<sn| j mdi,a

YsIH" YsIHdjka oekqj;a lsÍu"

flá Ñ;%mg ksIamdokh lsÍu

iïnkaOfhka wjYH ;dlaI‚l

oekqu ,nd§u i|yd ish¨ mdi,a

ksfhdackh jk mßÈ jevuq¿ 22la

meje;aùug;a kshñ; hs' tu jevuq¿

meje;afjkafka ud¾;= 15 jeks Èk

isg 25 jeks Èk olajd'

flá Ñ;%mg Ndr.kakd wjika

Èkh jkafka 2019 uehs ui 15

jeksod hs' f;dard .kakd flá jd¾;d

Ñ;%mg m%o¾Ykh lsÍfï Wf<,"

úoaj;a lÓldj yd ;Hd. m%odkh

cqks ui 08 jeks Èk m'j'3'00g

meje;afjkafka cd;sl Ñ;%mg

ixia:dfõ ;rx.kS iskud Yd,dfõoS'

zwmg bkakjd fndfydu

olaI ks¾udKd;aul orejka iy

.=rejreka' fuh Tjqkag ;ukaf.a

ks¾udK" olaI;d bÈßm;a lrkak

,efnk fyd| wjia:djla' ta ksid

u wOHdmk wud;HdxYh úÈyg

mQ¾K iyfhda.h wm ,nd fokak

leu;shsZ wOHdmk ksfhdacH wOHlaI

jreK w,yfldaka —fm!r˜ flá

Ñ;%mg Wf<, iïnkaOfhka woyia

oelajQfha tf,i hs'

ldxpkd isßj¾Ok

wmg bkakjd fndfydu olaI

ks¾udKd;aul orejka iy .=rejreka'

fuh Tjqkag ;ukaf.a ks¾udK"

olaI;d bÈßm;a lrkak ,efnk

fyd| wjia:djla' ta ksid u wOHdmk

wud;HdxYh úÈyg mQ¾K iyfhda.h

,nd fokak leu;shs

27 foi;sh2019 ud¾;= 15

mßirhmßirh

we;eï m%Yakj,g rgla f,i

wm uqyqKfokafka ;ks ;ks

jYfhka jqj;a iuia; f,dalhg u

tla j úi÷ï fiùug isÿjk m%Yak

o ke;=jd u fkdfõ' tA w;ßka

m%uqL lreKla f,i y÷kdf.k

;sfnkafka mdßißl .eg¨jla jk

jdhq ¥IKh by< hdu' ta ms<sn`o

fï jk úg f.da,Sh m%cdj tla j

úi÷ï fiùug .kakd m%h;akh

w.h l< hq;af;a ksoyfia

yqiau .ekSug yels mßirhla

f.dvke`.Su wm ish¨ fokdf.a u

j.lSula o jk ksid'

f,dalfha ck;dj ñhhdug

n,mdk ldrKd wkqj 23]la ñh

hkafka mdßißl idOl u; njg

wkdjrKh ù ;sfnkjd' 2016

jif¾ f,dal fi!LH ixúOdkh

wkdjrKh l< o;a; wkqj

jirlg jdhq ¥IKh fya;=fjka

ñh hk msßi ñ,shk 7la' tys§

msg; jdhq ¥IKh ksid ñ,shk

4'2la ck;dj ñh hk w;r

.Dyia: jdhq ¥IKh ksid ñ,shk

3'8la ñh hk nj hs fi!LH yd

foaYSh ffjoH wud;HdxYfha

mdßißl yd jD;a;Sh fi!LH

wxYfha m%cd fi!LH úfYaI{

ffjoH bfkdald iqrùr udOH

±kqj;a lsÍfï jevuq¿jg

tlafjñka fmkajd fokafka' tA

wkqj jdhq ¥IKh ksid yg.kakd

fmky¨ ms<sldj,ska 29]la"

wd>d;fhka 24]la" yDo frda.j,ska

25]la fuka u §¾>ld,Sk fmky¨

frda.j,ska 43]la ñh hk nj;a

weh wjOdrKh lrkafka fuys

we;s Nhdkl nj meyeÈ<s lrñka'

mdßißl iu;=,s; nj .s<syS

hdu ksid we;sjk fï ;;a;ajhg

iajdNdúl fya;= fuka u udkj

l%shdldrlï o n, md ;sfnkjd'

ta fya;=fjka ¥IHldrl jdhq f,i

ie,flk i,a*¾ vfhdlaihsâ"

khsg%cka Tlaihsâ" ldnka

fudfkdlaihsâ" óf;aka jeks jdhq

idkaøK by< hdu jdhq ¥IKh

f,i hs ie,flkafka'

uyje,s ixj¾Ok yd mßir

wud;HdxYfha wOHlaI ^foaY.=Ksl&

wdpd¾h iqksu,a ch;=x. i|yka

lrkafka 1988 jif¾§ msysgqjd

yqiau .kakbvla keoao@

f,dalfha ck;dj ñhhdug n,mdk ldrKd

wkqj 23]la ñh hkafka mdßißl idOl u;

njg wkdjrKh ù ;sfnkjd' 2016 jif¾

f,dal fi!LH ixúOdkh wkdjrKh l<

o;a; wkqj jirlg jdhq ¥IKh fya;=fjka

ñh hk msßi ñ,shk 7la'

