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vf]hL l/qm'd]G6 ;le{;]h k|f=ln=;Dks{ sfof{no M ;8s ljefu u]6sf] 7Ls cufl8 3f]/ fxL–!!, bfª

kmf]g g+= M x]d/fh clwsf/L– (*$&*(**@*, eLd clwsf/L– (*%&*#!&@(E-mail : hemrajadhikari22@gmail.com

j}b]lzs /f]huf/sf] ;'j0f{ cj;/ †stf/sf] ax'rlr{t sDkgL Integral Food Services (IFS) af6 sfdbf/ x?sf]dfu eO{ cfPsf] n] hfg rfxg] OR5's JolQmn] ;SsnL /fxbfgL;lxt sfof{nodf t'?Gt ;Dks{ ug'{xf] nf .b] z sDkgL sfdbf/sf] kb ;+Vof tna ;do vfg÷a:g cGtjf{tf{ stf/ Integral Food Ser. (IFS) Catering Supervisor 2 Rs. 41,250 10 Hrs. 5÷5stf/ Integral Food Ser. (IFS) Storekeeper 2 Rs. 38,500 10 Hrs. 5÷5stf/ Integral Food Ser. (IFS) Counter Service crew 5 Rs. 24,750 10 Hrs. 5÷5stf/ Integral Food Ser. (IFS) Kitchen assistant 10 Rs. 22,000 10 Hrs. 5÷5stf/ Integral Food Ser. (IFS) General Catering Worker 60 Rs. 22,000 10 Hrs. 5÷5stf/ Integral Food Ser. (IFS) House keeping Boy 10 Rs. 22,000 10 Hrs. 5÷5stf/ Integral Food Ser. (IFS) Watchman (Ex-army) 2 Rs. 33,000 10 Hrs. 5÷5stf/ Integral Food Ser. (IFS) GCC Light Driver 10 Rs. 41,250 10 Hrs. 5÷5dn]lzof Venture Electronic (Americal Mgt) Production Operator 100 Rs. 42,000 8 Hrs. 5}g÷5b'aO{ G4S Security Security Guard 100 Rs. 54,000 12 Hrs. 5}g÷5;fpbL Nesma & Patner Co. Labour 300 Rs. 22,000 10 Hrs.+ 3 hrs 5÷5 lk|m le;f, l6s6

gf]6M ;fy} xfdL;“u GCC Light Driver, Heavy Driver nufot y'k|} l8dfG8x? pknAw 5g\ .

nfOkm nfOg cf] e/ l;h k|f=ln=;Dks{ sfof{no M ;8s ljefusf] 7Ls cufl8 3f] / fxL–!!, bfª

sfof{no kmf] g M )*@–%^#^#^;Lwf ;Dks{ M ljqmd s] =;L=– (*)#@@$@$!, (*)(%^%$*&

b]pv'/Lsf nflu M eLd v8\sf (*)#%)#&&) Email : dang.lifeline@gmail.com

d] l8sn, OG6/ Eo" h: tf] sfdsf] nflu sf7df8f} + hfg] gkg] { .

3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u sfof{no bfªsf] ;"rgf †o; sfof{nosf] cfly{s jif{ @)&!÷&@ sf] :jLs[t jflif{s

sfo{qmd tyf ah]6 cGtu{t lgoldttkm{ lgDgfg';f/sf tfl-nd ;~rfng ug'{kg]{ ePsf]n] OR5's g]kfnL gful/sn] cfk\mgf] g]kfnL gful/stf k|df0fkqsf] kmf]6f]skL ;+nUg /fvL of] ;"rgf gofF o'uaf]w /fli6«o b}lgs klqsfdf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] !% -kGw|_ lbg -@)&! ;fn d+l;/ !&_ leqdf tkl;n adf]lhdsf :yfgdf b/vf:t k]z ug'{x'g OR5's ;DalGwt ;a}sf] hfgsf/Lsf] nflu of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 .!= a]t–afF;af6 lgld{t ;fdu|L agfpg] tflnd

;+Vof M @) hgf, :yfg M r}nfxL uf=lj=;= ndxL, bfª@= vfB k|zf]wg;DaGwL tflnd

;+Vof M @) hgf, :yfg M /fdk'/ uf=lj=;=, bfª#= ufd]{G6 l;nfO;DaGwL tflnd

;+Vof M @) hgf, :yfg M 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u sfof{no, bfª$= a]s/L;DaGwL tflnd

;+Vof M @) hgf, :yfg M lahf}/L uf=lj=;=, bfª%= k|f/lDes s6fO{ l;nfO{ tflnd

;+Vof M @) hgf, :yfg M wgf}/L uf=lj=;=, bfª

xl/k|;fb kf08]ok|d'v pBf]u clws[t

egf{ v'Nof] † egf{ v'Nof †† egf{ v'Nof] †††o; P]/fjtL cfbz{ ax'd'vL SofDk; nfndl6ofdf BBS /

B.Ed. k|yd jif{df egf{ v'n]sf] ;xif{ hfgsf/L u/fpFb} ;dod} egf{ x'g ljBfyL{ju{nfO{ ;"lrt ul/G5 .;Dks{ g+= M (*$&*^@%^&

SofDk; k|d'v

P]/fjtL cfbz{ ax'd'vL SofDk;nfndl6of b]pv'/L, bfª

^ n]g aGg] eof] ;8s M 3f]/fxLdf d''Vo ;8snfO{ ^ n]g agfpg] sfd z''? ePsf] 5 . ;f] sfdcGtu{t d+unjf/ ;8s sfof{nosf] kvf{n eTsfP/ ;8s la:tf/ ul/Fb} . s6''jfvf]nfb]lv t''n;Lk'/ rf]s;Ddsf] s/La 8]9 lsnf]ld6/ ;8snfO{ ^ n]gsf] ?kdf la:tf/ ul/g]5 .

tl:j/ M gf/fo0f ljjz÷o'uaf]w

;"rgf † ;"rgf †† ;"rgf †††;fdflhs ;'/Iff sfo{ljlw @)^( sf] bkmf % / ^ adf]lhd o;

;tjl/of uf=lj=;=df :yfoL a;f]af; u/L a;]sf b]xfo adf]lhdsf nlIft ;d"xsf] kl/efiff leq kg]{ b]xfosf h]i7 gful/s, Psn dlxnf, ljwjf dlxnf, k"0f{ czQm ckf+u / cf+lzs czQm ckf+utf ePsf JolQm, ljkGg blnt kl/jf/sf % jif{ d'lgsf afnaflnsfx?sf] dfl;s j[lQ jf eQfsf] nflu kl/rokq k|fKt ug{ tyf eQf vfO{kfO{ cfPsf JolQmx?n]kl/rokq gjLs/0f ug{sf] nflu ldlt @)&! d+l;/ !% ut]leqdf uflj;sf] sfof{nodf cfO{ cg';"rL adf]lhdsf] b/vf:t k]z ug{ ;DalGwt ;a}sf] hfgsf/Lsf] nflu of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . nlIft ;d"xsf] kl/efiff != h]i7 gful/s

-s_ &) jif{ pd]/ k"/f ePsf -blnt afx]s_ ;a} g]kfnL gful/s-v_ ^) jif{ pd]/ k"/f ePsf blnt gful/s

@= ljwjf dlxnf -s_ ;a} pd]/sf ljwjf dlxnf #= Psn dlxnf -s_ ^) jif{ pd]/ k"/f ePsf cljjflxt dlxnf

-v_ ;DaGw ljR5]b u/L a;]sf ^) jif{ pd]/ k"/f ePsf dlxnf $= czQm ckf+utf ePsf JolQm

-s_ k"0f{ czQm ckf+utf ePsf -/ftf] sf8{ jf s ju{sf] sf8{ k|fKt_ JolQmsf] kl/efiffleq kg] { -v_ cf+lzs czQm ckf+utf ePsf JolQmsf] kl/efiffleq kg]{ JolQm -lgnf] sf8{ jf v ju{sf] sf8{ k|fKt_

%= nf]kf]Gd'v ;a} cflbjf;L÷hghflt^= ljkGg kl/jf/sf % jif{ d'lgsf blnt afnaflnsfx? -Ps kl/jf/sf]

@ hgf;Ddsf afnaflnsf dfGo x'g]5_ &= gjLs/0fsf nflu j[lQ jf eQf kfO/fv]sf h]i7 gful/s, Psn dlxnf,

ljwjf dlxnf, k"0f{ czQm / cf+lzs czQm ckf+utf ePsf JolQmx? .k]z ug'{kg] { cfjZos k|df0fx? != h]i7 gful/ssf] xsdf

-s_ b'O{k|lt kf;kf]6{ ;fOhsf] kmf]6f]-v_ gful/stf k|df0fkqsf] kmf]6f]skL / ;/;kmfO{ kl/rokqsf] kmf]6f]skL

@= Psn dlxnfsf] xsdf -s_ b'O{k|lt kf;kf]6{ ;fOhsf] kmf]6f]-v_ gful/stf k|df0fkqsf] kmf]6f]skL / ;/;kmfO{ kl/rokqsf] kmf]6f]skL-u_ cljjflxt ePsf] k|df0fkqsf] kmf]6f]skL -3_ ;DaGw ljR5]b u/]sf] eP ;f]sf] k|df0fkqsf] kmf]6f]skL

#= ljwjf dlxnfsf] xsdf -s_ b'O{k|lt kf;kf]6{ ;fOhsf] kmf]6f]-v_ gful/stf k|df0fkqsf] kmf]6f]skL / ;/;kmfO{ kl/rokqsf] kmf]6f]skL-u_ kltsf] d[To' btf{ k|df0fkqsf] kmf]6f]skL

$= czQm ckf+utf ePsf JolQmsf] xsdf -s_ b'O{k|lt kf;kf]6{ ;fOhsf] kmf]6f]-v_ aflns eP gful/stf k|df0fkqsf] kmf]6f]skL / ;/kmfO{ kl/rokqsf] kmf]6f]skL -u_ gfaflns eP hGd btf{ k|df0fkqsf] kmf]6f]skL -3_ ckf+utf kl/rokqsf] kmf]6f]skL

%= ljkGg blnt afnaflnsfsf] xsdf -s_ afnaflnsf / lghsf cfdf afa'sf] b'O{÷b'O{k|lt kf;kf]6{ ;fOhsf] kmf]6f]-v_ cfdf afa'sf] gful/stf k|df0fkqsf] kmf]6f]skL / ;/;kmfO{ kl/rokqsf] kmf]6f]skL

k'gZr M ut jif{ lgj]bg lbO{ eQf gkfPsf JolQmx?n] b/vf:t lbg' gkg]{ ;fy} /fHosf]ifaf6 ;'ljwf lnPsf JolQmsf] b/vf:t dfGo x'g] 5}g .

o''uaf]w ;dfrf/bftf

3f]/fxL, @ d+l;/ . ckfË dfgjclwsf/ Pj+ ;/f]sf/ d~r g]kfn 3f]/fxL bfªn] b]pv''/Lsf ljleGg uflj;df ;~rfng ePsf] k|fs[lts k|sf]kaf6 x''g]Iflt Go"gLs/0f ug{ pTyfgzLn ;d''bfosf]lgdf{0f tyf ;+:yfut ljsf; la:tf/kl/of]hgfcGtu{t eP u/]sf sfdx?sf]hfgsf/L lbPsf] 5 . d+unjf/ 3f]/fxLdf Ps sfo{qmd cfof]hgf u/L kl/of]hgfaf6 eP u/]sf sfdsf] hfgsf/L u/fOPsf]xf] .

