異質無線網路整合與漫遊技術簡介

交通大學資工系 曹孝櫟助理教授

Heterogeneous Wireless Network Integration (1/4)• Generic Architecture

Multi-mode &Heterogeneous

Fixed Mobile Convergence

WLAN/WLAN mesh

3G/B3GNew Air/

4G

BT/UWB

WiMAX/WiMAX relay

…

All IP

Mobile Terminal Radio Access Network Core Network Service Network

Heterogeneous &overlay

Broadband & IP IMS/SIP

AAA NetworkAAA Network

• IETF Perspective

Multi-mode &Heterogeneous

IP-based applications

WLAN/WLAN mesh

3G/B3GNew Air/

4G

BT/UWB

WiMAX/WiMAX relay

…

All IP+

Application Mobility

Or

All IP+

Network Mobility

Heterogeneous ANs IPv4 or IPv6

Mobility

Heterogeneous Wireless Network Integration (2/4)

• IEEE Perspective

Multi-mode &Heterogeneous

IP-based applications

WLAN/WLAN mesh

3G/B3GNew Air/

4G

BT/UWB

WiMAX/WiMAX relay

…

All IP+

Application Mobility

Or

All IP+

Network Mobility

Heterogeneous ANs IPv4 or IPv6

Mobility

IEEE 802.21

IEEE 802.21

Heterogeneous Wireless Network Integration (3/4)

• 3GPP/WiMAX Perspective

3GPP/WLAN/WiMAXTerminal

CSCF/…WLAN AN

WiMAX AN

3GPPAN

IP Core

3GPP/WLAN/WiMAXAN

3GPP/WiMAX &IP Core Network

IMS/SIP

3GPPCore

WiMAXCore

PDG

UMA

Heterogeneous Wireless Network Integration (4/4)

Application Layer: SIP Mobility

Terminal mobility: pre-call Terminal mobility: mid-call

Personal Mobility Service MobilitySIP for Mobility presentation, SIP 2001, Henning Schulzrinne

Application Layer: SIP Mobility

Handoff Delay Analysis for SIP Mobility in IPv6 Testbed, N. Nakajima, A.Dutta, S. Das, H. Schulzrinne

Network Layer: Mobile IP

Inside Mobile IP, Narendra Venkataraman, Dr. Dobb's Journal

Network Layer: SCTP/Multi-homing

http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/linux/l-sctp/figure2.gif

Network Layer: IETF WGs

• MextMext: Mobility EXTensions for IPv6 • MipshopMipshop: Mobility for IP: Performance,

Signaling and Handoff Optimization • NetlmmNetlmm: Network-based Localized Mobility

Management • Shim6Shim6: Site Multihoming by IPv6

Intermediation • Mip4Mip4: Mobility for IPv4

Network Layer: 3GPP

3GPP Network

WLAN UE

WLAN Access Network (with or without an

intermediate network)

3GPP AAA Server Packet

Data GW

3GPP PS services

(including access to internet)

Intranet / Internet

WLAN 3GPP IP Access

www.3gpp.org

Network Layer: 3GPP2

www.3gpp2.org

Network Layer: WiMAX Forum

http://www.wimaxforum.org/home/

Link Layer: UMA

UMA, 3GPP

23年 4月 21日 15

802.21: Key Services

Link Layer TriggersState Change

PredictiveNetwork Initiated

Network InformationAvailable NetworksNeighbor MapsNetwork ServicesHandover Commands

Client InitiatedNetwork Initiated

Vertical Handovers

802.21 uses multiple services to Optimize Vertical Handovers

802.21 MIH Function

Protocol and Device Hardware

Applications (VoIP/RTP)

Connection Management

WLAN Cellular WMAN

L2 Triggers and Events

Information Service

Mobility Management Protocols

Smart Triggers

Information Service

Handover Messages

Handover Management

Handover Policy

Handover Messages IE

EE

80

2.2

1IE

TF

802.21 Overview

http://ieee802.org/21/

3GPP Perspective

Inter-working Model

Simplified Reference Model

UE

WLAN Access Control

WLAN system

AP WLAN

Access Authentication Charging

M

WLAN Access Control

WLAN system

AP WLAN

Access Authentication Charging

.