.kakd ,o foaY.=K úm¾hdi

ms<sn| wka;¾ rdcH uKav,h (Inter governmental Panal of climate change) úiska jdhqf.da,Sh WIaK;ajh

by< hdfuka we;s jk foaY.=‚l

úm¾hdi u; §¾>ld,Sk m%;súmdl

we;s úh yels njg mqfrdal:kh lr

;sfnk nj' tA wkqj W;a;r O%ejfha

yd olaIsK O%ejfha whsia Èhùu ksid

uqyqÿ c, uÜgu by< hdu f.da,Sh

wjÞkula f,i hs y÷kdf.k

;sfnkafka' fuys§ ixj¾ê; jQ

rgj,a jdhq f.da,hg yß;d.dr jdhq

tl;= lrk w;r ixj¾Okh fjñka

mj;sk rgj,a o thg tla ù we;ehs

hkak wkdjrKh ù we;s nj;a

,xldfõ fï i|yd Þhl;ajh 0'1]la

jk nj;a Tyq i|yka lrkjd' fï

wkqj tAl mqoa.,

yß;d.dr jdhq úfudapkh

fgdka 7'8la f,i hs .Kka

n,d ;sfnkafka' flfia fj;;a

weußldfõ tAl mqoa., yß;d.dr

jdhq úfudapkh fgdka 22000-

23000;a w;r uÜgul mej;Sfuka

fmkS hkafka ixj¾ê; rgj,

l%shdldß;ajh ±ä j jdhq ¥IKh

by< hdug n,mdk nj'

fï wjodkï ;;a;ajhg

uqyqK§ug ish¨ rgj,a ne`§ isák

nj wm wu;l fkdl< hq;= hs'

flfia fj;;a ta i`oyd rgj,a

l%shdlrk wdldrh úuik úg fmkS

hkafka ;u ;ukaf.a hq;=lï yd

j.lSï bgq lsÍug Tjqka olajk

odhl;ajfha wvqjeä nj' ta ms<sn`o

woyia olajk wdpd¾h iqksu,a

ch;=x.¦—1992 jif¾ n%iS,fha

ßfhda o cefkhsfrda kqjr meje;s

tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixj¾Ok yd

mßir ms<sn| iuq¿fõ§ we;s lr.;a

tlai;a cd;Skaf.a foaY.=K úm¾hdi

ms<sn| rduq.; iïuq;sh jdhq

¥IKh wju lsÍug bgq lrkafka

m%uqL ld¾hNdrhla' Y%S ,xldj tys

md¾Yajlrejl= njg m;a jkafka

1993 jif¾ isg' fï rgj,a tla j

msysgqjd .;a lsfhdf;da ikaOdkhg

ixj¾Okh fjñka mj;sk rgj,g

ne£ula ;snqfKa keye' ixj¾ê;

rgj,a yß;d.dr jdhq wju lsÍug hs

tys§ tlÕ;djg meñKsfha'

fï ikaOdkfha 2008-2012 m<uq

jeks Oqr ld,h ;=< ixj¾ê;

rgj,a mQ¾j ld¾ñl ;;a;ajh

ie,ls,a,g f.k 1990 jirg

idfmalaI j yß;d.dr jdhqj,ska 5]

la wvq lsÍug tlÕ jqKd' weußldj

thg tla jqfKA keye' hqfrdamd

ix.uh thg tla jqKd' 2012 jif¾

fodayd k.rfha meje;s 18 jeks

md¾Yajlrejkaf.a iuq¿fõ§ 2013-

2020 fojk Oqr ld,h ;=< 1990 jirg

idfmalaI j yß;d.dr jdhqj,ska 18]

la wvq lsÍug tlÕ jqj;a weußldj"

lekvdj" reishdj" cmdkh iy

kjiS,ka;h hk rgj,a thg tla

jqfKa keye' fï w;r rgj,a 144la

fï i|yd tl`.;ajh m< l< hq;=

jqj;a th tfia fkdjQ ksid fï

fojk Oqr ld,h ;ju;a n, .eka

ù keye'

flfia fj;;a 2015 jif¾ t<eô

meßia .súiqu wkqj ;SrKh jqfKa

ydjâ úYajúoHd,fha

isÿ l< iólaIKhlg

wkqj tal mqoa., wdodhu

fvd,¾ 1200g jeä ùu;a

iu`. fudag¾ ihsl,hla

w;a lr .ekSug;a tal

mqoa., wdodhu fvd,¾

3500g jeä ùu;a iu`.

fudag¾ r:hla w;a lr

.ekSug;a fhduqjk nj

wkdjrKh ù ;sfnkjd'

foi;sh 2019 ud¾;= 1528

rgj,a ;ks ;ks j yß;d.dr jdhq wju

lsÍug lghq;= l< hq;= njg' zfoaYSh

j kS¾Kh lrk ,o Þhl;ajhZ

f,i hs th ye`Èkafjkafka' ta

wkqj 2100 jir jk úg f.da,Sh

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mj;ajd .; hq;= njg hs ;SrKh

jqfKa'˜

msg; jdhq ¥IKh yd wNHka;r

jdhq ¥IKh ksid isÿ jk

n,mEu lsis úfgl;a .Kkh

l< fkdyelalla' úfYaIfhka

fmdis, bkaOk oykh ksid

msg jk r:jdyk ÿu iy

l¾udka;Yd,dj,ska msgjk úI jdhq

mßir ¥IHldrl hs' j¾;udkfha

jdyk Ndú;h by< hdu tu

;;a;ajh ;Sj% lrkjd' m%jdyk

wud;HdxYfha ysgmq f,alï" m%jdyk"

wd¾Òl yd uQ,H úYaf,aaIl ã' tia

chùr wkdjrKh lrk wdldrhg

fï ;;a;ajh Woa.; ù ;sfnkafka

iudc wd¾Ól ldrKd /ila o

fya;=fjka'

tA ms<sn| woyia olajk ã' tia

chùr —2008 jir jk úg 33]la

jQ Y%S ,xldfõ fm!oa.,sl m%jdyk

fiajh fï jk úg 56]la olajd jeä

ù ;sfnkjd' fmdÿ m%jdyk fiajdj

ÈhqKq fkdùu ksid ;u wdodhug

iß,k mßÈ m%jdyk udOHhlg

udre ùug lghq;= lsÍuhs thg

fya;=j' ydjâ úYajúoHd,fha isÿ

l< iólaIKhlg wkqj tal

mqoa., wdodhu fvd,¾ 1200g jeä

ùu;a iu`. fudag¾ ihsl,hla w;a

lr .ekSug;a tal mqoa., wdodhu

fvd,¾ 3500g jeä ùu;a iu`.

