© fesa GmbH

Renewables in Germany

Power from the People

Dr. Josef Pesch

Managing Director

Managing Directorfesa GmbH, Freiburg

Vice-Chair Baden-WürttembergGermany Wind Energy Association

Agenda

Intro: Japanese Women are Football World Championsa lesson in determination

1. State of Renewables in Germany

2. Motivation: the roots of the movementWyhl => critical mass

Wyhl => critical massTschernobyl => women’s concernsWind Power => farmer’s self-reliance

3. Legislative Framework

4. Freiamt: 180% renewables of power consumption

5. Japan can do it

Share of Renewables in German Power Consumption: >20%

Government Target for 2010: 12,5% / Reality 17%Government Target for 2020: 20% / Reality: 20% nowOur Target for 2020: 50% - or more?

Turnover of German Renewable Energies Industry in 2009€ 37 Billion

Employment in Renewables in Germany: 367,000 (2010)

Motivation Part I

Wyhl: first nuclear power plant not built (25 km from Freiburg)

1975: beginning of the end for nuclear power

Opposition from activists – and farmers!

• BUND (German friends of the earth)

• Öko-Bank

• Öko-Institut

• Öko-Institut

• Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems (ISE)

• Eco-Architecture

• Green Party

=> We have more renewables than we need, but decentralised.

=> Renewables require a decentralised approach.

Motivation Part II: Reality hits: Tschernobyl 1986Radiation comes to Germany from 2,100 km.

Vegetables and Milk are contaminated.

Mushrooms and wild boar still contaminated 25 years later.

Mothers do not know what to feed their children.

Officials are completely disoriented.

One mother wants nuclear free electricity.

One mother wants nuclear free electricity.

The energy monopolist cannot guarantee this.

She is housewife and mother of four: Ursula Sladek.

She starts an energy saving campaign.

With other locals she initiates a successful campaign to buy the local electricity grid.

EWS Schönau now is one of four eco power suppliers in Germany. And growing fast!

2011: EWS supplies 115,000 customers with eco power.www.ews-schoenau.de

2011 Ursula Sladek receives „Goldman Environmental Prize“(„Green Nobel Prize“)

www.ews-schoenau.de

Motivation III: Wind Power: Farmers Self-Reliance

First turbines in the early 80ies with 30 kW.

Small group of activists with many farmers found German Wind Energy Association.

Orientation on Danish model (Feed-In Tariff).

No help from German Government (just “research” funding).

1990 first feed-in tariff (anti-monopoly law).

2010: Some German States have >40% wind power (and no black outs).

2010: Some German States have >40% wind power (and no black outs).

Quelle: BWE

First Feed-In Law in Germany (1990; complete version!)

Die Technik - 500 Mal mehr Energieertrag seit 1980

Technological Development of Wind Turbines

Quelle: BWE

State of the Art in Wind: Enercon E-126 7.5 MW

© juwi Holding AG

Installed Wind Energy Capacity 27,214 MW (2010)

Export of German Wind Industry 2009: 75% Export Quota

Citizens´ Participation Projects fesa (and partners)

Solar, Wind, Hydro, Wood, Efficiency, Energy Saving(Status end of 2010)

Installed Capacity: > 47 MW

Motivation IV: We can do this ourselves

fesa Association founded by citizens in 1994

Motto: “We know what to do, but we still have to do it – and if we join forces, we can move renewables.

Installed Capacity: > 47 MW

Production 2010: 62 GWh (2000: 2 GWh)

Prediction for 2011: > 62 GWh

Total Investment (1994-2010): > 65 €m

Equity raised (1994-2010): > 22 €m

fesa e.V. 1995roof of stadium SC Freiburg93.6 kWp à ca. 90,000 kWh/a158 shareholders

fesa GmbH 2006Freiburg Solar B 31365 kWp à >400,000 kWh/a80 shareholders

© fesa GmbH

„It is impossible to generate all the electricity we need locally from renewables. This is a completely utopian idea.“Head of regional county council in 2000

„We can do this ourselves.” Local Farmers & People of Freiamt

„We need utopias ... people who see beyond the moment, and think beyond the day.“Oscar Wilde

Freiamt (population 4.300) is one of these utopian places.

Total Electricity Consumption: 10,000,000 kWh

Local electricity production 2001: hardly any (small hydro)

Local electricity production 2011: 18,000,000 kWh

- small hydro- five wind turbines

- five wind turbines (2001: 3.6 MW 2002: 1.8 MW / 2005: 2 MW 2011: 2 MW)

- two biogas plants (2002 & 2006)

- lots of solar

Now Freiamt „exports“ appr. 8,000,000 kWh/a

Total production: 180% of consumption!

All communities must become like Freiamt!

© fesa GmbH

Freiamt: Mix of Renewables

Wind, Solar, Small Hydro, Biogas

180% of the locally consumed electricity(170% from wind energy)

all photos © fesa GmbH

© fesa GmbH

100% renewables!

What action must we take now to ensure that our children will have a secure and

affordable energy supply?

Japan‘s electricity production (2009): 1,115,100,000,000 kWh

Wind turbine Enercon E-126 7.5 MW@ cf 46% (4,000 hrs) 30,000,000 kWh

37,200 turbines will produce 1,116,000,000,000 kWh

100% Renewables for Japan: A utopian idea?

=> 100% renewables for Japan is no problem.

To move this, an innovative support system is required:

• Feed-In Tariff (or minimum price law)

• Priority and free access to grid for renewables

• Priority in Planning for Renewables

IPCC advises: Hurry up.

Stern tells us: If we invest now, costs will be lower.

We need a “fire brigade” approach to renewables!

Fire Engines are allowed to• go up a one-way street in thewrong direction!

• jump all red lights!• ignore any speed limit!

Renewables are the fire brigades in climate change and sustainability.

100% Renewables for Japan: Can Japan do it?

Japan has a strong engineering tradition.

Japan is known as the Empire of the Sun.

Can it become the Empire of Solar Energies?

If you have the determination of the Japanese Women Soccer Team …

you can become World Champion of Renewables!

For this the government must enable local people to produce renewable energies by legislation & good financial support structures.

If you enable people, you will be surprised by the dynamics!

Almost 30 percent of housing stocks are equipped with sun heat collectors.

Solar energy use in Iida City

© Iida City

© Iida City

with sun heat collectors.

Renewable Energies in Kyushu

© Iida City

Thank you.

If you have questions, do not hestitate to contact

fesa GmbHWippertstr. 279100 FreiburgGermany

=> pesch@fesa-gmbh.de