3GPP System 3GPP System

3GPP System

PS Domain

UE

Node - B/BTS

HLR Access Authentication Charging Encryption Mobility

3GPP PS Services (e.g. IMS)

PSTN

1 .

N

External IP Networks

WLAN Access Control

WLAN system

AP WLAN

Access Authentication Charging

.

CS Domain

WLAN Access Control

WLAN system

AP WLAN

Access Authentication Charging

2

WLAN Access Control

WLAN system

AP

Access Authentication Charging Mobility

1

UTRAN/GERAN

3GPP Billing System

3GPP Billing System

3GPP Billing System

WLAN

UE UE

WLAN Access Control

WLAN system

AP WLAN

Access Authentication Charging

M

WLAN Access Control

WLAN system

AP WLAN WLAN

Access Authentication Charging

M

WLAN Access Control

WLAN system

AP WLAN

Access Authentication Charging

.

WLAN Access Control

WLAN system

AP WLAN WLAN

Access Authentication Charging

.

3GPP System 3GPP System

3GPP System

PS Domain

UE UE

Node - B/BTS

HLR Access Authentication Charging Encryption Mobility

3GPP PS Services (e.g. IMS)

PSTN

1 .

N

External IP Networks

WLAN Access Control

WLAN system

AP WLAN

Access Authentication Charging

.

WLAN Access Control

WLAN system

AP WLAN WLAN

Access Authentication Charging

.

CS Domain

WLAN Access Control

WLAN system

AP WLAN

Access Authentication Charging

2

WLAN Access Control

WLAN

AP WLAN WLAN

Access Authentication Charging

2

WLAN Access Control

WLAN

AP

Access Authentication Charging Mobility

1

UTRAN/GERAN

3GPP Billing System

3GPP Billing System

3GPP Billing System

3GPP Billing System

3GPP Billing System

3GPP Billing System

Network

6 ScenariosScenarios:

Service and operational

Capabilities:

Scenario 1:

Common

Billing and

Customer

Care

Scenario 2:

3GPP

system

based

Access

Control and

Charging

Scenario 3:

Access to

3GPP

system PS

based

services

Scenario 4:

Service

continuity

Scenario

5:

Seamless

services

Scenario 6:

Access to

3GPP

system CS

based

Services

Common billing

X X X X X X

Common customer care

X X X X X X

3GPP system based

Access Control

X X X X X

3GPP system based

Access Charging

X X X X X

6 Scenarios (Cont.)

Access to 3GPP system

PS based services from

WLAN

X X X X

Service Continuity

X X X

Seamless Service

Continuity

X X

Access to 3GPP system

CS based Services with

seamless mobility

X

3G services over WLAN

• SMS• MMS • Presence• IMS• LCS• MBMS• MexE• OSA• UE Management (UEM)

Simplified WLAN Network Model

3GPP Network

WLAN UE

WLAN Access Network (with or without an

intermediate network)

3GPP AAA Server Packet

Data GW

3GPP PS services

(including access to internet)

Intranet / Internet

WLAN 3GPP IP Access

Network Advertising and Selection Scenario

3GPP Home Network

WLAN AN

UE

3GPP Visited Network #1

3GPP Visited Network #2

3GPP Visited Network #n

Network Advertising and Selection Scenario (Cont.)

3GPP Home Network

WLAN AN#1

UE

3GPP Visited Network #1

3GPP Visited Network #2

3GPP Visited Network #n

WLAN AN#2 WLAN AN#n

Non-roaming reference model

WLAN 3GPP IP Access

3GPP Home Network

WLAN Access Network

WLANUE

Ww

HSS HLR

OfflineChargingSystem

OCSWa

Wn

Wx

D' / Gr'

Wf

Wo

Wi

Intranet / Internet

Wm

WAG Wp PDG

Wg

Wu

Dw

SLF

3GPP AAAServer

Wy

Wz

Roaming reference model

Ww

3GPP Home Network

WLAN Access Network

WLANUE

Packet DataGateway

HSS

HLR

OfflineChargingSystem

OCS

D' / Gr'

Wf

Wo

Intranet / Internet

3GPP Visited Network

3GPP AAAProxy

OfflineChargingSystem

WAGWn

WaWf

Wd

Wp

WmW

i

Wx

WL

AN

3G

PP

IP

Acc

ess

Wg

Wu

Dw

3GPP AAAServer

SLF

Wy

Wz

Roaming reference model (Cont.)