sfo{qmddf kl/of]hgfaf6 eP u/]sf sfdsf] af/]df hfgsf/L lbb}d~rsf sfo{sf/L lgb{]zs lrGtfdl0f kf}8]nn] ljut !( dlxgfb]lv b]pv'/Lsf nfndl6of, ;f]gk''/, l;;xlgof, r}nfxL, ;tjl/of, a]nf / uf]jl8xf uflj;df sfo{qmd ;~rfng ePsf] / ;f] cjlwe/k|fs[lts lakb hf]lvdaf6 aRgsf nflu k"j{;ts{tfb]lv ljleGg ;fdu|Lx? ;d''bfodf x:tfGt/0fsf] sfd u/]sf]atfpg''eof] . kl/of]hgfcGtu{t tL uflj;sf ljleGg :yfgdf nfOkmHofs]6 ljt/0f, ;fO/gsf] Joj:yf, ljleGg :yfgdf s''nf]sf 8''“8 lgdf{0fnufotsf sfd ePsf], ;d'bfo / @) ljBfnodf ljleGg ;r]tgfsf sfo{qmd klg ePsf]kf}8]nn] hfgsf/L lbg''eof] . ljz]if u/L nfndl6of / ;f]gk''/ uflj;nfO{ kmf]s; u/]/ kl/of]hgfsf sfd ePsf] sfo{qmddf hfgsf/L lbOPsf] lyof] .

kl/of]hgfcGtu{t tL uflj;x?df *$ nfv *$ xhf/ % ;o $^ ?k}of“

nufgL ePsf] lgb{]zs kf}8]nn] hfgsf/L lbg''eof] . pxf“n] kl/of]hgfsf] cjlw ;lsg} nfu]sf] / !( dlxgf;Dd k|fs[lts k|sf]k Go"gLs/0f;DaGwdf w]/ } pknlJw ePsfn] oL pknlJwnfO{ hf]ufO /fVg / yk cufl8 a9fpg :yfgLo lgsfon] kxn lnOlbg cg''/f]w ug{''eof] .

d~rsf dxf;lrj jf;''b]j l/hfnsf]cWoIftfdf ePsf] sfo{qmddf k|d''v cltly lhNnf lzIff clwsf/L k|Nxfb cof{nn] lakb Joj:yfkgsf] d''Vo kf6f]hgr]tgf g} ePsf] pNn]v ub{} o;df ;a}n] Wofg lbg''kg{] atfpg''eof] . clxn]bfªnfO{ k"0f{;fIf/ agfpg] cleofg ;~rfng ePsfn] of] cleofg;“u} hf]8]/ljkt hf]lvd Go"gLs/0fsf sfo{qmd

n}hf“bf cem k|efjsf/L x''g] pxf“sf] wf/0ff lyof] .

sfo{qmddf lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt bfªsf ;"rgf clws[t s[i0fs''df/ s];L, dlxnf tyf afnaflnsf sfof{nosL k|d''v ljgf >]i7, 3f]/fxL gu/kflnsfsf ;"rgf clwsf/L k|]d s];L, lhNnf hg:jf:Yo sfof{nosf hgfb{g zdf{, jg dxf;+3sf e''k]Gb| ;''j]bL, dfgj sNof0f tyf jftfj/0f ;+/If0f s]Gb|sf /fdxl/ zdf{, dlxnf ;fd''bflos ;]jf s]Gb|sL sNkgf Gof}kfg], /]8qm;sf g/]zh+u /f0ff, kqsf/lgd'';+ud 3tL{, gj/fh >]i7nufotn]ljleGg ;''emfj lbg''ePsf] lyof] . ljj]s v8\sfsf] :jfut dGtJoaf6 z''? ePsf]sfo{qmdsf] ;~rfng kl/of]hgfsf ljQLo clws[t lzj 3tL{n] ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

q dx]z l/hfn

efn'jfª, @ d+l;/ . bfª b]pv'/L k|jf;L ;]jf ;dfh bf]xf stf/n] b]pv'/Lsf]las6 /fhk'/ uflj; dxtgL vf]nfl:yt hgHof]lt k|fylds ljBfnodf #) xhf/sf]cIfosf]if :yfkgf ul/lbPsf]5 .

pQm cIfosf]ifsf]/sd ljBfno Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf ;b:o lvdaxfb'//fgf / k|wfgfWofks nfnaxfb'/ jnLnfO{ pQm ;+:yfsf ;+:yfks Pj+ bfª b]pv'/L k|jf;L ;]jf ;dfh bf]xf stf/sf bfª ;+of]hs rGb|axfb'/ g]kfnLn] Ps ;df/f]xaLr ;f]djf/ ljBfno k|fª\u0fdf x:tfGt/0f ug'{eof] .

ljBfno Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf ;b:o lvdaxfb'//fgfsf] ;efkltTj, k|d'v cltly Pj+ pQm ;+:yfsf bfª b]pv'/L ;+of]hs rGb|axfb'/

g]kfnLsf] d'Vo cfltYotfdf ;DkGg x:tfGt/0f ;df/f]xnfO{ ljlzi6 cltly jof]j[4 ;dfh;]jL df3'/fd rf}w/L, /fli6«o hgdf]rf{ Pl/of g+= ! sf cWoIf dx]z l/hfn, e'mKkfvf8f dlxnf ;fjp;sf sf]iffWoIf ;Ldf /f]sf, jof]j[4 cf]sjL/ k'g, hulht a'9f, e'mKkfvf8f rdf/]s'nf] pkef]Qmf ;ldltsf ;lrj nIdL a'9f, h'dfgl;+x 3tL{, kf]jL 3tL{, dLgf k'g, s'df/L 3tL{nufotn] dGtJo /fVg'ePsf] lyof] .

ljBfnosf ;xfos lzIfs /]saxfb'/ a'9fn]:jfut dGtJo JoQm ug'{ePsf]lyof] eg] sfo{qmdsf] ;~rfng k|wfgfWofks nfnaxfb'/jnLn] ug'{ePsf] lyof] . pQm cIfosf]ifsf] /sdsf] Aofhaf6 k|fKt x'g] /sdaf6 x/]s jif{ jflif{s k/LIffdf pTs[i6 x'g]5fq5fqfx?nfO{ k'/:s[t ul/g]ePsf] 5 .

;dfhn] xfn;Dd

nfndl6ofsf] d;'l/ofl:yt gjHof]lt lgdflj, wgf{–( dGgfgLl:yt ljBfnodf k|ltljBfno ?= #) xhf/sf b/n] cIfosf]if :yfkgf ul/;s]sf] 5 eg] ;}3f–$ bDtLl:yt k|fljdf o;} jif{ Toltg} /sdsf] cIfosf]if :yfkgf ug] { sfo{qmd /x]sf]5 . pQm ;+:yfn] ;}3f lgjf;L sdnf yfkfnfO{ $& xhf/% ;o (* ?k}of“, wgf{–( sf /fdk|;fb lj6fn'nfO{ ?= !% xhf/ pxf“x?sf] la/fdL pkrf/ vr{ / ljkGg kl/jf/sf nflu ;xof]u u/]sf]5 . o;}u/L ;+:yfn] xfk'/lahf}/Ldf ! nfv %) xhf/sf]nfutdf ofq' k|tLIffno lgdf{0f u/L hgtfnfO{ x:tfGt/0f ul/;s]sf] / Ps jif{leq}df bªfnL hgtfsf]:jf:Yodf ;xof]u k'Ug] u/L Pp6f PDa'n]G;;d]t ;~rfng ug] { sfo{qmd /x]sf] ;+:yfsf ;+:yfks rGb|axfb'/ g]kfnLn]hfgsf/L lbg'eof] .

sd{rf/Lsf] cfjZostfo; :jf:Yo rf}sLdf rf}la; 306] k|;"lt ;]jf ;~rfngsf] nflu

c=g=dL= s/f/ kbdf lgo'Qm ug'{kg]{ ePsf] x'Fbf of]Uotf k'u]sf OR5's pDd]bjf/af6 b/vf:t cfx\jfg ul/G5 . kb M c=g=dL= -s/f/_ ;+Vof M !z}lIfs of]Uotf M dfGotf k|fKt z}lIfs ;+:yfaf6 c=g=dL= sf];{ pQL0f{ cg'ejLnfO{ ljz]if u|fx\otf lbOg]5 .tna ;'ljwf M ;~rfns ;ldltsf] lg0f{ocg';f/kmd{ eg]{ clGtd ldlt M @)&!.)*.)( ut];Dd

:jf:Yo rf}sL k|d'v

8'?jf :jf:Yo rf}sL, bfª;Dks{ kmf]g M (&$*)$^!*&

3f]/fxL, @ d+l;/ -o';_– s'/Llt cGTosf nflu d+unjf/3f]/fxLdf ;DkGg e]nfn] /rgf ;'j]bLsf] cWoIftfdf ;ft ;b:o /x]sf] lhNnf:t/Lo s'/Llt cGTo ;dfh u7g u/]sf] 5 .

h;sf] pkfWoIfdf d]gsf cf]nL, ;lrj uf]ljGb v8\sf, sf]iffWoIf ;'zLnf cfrfo{ / ;x;lrj lgdsfGt 8f“uL /xg'ePsf] 5 . ;b:ox?df ;'ifdf kl/of/ /of]uf /f]sf x'g'x'G5 . o;}u/L tLg ;b:oLo ;Nnfxsf/;ldlt u7g ul/Psf] 5 . h;df g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3sf pkfWoIf nIdL cfrfo{, dlxnf lx+;f la?4sf] cfsl:ds sfo{;d"xsf ;+of]hs ljdnf of]uL / /fwf kf}8]n x'g'x'G5 .

;dfhsf s]Gb|Lo cWoIf ljdnf k/fh'nLsf] cWoIftfdf ePsf] e]nfdf ;f]r g]kfnsf sfo{sf/L lgb] {zs ;dfhsf sf]iffWoIf pQd lg/f}nf, ;dfhs} slkn kf]v|]nnufotn]dGtJo /fVg'ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmdsf] ;xhLs/0f g]kfn kqsf/dxf;+3sf pkfWoIf nIdL cfrfo{n] ug'{ePsf]lyof] .

lakb Joj:yfkgdf *$ nfv nufgL

k|jf;L ;dfhåf/f cIfosf]if :yfkgf s'/Llt cGTo ;dfh u7g

o'uaf]w ;dfrf/bftf

3f]/fxL, @ d+l;/ . cfOPgPkm bfªn] ^@ cf} + :yfkgf lbj;sf] cj;/df ;f]djf/ t]/f} +6]l:yt a[4f>ddf sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf u/L Ho]i7 gful/s ;/f]sf/ s]Gb|nfO{ kfgL ttfpg pks/0f ;lxtsf cGo lhG;L ;fdu|L x:tfGt/0f u/]sf] 5 .

cfOPgPkm 3f]/fxLsf ;~rfns ;ldlt ;b:o g/]Gb| a/fnn] Ho]i7 gful/s ;/f]sf/ s]Gb|sf cWoIf gf/fo0fk|;fb zdf{nfO{ kfgL ttfpg] lx6/, yd{; / Ps bh{g l8g/ Kn]6 x:tfGt/0f ug'{ePsf] lyof] . ;fdu|L u|x0f ub} { ;+:yfsf cWoIf gf/fo0fk|;fb zdf{n] cf>dsf a[4a[4fx?sf] pkof]usf nflu cfjZos ;fdu|L k|bfg u/]sf]df wGojfb 1fkg ug'{eof] .

cfOPgPkm bfªsf

sfo{qmd k|aGws dfgaxfb'/l;hfnLn] hf8f]df a[4a[4fx?nfO{ tftf] kfgL lkpg ;lhnf] xf];\ eg]/kfgL ttfpg] pks/0f nufotsf ;fdu|L k|bfg u/]sf] pNn]v ub]{} :yfkgf lbj;sf cj;/df yf]/ } eP klg ;xof]u u/]sf] atfpg'eof] . g/]Gb| a/fnn] cfO{PgPkmsf sfo{qmd

/ ultljlwaf/] hfgsf/L u/fpg'ePsf] lyof] .

o;}u/L :yfkgf lbj;s} cj;/df cfOPkmPkm bfªn] /fKtL pkIf]qLo c:ktfnnfO{ @% yfg a]8 l;6 -tGgf_ x:tfGt/0f ug'{sf ;fy}pkrf/sf nflu egf{ ePsf lj/fdLx?nfO{ kmnkm"n ljt/0f u/]sf] 5 .

cfOPgPkmåf/f a[4f>dnfO{ ;xof]u3f]/fxL, @

d+l;/ -o';_– u9L6fs'/fb]jL dlxnf ljsf; art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf] !@ cf} + ;fwf/0f;ef ;DkGg ePsf] 5 .