fudag¾ r:hla w;a lr .ekSug;a

fhduqjk nj wkdjrKh ù

;sfnkjd' ta wkqj ud¾. ;onoh

jeä lrk jdyk m%udKh jeäùu

ksid jdhq ¥IKh by< hdu

fkdje<elaúh yels lreKlaa'˜

tfia u msg; jdhq ¥IKhg n,mdk

l¾udka;Yd,dj, w¾nqoh;a

wjOdkhg ,laúh hq;= ldrKdjla'

fndfyda l¾udka;Yd,d h,a mek

.sh ;dlaI‚l Ys,aml%u u; fuka

u ld¾hlaIu;dfjka wvq bkaOk

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tuÕska mßirhg isÿjk ydksh

úYd, hs'

.Dyia: jdhq ¥IKh ksid isÿ

jk ydkshg fnfyúka f.dÿre

jkafka ldka;djka fuka u orejka'

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jYfhka .ejiSu thg fya;=j hs'

mdrïmßl ,smaj, or oykh u`.sska

isÿ jk jdhq ¥IKh mj;skafka

by< uÜgul' f,dalfha ì,shk 3la

or Ndú;d lrk w;r mehl§ or

oykh lsÍfuka is.rÜ 300l oyk

úIla ksl=;a jk nj;a wkdjrKh

ù we;s ldrKdjla' ta wkqj u<

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fkdfïre ore Wm;a" Èhjeähdj"

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w;r ;sfnk frda.S ;;a;ajh ;j;a

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hs' jdhq ¥IKfha n,mEu ksid

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orejka f.dÿre ùug;a we;s bvlv

o jeä hs'

fï ;;a;ajh j<lajd .ekSug

kï taa i`oyd fláld,Sk fuka u

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ld¾ñl ;dlaIK wdh;kfha

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iïnkaOfhka m%ñ;s keye' tfy;a

fjk;a rgj, fï ms<sn`o wjOdkh

jeä hs' ksjdi WKqiqï lsÍug .,a

w`.=re ±ùu ksid isÿ jk jdhq

¥IKh je<elaùug m<uq tâjâ

rcq ,kavka k.rfha kS;sh ;Èka

l%shd;aul lsÍug hs lghq;= lf<a'

ta" tjeks l%shdjla l<fyd;a ysi

.id ouk njg ;Skaÿ lsÍfuka'

tfia u 1943 jif¾ f,dia

wekac,Sia kqjr m%ldY ridhk óÿu

fya;=fjka jukh" l,ka;h" Yajik

wmyiq;d ksid ck;djg uqyqK§ug

isÿjqfKa wmyiq;d /ilg' fujeks

isoaê u; jdhq ¥IKh md,kh

29 foi;sh2019 ud¾;= 15

foi;sh 2019 ud¾;= 1530

lsÍug f,dalfha ±ä wjOdkhla

fhduq ù ;sfnkjd'

uyje,s ixj¾Ok yd mßir

wud;HdxYh úiska z2025-msßiqÿ

jd;h i`oyd jQ l%shdldÍ ie,eiauZ

ilia lr ta Tiafia jdhq ¥IKh

wju lsÍug lghq;= lr ;sfnkjd'

hQfrda m%ñ;sfhka hqq;a jdyk muKla

wdkhkh lsÍug ;SrK .ekSu jdhq

¥IKh msgq ±lSug .;a l%shdud¾.hla'

Y%S ,xldfõ jdyk jdhq úfudapk

m%ñ;s y÷kajd §u" rdcH fuka u

rdcH fkdjk wdh;kj, iydh

,nd .ksñka .Dyia: jdhq ¥IKh

md,kh" wúêu;a fuka u kqiqÿiq

yd wkqu; fkdl< l%shdldrlï

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f.k we;s mshjr' fuys§ bÈlsÍï

lafIa;%fha kS;s jeä lsÍug o

mshjr f.k we;s w;r cd;Hka;r

iyfhda.h fï lghq;= i`oyd ,nd

.ekSu w;HjYH ldrKhla f,i

hs y`ÿkdf.k ;sfnkafka' Èkm;d

jdhq ¥IKh uekSug lghq;= lsÍu;a

.;a tla l%shdud¾.hla' cd;sl

f.dvke.s,s m¾fhaIK wdh;kfha

fÊHIaG úµd{ tÉ'ã'tia' fm%auisß

mjikafka ,xldfõ k.r 12l fï

lghq;= isÿ jk nj' uq,ska u 1998

jif¾ fld<U k.rfha jdhq ¥IKh

uekSug lghq;= flreKq w;r 2012

jißka miqjhs uykqjr" l=reKE.,"

mq;a;,u" wkqrdOmqr jeks k.rj,

th l%shd;aul jkafka' f,dalfha

Tka,hska l%uhg fï lghq;= isÿ

fjkjd' airvisual app u`.ska tu

f;dr;=re mÍlaId lsÍfï yelshdj

;sfnkjd' Tyq fmkajd fok

wdldrhg jdhq ¥IKh jeä jYfhka

isÿ jkafka Bidk È. fudaiï iq<x

l%shd;aul jk ld,fha§' tfia u

fld<U k.rhg jvd uykqjr

k.rfha jeä jYfhka jdyk

.ejfik ksid i,a*¾vfhdlaihsâ

idkaøKh jeä ùfuka tu k.rfha

jdhq ¥IKh jeä ùu;a fï jk úg

y`ÿkdf.k ;sfnk ldrKhla'

m%jdyk" wd¾Òl yd uQ,H

úYaf,aaIl ã' tia chùr i`oyka

lrkafka fï i`oyd fmdÿ m%jdyk

fiajh Yla;su;a l< hq;= nj'