Ww

3GPP Home Network

WLAN Access Network

WLANUE

3GPP AAAServerHSS

HLR

OfflineChargingSystem

OCS

D' / Gr'

Wf Wo

Intranet / Internet

3GPP Visited Network

3GPP AAAProxy

OfflineChargingSystem

Packet DataGatewayWAG

Wn Wp

Wa

Wi

Wf

Wd

Wx

Wg

Wu WLAN 3GPPIP Access

DwSLF

Wm

Wz

Protocol stack between the WLAN UE and PDG

L2/L1

TransportIP

Tunnelinglayer

WLANUE

WLAN AN WAG PDG

L2/L1

TransportIP

L2/L1

TransportIP

L2/L1 L2/L1 L2/L1

TransportIP

Remote IP

L2/L1Transport

IPTransport

IP

Remote IP

Tunnelinglayer

I-WLAN and VPLMN Selection Procedure

WLAN UE WLAN AN

1. WLAN AN connection establishment

2. Start Access Authentication with a NAI

3. VPLMN advertisement

4. Access Authentication procedure

3GPP AAAServer/Proxy

WLAN Access Authentication and AuthorizationWLAN UE WLAN AN

3GPP AAAServer

HSS/HLR WAG

1. WLAN Connection Setup

2. Necessary amount of EAP Request & EAP Response message exchanges between UE and 3GPP AAA Server as specified in the utilised EAP type

3. Authentication Info retrieval from HSS if info not yet available in 3GPP AAA server

4. Subscriber profile retrieval from HSS if info not yet available in this 3GPP AAA server

5. Policy enforcement info delivery

6. Access Accept

7. EAP/Success

9. Validate the new session

10. WLAN Registration to HSS if WLAN user not yet registered to this 3GPP AAA Server

[keying material andauthorisation informationwithin message]

8. Accounting Start

WLAN Session Authentication and Authorization

WLAN 3GPP AAA Proxy 3GPP AAA Server

(EAP Response/Identity(NAI))

2. Wd: Access_Request

(EAP Response/Identity(NAI))

3. Wd:Access_Challenge (EAP Request)

4. Wa: Access_Challenge (EAP Request)

5. Wa: Access_Request (EAP Response)

6.Wd: Access_Request (EAP Response)

2N Wd: Access_Accept

(EAP Success, Authorization Info, Session Keying Material)

2N Wa: Access_Accept

(EAP Success, Authorization Info, Session Keying Material)

EAP authentication is initiated between UE

and WLAN

1. Wa: Access_Request

EAP/AKA Procedure

3. EAP Response/Identity [NAI based on a pseudonym or IMSI]

13. EAP Request/AKA-Challenge [RAND, AUTN, MAC, Protected { pseudonym, Next re-auth id }, Resul t ind ]

16. EAP Response/AKA-Challenge [RES, M AC, Resu lt ind]

23. EAP Success + keying material

24. EAP Success

2 . EAP Request/Identity

5 . EAP Response/Identity [NAI based on a pseudonym or IMSI]

14. EAP R equest/AKA-Challenge

15.

17. EAP Response/AKA-Challenge [RES, MAC, Res ult ind]

18.

11.

12.

7 . EAP R equest/AKA- Identity [Any identity]

8. EAP Request/AKA-Identity [Any identity]

9. EAP Response/AKA-Identity [Identity]

10. EAP Response/AKA-Identity [Identity]

1 9. EAP-Request/AKA-Noti fication

20. EAP-Request/AKA-Notifica tion

21. EAP -Request/AKA-Notification

UE WLAN AN

3GPP AAA-serv

HSS/ HLR

1.