;+:yfsf cWoIf ?lSd0ff Gof}kfg]sf] cWoIftfdf ePsf] ;efdf k|d'v cltly dlxnf tyf afnaflnsf sfof{nosL k|ltlglw kfj{tL /fgf, pdflj ljhf} /Lsf k|c dfwj Gof}kfg], /]8qm;sL lkmN8 clws[t OZj/f ;'j]bL, hgd'lQm kf6L{sf b]aaxfb'/ yfkf, /fk|kfsf k|]daxfb'/Gof}kfg] / /fhdf]sf hfu]Zj/ Gof}kfg]n] af]Ng'ePsf] lyof] .

;efdf ;lrj dLgf j:g]tn] ;+:yfut tyf sf]iffWoIf uLtf Gof}kfg]n] cfly{s k|ltj]bg k|:t't ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

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g]kfn /fli6«o :jf:YosdL{ ;+u7gsf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o tf/fk|;fb l/hfn xfn} ;DkGg g]kfn /fli6«o :jf:YosdL{ ;+u7gsf] oxL sflt{s cfOtjf/ ;DkGg clwj]zgaf6 lhNnf cWoIfdf rog x'g'ePsf]df xflb{s awfO{ 1fkg ub}{ sfo{sfnsf] k"0f{ ;kmntfsf] sfdgf ub{5f}+ .

xflb{s awfO{

wgaxfb'/ a'9fyf]sL-lhNnf ;ldlt ;b:o_

g]kfn /fli6«o sd{rf/L dxf;+3

6Lsf/fd k'g-lhNnf sfo{;ldlt ;b:o_

g]kfn /fli6«o :jf:YosdL{ ;+u7g

8f= s'df/ kf]v|]n -5fnf, of}g tyf s'i7/f]u ljz]if1_8f= ljqmd a'9fyf]sL -gfs, sfg, 3fF6L /f]u ljz]if1_

bfªsf] lrgf/L xl:k6ndfsf7df8f}+ l6lrª xl:k6ndf sfd u/L xfn g]kfnu~h

d]l8sn sn]h g]kfnu~hdf sfo{/t jl/i7 5fnf -rd{_, of}g tyf s'i7/f]u ljz]if1 8f= s'df/ kf]v|]n -MBBS, MD_ / sf7df8f}+ l6lrª xl:k6ndf sfd u/L xfn sf]xnk'/ d]l8sn sn]h sf]xnk'/df sfo{/t jl/i7 gfs, sfg, 3f“6L /f]u ljz]if1 8f= ljqmd a'9fyf]sL -MBBS, MS_ åf/f bfª 3f]/fxL, 6«flkms /f]8 ;8s ljefu cf]/fnf]l:yt lrgf/L xl:k6ndf lj/fdLx?sf] r]shf“r ul/g] ePsf] x'“bf ;dod} cfkm\gf] gfd btf{ u/fO{ ljz]if1 ;]jfsf] nfe lng'xf];\ / cfkm\gf] /f]usf] k"0f{ lgbfg ug'{xf];\ . ;fy} o; lrgf/L xl:k6ndf jl/i7 ljz]if1 tyf cg'ejL lrlsT;sx?åf/f b}lgs ?kdf lj/fdLx?sf] r]shf“r tyf ck|]zg ;d]t eO/x]sf] hfgsf/L u/fOG5 .

;Dks{ Mlrgf/L xl:k6n k|f=ln=

6«flkms /f]8 ;8s ljefu cf]/fnf] 3f]/fxL, bfªkmf]g M )*@–%^!&$*

lj/fdL hf“r x'g] ldlt MoxL d+l;/ ^ ut] zlgjf/

kmf]gaf6 klg gfd btf{ ug{ ;lsg]5

w b'/jLg ljljwåf/f gfs, sfg, 3f“6Lsf] r]shf“r tyf O08f]:sf]kL ;]jf . w nfdf] ;dob]lv sfg kfls/xg], lrnfpg], lkk aUg], g;'Gg] tyf sd ;'Gg]

lj/fdLx?sf] sDKo"6/af6 >j0fzlQm r]shf“r, pkrf/ tyf ck|]zg .

8f= ljqmd a'9fyf]sLåf/f lbOg] ;]jfx?M

w cg'xf/df ePsf 8l08kmf]/, bfu, sf]7L, rfof“, sfnf]kf]tf], b'aL, ;]tf] b'aL, bfb, 3fp, vl6/f, df;' knfPsf], d';f, gª;DaGwL ;d:of ePsf, skfn emfg]{, rfof“ kg]{, PnhL{nufot cGo 5fnfhGo /f]ux?sf] ;kmn pkrf/ .

w zL3| ktg, of}g ;Gt'li6df sdL, lnu pQ]hgf gx'g], ;]tf] kfgL aUg], of}gL lrnfpg], l;kmln;, ugf]l/of tyf cGo of}ghGo /f]ux? / xdf]{gn ;d:ofsf] ;kmn pkrf/ .

8f= s'df/ kf]v|]nåf/f lbOg] ;]jfx?M

gf]6 M k|To]s lbg jl/i7 lkmlhl;ogåf/f ljxfg !) ah]b]lv lbp“;f] ! ah];Dd cf]lk8L ;]jfdf r]shf“r eO/x]sf] ;xif{ hfgsf/L u/fOG5 .

q jL/axfb'/ dNn

?s'd, @ d+l;/ . ?s'd pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3sf] cWoIf kbdf 6]saxfb'/ k'g …6]lgdÚ lgjf{lrt x'g'ePsf] 5 . ;b/d'sfd vn+ufdf ;DkGg !! cf}+ clwj]zgaf6 k|lt:kwL{ k/d]Zj/ e08f/LnfO{ #% dtn]k/flht ub}{ k'g cWoIfdf lgjf{lrt x'g'ePsf] xf] . :jtGq Kofgnsf cWoIf k'gn] # ;o #$ dt k|fKt ug'{ePsf]5 eg] ;+o'Qm Kofgnaf6 cWoIfdf pDd]bjf/L lbg'ePsf e08f/Ln] @ ;o (( dt k|fKt ug'{ePsf] 5 . d+unjf/ laxfg ;DkGg dtu0fgfsf] dtkl/0fdfcg';f/cWoIfb]lv sf]iffWoIf ;Ddsf] kbdf :jtGq Kofgn lahoL ePsf] 5 . k|yd pkfWoIfdf ljhoL x'g'ePsL afns'df/L lu/Ln] ;a}eGbf a9L # ;o %! dt k|fKt ug'{ePsf] 5 . pxf“sf k|lt:kwL{ k|jL/8f“uLn] @ ;o %@ dt kfpg'ePsf] 5 . To:t} låtLo pkfWoIfdf ljhoL df]xgl;+x af]xf]/fn] # ;o !^ dt kfpg'ePsf] 5

eg] k|lt:kwL{ lvdaxfb'/ cf]nLn] @ ;o &% dt k|fKt ug'{ePsf] 5 .

dxf;lrjdf gj/fh lu/Ln] # ;o $* dt / pxf“sf k|lt:kwL{ wgjL/cf]nLn] @ ;o ^$ dt kfpg'ePsf] 5 . o;}u/L sf]iffWoIfdf # ;o @! dt k|fKt u/L /fhgs'df/ k'g ljhoL aGg'ePsf]5 . pxf“sf k|lt:kwL{ /fdnfn af]xf]/fn] @ ;o && dt kfpg'ePsf] 5 . ;lrjdf rGb|axfb'/ 3tL{n] @ ;o ($ dt kfpg'ePsf] 5 eg] l8NnLaxfb'/ cf]nLn]@ ;o &) dt kfpg'ePsf] 5 .

;b:ox?df eg] :jtGq Kofgnsf $ hgf / ;+o'Qm Kofgnsf * hgf ljhoL ag]sf 5g\ . :jtGq Kofgnaf6 ;b:odf ljhoL hgfb{g 3tL{n] @ ;o *$, ljho rGbn] # ;o @, bz/y s];Ln] @ ;o ^* / 6f]kaxfb'/ v8\sfn] @ ;o *% dt k|fKt ug'{ePsf] 5 .

;+o'Qm Kofgnaf6 ljhoL ;/f]h b]jsf]6fn] # ;o #, s0f{axfb'/ cf]nLn]# ;o $, gjLg v8\sfn] # ;o #^, lbnLk yfkfn] # ;o @%, wgaxfb'/v8\sf …a;GtÚn] @ ;o &@, ;'zLn uf}tdn] @ ;o (@, k|]daxfb'/ cf]nLn] # ;o @@ / l8naxfb'/ s];Ln] @ ;o &! dt k|fKt ug'{ePsf] 5 .

vn+ufsf] jfndlGb/ k|fË0fdf ;f]djf/ lbp“;f] ;f9] ! af6 a]n'sL % ah];Dd ePsf] dtbfg k|lqmofdf ^ ;o ^$ hgf dtbftfn] dtbfg u/]sf lyP . lhNnfe/df & ;o *^ dtbftf ;+Vof /x] klg ! ;o @@ hgf dtbftf eg]cg'kl:yt lyP .

?s'd pjf;+3df ldl>t kl/0fffd

k|zf;gn] 3"; lnPsf] eGb} clVtof/df d'2f clVtof/sf gfoa ;'Aaf

kdnfn cfrfo{ g]t[Tjsf]6f]nLn] sfof{nosf] cGo kIfsf af/]df ;d]t cg';Gwfg z'? u/]sf] 5 . ;f]djf/b]lv sfof{nosf] cfGtl/s sfo{;Dkfbgsf af/]df klg cg';Gwfg z'? u/]sf] xf] .

clVtof/sf] If]qLo

sfof{non] sflt{s @& ut]k|zf;gla?4 k/]sf] ph'/Ldfly k|zf;gnfO{ kqdfkm{t hfgsf/L u/fPkl5 jf:tljs cj:yfaf/] 5nkmn ul/Psf]/ ;/f]sf/jfnfn] ;f] s'/fsf]v08g u/]sf] k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L /fdaxfb'/ s'?Dafªn]atfpg'eof] . – /f;;

jiff{tdf eTs]sf ;8s cem} ag]gg\lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt

bfªn] :yfgLo gful/sx?sf];zlQms/0fdf lhDd]jf/Lk"j{s sfd ug{ ;fdflhs kl/rfnsx?nfO{ lgb]{zg lbPsf]5 . lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltdf d+unjf/ ePsf] lgoldt a}7sdf lgldQ :yfgLo ljsf; clwsf/L d]3/fh zdf{n] jt{dfg ;dodf :yfgLo lgsfosf sfdsf/jfxLnfO{ k|efjsf/L agfpg ;fdflhs kl/rfnsn]7"nf] ;xof]u ul//x]sf] eGb}

;d'bfo ;r]tgfdf klg lhDd]jf/x'g cfu|x u/]sf] xf] . zdf{n]/fHon] ;fdflhs kl/rfnssf]sf“wdf 7"nf] lhDd]jf/L ;'lDkPsf]eGb} ;dfhnfO{ cu|ultsf] af6f]b]vfpg] e"ldsf lgjf{x ug{ cg'/f]w ug'{eof] .

pxf“n] ;fdflhs kl/rfnsn] /fd|f];“u sfd gu/]df b]znfO{ 7"nf] c;/ k'Ug]ePsfn] u/]sf] sfdsf] l/kf]l6{ª ;dodf ug{ ;d]t lgb]{zg lbg'eof] .

ljrf/$ a'wjf/, # d+l;/ @)&!