2003 jif¾ Bhï rys; fmg%,a

Ndú;hg fhduq ùu;a 2007 jif¾

oaú;aj myr ;%Sú,¾ y`ÿkajd §u;a

jeo.;a mshjrla' fuys§ wjOdkh

fhduq jQ 2024 jir jk úg ÿïßh

úÿ,shlrKh lsÍug fï jk úg

.súiqï w;aika lr wjika' fmg%,a-

ãi,a ie,eiau hgf;a hQfrda 5 iqm¾

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msßiqÿ fmg%,a iy ãi,a Ndú;hg;a

wjOdkh fhduq ù ;sfnkjd'

Èrdm;a jk li<j, ksmofjk

óf;aka jdhqj úI iys; hs' ta

ksid li< w;r WmøjldÍ

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wjOdkhla fhduq l< hq;= fjkjd'

l¾udka;Yd,d iy frday,aj,

wmøjH ms<siaiSfï§ WIaK;ajh

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wju hs' wkqu; ridhk øjH i`oyd

fhduq ùu" kshñ; m%udKhg yd

wdrlaIs; j tu ridhk øjH .nvd

lr ;eîu wjYH hs' ta wkqj li<

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jdhqj ksIamdokh lr n,Yla;sh

f,i Ndú; lsÍu wjYH nj

hs uyje,s ixj¾Ok yd mßir

wud;HdxYfha mßir ¥IK md,k

yd ridhk øjH l<ukdlrK

wxYfha iyldr wOHlaI iqÔjd

m%kdkaÿ i`oyka lrkafka'

fï wkqj jdhq ¥IKh wju

lsÍu iïnkaOfhka ±kqj;aNdjhla

ck;djg ,nd §u" jdhq ¥IK md,k

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l%u fj; fhduq ùu" jk .ykh

jeä lsÍu" mqk¾ckkSh n,Yla;s

fj; fhduqùu wd§ ldrKd flfrys

fhduq ùu w;sYhska jeo.;a'

ud,d u,aldka;s mrK.uf.a

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z2025 msßiqÿ jd;h i`oyd jQ l%shdldÍ ie,eiauZ

ilia lr tA Tiafia jdhq ¥IKh wju lsÍug

lghq;= lr ;sfnkjd' hQfrda m%ñ;sfhka hqq;a jdyk

muKla wdkhkh lsÍug ;SrK .ekSu jdhq ¥IKh

msgq ±lSug .;a l%shdud¾.hla'

31 foi;sh2019 ud¾;= 15

fkdfndaod uykqjr

jrd;ekak ylals`o

m%foaYh mdßißl wdrlaIK

m%foaYhla njg kï lsÍug rch

úiska mshjr .ekqKd' ta" 1979 wxl

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mkf;a i|yka úêúOdk wkqj'

,xldfõ fiiq Èia;%slal iu`.

ii`ok úg uykqjr Èia;%slalhg

ysñ jkafka iqúfYaI ia:dkhla'

ft;sydisluh jYfhka mj;sk

jákdlu fuka u wd.ñl iy

ixialD;sluh jYfhka olakg we;s

jákdlï Bg m%Odk;u fya;=j hs'

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jeä lsÍug Èia;%slalfha ld,.=‚l

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;sfnkjd'

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f,ihs jeä fokdf.a ms<s.ekSu'

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jákdlu foia úfoiays m%p,s; hs'

ta ksid ,xldfõ fï wisßh ú`§ug

meñfKk úfoaYslfhla uykqjrg

fkdmeñ‚h fyd;a th úYd,

wvqmdvqjla f,i hs i,lkafka'

uykqjr Èia;%slalfha mßir

moaO;sh ms<sn`oj;a th /l .ekSfï

we;s wjYH;dj ms<sn`oj;a ks;r

ks;r l;dnyg ,la lrkjd'

úfYaIfhka u yka;dk l÷jeáh

wdrlaId lr .ekSug óg jir

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flfrk bÈlsÍï we;=¿ mdßißl

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yka;dk /l .ekSu i`oyd f.k

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jk úg yka;dk m%foaYh mdßißl

wdrlaIK m%foaYhla f,i kï lr

;sfnkjd'

yka;dk l`ÿjeáh iy ta wdY%s;

m%foaYfha we;s jákdlu .ek

jeä msßila oekf.k isáh;a

uykqjr Èia;%slalfha u msysgd we;s

jrd;ekak ylals`oiq/fla

foi;sh 2019 ud¾;= 1532

ufkdacd iurkdhl

Bg fkdfojeks jákdlula we;s

jrd;ekak ylals`o m%foaYh ms<sn`o

jeä msßila wid fkd;sfnkakg

mq¿jka' tfy;a uykqjr muKla

fkdj ish¨ ,dxlslhkaf.a

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f,i jrd;ekak ylals`o m%foaYh

y`ÿkajkak mq¿jka'

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hk m%dfoaYSh f,alï fldÜGdij,g

wh;a jrd;ekak ylals`o m%foaYh

.%du ks,Odß jiï yhlg wh;ajk

f,i msysgd ;sfnkjd' uyje,s

.Õ wdY%s; ixfõ§ iy iqúfYaIS

ruKSh mßir moaO;shlska hq;a fï

m%foaYfha we;s ffcj úúO;ajh b;d

jeo.;a' ¥m;a úYd, ixLHdjla iys;

j uyje,s .f`.a m<, u ia:dkh;a

mgq u ia:dkh;a tlsfklg

b;d u wdikak j msysàu fuys

iqúfYaI;ajh hs'

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nÿ,a, hk wjodkug ,la j we;s

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jQ c,c Ydl o m%foaYfha§ oel.;

yels hs' .vhd" oï fld< fm;shd"