6.

4.

[RAND, AUTN, MAC, Protected pseudonym, Next re-auth id, Result ind ]

[Seccess notification]

[Seccess notifica tion]

22. EAP-Request/AKA-Notification

25.

3. EAP Response/Identity [NAI based on a pseudonym or IMSI]

13. EAP Request/AKA-Challenge [RAND, AUTN, MAC, Protected { pseudonym, Next re-auth id }, Resul t ind ]

16. EAP Response/AKA-Challenge [RES, M AC, Resu lt ind]

23. EAP Success + keying material

24. EAP Success

2 . EAP Request/Identity

5 . EAP Response/Identity [NAI based on a pseudonym or IMSI]

14. EAP R equest/AKA-Challenge

15.

17. EAP Response/AKA-Challenge [RES, MAC, Res ult ind]

18.

11.

12.

7 . EAP R equest/AKA- Identity [Any identity]

8. EAP Request/AKA-Identity [Any identity]

9. EAP Response/AKA-Identity [Identity]

10. EAP Response/AKA-Identity [Identity]

1 9. EAP-Request/AKA-Noti fication

20. EAP-Request/AKA-Notifica tion

21. EAP -Request/AKA-Notification

UE WLAN AN

3GPP AAA-serv

HSS/ HLR

1.

6.

4.

[RAND, AUTN, MAC, Protected pseudonym, Next re-auth id, Result ind ]

[Seccess notification]

[Seccess notifica tion]

22. EAP-Request/AKA-Notification

25.

EAP/AKA Procedure

EAP/SIM Procedure

AN AAA HLR

10.

25

AN AAA HLR

10.

24

AN AAA HLR

22. EAP Success + keying material

10.

18. EAP Request/SIM/Notification [Success notification]

25

8. EAP Response/SIM-Start [Identity, NONCE_MT]

7. EAP Request/SIM-Start [Any identity]

6. EAP Request/SIM Start [Any identity]

5. EAP Response/Identity [NAI based on a pseudonym or IMSI]

UE WLAN

AN 3GPP

AAA-serv HSS/ HLR

3. EAP Response/Identity [NAI based on a pseudonym or IMSI]

12. EAP Request/SIM-Challenge [RAND, MAC, Protected { pseudonym, Next re-auth id }, Result ind]

15. EAP Response/SIM-Challenge [MAC, Result ind]

2. EAP Request/Identity

10.

1.

4.

14.

17.

11.

24.

20. EAP Response/SIM/Notification

9. EAP Response/SIM-Start [Identity, NONCE_MT]

13. EAP Request/SIM-Challenge [RAND, MAC, Protected pseudonym, Next re-auth id, Result ind]

16. EAP Response/SIM-Challenge [MAC, Result ind]

19. EAP Request/SIM/Notification [Success notification]

21. EAP Response/SIM/Notification

23. EAP Success

AN AAA HLR

10.

25

AN AAA HLR

10.

24

AN AAA HLR

22. EAP Success + keying material

10.

18. EAP Request/SIM/Notification [Success notification]

25

8. EAP Response/SIM-Start [Identity, NONCE_MT]

7. EAP Request/SIM-Start [Any identity]

6. EAP Request/SIM Start [Any identity]

5. EAP Response/Identity [NAI based on a pseudonym or IMSI]

UE WLAN

AN 3GPP

AAA-serv HSS/ HLR

3. EAP Response/Identity [NAI based on a pseudonym or IMSI]

12. EAP Request/SIM-Challenge [RAND, MAC, Protected { pseudonym, Next re-auth id }, Result ind]

15. EAP Response/SIM-Challenge [MAC, Result ind]

2. EAP Request/Identity

10.

1.

4.

14.

17.

11.

24.