/fli6«o s/ lbj;sf] cj;/df b]ze/ /fli6«o s/ ;Ktfx dgfpgz'? ul/Psf] 5 . ;a} lhNnfdf :yfgLo pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3x?sf];dGjodf ;/sf/n] s/ ;Ktfx dgfpg yfn]sf] 5 . lghL If]qsf]k|ltlglwd"ns ;+:yf pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3x?;Fusf] ;xsfo{df s/ ;KtfxdgfpFbf ljz]iftM Jofkf/Lnufot cfd gful/snfO{ s/ ltg{ k|]l/t x'g];/sf/sf] ck]Iff x'g ;S5 . /fHo ;~rfngsf] k|d'v ;|f]t eg]s} s/;+sng ePsfn] ;/sf/n] s/ p7fpg ljleGg k|oTg ug'{ :jfefljsklg 5 . cfw'lgs /fHodf dfq xf]Og k/fk"j{sfnb]lv g} /fHo ;~rfngsfnflu ljleGg :j?kdf gful/saf6 s/ p7fpg] k|rng /x]sf] kfOG5 .;dosf] ljsf;qmd;Fu} s/sf] If]q / bfo/f al9/x]sf] 5 . clxn]sf]cj:yfdf s/ k|0ffnLnfO{ Jojl:yt ug'{ ;a}eGbf 7"nf] r'gf}tL ePsf]5 . /fHon] sfg"g tyf gLlt agfP/ ;a}nfO{ s/sf] bfo/fdf lnPsf] 5 .x/]s s'/fsf] Joj:yfkgsf] nflu lglZrt gLlt lgod rflxG5 . t/ gLltlgod eP/ dfq ;a} s'/f k"/f x'Fbf]/x]g5 . s/ ;+sngdf klg oxL s'/fnfu' eO/x]sf] 5 . gLlt t 5 t/ gLlt sfof{Gjogdf gful/snfO{lhDd]jf/ agfpg cem} w]/} sfd ug{ afFsL 5 .

g]kfnsf] clxn]sf] k|d'v r'gf}tL eg]sf] s/sf] bfo/f a9\g g;Sg'/ bfo/leqsf] s/ klg ck]Iffs[t p7\g g;Sg' xf] . s/ 5lnsf ljifodfjif]{gL 5nkmn tyf ax; eO/x]sf 5g\ . s/ ltg'{ gful/ssf] bfloTjeP klg cflv/ pgLx? lsg s/ ltg{ cfgsfgL u5{g\ t eg]/ /fHon];f]Rg h?/L 5 . s/ ltg'{ st{Jo / lhDd]jf/L xf] . To;sf ;fy} s/ltg]{x?sf] plrt ;Ddfg tyf k|f]T;fxg ug'{ /fHosf] klg bfloTj x'G5 .;a}eGbf 7"nf] s'/f t cfkm"n] lt/]sf] s/ sxfF k|of]u x'G5, ToxfF ;b'kof]uePsf] 5 ls 5}g eg]/ cfd s/bftfn] hfGg rfxG5g\ . gful/sn]lt/]sf] s/ sd{rf/LtGq / /fhgLlts txdf a9L vr{ x'g] u/]sf] 5 .g]kfndf ;a}eGbf w]/} e|i6frf/ x'g] lgsfo klg log} x'g\ . cfkm"n] lt/]sf]s/ st} ltg} e|i6frf/Lsf] xftdf t k'Ug] xf]Og eGg] cfz+sf ug'{ cGoyfxf]Og . To;}n] x/]s dtbftfnfO{ cfkm"n] lt/]sf] s/sf] ;b'kof]u ePsf]5, To;af6 d}n] /fHoaf6 klg ;]jf ;'ljwf kfpg;S5' eGg] efjsf]ljsf; u/]/ dfq} s/ ;+sngdf k|]l/t ug{ ;lsG5 .

To;afx]s lgotn] g} 5/ 5Ng] klg k|d'v ;d:ofsf] ?kdf b]lvPsf]5, o;nfO{ lgoGq0f ug{ eg] /fHon] s8f sbd rfNg}k5{ . 7"nf3/fgfx? s/ 5Ng] wGbfdf nfUg] u/]sf] g]kfnsf nflu gofF xf]Og .h;n] ubf{ pgLx?sf] caf}{ ;DklQ cj}w?kdf ljleGg b]zdf a}+sdfhfg] u/]sf] klg oyfy{ xf] . ljsl;t d'n'sx? To;df klg klZrdfd'n'sx?df ;a}eGbf a9L s/ ltg]{ JolQmx? /fi6«sf ;dfh;]jLsxlnG5g\ . pgLx?nfO{ /fHon] ljz]if ;'ljwf pknAw u/fpg'sf ;fy}pgsf ;Gtfgsf] :jf:Yo tyf lzIffsf] Uof/]06L lnPsf] x'G5 . ;do;dodf a9L s/ ltg]{x?nfO{ ;Ddfg tyf k|f]T;fxg lbOG5 . a9L s/ltg]{x?nfO{ cGt/f{li6«o le;f l56f]5l/tf] lbOG5 t/ g]kfndf To;/L s/ltg{sf nflu k|f]T;fxg u/]sf] kfOFb}g . g]kfndf clxn] klg w]/} If]q s/sf]bfo/fleq kg{ ;ls/x]sf 5}gg\ . tL If]qnfO{ s/sf] bfo/fdf Nofpg;s]sf] v08df s/ ;+sngsf] k|lqmof cem a9\g ;S5 .

;fgf Joj;foLx? s/sf] bfo/fdf cfpg g;Sg' / 7"nf 3/fgfsfJoj;foLx? s/ 5Ng]tkm{ k|]l/t x'g'n] ;d:of l;h{gf u/]sf] 5 . s/5Ng] JolQmx?nfO{ /fHon] sfg'gL s73/fdf Nofpg cfjZos 5 . s/5Ng] Joj;foLx?nfO{ /fHon] cGt/f{li6«o ;fdfg cf];f/df k|ltaGwnufpg'sf ;fy} le;f k|lqmofdf ;d]t s8fO ug'{k5{ . s/ 5ln Pp6fck/fw xf] eGg] dfGotf :yflkt gu/L s/ ;+sng a9\g ;Sb}g .ef/t;Fusf] v'nf l;dfgfsf sf/0fn] klg s/ 5Ng] ;d:of al9/x]sf]5 . ;Ldf If]qsf ahf/x?df jif]{gL Jofkf/ sd x'Fb} uPsf] Joj;foLx?atfpF5g\ . cfkm\g} lghL uf8L ePsf pkef]Qmfb]lv ;fj{hlgs uf8Lk|of]u ug]{ pkef]Qmf;Dd rf8kj{sf] a]nfdf ef/tLo ;Ldf ahf/df uP/lsgd]n ug]{ ub{5g\ . o;af6 pkef]Qmfn] ;:tf]df ;fdfg kfpF5g\, of]/fd|f] s'/f xf] t/ b]zsf] s/ ;+sngdf o;n] lu/fj6 NofO/x]sf] 5 .g]kfnleq} lgoldt ahf/ cg'udg u/]/ j:t'sf] ;xL u'0f:t/ / d"Nolgwf{/0f ug]{ k|lqmof cufl8 a9fpg] xf] eg] g]kfnd} klg ;:tf] / u'0f:t/Lo;fdfg k|fKt x'g ;S5 . To;n] ubf{ ef/tLo ahf/df s/f]8f}+sf] sf/f]jf/x'g] / g]kfnL ahf/ ;'g;fg x'g] l:ylt sd x'g;S5 . o;n] cGttM/fh:j ;+sngdf ;sf/fTds k|efj kfg]{ 5 .

s/ ltg{ k|f]T;fxgsf] vfFrf]

;'Tbf blIf0f l;/fg ugf{n] wg / cfo'df a[l4x'G5 / k"j{df ugf{n] 1fg / :jf:Yo l:yltdf;sf/fTds?kdf a[l4 x'G5 .

nnjj ccllwwssff//LL --zz++ss//__lljj::tt[[tt hhffggssff//LLssff]] nnfflluu ddff]]aaffOOnnddff

LA 66ffOOkk uu//LL @@$$@@^̂ ddff PP;;PPddPP;; uu//ff }+ .

…of]/ lsª Oh c u|]6 nfo/ .Ú-ltd|f] /fhf Psbd} em'6f 5g\ ._Pslbg a]nfotL /fhb"t

An'dlkmN8n] d;‘u eg] .cfkm\gf] /fi6«fWoIf /

k/dflwkltnfO{ Pp6f /fhb"tn] To;f]eg]sf] dnfO{ ;x\o ePg . tTsfnk|ltjfb ul/xfn]+– …xfp s'8 o' Pe/ ;]b\of6 6' dfO{ lsª .Ú

-ltdL d]/f] /fhfnfO{ s;/L o:tf]eGg ;S5f} <_

…lx Oh g6 lkm6 6' aL of]/ lsª-pm ltd|f] /fhf x'g nfos 5}gÚ– pgLcem s8f ?kdf k|:t't eP .

d}n] pgL;‘u nfdf] jfbljjfb u/]+ t/ljZj:t kfg{ ;lsg‘ .Ú ?SdfËb s6jfn,cfTdsyf÷?SdfËb s6jfn M k[i7#@^÷g]kf–no klAns];g, sf7df8f}+ .

zfxL ;/sf/s} kfnfdf/fhb/af/sf] kf]iok'q Pj+ zfxL ;]gfsf]Toltdflysf] clws[tnfO{ t ljb]zL/fhb"tn] ;a} s"6gLlts dof{bf tf]8]/7f8} To;f] eGg;Sbf /x]5g\ eg] pgLcfkm}n] nufgL u/]/ kfn]sfbnfndfkm{t\ c? s]–s] ug{ nufPxf]nfg\ Tolta]nf / s] ub}{ xf]nfg\olta]nf . ;xh} cg'dfg ug{ ;lsG5 .

g]kfndf cfkm\gf] cg's"nsf] zf;gJoj:yf, ;+ljwfg, sfo{kflnsf,Gofokflnsf, Joj:yflksf, cGo;+j}wflgs lgsfo, /fhgLlt, cy{gLlt,;+:s[lt rfxG5g\ ljb]zL zlQms]Gb|x? .To;sf nflu pgLx?n] cfkm";Sbf] rnv]nu5{g\, ul//x]s} 5g\ . ;'wL/ zdf{n] tef/tn] …dfOqmf] d]g]Hd]G6Ú ug{ yfn]sf]/x:of]b\3f6g ;–k|df0f ul/;s]sf 5g\ .st}af6 v08g ePsf] 5}g cem} . Tof]qmd hf/L 5 lg/Gt/ . o;df clxn]pQ/L l5d]sL /fi6« rLg klg ylkPsf]5 . s;n] rfx]h:tf] x'g] xf] g]kfndfslxn];Dd / s;sf] kfnf] cfpg] xf] km]l/slt dlxgf jf jif{sf nflu s]xL eGg;lsGg g]kfnsf] /fhgLltdf . o:tf];+qmd0fsfndf 5f}+ xfdL .

–––––––––––…crfgs Pp6L dlxnf lrRofPsf]

cfjfh cfof] . ;a} x]g{ yfn] . gGb'/f0ff pQfgf] eP/ e'O‘df n8]sf lyP .d'vaf6 /ut aUb} lyof] . pgsL>LdtL lrRofp‘b} lyOg\– …;da8L x]Nk,lx Oh lAnl8ª .Ú /fhb"tsf] xl/of]rf}/df k5fl/Psf] >Ldfg\sf] d'vaf6alu/x]sf] /ut cfkm\gf] ?dfnn] k'5\g]k|oTg ub}{ lyOg\ .

A'f‰bf yfxf ef], s'lGg s] s'/fdfl/; p7]/ g]kfnd} a:g] 6fOu/ 6K;sf]la|l6z dflnssf] 5f]/fn] gGb' /f0ffnfO{d'Ssf 7f]lslbP5 . cl3;Dd ;'6df

cfkm\g} 3/df x]lkg] / r]lkg] xfdL

;lhP/ …o' gf] o' gf]Ú eGb} ;f/f ;+;f/sf;d:of ;dfwfg ug{ ;Sg] dflg; clxn]e'O‘df k5fl/Psf] lyof] .