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wjYH kï ta i`oyd ylals`o m%foaYhg

meñŒug isÿ fjkjd' Y%S ,xldjg

wdfõKsl mlaISka jk uQl,ka

fldÜfgdarejd" iy uhs, f.dhd hk

mlaISka o oel n,d .ekSug fyda

m¾fhaIK lsÍug meñfKkafka kï

ta i`oyd o ylalsog u meñ‚h hq;=

hs'

ylals`o m%foaYh ft;sydisluh

jYfhka o b;d jeo.;a' jir

ishhlg jvd mer‚ ,.a <s`o kï

fidfrdõjla msysàu thska tla

jákdlula' tfuka u Wvrg

wurmqr ksldfha jrd;ekak iSud

ud,lh o fï m%foaYfha msysgd

;sfnkjd' fujeks iqúfYaI;d ksid

m¾fhaIlhka" iriú úoHd¾Òka"

ixpdrlhka iy l,dlrejka jeks

m%foaYh .ek okakd ie,lsh hq;=

msßila fï jrd;ekak ylals`o

m%foaYhg meñfKkjd' tfia jqj;a

tys wisßh ú`o.kakg;a m¾fhaIK

i`oyd;a meñfKk we;eï

mqoa.,hkaf.a l%shd l,dm ksid

ukialdka; mßir moaO;sh Èfkka

Èk msßySug m;a fjñka ;sfnkjd'

wkjir f.dv lsÍï" uyje,s .Õg

wm c,h iy wmøjH uqod yeÍï"

rlaIs; wkjirfhka w,a,d .ekSu

iy bÈlsÍï iy wúêu;a mßyrKh

ta w;ßka m%Odk fjkjd'

jrd;ekak ylals`o m%foaYhg

ld,dka;rhl isg isÿfjñka hk

fï mdßißl ;¾ckh .ek rcfha

iy j.lsj hq;a;kaf.a wjOdkhg

fhduq l< o fndfyda wjia:dj, ta

ms<sn`o t;rï wjOdkhlg fhduq

fkdùu wjdikdjla' fï ms<sn`o j

bl=;a jif¾§ ckdêm;sjrhdf.a

wjOdkhg fhduqùfuka jrd;ekak

ylalso m%foaYh mdßißl wdrlaIl

m%foaYla f,i kï lsÍug lghq;=

lsÍu iuia; ,dxlslhkaf.a muKla

fkdj f,dalfha u mßirfõ§kaf.a

o f.!rjdorhg ,la jk lreKla'

ta" iu`. 1947 wxl 47 ork cd;sl

mdßirsl mk; hgf;a fï m%foaYh

o iqúfYaI mdßißl jákdlula

iys; wdrlaId lr .; hq;= m%foaYla

njg m;a j ;sfnkjd'

,xldjg wdfõ‚l

wegU iy nÿ,a, hk

wjodkug ,la j we;s

Ydl fï m%foaYfha

msysgd we;s w;r flg,

jeks wjodkug ,la jQ

c,c Ydl o m%foaYfha§

oel.; yels hs' Y%S

,xldjg wdfõ‚l mlaISka

jk uQl,ka fldÜfgdarejd"

iy uhs,f.dhd hk

mlaISka o oel n,d

.ekSug fyda m¾fhaIK

lsÍug meñfKkafka kï

ta i`oyd o ylalsog u

meñ‚h hq;= hs

33 foi;sh2019 ud¾;= 15

iEu jirlu fmnrjdß ui 04

jeks Èk f,dal ms<sld Èkh

f,i kï lr ;sfnkjd' fuf,i

Èkhla kï lsÍfuys wruqK jkafka

j<lajd .; yels ms<sld fya;=fjka

ñhhk ñ,shk .Kkla Ôú; iq/lSug

rdcH uÜgfuka fuka u fm!oa.,sl

uÜgfuka o l%shd;aul ù oekqj;a

lsÍfï jevigyka l%shd;aul

lsÍuhs'

f,dal ms<sld Èkfha f;audj

jkafka zuu l%shd;aul fjñ" wo

fukau fyg;a hkak hs' th kï

lr ;sfnkafka 2019 jif¾ isg 2021

jir olajd jk jir ;=k i|yd hs'

f,dal ms<sld Èkh ieuÍu i|yd

Okd;aul j yd ie,iqï iy.;

j jevigyka l%shd;aul lsÍfuka

ms<sldj u¾okh lsÍug l%shd l<

hq;= nj Y%s ,xld ffjoH ix.ufha

iNdm;sksh uydpd¾h wkq,d

úfÊiqkaor mjikjd'

ms<sld fya;=fjka fndfyda

fofkla ;u Ôú; ld,h ;=< iDcq

j fyda jl%dldr j ,la jkafka

mSvdjlg' ms<sld ksid isÿ úh yels

jHikh wju fldg wld,fha

ñh hdu j<lajd .ekSug yelshdj

,efnk ksid ms<sld j<lajd

.ekSug mshjr .ekSu jeo.;a'

wkd.; mrmqrg fi!LHdrlaIs;

Èú fmfj;la .; lsÍu i|yd

ms<sld wjodku wju lr .ekSug

wjYH ys;lr mdi,a mßirhla

ìys lsÍug;a" orejkayg ta i|yd

oekqu yd uÕ fmkaùu ,nd §ug;a

fi!LH wud;HdxYh lghq;= lsÍu

w.h l< hq;= lreKla' f,dj mqrd

uyck fi!LH .eg¨jla ù we;s

ms<sld frda.h bÈßfha§ ;jÿrg;a

by< hdul=hs olakg ,efnkafka'