20. EAP Response/SIM/Notification

9. EAP Response/SIM-Start [Identity, NONCE_MT]

13. EAP Request/SIM-Challenge [RAND, MAC, Protected pseudonym, Next re-auth id, Result ind]

16. EAP Response/SIM-Challenge [MAC, Result ind]

19. EAP Request/SIM/Notification [Success notification]

21. EAP Response/SIM/Notification

23. EAP Success

EAP/SIM Procedure

EAP AKA fast re-authentication

UE WLAN AN

3GPP AAA - serv

HSS/ HLR

2. EAP Response/Identity [Re - auth. id]

4. EAP R equest /AKA - Reauthentication [Counter, NONCE, MAC, Protected Next re auth. Id, Result ind ]

6. EAP Response/AKA - Reauthentication

1. EAP Request/Identity

3. EAP Response/Identity [Re - auth. id]

5. EAP R equest /AKA - Reauthentication [Counter, NONCE, MAC, Next re - auth. Id, Result ind ]

7. EAP Response/AKA - Reauthentication

UE WLAN AN

3GPP AAA - serv

HSS/ HLR

-

4. EAP R equest /AKA - Reauthentication

6. EAP Response/AKA - Reauthentication [Counter, MAC, Result ind ]

[Re -

5. EAP R equest /AKA - Reauthentication -

7. EAP Response/AKA - Reauthentication [Counter, MAC, Result ind ]

13. EAP Success

8. EAP - Request/AKA - Notification [ Success notification , Counter ] 9. EAP - Request/AKA - Notification

[ Success notification , Counter ]

10. EAP - Response/AKA - Notification

11. EAP - Response/AKA - Notification

UE WLAN AN

3GPP AAA - serv

HSS/ HLR

2. EAP Response/Identity [Re - auth. id]

4. EAP R equest /AKA - Reauthentication auth. Id, Result ind ]

6. EAP Response/AKA - Reauthentication

1. EAP Request/Identity

3. EAP Response/Identity [Re - auth. id]

5. EAP R equest /AKA - Reauthentication [Counter, NONCE, MAC, Next re - auth. Id, Result ind ]

7. EAP Response/AKA - Reauthentication

UE WLAN AN

3GPP AAA - serv

HSS/ HLR

-

4. EAP R equest /AKA - Reauthentication

6. EAP Response/AKA - Reauthentication [Counter, MAC, Result ind ]

12. EAP Success + keying material

[Re -

5. EAP R equest /AKA - Reauthentication -

7. EAP Response/AKA - Reauthentication [Counter, MAC, Result ind ]

13. EAP Success

8. EAP - Request/AKA - Notification [ Success notification , Counter ] 9. EAP - Request/AKA - Notification

[ Success notification , Counter ]