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;fs{ cyf{t\ blIf0f Pl;ofnL If]qLo;xof]u ;+u7g o; If]qsf] u}/;}lgsk|s[ltsf] If]qLo ;+u7g xf] . o;sf];+u7gfTds 9f‘rfdf ;a}eGbf dflyNnf]txdf /x]sf] ;+/rgf lzv/ a}7s xf] .sf7df8f} +df o;sf] c7f/f} + lzv/;Dd]ng x'‘b}5 . o;eGbf cufl8 g}o;sf ;qj6f lzv/ ;Dd]ng ;DkGgeO;s]sf 5g\ . c7f/j6f lzv/;Dd]ng;Dd cfOk'Ubf ;fs{ o; If]qsf;d:ofx? ;dfwfg ug{ ;kmn /x\of]jf c;kmn < clxn]s} ;+/rgf /clwsf/ If]qcGtu{t ;fs{n] o; If]qsfa9\bf r'gf}tLx? ;fdgf ug{ ;Snf <olb ;fs{sf] k'gM ;+/rgfsf] cfjZostf5 eg] To;sf] :j?k s:tf] x'g'knf{ <oL k|Zgx?sf] pQ/ k|fKt ubf{ /;fs{nfO{ kl/dflh{t ug{ ;Sbf of]ljZjdf ;kmn If]qLo ;+u7gsf] ?kdfpbfpg ;S5 . cGoyf ;fs{sf lzv/;Dd]ngx? sd{sf08sf ?kdf ;LldtaGg k'Ug] vt/f /xG5 . clxn]sf]cfjZostf ;fs{nfO{ sd{sf08L Pj+ o;If]qsf ;/sf/ k|d'vx?sf] …n~r ldl6ªÚug]{ ynf]af6 d'Qm ug]{ / o;nfO{sfdsfhL agfpg] g} xf] . lzv/;Dd]ng ;fs{sf sfdsf/jfxLx?sf]lj:t[t ;dLIff ug]{ / o;sf cfufdLsfo{ef/x?nfO{ lglZrt ug]{ PsdxTjk"0f{ cj;/ / ;Gbe{ x'g ;S5 .o; cfn]vdf ;fs{sf] ljut / eljiosf];Gbe{df la:t[t rrf{ ug{ vf]lhPsf]5 .;fs{ :yfkgfsf ] P ] ltxfl;sk[i7e"ldM

bf];|f] ljZjo'4sf] k6fIf]k;‘u} ;+o'Qm/fi6«;+3sf] :yfkgf ul/of] . t/zlQm/fi6«x? o;n] dfq} ;Gt'i6ePgg\ . cd]l/sL g]t[Tjsf] k"‘hLjfbLlzlj/ / ;f ] leot;+3 g]t [Tjsf ];fDojfbL lzlj/aLr zLto'4sf]z'?jft eO;s]sf] lyof] . t;y{k|f/Dedf ;}Go k|s[ltsf If ]qLo;+u7gx? pQ/ P6nflG6s ;lGw;+u7g -NATO_, klZrd Pl;ofdfs]Gb|Lo ;lGw ;+u7g -CENTO_,blIf0f k"j{ Pl;of ;lGw ;+u7g -SEATO_ / jf;f{ ;Demf}tf -War-saw pact_ cflbsf] hGd eof] . xfno; k|sf/sf ;}Go ;+u7gx?dWo] gf6f]sf]dfq pkl:ylt 5 .

u}/;}lgs k|s[ltsf] klxnf] If]qLo;+u7g ;g\ !(%& df :yfkgf ePsf]o'/f]lkog o'lgog lyof] . clxn] cfly{styf ;fdflhs ;xof]usf] If]qdflqmofzLn ljleGg If]qLo ;+u7gx?v'n]sf 5g\ . c/a nLu, clk|msL Pstf;+u7g, lj|S; cfl;ofg o:tf ;+u7gx?x'g\ . blIf0f Pl;ofnL If]qLo ;xof]u;+u7g ;fs{sf] :yfkgf rflx‘ lgs} g}l9nf] !(*% df ePsf] xf] . ;fs{:yfkgfsf] kxn af+Unfb]zsf tTsfnLg/fi6«klt lhofp/ /xdfgn] u/]sf lyP .pgn] !(&& b]lv !(*) ;Dd o;If]qsf b]zx?sf] e|d0f u/]/ If]qLo;+u7gsf] cfjZostfsf ljifodf nljªu/] . pgn] !(*) sf] d] @ tfl/vsflbg ;fs{ :yfkgfsf nflu o; If]qsf;a} d'n'sx?nfO{ kqfrf/ u/] . pgsf]k|:tfjnfO{ clGtd ?k lbg !(*! sf]clk|ndf sf]nDaf ]df, gf]j ]Da/dfsf7df8f} +df, !(*@ sf] cu:6dfO:nfdjfbdf / !(*# sf] dfr{df9fsfdf ljb]z ;lrj:t/Lo a}7sx?a;] . !(*# sf] cui6 @ tfl/vdfgof‘ lbNnLdf a;]sf] ljb]z dGqLx?sf]a}7sn] ;fs{sf] 3f]if0ffkq hf/L u¥of] .cGttM !(*% sf] l8;]Da/ & / *ut] 9fsfdf ePsf] lzv/ a}7sn];fs{sf] ljlwjt :yfkgf u¥of] .;fs{sf] ;+u7gfTds 9f“rfM

;fs{df lzv/ a}7s, dlGqkl/ifb,:yfoL ;ldlt, k|fljlws ;ldltx? /;lrjfno u/L kf‘r cË 5g\ . ;fs{/fi6«sf ;/sf/ k|d'vx?sf] a}7s lzv/a}7s xf] . o;n] cGo ;ldltx?n] u/]sftof/L / sfo{of]hgfx?nfO{ cf}krfl/stfk|bfg u5{ .

;fs{sf] lzv/ a}7s jif{sf]Psk6s a:g] elgP tfklg ;fs{:yfkgfsf] @( jif{df s]jn !& j6fa}7s a;]sf 5g\ . sf7df8f}+df ;DkGgx'g nfu]sf] a}7s c7f/f}+ xf] . lzv/;Dd]ngkl5sf] bf];|f] dxTjk"0f{ c+udlGqkl/ifb xf] . dlGqkl/ifb ;fs{;b:o d'n'ssf ljb]z dGqL ;lDdlntkl/ifb xf ]  . o;n] ;+u7gfTdsgLltx?sf] th'{df ug]{, ;fs{sf cfk;L;xof]usf k|ultsf] k'g/fjnf]sg ug]{,cfjZostfcg';f/sf cGo ;+oGq:yfkgf ug]{ h:tf sfd ub{5 . ;fs{sf]ljb]z ;lrj:t/Lo ;ldltnfO{ :yfoL;ldlt elgG5 . o;n] ;fs{sf ;xof]usfo {qmdx?sf ] cg 'udg,kl /of ]hgfx?sf ] lgdf { 0 f ,k|fyldstfx?sf] lgwf{/0f Pj+ ;|f]tx?sf]

;fs{sf ;Defjgf / r'gf}tLkl/rfng ub{5 . :yfoL ;ldltn] 5k|sf/sf k|fljlws ;ldltsf] lgdf{0fub{5 . dxf;lrjsf] g]t[Tjdf /xg] ;fs{;lrjfnon] ;fs{sf ljleGg ;ldltx?n]u/]sf lg0f{o sfof{Gjog ug]{ sfd u5{ .;fs{sf lg0f {ox? / ltgsf ]sfof{Gjogsf] cj:yfM

;fs{sf ljleGg lzv/ a}7sx?n]pNn]vgLo lg0f{ox? u/]sf eP klgTo;sf] sfof{Gjogsf] cj:yf ;Gtf]ifhgs5}g . gLlt lgdf{0f / sfof{Gjogsf]lx;fan] ;a}eGbf ;kmn If]qLo ;+u7go'/f]lkog o'lgog xf] eg] ;a}eGbf c;kmn;+u7g ;fs{ xf] eGbf km/s kb}{g . ;fs{sf]klxnf ] lzv/ a }7sn] cft+sjfb,

nfu"cf}ifwsf] cf];f/k;f/ / If]qLo txdfdlxnfx?sf] ;xeflutf a[l4sf nflucWoog ug{ ;ldlt lgdf{0f ug]{ lg0f{ou/]sf] lyof] . bf];|f] ;Dd]ngn] ;fs{;lrjfonnfO{ sf7df8f}+df /fVg] lg0f{ou/]sf ] lyof ]   . t ]; | f ] ;Dd ]ngsf ]lg0f{ocg';f/ ljb]z dGqL:t/df ;fs{

ckmuflg:tfgdf cft+sjfbL ;+u7gx?sf];+nUgtfdf x'g] clkmd v]tL / To;sf]k|;f/n] 7"nf] ;d:of lgDTofPsf] 5 .

;fs{n] ul/jL lgjf/0f;DaGwLsfo{qmdnfO{ pRr k|fyldstfdf /fv] klgo; If]qsf] ul/jL x6\g ;s]sf] 5}g ./fli6«o tYof+sx?n] hlt;'s} ul/jL 36]sf]b]vfP klg ljZja}+sn] ljsf; u/]sf]!=@% 8n/ / @ 8n/ eGbf sd cfDbfgLug]{ dflg;x?sf] tYof+s lgsfNbf ;fs{/fi6«sf] ul/jL %) k|ltzt eGbf dfly/xg] cg'dfg ug{ ;lsG5 . g]kfns} s'/fubf{ ;/sf/n] cfwf/e"t cfjZostfsf]nfut ljlwsf] ;j]{If0fdf cfwfl/t /x]/lgsfn]sf] ul/jLsf] /]vfd'lg /x]sf

hg;+Vof @%=@ k|ltzt cg'dfg ul/Psf]eP klg ljZj a}+såf/f ljsf; ul/Psf]qmozlQmdf cfwfl/t k4lt -Purchas-ing Power Parity_ cg';f/ lbgdf @8n/ eGbf sd cfDbfgL ug]{ hg;+Vof^@=* k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 . o;n] ;fs{If]qdf cTolws ul/jL /x]sf] b]vfp‘5 .

;h{g uf}td

If ]qdf cft+sjfbsf ] la:tf/nfO {/f]Sg];DaGwL dxf;lGw ;DkGg ePsf]lyof] . rf}yf] ;Dd]ngn] !(*( nfO{nfu"kbfy{ b'Jo{;gla?4sf] ;fs{ jif{ /!(() nfO{ ;fs{ aflnsf jif{sf ?kdfdgfpg] lg0f{o u/]sf] lyof] . To;};Dd]ngn] ;fs{ cfwf/e"t cfjZostfdfkb08 gfdsf] If]qLo of]hgf lgdf{0fu/L ;g\ @))) ;Dd vfBfGg, cfjf;,lzIff / jftfj/0f ;+/If0fsf cfwf/e"tcfjZostfx? k"/f ug]{ nIf /fv]sf] lyof] .kf‘rf}+ ;Dd]ngn] !((! b]lv @))) nfO{;fs{ aflnsf bzs, !((! nfO{ ;fs{cfjf; jif{, !((@ nfO{ ;fs{ jftfj/0fjif{ / !((# nfO{ ;fs{ ckf+u jif{sf]?kdf dgfpg] lg0f{o ul/Psf] lyof] . 5}7f}+,;ftf}+ cf7f}+ / gjf}+ ;Dd]ngn] To:tf]dxTjk"0f{ s'g} lg0f{o lng ;s]gg\ . t]x|f}+;Dd]ngn] ckmuflg:tfgnfO{ ;fs{sf] cf7f}+;b:o /fi6«sf] ?kdf :jLsf/ u/]sf]s'/fnfO{ 5f]8\g] xf] eg] bzf}+, P3f/f}+, afx|f} +,t]x|f}+ ;Dd]ng klg ;fdfGo ukmufkm u/]/;dfkg eP  . rf }wf } + ;Dd]ngdfckmuflg:tfgsf /fi6«kltn] klg efu lnP .kGw|f} + ;Dd]ngn] ljZjJofkL?kdf a9\b}uPsf] vfB ;+s6sf] ;Gbe{df ;fs{ If]qsf]vfB ;+s6 cGTo ug{ ;xsfo{ ug]{ lg0f{ou¥of] . ;f]x|f} + ;Dd]ngn] hnjfo' kl/jt{gsfr'gf}tLx?;‘u h'Wg lbuf] pmhf{ ljsf; ug]{/ lxdfnog kfl/l:yltsLsf] /Iff ug]{ h:tflg0f{o lnof] . ;qf}+ ;Dd]ngn] blIf0fPlzofdf JofKt n}+lus c;dfgtf x6fpgcfof]u u7g ug]{ lg0f{o u¥of] .