2018 j¾Ifha f,dj mqrd ñ,shk

18'1la ms<sld frda.Ska w¨f;ka

y`ÿkdf.k ;sîu tu lreK ;yjqre

lrkjd' ñ,shk 9'6la ms<sld frda.h

fya;=fjka ñh f.dia we;s nj;a

2018 jif¾ ksl=;a jQ .af,dafndaleka

jd¾;dfõ i`oyka' bÈß wjqreÿ

20 ;=< w¨f;ka y`ÿkd .kakd

ms<sld frda.Ska ñ,shk 29'5la olajd

jeä úh yels nj;a ;jÿrg;a tu

jd¾;dj fmkajd § ;sfnkjd'

by; lreKq ie,ls,a,g

.ekSfï§ ms<sld frda. je<elaùu yd

l,ska y`ÿkd .ekSu ms<sn| m%cdj

oekqj;a lsÍfï m%dfhda.sl jevigyka

jeä jYfhka yd läkñka isÿ l<

hq;= njhs ms<sld u¾ok tallfha

wOHlaI ffjoH iqo;a iurùrf.a

woyi'

frðiagd¾ ckrd,a

fomd¾;fïka;=fõ o;a;j,g wkqj

miq.sh jir lsysmh uq¿,af,au Y%S

,xldfõ isÿjQ urKj,ska ms<sld

frda. fya;=fjka isÿjk urK

fojeks ia:dkhg m;aj ;sîu

wjOdkhg ,la l< hq;= lreKla'

,xldfõ oekg ms<sld j¾Okh

ùfï m%jK;djla oel .; yels

jqj;a fuh ,xldjg muKla iSud jQ

.eg¨jla fkdfjhs' ms<sld u¾okh

lsÍug wo jk úg úoHdj yd

;dlaIKfha ÈhqKqj;a iu`. úlsrK

ud¾.fhka m%;sldr ,nd §ug yels

ffjoH uOHia:dk ;sfnk w;r

äïn fldaI" .eíf., yd .¾NdI

uu ls%hd;aul fjñ

fi!Lhfi!LH

foi;sh 2019 ud¾;= 1534

.hdYsld l=uqÿud,s fikr;a

wdY%s; ffY,Hl¾u kqjr" lrdmsáh

yd fld<U frday,a lsysmhl isÿjk

nj ms<sld ms<sn`o úfYaI{ ffjoH

fvydka .=Kfialr mjikjd' Tyq

;jÿrg;a m%ldY lr isáfha uqL

ms<sldj" .,kd, ms<sldj" uydka;%

yd .=o ud¾. ms<sld" mshhqre ms<sld"

.eíf., ms<sld" mqriaÓ .%kaÓfha

ms<sld yd ;hsfrdhsâ .%kaÓfha ms<sld

f,i ms<sld j¾. lsysmhla y÷kd

f.k ;sfnk nj'

mshhqre ms<sld" .eíf., ms<sld

yd uqL ms<sld hk j¾. iS>%fhka

me;sfrk ms<sld j¾. f,ihs y`ÿkd

f.k ;sfnkafka' yDohdndO" Yajik

frda." wxYNd.h wd§ fnda fkdjk

frda. uÕska o ms<sld we;s lrkjd'

fmky¨ yd uqL l=yrfha fuka u

wfkl=;a bkaøshkaf.a o ms<sld we;s

lrk w;r ÿïmdkh lrkakl=

wi, isàfuka ÿï fkdfndk Tn

o wjodkug ,lajk nj Y%S ,xld

ffjoH ix.ufha iNdm;s uydpd¾h

wkq,d úfÊiqkaor m%ldY lrkjd'

wys;lr wdydr mqreÿ ms<sld

/ilg fya;=jk w;r u fidfiacia"

óÜfnda,aia jeks ilik ,o uia

Ndú;fhka je<lS isàu jeo.;a'

r;= uia j¾. wdydrhg .ekSu yd

fhdoh iys; lsß" ng¾ jeks ix;Dma;

fïoh wvx.= wdydr j¾. iSud lsÍu;a

wjYHhs' f;,a" iSks iy ¨Kq nyq,

wdydr Ndú;h iSud lsÍu;a ms<sld

Wjÿr uev meje;aùug l< hq;=

ld¾hhla'

úúO j¾Kj,ska yd rifhka hq;a

iajdNdúl t<j¿" m,;=re yd m,d

j¾. nyq, j wdydrhg .ekSu;a"

ys;lr fïoh nyq, j we;s neúka

kejqï ud¿ wdydrhg tla lr .ekSu;a

jeo.;a' uiaj, wvx.= fïoh yd iu

bj;a lr wdydrhg .ksñka" Wig

iß,k nrla mj;ajd .ekSug yels

jk mßÈ msIagh iys; wdydr kshñ;

m%udKfhka ,nd .ekSu jeo.;a nj

fi!LH m%j¾Ok ld¾hdxYfha wOHlaI

úfYaI{ ffjoH mnd m,syjvk

m%ldY l<d'

ms<sld frda.h fya;=fjka iEu

mqoa.,hl= u ÿmam;a" fmdfydi;a

fíohlska f;dr j l=uk whqrlska fyda

mSvdjg m;a úh yels lreKla' tfuka

u ms<sld frda.h fya;=fjka" mjq,a

uÜgfuka yd m%cd uÜgfuka we;s úh

yels wys;lr m%;sM, wju lsÍu i|yd

lghq;= lsÍfï yelshdj;a ish¨ fokd

u i;= jk nj o fkdryila'

^Y%S ,xld ffjoH ix.ï

Y%jKd.drfha meje;ajqKq udOH

iïuka;%Khla weiqßka&

mshhqre ms<sld" .eíf.,

ms<sld yd uqL ms<sld

iS>%fhka me;sfrk

ms<sld j¾. f,i hs

y`ÿkd f.k ;sfnkafka'

yDohdndO" Yajik

frda." wxYNd.h wd§

fnda fkdjk frda.

uÕska o ms<sld we;s

lrkjd' fmky¨ yd

uqL l=yrfha fuka u

wfkl=;a bkaøshkaf.a o

ms<sld we;s lrk w;r

ÿïmdkh lrkakl= wi,

isàfuka ÿï fkdfndk

Tn o wjodkug

,laúh yels hs'

35 foi;sh2019 ud¾;= 15

,dÿre hkq nelaàßhdjlska

fndajk ksoka.; frda.