10. EAP - Response/AKA - Notification

11. EAP - Response/AKA - Notification

EAP SIM Fast re-authentication UE WLAN

AN 3GPP

AAA - serv

2. EAP Response/Identity [Re - auth. id]

4. EAP R equest /SIM/Re - authentication [Counter, NONCE, MAC, Protected Next re - auth. Id, Result ind ]

6. EAP Response/SIM/Re - authentication [Counter, MAC, Result ind ]

1. EAP Request/Identity

3. EAP Response/Identity [Re - auth. id]

5. EAP R equest /SIM/Re - authentication [Counter, NONCE, MAC, Next re - auth. Id, Result ind ]

7. EAP Response/SIM/Re - authentication [Counter, MAC, Result ind ]

13. EAP Success

8. EAP - Request/SIM/Notification [ Success notification , Counter ]

9. EAP - Request/SIM/Notification [ Success notification , Counter ]

10. EAP - Response/SIM/Notification 11. EAP - Response/SIM/Notification

UE WLAN AN

3GPP AAA - serv

2. EAP Response/Identity [Re - auth. id]

4. EAP R equest /SIM/Re - authentication - auth. Id, Result ind ]

6. EAP Response/SIM/Re - authentication [Counter, MAC, Result ind ]

12. EAP Success + keying material

1. EAP Request/Identity

3. EAP Response/Identity [Re - auth. id]

5. EAP R equest /SIM/Re - authentication [Counter, NONCE, MAC, Next re - auth. Id, Result ind ]

7. EAP Response/SIM/Re - authentication [Counter, MAC, Result ind ]

13. EAP Success

8. EAP - Request/SIM/Notification [ Success notification , Counter ]

9. EAP - Request/SIM/Notification [ Success notification , Counter ]

10. EAP - Response/SIM/Notification 11. EAP - Response/SIM/Notification

Subscriber Profile Update

WLAN UE WLAN AN3GPP AAA

Server HSS

1. User is registered to a 3GPP AAA server

2. User subscription is modified in HSS

3. Wx "Subscriber Profile" procedure

4. Access authorisation information is updated to the WLAN

Access and service Authorization information update procedure

WLAN AN WAG HSS

1. User is registered to a 3GPP AAA server

2. User’s service subscription is modified

in HSS

3. Wx "Subscriber Profile" procedure

PDG

4. Access authorisation information is updated to the WLAN

5. ServiceAuthorisation info isupdated to the PDGs

3GPP AAAServer

6. Filtering policy information update to WAG

W-APN resolution and Tunnel establishment

WLAN UE WLAN AN WAG3GPP AAA

Server/ProxyVisited PDG

3GPP AAAServer

Home PDG

1. WLAN Access Authentication and Authorization and WLAN UE local IP address allocation

2. W-APN resolution and tunnel establishment to PDG in Visited PLMN

2.1 DNS query:

2.2 End-to-end tunnel establishment

2.3 RetrievingAuthentication

andAuthorization

data

2.4 Tunnel packet flow filter exchange

3. W-APN resolution and tunnel establishment to PDG in Home PLMN

3.1 DNS query:

3.2 End-to-end tunnel establishment3.3 RetrievingAuthentication

andAuthorization

data3.4 Tunnel packet flow filter exchange

WLAN shared by multiple ISPs and PLMNs

WAGWLAN Access

NetworkUE PDG Internet

Wn

PLMN

Wi

Site to sitelayer 2 tunnel

Other ISPs orPLMNs

Traffic routing based on the use of VLANs in the WLAN AN

UE1

UE2

UE3

AP1

AP2

VLAN1

VLAN2

BR1

BR1

VPLMN1

WLAN AN

HPLMN

PDGVPLMN2

Inter-PLMN

network

Routing advertisement with PDG address or prefix

Applies firewall rules/policies to block traffic to e.g. GSNs.

Traffic from UE3 placed onto VLAN2 and routed via BR2, VPLMN2 to the same PDG

Traffic from UE1 placed onto VLAN2 and routed via BR1, VPLMN1 to the PDG

INTERNET

DNS controlled reverse NAT procedure

3. Get IP addr, local DNS serverand default router

Local WLANName Server

WLANUE

DHCP ServerWAG (NameServer/NAT)

HPLMN NameServer

AAA Server

4. DNS request for W-APN FQDN

AP

2. VPLMNselection

5. Forward requestto VPLMN name

server

6. Forward requestto HPLMN name

server

7. Resolve W-APN FQDN

8. Respond withaddress record of

W-APN

10. Respond withaddress record

11. Respond with address record

Operator Roaming NetworkRouting to/from WAG based on address prefixallocated to WAG

12. WLAN UE establishes tunnel to address contained in address record,which is changed in WAG

1. EAP based WLAN access authentication

9. Change address in record to anaddress hosted by the WAG and store

this mapping

WLAN AN connected to a single ISP

WAGWLANAccess

NetworkUE PDG Internet

Wn

PLMN

Wi

Layer 3connectivity

ISP back born network

Accessrouter

Layer 2connection

Internet

Architecture for support of SMS

SM-SC

GMSC / SMS-IWMSC

IP-SM-GW

HSS / (HLR)/ HSS

UE UE

SME

MSC

C

E E’ or Gd’

SGSN

Gd

??