o;/L ljleGg k|sf/sf lg0f{ox?;fs{n ] u/ ]sf ] eP klg To;sf ]sfof{Gjogsf] :t/ cGToGt sdhf]/ 5 .;fs{sf] PsLs[t lqmofsnfkn] lgwf{/0fu/]sf s[lif, ;~rf/, lzIff, ;+:s[lt,v]ns"b, jftfj/0f / hnjfo' lj1fg,:jf:Yo, hg;+Vof lqmofsnfk / afnsNof0f, nfu"cf}ifw lgoGq0f, u|fdL0fljsf;, lj1fg / k|ljlw, ko{6g, oftfoft,ljsf;df dlxnf / ul/aL lgjf/0fh:tfcfk;L ;xof]usf If]qx?df vf;} k|ultb]lvPsf] 5}g . cft+sjfbsf] ;d:of36\g'sf] ;§f a9]sf] 5 . o; If]qdfb]lvPsf gSsnL ef?sf ;d:of, t:s/L/ cft+sjfbsf] km}nfj6df ef/tn]kfls:tfgnfO{ cfIf]k nufpg] u/]sf] 5 .nfu"cf}ifwsf] cf];f/k;f/ lgoGq0f o;If]qsf] d'Vo ;d:of alg/x]sf] a]nf

;fs{sf ul/jL lgjf/0f;DaGwL sfo{qmdn]u|fdL0f ul/jnfO{ ;d]t kmfObf k'¥ofpgg;ls/x]sf] cj:yf Psflt/ 5 eg];+;f/df a9\b} uPsf] elgPsf] zx/Lul/jsf] ;+VofnfO{ o;sf sfo{qmdx?n]5'g ;s]sf 5}gg\ .

lxdfno If ]qsf ] kf l/l:yltsk|0ffnLnfO{ arfpg] 3f]if0ff k6s–k6sul/P klg ck]]lIft k|ult x'g ;s]sf]5}g . lxd/]vf qmdzM dflylt/ ;b}{5 .af9L klx/f]h:tf k|fs[lts k|sf]kx? o;If]qsf cfd ;d:of ag]sf 5g\ .pbfx/0fsf nflu ut jif{ ef/tn] ab|L/ s]bf/ If]qdf cfPsf] ljgfzsf/L af9L/ o; jif{ g]kfndf ;'gsf]zLdf uPsf]klx/f]nfO{ lng ;lsG5 . cft+sjfb,wfld{s, hftLo jf If]qLo b+ufx? o;If]qsf k/Dk/fut ;d:ofx? x'g\ . h;sf]s'g} ;dfwfg x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . ef/t /kfls:tfgdf cft+sjfbL cfqmd0fx?nuftf/?kdf eO/x]sf 5g\ . g]kfn />Ln+sfh:tf b]zx?df nfdf] ;do;Ddrn]sf ljb|f]xx? ev{/} zfGt ePsf 5g\ .oL ;a} rrf{x?n] blIf0f Plzof Pp6f7"nf] ;d:ofu|:t If]qsf] ?kdf b]vf k5{ .t/ o;sf] ;dfwfgdf ;fs{n] pko'Qme"ldsf b]vfpg ;s]sf] 5}g . ;fs{sf] o:t}sdhf]/ e"ldsfsf sf/0f cfnf]rsx?;fs{nfO{ o; If]qsf k|ltlglwx?sf] ukmug]{ ynf] -Talk Shop_ dfGb5g\ . ;fs{aflnsf bzs;d]t dgfO;s]sf] ;fs{dfkl5Nnf] ;dodf cfPsf aflnsf anfTsf// xTofsf 36gfn] l:yltnfO{ yknHhf:kb agfPsf] 5 .s] ;fs{ o'/f]lkog o'lgog aGg;S5 <M

o'/f]lkog o'lgog @* ;b:ox?ePsf] o'/f]ksf] If]qLo ;+u7g xf] .o'/f]lkog o'lgog Ps cfly{s dfq geO{/fhgLlts ;+u7g klg xf] . o;n]:j]lR5s / nf]stflGqs9+un] ;DkGgul/Psf ;lGwsf] cfwf/df sfd u5{ .a]nfotafx]ssf o'/f]lkog o'lgogsf;b:o /fi6«x?n] Psn d'b|f o'/f] dfqk|rngdf NofPsf xf]Ogg\ ls pgLx?n]l;+uf] o'/f]knfO{ Psn cfGtl/s ahf/dfabn]sf 5g\ . o'/f]ksf] ;a}eGbf dxTjk"0f{cfly{s Ol~hg oxL :jtGq Jofkf/ If]qxf] . cfly{s kIfb]lv afx]s o'/f]lkogo'lgogn] dfgj clwsf/, nf]stGq,:jtGqtf, ;dfgtf / sfg"gsf] zf;gsf]

ljsf;sf] qmdd} /x]sf] b]zdfljBfno:t/df lj1fg lzIf0fk|lqmofdf ljleGg ;d:ofx? /x]sf5g . tL ;d:ofx? / s]xL;dfwfgsf pkfox? lgDgt/Lsfn] oxf“ k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .-!_ ;d:ofM

ljBfno txdf lj1fglzIf0fsf] nflu cfjZosk|of]uzfnf, z}lIfs ;fdu|L cflbgx''g' / eOxfn]df klg pko'Qmvfnsf] gx'g' .;dfwfg M olb xfdLn] ljifon]dfu]sf] z}lIfs ;fdu|L lgdf{0ftyf ;ª\sng u/L ltgLx?sf] ;xLt/Lsfn] k|of]u ug{] u/]df /lj1fg k|of]uzfnfsf] plrtlgdf{0f / k|of]u u/]df lj1fglzIf0f s]xL k|efjsf/L x'G5 .-@_ ;d:ofM ljBfno kl/jf/tyf k|zf;gn] lj1fgsf] dxTjsd?kdf a'‰g' .;dfwfgM ljBfno kl/jf/ tyfk|zf;gn] lj1fgsf] dxTj a'´LnfUg] ;Dk"0f{ nfut pknAwu/fpg'kb{5 .-$_ ;d:ofM lj1fg ljifodfgof“–gof“ 1fg, vf]hx? ;dfj]zx'g'  .;dfwfgM lj1fg lzIf0f w]/}cWoogzLn / k|of]unfO{k|fyfldstf lbg] vfnsf]x'g'kb{5 . lj1fgdf gof“–gof“ 1fg/ vf]hx? ;dfj]z ePdfltgLx?sf] lj:t[t cWoog u/Lk|of]ufTds ljlwaf6 ;xh} ;d:of;dfwfg ug'{kb{5 .-$_ ;d:ofM g]kfne/ Pp6}kf7\oqmd pkof]u ul/g' /kf7\oqmdn] :yfgLo OR5f,cfsf+Iff / cfjZostfnfO{;dfj]z ug{ g;Sg' .;dfwfgM kf7\oqmdn] ljBfyL{sf]OR5f, cfsf+Iff / cfjZostfnfO{;dfj]z u/L ;f]xL cg';f/sf] /7fp“ cg';f/sf] ;Dk"0f{jftfj/0fnfO{ ;d]6\g ;lsg] u/]/kf7\oqmd lgwf{/0f ug{'kb{5 .-%_ ;d:ofM lj1fg lzIf0fl;sfO lqmofsnfk lzIf0f s]lGb|tx'g' / ljBfyL{ s]lGb|t x'g g;Sg' .;dfwfg M lj1fg lzIf0f l;sfOlqmofsnfk ljBfyL{ s]lGb|tx'gkb{5 . h;sf] sf/0f ljBfyL{n]k|ToIf cfkm} k|of]uljlwaf6 :yfoL1fg k|FKt ug{ ;S5g\ h'g sfo{dflzIfsn] pTk|]/s -Catalyst_ sf]sfo{ ug{'kb{5 .-^_ ;d:ofM lj1fg lzIf0flqmofsnfk s]jn sf]if{ k"/f ug{]tkm{dfq pGd'v x'g' / lzIf0fdf bfloTjaf]wsf] cefj x'g' .;dfwfgM lj1fg lzIf0flqmofsnfk ubf{ s]jn sf]if{ k"/fug]{lt/ dfq Wofg glbP/lj1fgsf ;Dk"0f{ ;fwf/0f tyf

:ynut e|d0f cflb ;~rfngug{'kb{5 . h;n] ljBfyL{x?dflj1fgk|ltsf] wf/0ff km/flsnf]aGg k'U5 .-*_ ;d:ofM ljBfyL{x?sf]cWoogz}nL k/LIffd'vL x'g' /o;df lzIfs tyf ljBfnokl/jf/n] a9fjf lbg' .;dfwfgM ljBfyL{x?sf]cWoogz}nL s]jn k/LIffdf /fd|f]c+s xfl;n ug{] dfq geO{kf7\oqmdn] af]s]sf ;Dk"0f{p2]Zox? k"/f x'g] vfnsf]x'g'kb{5 h'g sfo{df lzIfs tyfljBfno kl/jf/n] dxTjk"0f{e"ldsf v]Ng'kb{5 .-(_ ;d:ofM lj1fg lzIf0f ubf{lzIfsn] s]jn gf]6 lbg] / lng]dfq sfo{ ug{' .;dfwfgM lj1fg lzIf0f ubf{lzIfsn] kf7\oj:t' /fd|f];“ucWoog u/fO{ k|of]udf Nofpgl;sfpg] / gf]6 cfkm} agfpgnufpg] ug'{kb{5 . hg' sfo{n]ubf{ ljBfyL{x?df cWoog ug{afgLsf] ljsf; xf];\ .-!)_ ;d:ofM b'u{d If]qdfeg]sf] ;dodf kf7\ok':tspknAw x'g g;Sg' .;dfwfgM kf7\ok':ts z}lIfs;qz'? x'g' eGbf s]xL cufl8 g};DalGwt ljBfnox?df k'¥ofpg'kb{5 cyf{t ljBfyL{x?n] ;xh}k|fKt ug{ ;Sg] jftfj/0fldnfpg'kb{5 h;sf] nflu;/sf/, lzIff dGqfno lhNnflzIff sfof{no, ljBfno kl/jf/,k|sfzs ;d"x tyf ljBfyL{ :jo+n]g} cf–cfÎgf] e"ldsf lgaf{xplrt ;dod} ug{'kb{5 .-!!_ ;d:ofM ljBfnodf lj1fgcWoog Pp6f dfq} kf7\ok':tsdflge{/ x'g' .;dfwfgM ljBfnodfkf7\ok':tssf] cnfjf ;Gbe{;fdu|Lx?sf] pkof]u ug'{kb{5 .h;sf] ;fy} cGo lj1fg;DaGwLkqklqsf, /]l8of], l6eL sfo{qmd;a}df ljBfyL{x?nfO{ ;dfj]zu/fpg'kb{5 .-!@_ ;d:ofM tflndk|fKt,lzIf0f lqmofsnfkdf lgk"0flzIfsx?sf] cefj .;dfwfgM lj1fg ljifo lzIf0fug{sf nflu z}lIfs of]Uotfk'u]df lzIfsx? ;fy ;fy} ;docg';f/ tflndsf] Joj:yf u/Llgk"0f lzIfsn] dfq k7\gkf7\gug{] afgL a;fNg'kb{5 . h'gsfo{sf nflu Expert af6lgoldt tflndsf] Joj:yfug{'kb{5 .

--nn]]vvss lljj11ffgg llzzIIFFssgg]]kkffnn kkllZZrrdd IIff ]]qq::tt//LLoo

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o'uaf]w ;dfrf/bftf

3f]/fxL, @ d+l;/ . dlxnf :jo+;]ljsf 3f]/fxL gu/;ldltsf] t];|f] ;fwf/0f ;ef d+unjf/ ;DkGg ePsf] 5 .

;ldltsf cWoIf wgf Gof}kfg]sf] cWoIftfdf ePsf] ;efdf k|d'v cltly 3f]/fxL gu/kflnsfsf sfo{sf/L clws[t t'kmfgl;+x s];L, hg:jf:Yo sfof{no bfªsf k|d'v 8f= e"jg kf}8]n, kqsf/gf/fo0f ljjz, :jo+;]ljsf sfhn hL;L, lbkf jnL, uf]df clwsf/L / lgd{nf rf}w/Ln] af]Ng'ePsf] lyof] .