hla' Yajik ud¾.fhka ksl=;ajk

wdidÈ; ì¢;s uÕskqhs frda.h

jHdma; jkafka' m%;sldr ,nd

.kakd frda.Skaf.ka wka whg

frda.h fnda jkafka keye' ksis

m%;sldr .ekSfuka frda.h iqjlsÍug

yelshdj ,efnkjd' miq.sh j¾I 10

;=< jd¾;d ù we;s frda.Ska ixLHdj

2000la'

Y%S ,xldfõ 2018 jir ;=<

mqoa.,hka 1683 fofkla w¨;ska

frda.Ska f,i y÷kdf.k ;sfnkjd'

tu frda.Ska f.ka 41la jd¾;d

jkafka niakdysr m<df;ka'

fï ms<sn| woyia olajk

úfYaI{ ffjoH iqmqka úfÊisxy"

z,dÿreZ frda.h b;d wE; ld,fha

isg u wm w;r mj;sk fndajk

frda.hla' l%s' mQ' j¾I 600§ ;rï

wE; ld,fha§ ,dÿre ms<sn| ,shejqKq

jd¾;d bkaÈhdfjka yd Ökfhka

,eî ;sfnkjd' mjqldrhkag yd

jerÈ lrk mqoa.,hkag iEfok

frda.hla f,i tl, th ie,lSu

ksid ,dÿre frda.Ska iudcfha

wjudkhg ,lajqKd' fï frda.Ska

flfrys ms<sl=<la we;s jQfha frda.S

;;a;ajh W.% ù" frda.Ska ;=< we;s jQ

úlD;s;d fya;=fjka' w;S;fha ,dÿre

frda.Skag iudcfhka wE;aù ¥m;aj,

msysg jQ wkd:d.drj, Ôj;a jkakg

isÿ jqKd' w;S;fha ,dÿre frda.h

fndajk wdldrh fkdoek isàu;a

frda.h iqjl< yels T!IOhla

fkd;sîu;a .eg¨jla' tfy;a

j¾;udk ms<s.ekSu jkafka ,dÿre

b;d myiqfjka iqj l< yels frda.

hla nj' wka whg fndaùu wvqfjka

isÿfjkjd'

,dÿre frda.h fndaùug fya;=jk

nelaàßhdj uq,ska u fidhd.;af;a

fkda¾úðhdkq cd;sl úoHd{hl=

jQ wdu¾ yeßika úiska j¾I 1701

§' ,dÿre frda.h i|yd id¾:l

m%;sldrhla uq,ska u fidhdf.k

we;af;a 1940 j¾Ifha§' 1981 j¾Ifha

f,dal fi!LH ixúOdkfha ks¾foaY

iys; j nyq T!IO m%;sldr l%uh

y÷kajd fokq ,enqjd'

fï ms<sn| j woyia olajk

ifï frda. ms<sn| úfYaI{

ffjoH fk¿ï úl%uisxy zfuys

frda.ldrl nelaàßhdj jkafka

uhsfldnelaàßhï f,fm%' fï

frda.h m%;sldr fkd.;fyd;a

fndaúh yels hs' nelaàßhdj YÍr.;

ùfuka miq îfc!IK iuh" o<

jYfhka ie,flkafka wjqreÿ 3;a

- 5;a w;r jYfhka" YÍrh ;=<

úIîch me;sÍu isÿjkafka b;d

fiñka' kQ;k nyq T!IO m%;sldrh

uÕska frda.h myiqfjka iqj l<

yels hs' uq,a wjia:dfõ§ u frda.h

y÷kdf.k kshñ; T!IO Ndú;

lsÍfuka úlD;s;dj,ska f;drj

frda.h iqj lr.kak;a mq¿jka'

wjuka fkdlrkq

foi;sh 2019 ud¾;= 1536

m%;sldr lsÍfuka wk;=rej frda.Skag

idudkH Ôjk rgdjg wkqj Ôj;a

fjkak mq¿jka'

,dÿre frda.h fnda jkafka"

m%;sldr fkd.kakd fndajk j¾.fha

,dÿre frda.shl=f.a leiai fyda

lsúiqï uÕska jd;hg tl;=jk l=vd

ì¢;s kSfrda.S mqoa.,hl=f.a Yajik

moaO;sh yryd YÍr.; ùfuka'

fï frda.h fndaùfï m%jK;dj

ms<sn| wjOdkh fhduq lsÍfï§

ck.ykfhka jeä fokl=g

,dÿre frda.hg tfrys j iajNdúl

m%;sYla;shla ;sfnkjd' fï ksid

m%;sldr ,nd fkd.kakd ,dÿre

frda.shl=f.ka kSfrda.S whl=g frda.h

fndaùug bvla keye'

,dÿre frda.h úksYaph lr.kakd

frda. ,laIK f,i" ifuys

ixfõokh yd ,m le<e,a fyda Bg

jeä m%udKhla ;sîu y÷kd.;

yels hs' fuys§ ,d meyehla" uo r;=

meyehla fyda ;U meyehla .ekSug

mq¿jka' tys uola Wia jQ yd me;,s

,laIK o ;sìh yels hs' tu ,m

le<e,a leiSula we;s fkdjk w;r

tys WKqiqu" iam¾Yh" fõokdj hk

ixfõokj,g ydksù ;sìh yels hs'

ifuys ´kEu ia:dkhl fï ,m we;s

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fjk;a ia:dkj, we;sjk uo r;=

meyefhka fyda È,sfik iq¿" >k

jQ ifuys ;äiaisùï isÿ fjkjd' fï

ia:dkj, ifï ixfõokhg ydks

we;s fkdùug bv we;;a w;a yd

mdoj, ysß .;shla È.g u mj;skak

mq¿jka'

z,dÿreZ frda.h mÍlaId lsÍfï§

iajdNdúl wdf,dalhla fyda meyeÈ,s

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iu mÍlaId l< hq;= nj ,dÿre u¾ok

jHdmdrfha wOHlaI úfYaI{ ffjoH

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ifuys ,m fyda le<e,a tlla fyda

lsysmhla f;dard.; hq;= w;r meyeÈ,s

f,i oekSula ,m u; fkdue;s kï

th ,dÿre frda.h njg ksYaph l<

yels jk nj ffjoH fÊ' w¨;aùr

i|yka lrkjd' óg fmr ,nd.;a

m%;sldr ms<sn|j úuiSula fuys§

wjYH hs' kùk nyq T!IO m%;sldr

l%uh iïmQ¾Kfhka ,nd.;a flkl=g

kej; m%;sldr wjYH jkafka

l,d;=rlska'