SMS delivery to IP terminal

SMS-GMSC SM-SC HLR/HSS IP-SM-GW UE

1 Message transfer

2 Send routing msg for short message

3 Forward short message

5 Message transfer

6 Delivery report

7 SM delivery report status

8 Delivery report

4a SMS Notification Request

4b Notification Acknowledgement

SMS origination from IP terminal

SMS-IWMSC SM-SC HLR/HSS IP-SM-GW WLAN-UE

1 Message transfer

4 Delivery report

2 Forward short message transfer

3 Message transfer

5 Delivery report 6 Delivery report

Complete SMS call flow with WLAN interworking

SMS-IWMSC SM-SC HLR/HSS IP-SM-GW

WLAN-UE

3 Message transfer

6 Delivery report

4 Forward short message transfer

5 Message transfer

7 Delivery report 8 Delivery report

PDG

1 Tunnel establishment

2 Registration to IP-SM-Gateway

PDG implementation re-using GGSN functionality

Tunnel

Termination Gateway

Subset of GGSN

functions

PDG

Gn’ Gi / Wi Wp

Wu

Wm

Mapping between E2E tunnel and GTP tunnel

DHCP

Application Servers

WLAN UE

3GPP PS Services

Gn Radius PDG

Application Servers

WLAN UE

GGSN Wu Gi DHCP DHCP

Application Servers

WLAN UE

3GPP PS Services

Gn’ Radius Radius TTG

Application Servers

WLAN UE

GGSN subset Gi / Wi

between each end tunnel and a corresponding GTP tunnel.

One - to - one mapping between each end - to - end

tunnel and a corresponding GTP tunnel.

PDG

Tunnel establishment procedure

UE WLAN AN WAG 3GPP AAA

Proxy/Server TTG

WLAN Access Authentication and Authorication and WLAN UE local IP address allocation

GGSN

1. E2E Tunnel establishment request

DNS Query

2. Retrieving authentication

and authorization data

3. Create PDP context request

3. Create PDP context response 4. E2E Tunnel establishment ack

5. Apply packet filter policy to the WAG

Non Roaming Reference Model

WLAN 3GPP IP Access

3GPP Home Network

WLANAccessNetwork

WLANUE

HSS HLR

CDF

OCSWa

Wn

Wf

Wi

Intranet / Internet

Wm

WAG PDG

Wu

SLF

3GPP AAAServer

Ww

Wp

Wg

Dw

Wx

D' /

Gr'

Wz

Wo

Wy

CGF

Roaming reference model

Ww

3GPP Home Network

WLAN Access Network

WLANUE

Packet DataGateway

HSS

HLR

CDFOCS

D' / G

r'

WfW

o

Intranet / Internet

3GPP Visited Network

3GPP AAAProxy

CDF

WAGWn

Wf

Wd

Wp

Wm

Wi

Wx

WLA

N 3

GP

P I

P A

cces

s

Wu

Dw

3GPP AAAServer

SLF

Wz

Wy

Wa

Wg

CGF

Roaming reference model

Ww

3GPP Home Network

WLANAccessNetwork

WLANUE

3GPP AAA Server

HSS

HLRCDFOCS

D' / Gr'