;f] cj;/df ;lrj b|f]0ff jnLn] ;+:yfut tyf sf]iffWoIf jLgf vgfnn] cfly{s

k|ltj]bg k|:t't ug'{ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmdsf] ;~rfng b|f]0ff jnLn] ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

;efn] wgf Gof}kfg]sf] cWoIftfdf !# ;b:oLo sfo{;ldlt rog u/]sf] 5 .

;ldltsf] pkfWoIfdf uLtf jnL, ;lrj b|f]0ff jnL, ;x;lrj ;Ltf lj;L /sf]iffWoIfdf ljgf vgfn x'g'x'G5 .

To;}u/L ;b:ox?df lji0ff cfrfo{, rGb|snf s];L ;/:jtf s];L, /df k5fO{ , sdnf rf}w/L, cr{gf rf}w/L, u+uf 3tL{ / piff lu/L /xg'ePsf] 5 . ;Nnfxsf/x?df uf]df clwsf/L, j;Gtf >]i7 / /Ltf yfkfnfO{ rog ul/Psf] 5 .

o'uaf]w ;dfrf/bftf

ndxL, @ d+l;/ . u+ufk/;k'/–! ;fnem'08L a'6]gLsf hLjnfn s'‘j/of]uLsf] cfkm\g} uf]?n] xfGbfd[To' ePsf] 5 . uf]7df hLjnfn s‘j/ of]uLn] uf]? afWg nfUbf uf]?n] pgsf] k"/ }

z/L/ l;ªn] p7fP/ hldgdf km\ofs]sf] lyof] .

pgnfO{ pkrf/sf nflu k|fylds :jf:Yo s]Gb| ndxLdf Nofp‘bf Nofp“b} af6f]df d[To' ePsf] l5d]sL dfgaxfb'/ jf]u6Ln] hfgsf/L u/fpg'ePsf] 5 .

o'uaf]w ;dfrf/bftf

efn'jfª, @ d+l;/ . /fhk'/ ufp‘ ljsf; ;ldltsf] cfof]hgf / lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt bfªsf] ;xof]udf tLg lbg] of]hgf th'{df uf]i7Lsf] pb\3f6g ul/Psf] 5 . d+l;/$ ut];Dd ;~rfng x'g] pQm uf]i7Ldf j8f gful/s d~r tyf gful/s ;r]tgf s]Gb|sf k|ltlglwx?sf nflu :yfgLo:t/sf] of]hgf th'{df, ;fdflhs ;b\efj tyf gful/s cg'udg;DaGwL tflnd lbOg] 5 . pQm tflnddf uflj;sf ( j6}j8faf6 #–# hgf j8f gful/s d~rsf k|ltlglw u/L @& hgf, gful/s ;r]tgf s]Gb|sf # hgf / ljleGg /fhgLlts

kf6L{ k|ltlglw, PsLs[t of]hgf th'{df ;ldltsf !) hgf u/L s"n $) hgfn] efu lnO/x]sf 5g\ .

pQm tflnddf gful/s ;r]tgf s]Gb|, j8f gful/s d~r, uflj;sf] jt{dfg cj:yfsf] ljZn]if0f u/L yk ;'wf/ ug{ of]ubfg k'¥ofpg], ;fdflhs ;d:of klxrfg Pj+ of]hgf ;dfj]z ;DaGwdf 5nkmn, cfof]hgf 5gf]6, juL{s/0f / k|fyldsLs/0f u/L To;sf] sfof{Gjogdf ;xof]u Pj+ gful/s cg'udgdf ;lqmo ;xeflutf nufotsf ljljw ljifodf tflnd lbO/x]sf] 5 . pQm tflndsf] k|lzIfsdf s'naxfb'/ 8f‘uL / sdn uf}td /xg'ePsf] 5 .

dlxnf :jo+;]ljsfx?sf] gu/;ef

of]hgf th'{df uf]i7L pb\3f6g

uf]?n] xfGbf Hofg uof]

o'uaf]w ;dfrf/bftf

t'n;Lk'/, @ d+l;/ . bfªaf6 ;?jf eP/ hfg nfUg'ePsf k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L lbg]z e§/fO{nfO{ t'n;Lk'/ pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3n]ljbfO u/]sf] 5 .

t'n;Lk'/df Ps sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf u/L k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L e§/fO{nfO{ ljbfO ul/Psf] xf] . k|lhc e§/fO{ ;?jf eP/ uPkl5 pxf“sf] 7fp“df gof“ k|lhc k/z'/fd cof{n cfpg'x'g] ePsf] 5 .

t'n;Lk'/ pBf]u jfl0fho ;+3sf cWoIf ljdn l/hfnsf]cWoIftf tyf k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L e§/fO{sf] k|d'v cfltYotfdf ePsf] sfo{qmddf ;+3sf pkfWoIf jL/axfb'//fjt, ;'bLk >]i7, ;]js/fd e08f/Lnufotn] af]Ng'ePsf]lyof] . sfo{qmdsf] ;xhLs/0f

;+3sf dxf;lrj g]qnfn jnLn] ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

o;}aLr clkm;;{ Snj t'n;Lk'/n] Snjsf ;+/Ifs Pj+ k|d'v lhNNff clwsf/L lbg]z e§/fO{nfO{ ljbfO u/]sf]5 . sfo{qmddf af]Nb} k|lhc e§/fO{n] /fi6«;]js sd{rf/Lsf];?jf lgoldt k|lqmof ePsfn] hxf“ uP klg pTs[i6 ?kdf ;]jf k|jfx ug'{kg] { atfpg'eof] .

cfkm" ^ dlxgf dfq o; lhNnfdf a;] klg oxf“sf gful/sx? cToGt} ;xof]uL / r':tb'?:t ;'/Iff ;t{stf /fVg lgs} ;xof]u u/]sf]cg'e"lt ePsf] atfpg'eof] . af9Laf6 kLl8t gful/sx?nfO{ cfkm"n];/sf/sf] tkm{af6 ;Sbf];xof]u pknAw u/fPsf] / ;f]sfo{df oxf“sf lghL ;+3;+:yf / ;~rf/sdL{n] lgjf{x u/] ]sf]e"ldsfsf] pxf“n] ;/fxgf

ug'{eof] . af9Llkl8tsf]plrt af;sf] Joj:yfsf nflu cfkm"n] ;Sbf] kxn;d]t u/]sf] pxf“sf] egfO lyof] .

;f] cj;/df Snjn]xfn} ;?jf eP/ cfpg'ePsf l;+rfO{ l8lehg sfof{no bfªsf k|d'v lbg]z /hf}l/of / ;f]xL sfof{nosf Ol~hlgo/dgf]hs'df/ ;fxnfO{ :jfut u/]sf] 5 . sfo{qmddf bfªsf k|x/L k|d'v lvg'k|;fb cfrfo{, l;+rfO{ l8lehg sfof{nosf k|d'v lbg]z /hf}l/of, Snjsf dxf;lrj gf/fo0fL /hf}/]fnufotn] af]Ng'ePsf]lyof] . sfo{qmd Snjsf sfo{jfxs cWoIf 3gZofd e';fnsf] cWoIftfdf ePsf]lyof] .

3f]/fxL, @ d+l;/ -o';_– o; jif{sf] e}nf]af6 p7]sf]/sd nf]xf/kfgL–% ;flsg]sf]d+uf]lnog ;'gufef afn Snjn] kf“rhgf u/LaLsf sf/0f ljBfno hfg al~rt afnaflnsfnfO{ Ps jif{ k'Ug]emf]nf, sfkL snd ljt/0f u/]sf] 5 .

Snjsf cWoIf uf]s0f{ k'gsf] cWoIftfdf v]lnPsf]e}nf]af6 Ps nfv bz xhf/ ?k}of“ p7]sf] lyof] . To;af6 ^ xhf/ ?k}of“ afnaflnsfnfO{ ;xof]u lbPsf] 5 eg] Ps xhf/sf afnpkof]uL k':ts v/Lb ul/Psf] 5 . c? /sd sfo{qmd u/L ef]hdf vr{ ePsf] 5 .

ef]hsf] cfof]hgf u/L ;xof]u ljt/0f ul/Psf] sfo{qmddf j8f gful/s d~rsf ;+of]hs lsdaxfb'/ 3tL{, ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;ldltsf Zofdaxfb'/ k'g, dlxnf ;d"xsf sfnL k'g, /f]a/l;+x k'g, af]daxfb'/ a}hfnL nufotn] z'esfdgf JoQm ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

k|lhc e§/fO{nfO{ ljbfO afn Snjsf] e}nf]af6 emf]nf / sfkL

klqsf dfu]/

xf]Og

lsg]/ k9f}+ .

o'uaf]w ;dfrf/bftf

/f]Nkf, @ d+l;/ . /f]Nkfdf ut zlgjf/ /flt Ps JolQmnfO{ xTof u/L km/f/ePsfx? kqmfp k/]sf] k|x/Ln]hgfPsf] 5 .

xTof u/L rf/ lbgb]lv efUb} lx“8]sf /fh]z 3tL{ du/nfO{ lnlemsf eGg]h+undf n's]/ a;]sf] cj:yfdf vf]h ug] {qmddf km]nf kfl/Psf]k|x/Ln] hgfPsf] 5 .

wafª uflj;sf] j8f g+= # sf lgh 3tL{ ;f]xL uflj; j8f g+= $ sf %# jifL{o s'naxfb'/L 3tL{nfO{ xTof u/L efu]sf] k|x/Ln] hgfPsf]5 . k|x/L ;xfos lg/LIfs /fhaxfb'/ yfkfsf] g]t[Tjdf /x]sf] k|x/L 6f]nLn] kqmfp

u/L kqsf/x?dfem ;fj{hlgs u/]sf] xf] . ;O{ yfkfn] pQm 36gfkl5 ufp“df lgs} qf;k"0f{ aftfj/0f ePsf] eGb} ck/fwL km]nf k/]kl5 ufp“n]x? 9'Ss ag]sf] atfpg'eof] . ck/fwLnfO{ kqmfp ug{ ufp“n]x?n] lgs} ;xof]u u/]sf]klg yfkfn] atfpg'eof] .

sflt{s @( ut] /flt s/La ( ah] wfl/nf] xltof/n]xTof u/]/ ufp“ glhs}kmflnPsf] cj:yfdf h+undf 3f“;kftsf nflu uPsf ufp“n]n]3tL{sf] zj km]nf kf/]sf lyP . :yfgLon] va/ u/]kl5 lhNnf k|x/Ln] cg';Gwfg yfn]sf] lyof] . cf/f]lkt #& jifL{o /fh]z 3tL{n] klg cfkm"n]g} 3tL{sf] xTof u/]sf] :jLsf/u/]sf 5g\ .

o'uaf]w ;dfrf/bftf

3f]/fxL, @ d+l;/ . /fli6«o r'nf] k|a4{s ;~hfn bfªsf]cWoIfdf aflnsf kGt rog x'g'ePsf] 5 . ;~hfnsf]d+unjf/ 3f]/fxLdf ePsf]e]nfn] kGtsf] cWoIftfdf !! ;b:oLo gof“ sfo{;ldlt rog u/]sf] xf] .

;ldltsf pkfWoIfdf o1axfb'/ 8f“uL, ;lrjdf kf]if0f/fh uf}td, ;x ;lrjdf k"0f{axfb'/ lai6 / sf]iffWoIfdf clgtf a:g]tnfO{ rog ul/Psf] 5 . ;b:ox?df k"l0f{df a:g]t, dfOtL rf}w/L, pld{nf rf}w/L, e'df k'/L, xf“;L/fd rf}w/L / t'n;L rf}w/L /xg'ePsf] 5 . ;~hfnsf;Nnfxsf/df ;'zLnf kf}8]n, k'ikf jnL, kbdaxfb'/ 8f“uL, emUu'k|;fb s];L / hfgsf s];L /xg'ePsf] 5 .