,dÿre frda.fha Wmøj wjia:djka

f,i we;sjk úlD;Ska weiaj,"

uqyqfKa fyda fomdj, we;aoehs mÍlaId

lsÍu;a jeo.;a' kQ;k T!IO uÕska

,dÿre frda.h ksÜgdjg u iqj l<

yels hs' rcfha frday,aj, msysá p¾u

frda. idhkj,ska T!IO fkdñf,a

,nd.ekSug yelshdj ;sfnkjd'

fuys§ ,ndfok T!IO úIîc

u¾okh fldg frda.h ;j;a wh

fndaùu iyuq,ska u kj;ajkjd'

ck iudch iuÕ ióm weiqrla

we;s wdhq¾fõo iy foaYSh

ffjoHjrhdf.a wo ojfia ld¾hh

jkafka ,dÿre frda.h ms<sn|j

ck;dj ;=< we;s ÿ¾u; ÿrefldg"

Y%S ,xldfjka ,dÿre ;=rka lsÍfï

i;aldrhg odhl;ajh ,nd§u hs'

ufkdacd iurkdhl

z,dÿreZ frda.h b;d wE; ld,fha isg u wm w;r mj;sk fndajk frda.hla' l%s'mQ' j¾I 600 §

;rï wE; ld,fha§ ,dÿre ms<sn| ,shejqKq jd¾;d bkaÈhdfjka yd Ökfhka ,eî ;sfnkjd' mjqldrhkag yd jerÈ

lrk mqoa.,hkag iEfok frda.hla f,i tl< th ie,lSu ksid ,dÿre frda.Ska iudcfha

wjudkhg ,lajqKd'

furg PdhdrEm l,dfõ

mqfrda.dñhl= miq.shÞ

wm w;ßka iuq.;a;d' n¾á

.=Kfialr kï jQ Tyq l,dfõ úúO

Ydkr /ila Tiafia olaI;d

m%lg l< lD;yia;fhla' jD;a;Sh

PdhdrEm Ys,amshl= f,i 30 jirlg

wêl ld,hla ksr;j isá Tyq l,d

f,djg msúisfhaa 70 oYlfha' tA"

Ñ;%mg ;srkdgl rplhl= f,iska'

iskudjg iqúfYaIS we,aulaa ;snq

n¾á g m%:ufhka u Ñ;%mghlg ;sr

kdglhla ,shkak wjia:dj WÞ

jqfKa rkað;a fmf¾rdf.a z/h;a

ojd,;aZ Ñ;%mgh i|yd hs' bka

,o mßph Tiafia Tyqg iq.;md,

fikr;a hdmdf.a zyka;dfka

l;djZ Ñ;%mgfha iu ;srkdgl

rplhl= jkakg wjia:dj ie,iqKd'

yka;dfka l;dj Ñ;%mgfha

;srkdglhg iïnkaO jQ wfkla

fofokd O¾ufiak m;srdc yd n¾á

chfialr' bkamiq Tyq wurkd;a

ch;s,lf.a zms%hx.dZ yd fcda

uhsl,af.a zoylska tfllaZ hk

Ñ;%mgj, iyh wOHlajrhl= f,i

lghq;= l<d' Tyq .=jkaúÿ,shg

iïnkaO jQfha iq.;md,o is,ajdf.a

werhqñka' .=jkaúÿ,sh i|yd kdgH

yd flál;d /ila Tyq w;ska

ks¾udKh jqKd' l,la rcfha

fiajfha ksr; jQ n¾á ±ä l,lsÍu

u; bka bj;a jqKd'

Tyq jD;a;Sh PdhdrEmlrKhg tla

jQfha 1984 § nkaÿ, moau l=udrf.a

iris mqj;amf;a uq,a ljrh i|yd

PdhdrEm .ksñka' tu PdhdrEmj,

;snQ l,d;aulNdjh u; mqj;amf;a

wf,úh o by< .shd' bka miq tu

mqj;am;a wdh;kfha wfkl=;a mqj;am;a

i|yd;a Tyqf.a Þhl;ajh ysñ jqKd'

iajdëk rEmjdyskS fiajh uÕska fï

olajd úldYh jk f,dj §¾>;u

fg,s kdgHhla f,i ie,flk zfldams

lfâZ fg,s kdgHfha m<uq l;dx.h

,sõfj;a n¾á'

upx n¾á iqn .uka

37 foi;sh2019 ud¾;= 15

foi;sh 2019 ud¾;= 1538

úch l=udr;=x. 1984 jif¾§ uyck mlaIh

ks¾udKh l<d' úchf.a ióm ñ;=rl= jQ n¾á tu

mlaIhg ne£ tys fixlv., m%Odk ixúOdhl jqKd'

úchf.a foaYmd,k .uka uf.a ióm i.hl= jQ n¾á"

úch iuÕ fndfyda .uka ìuka i|yd iïnkaO jqKd'

úchf.a jeäu PdhdrEm f.k we;af;a o n¾á' t,a'à'à'B'

ixúOdkh úiska w;awvx.=jg .kakd ,o yuqÞ fin`Mka

isõ fokl== ksoyia lr .ekSu i|yd t,a'à'à'B'h

iuÕ idlÉPd lsÍug úch iuÕ hdmkhg .sh isõ

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;reK .=rejßhla'

1987 § Y%S ,xldfõ Wmka weh tlS ld,

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w;aje,la jQfha Tjqka nj mjiñka'

isyskhlsfyd|u .=rejßh

hfidaodhs fi,ajl=urka