中国的食品保障 | China's Food Security
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Transcript of 中国的食品保障 | China's Food Security
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中国的食品保障 | China’s food security从饥荒到相对温饱From scarcity to relative abundance
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打饥荒年代 The Great Famine (1959-1961)
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计划经济时期 The Planned Economy
(1949-1979)
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“ 粮票”Food rationing coupons were issued in 1955 to buy foodstuffs, fuel, televisions, bicycles and other commodities. Without the coupons, you couldn’t purchase anything.
In the 1970s, a meat coupon could only buy you 250 grams of meat per month.
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改革开放时期China’s transition to an open economy
图片:成千上万的中国人在中国第一家麦当劳门口排队 (北京, 1992 年 4 月)
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保证中国人有充足的食物是共产党的最大的成功之一
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1990年————2010年
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中国政府现在每一天都面临着要喂饱十四亿人口的压力
The Chinese Government faces a daily challenge of feeding 1.4 billion mouths
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...生活水平提高了,他们将会消费更多的食物…
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这样的消费有没有的可持续性?Is this type of consumption sustainable?
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中国和美国肉类的消费1960 年- 2012 年
来源:美国农业部
百万吨
中国
美国
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1953 年
1973 年
1993 年
2013 年
那时,粮票消失了,然后麦当劳在大陆创立了
牛肉消费的发展
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每年平均肉类的消费
公斤
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中国
占世界人口的 20%
占世界耕地的 8%
挑战
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气候变化 更多的长期干旱
比如:通常雨量充足的长江中下游平原在 2011年发生了严重的旱灾。
这个商品粮生产基地在这一年农业受到重创,造成蔬菜价格上升了 40%。
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缺水 随着越来越多的人移居城市,城市用水越来越多的抢占农业用水,这对原来就已经很贫乏的水资源造成了更大压力,也对食品生产带来了更多的水资源问题。
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土地缺乏 |缺乏有效的视频监督 如果城市化政策不能合理进行,将会导致耕地面积的缩小和农民的不满,并将会减少食品的供应来源。
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食物安全这几年的三鹿奶粉和地沟油事件让大家提心吊胆,中国缺乏有效的食品监督管理,大家现在越来越多相信和依赖进口食品而拒绝国产食品。