To:t} ;~hfnsf];+:yfut ;Nnfxsf/df lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt bfªsf]pmhf{ OsfO{, ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf dxf;+3, g]kfn

hnjfo' kl/jt{g ;xof]u sfo{qmd / a]; t'n;Lk'//x]sf 5g\ .

;~hfnsf lgjt{dfg pkfWoIf aflnsf kGtsf]cWoIftf Pj+ jg dxf;+3sf cWoIf zf]efs/ ;fksf]6fsf]k|d'v cfltYotfdf gof“ g]t[Tj rog ul/Psf] xf] . ljleGg k|sf/sf ;'wfl/Psf] r'nf]agfpg ! ;o #@ hgfnfO{ tflnd lbP klg clxn] ^$ hgf ;lqmo /x]sf] ;~hfnn]hfgsf/L lbPsf] 5 . Psd'v], b'O{d'v] / ;+:yfut ;'wfl/Psf]r'nf] agfP/ r'nf] k|a4{sx?n]/fd|f] sdfO ;d]t u/]sf]cg'ej sfo{qmddf ;'gfPsf lyP .

;~hfndf cfj4 k|a4{sx?n] b'O{ dlxgfdf @ ;o #@ j6f r'nf] agfPsf]atfPsf 5g\ . vfgf ksfp“bf w'jf“ sd x'g] / sd bfp/fdf vfgf kfSg] ePkl5 kl5Nnf];dodf ;'wfl/Psf] r'nf]tkm{ gful/sx?sf] cfsif{0f a9]sf]r'nf] k|a4{s dfOtL rf}w/Ln]atfpg'eof] .

o'uaf]w ;dfrf/bftf

3f]/fxL, @ d+l;/ . lgdflj b'n}of /fhk'/sf] d+unjf/;DkGg ljBfno Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf] lgjf{rgaf6 ! ;o ($ dt NofO{ cWoIf kbdf /fdj/0f ofbj ljhoL x'g'ePsf] 5 .

pxf“sf k|lt:kwL{ dLgk|sfz rf}w/Ln] ! ;o *%

dt k|fKt ug'{ePsf] lgjf{rg ;ldltsf ;fw/fd ofbjn]hfgsf/L lbg'eof] .

To;}u/L dlxnf ;b:odf ;'zLnf ofbj, ;b:ox?df axfb'/ ofbj / /fdk|;fb xl/hg lglj{/f]w lgjf{lrt x'g'ePsf] 5 . hDdf dtbftf $ ;o !@ /x]sf]df # ;o (# dt v;]sf] lyof] . !$ dt ab/ ePsf lyP .

xTofsf] cf/f]kdf kqmfp

r'nf] k|a4{s ;~hfn u7g

lgdflj b'n}ofsf] cWoIfdf ofbj

;+:yfks Pj+ ;Nnfxsf/ M gf/fo0fk|;fb zdf{, ;Dkfbs–k|sfzs M k|tfk /]UdL, cltly ;Dkfbs M ;'zLn uf}td, k|aGw ;Dkfbs M nIdL cfrfo{, ;x–;Dkfbs M g/]Gb| s];Ld'b|s M k|ltef ckm;]6 k|]; 3f]/fxL, bfª kmf]g M )*@–%^))*$÷%^!#)#, km\ofS; M )*@–%^)($*, zfvf sfof{nox? M t'n;Lk'/– %@)($*, ndxL– %$)@$!, E-mail : yougbodh@gmail.com

* www.nayayougbodh.com@)&! ;fn d+l;/ # ut] a'wjf/ (Nov. 19, 2014) ;dfrf/

xf8hf]gL{ -cyf]{k]l8s_ tyf g;f/f]u ljz]if1 8f= uf]kfn ;fu/ l8;Ljl/i7 dfgl;s tyf gzf/f]u ljz]if1 8f= df]xg j]Njf;]

bfªsf] sflnsf d]l8sndfsf7df8f}+ l;len xl:k6ndf sfd u/L xfn g]kfnu~h d]l8sn

sn]h g]kfnu~hdf sfo{/t xf8hf]gL{ -cyf]{k]l8s_ tyf gzf/f]u ljz]if1 8f= uf]kfn ;fu/ l8;L MBBS, MS (Orthopeadic surgeon), sf]xnk'/ d]l8sn sn]h sf]xnk'/df sfo{/t jl/i7 dfgl;s Pj+ gzf/f]u ljz]if1 8f= df]xg j]Njf;]åf/f bfª 3f]/fxL xl:k6n /f]8l:yt sflnsf d]l8sndf lj/fdLsf] r]shf“r ul/g] ePsf] x'“Fbf ;dod} cfkm\gf] gfd btf{ u/fO{ ljz]if1 ;]jfsf] nfe lng'xf];\ / cfkm\gf] /f]usf] k"0f{ lgbfg ug'{xf];\ .

;Dks{ M k|f]= ab|L v8\sf

sflnsf d]l8snxl:k6n /f]8 3f]/fxL, bfª kmf]g M %^)^%@

lj/fdL hf“r x'g] ldlt MoxL @)&! d+l;/ ^ ut]

zlgjf/

xftv'§f ef“lRrPsf], Knfi6/ ug'{kg]{, z/L/ emdemdfpg], b'Vg], ;'lGgg], uf“7fu'“7L l;lNsg], jfy, o'l/s Pl;8, x8\8L lvOPsf], 9f8 sDd/ b'Vg], ;d:ofx? ePsf lj/fdLx?sf] r]shf“Fr, pkrf/ tyf ck|]zg .

dfgl;s tyf gzf;DaGwL ;d:of ePsf lj/fdLx?sf] r]shf“rsf] Joj:yf . 5f/] /f]u -d[uL_, lgb|f gnfUg], l/+uf6f nfUg] ;d:of ePsf lj/fdLx?sf] r]shf“rsf] Joj:yf . of}gOR5fdf sdL, z/L/ sfKg] tyf kfunkg;DaGwL ;d:of ePsf

lj/fdLx?sf] r]shf“rsf] Joj:yf . nfu' tyf dfbs kbfy{ ;]jg ug]{ ;d:of ePsfx?sf] r]shf“rsf] Joj:yf .

8f= åf/f lbOg] ;]jfx?M

xflb{s awfO{

dWoklZrd ljsf; If]qd} cfˆgf] klxrfg agfpg ;kmn /fKtL aaO{ ax'd'vL SofDk; t'n;Lk'/, bfªsf] z}lIfs ;q @)&)sf] B.B.S 3rd Year sf] ev{/} k|sflzt glthfdf dWoklZrd If]qdf t[lto ;fy} t'n;Lk''/ If]qdf pTs[i6 glthf Nofpg ;kmn nf]sdfg rf}w/L / B.BS 3rd year df pQL0f{ x'g] ;Dk"0f{ 5fqf÷5fqx?nfO{ xflb{s awfO{ 1fkg ub} { z}lIfs ;kmntfsf] sfdgf ub{5f} + .

nf]sdfg rf}w/L^*=&% k|ltzt

-dWoklZrd t[tLo, t'n;Lk'/ If]q pTs[i6_

xl/axfb'/ s]=;L=^$=&% k|ltzt -k|yd >]0fL_

;/f]h kGyL^) k|ltzt -k|yd >]0fL_

/fKtL aaO{ ax'd'vL SofDk; kl/jf/t'n;Lk'/, bfª

;fy} M Joj:yfkg, lzIff, dfgljsL / lj1fg ;+sfotkm{ lgoldt / k'/s af6 +2 kf; x'g] 5fqf÷5fqx?nfO{ $ jif]{ BBS,BA,B.Ed. k|yd jif{df egf{ rln/x]sf] x'“Fbf o; sn]hdf l5§} egf{ x'g cg'/f]w ub{5f} .

sIff ;~rfng M d+l;/ ! ut]b]lv eO/x]sf] 5 .

/fh]Gb|s'df/ kf08]-SofDk; k|d'v_

dfgaxfb'/ 8f“uL-cWoIf_tyf

d]/f ;fyL Zofd k'g g]kfn t?0f bn 3f]/fxL gu/sf] cWoIf kbdf lgjf{lrt x'g'ePsf]df xflb{s awfO{ 1fkg ub}{ sfo{sfn ;kmntfsf] z'esfdgf;lxt pQ/f]Q/ k|ultsf] sfdgf ub{5' .

xflb{s awfO{

;'jf; lj=s= 3f]/fxL–!!, bfª

;"rgf † ;"rgf †† ;"rgf †††sIff !@ sf] k'/s k/LIffdf

kf; ePsf ljBfyL{x?sf] nflu lj=lj=P;= k|yd jif{df egf{ v'n]sf]

hfgsf/L u/fOG5 .

SofDk; k|d'v

dfs{ OG6/g]zgn sn]h3f]/fxL, bfª

kmf]g g+= M )*@–%^@!()

xflb{s awfO{

v]dh+u a:g]t tyf cfZs /fKtL Sofl/o;{ k|f=ln= kl/jf/

3f]/fxL–!), bfª

xfd|f ldq tyf cfZs /fKtL Sofl/o;{ k|f=ln=sf cWoIf

>L nf]s/fh kf]v|]nklZrdf~rn oftfoft Joj;foL ;ldlt a'6jnsf] gjf} + clwj]zgaf6 ul/dfdo cWoIf kbdf lgjf{lrt x'g'ePsf]df pxfFnfO{ xflb{s awfO{ 1fkg ub} { k"0f{ sfo{sfn ;kmntfsf] z'esfdgf

JoQm ub{5f} + .

xflb{s awfO{

oxL @)&! sflt{s @^ ut] ;DkGg ePsf] g]kfn t?0f bn bfª lhNnfsf] clwj]zgaf6 Zofd k'g3f]/fxL gu/kflnsfsf] gu/ cWoIf kbdf, cleofg a:g]t lhNnf sf]iffWoIfdf, b'n{e s];L If]q g+= # sf] ;lrj / aflnsf nD;fn s]Gb|Lo k|ltlglwdf, bLk]g zfxL If]q g+= # sf] If]qLo cWoIfdf, /d]z dNn If]q g+= $ sf] If]qLo cWoIfdf o; ;ldltsf rfns ;Gtf]if lj=s= If]q g+= $ sf] If]qLo sf]iffWoIf kbdf / gjlgjf{lrt ;Dk"0f{ sfo{ ;ldltnfO{ xflb{s awfO{ 1fkg ub} { ;kmn sfo{sfnsf]z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5f} + .

hLt]Gb|axfb'/ zfx -cWoIf_

/fKtL c~rn ;fj{hlgs oftfoft Joj;foL ;ldlt kl/jf/ t'n;Lk'/, bfª

Zofd k'g

/d]z dNn

b'n{e s];Lcleofg a:g]t

;Gtf]if lj=s=

aflnsf nD;fn bLk]g zfxL

xflb{s awfO{

uf]ljGb v8\sf v'd s];L bLks zdf{ a'l4/fd jnLdfOsn jnL df]tL/fd jnL anl;+x 3tL{ du/

cn;ldt Dofgkfj/ kl/jf/ t'n;Lk'/, bfª

6Lsf 3tL{ dl~ht k'g afF7fk|lj0f s];L nlnth+u kf08] cho a'9fyf]sLxfd|f cfb/0fLo bfh' tyf ldqx? xfn} ;DkGg g]kfn t?0f bnsf] lhNnf

clwj]zg / If]qLo clwj]zgaf6 qmdzM 6Lsf 3tL{ cWoIfdf, k|lj0f s];L t'n;Lk'/ gu/ ;efkltdf, dl~ht k'g af“7f t'n;Lk'/ gu/ sf]iffWoIfdf, nlnth+u kf08]If]q g+= % sf] cWoIfdf / cho a'9fyf]sL t'n;Lk'/ gu/ ;lrjdf lgjf{lrt x'g'ePsf]df xflb{s awfO{ 1fkg ub}{ sfo{sfnsf] k"0f{ ;kmntfsf] sfdgf ub{5f}+ .

xflb{s awfO{

k|lj0f s];L -;efklt_

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kb tx ljifo ;+Vof of]UotflzIfs lg=df=lj= ul0ft tyf ! cfO{=P:;L=

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