Wf

Intranet / Internet

3GPP Visited Network

CDF

PacketData

Gateway

WAG

Wn

Wx

WuWLAN 3GPP IP Access

Dw SLF

Wa

Wp

Wf

Wi W

d

Wg

Wo

CGFWz

3GPP AAAProxy

WLAN offline charging architecture

CDF

Billing Domain

Wz

Ga

Bw

3GPP Home Network

WLAN Access Network

Wa

CGF

OFFLINE CHARGINGOFFLINE CHARGINGOFFLINE CHARGINGOFFLINE CHARGING

PDG

3GPP AAA Server

Billing Domain

Wz

Ga

Bw

3GPP Visited Network

WLAN Access Network

Wa

OFFLINE CHARGINGOFFLINE CHARGINGOFFLINE CHARGINGOFFLINE CHARGING

PDG

3GPP AAA Server

Wd

Wf

Wf

CGF CDF

WLAN online charging architecture 3GPP Home Network

WLAN Access Network

WLAN Access Network

ONLINE CHARGING ONLINE CHARGING ONLINE CHARGING ONLINE CHARGING

PDG

3GPP AAA Server

3GPP AAA Proxy

OCS

3GPP Visited Network Wd

Wy

Wo

Offline Charging Accounting Requests

AAA Proxy

UEAccessDevice

HomeCDFTranslatio

n AgentRadiusServer

AAA Server

OptionalTranslati

onAgent

Visited CDF

Acct. Request Acct. Request

Acct.Response

Acct. Request

Acct.ResponseAcct.Response

Wa: RadiusWd: Diameter

or RadiusWf: Diameter

Wf: Diameter

WLAN AN 3GPP Visited Network 3GPP Home Network

Radius /Diameter

Server

Online Charging AA-Requests

AAA ServerAAA Proxy

UEAccessDevice

DiameterEAP

basedApplicatio

n

AA Request AA Request

AA Response

CCA Request

CCA ResponseAA Response

Wa: RadiusWd: Diameter Wo: Diameter

WLAN AN 3GPP Visited Network 3GPP Home Network

DiameterCreditControl

Application

DiameterEAP

basedApplicatio

n

RadiusServer

HomeOCS

Charging Procedure for Online Charged Subscribers

UE WLAN 3GPP AAA server

OCS

1. WLAN User is Authenticated and user profile downloaded Into 3GPP AAA server

5. WLAN AN monitors quota consumplion

CGw/CC F

3. Credit is returned as time or volume quota

4. Quota is reported to WLAN AN as a part of authentication procedure

6. WLAN AN issues re-authentication upon quota exhaustion and reports the quota usage

8. Credit is returned as time or volume quota

9. Quota is reported to WLAN AN as a part of re-authentication procedure

10. User disconnects

11. WLAN AN reports the used quota 12. User account is credited /

debited accordingly

2. 3GPP AAA server requests credit from OCS over Wo reference point as a part of authorisation

7. 3GPP AAA server requests credit from OCS over Wo reference point as a part of re-authorisation

Unlicensed Mobile Access (UMA)

UMA Briefing• Provides access to GSM and GPRS mobile services over

unlicensed spectrum technologies, including Bluetooth and 802.11

• Service providers can enable subscribers to roam and handover between cellular networks and public and private unlicensed wireless networks using dual-mode mobile handsets

• With UMA, subscribers receive a consistent user experience for their mobile voice and data services as they transition between networks

• Open specifications (3GPP standards), June 19, 2005

UMA Participating Companies • Alcatel • British Telecom • Cingular • Ericsson • Kineto Wireless • Motorola • Nokia • Nortel Networks • O2 • Research in Motion• Rogers Wireless • Siemens • Sony Ericsson • T-Mobile US

UMA Architecture

UMA Functional Architecture

3G Reference Model

UMAN

UMA Functional Architecture

Up Signaling Protocol Architecture for CS Domain

Up interface L1/L2 options

MS CS domain Signaling Architecture

Up GSM Speech Bearer Protocol Architecture

MS Architecture to support Speech

Up GPRS Signaling Architecture

MS GPRS Architecture

Up GPRS User Plane Protocol Architecture

UMA Security Mechanisms

Discovery & Registration

EAP-SIM authentication

procedure

Mobile Originated Speech Call

Mobile Terminated Speech Call

Handover to UMAN

Handover to GERAN

Triggering of UL Quality Indication

Activation of URLC Transport Channel

URLC state

NW Initiated URLC Transport Channel Activation

User Plane Data Transport

Signalling Plane Data Transport

Packet Paging for GPRS

Packet Paging for CS Service

Downlink Flow Control

Uplink Flow Control

UMA to UMA handover

Session Management

3GPP2 Perspectives

Interworking model

3GPP2 Architecture

Intra PDSN Handover

Inter PDSN Handover

Reference model for WLAN Interworking Scenario 3

Broker Network(0 or more)

Database

4 2 optional

6

2 B-AAAV-AAA

PDIF

H-AAA HLR/AC

Serving cdma2000 Network

Home cdma2000 Network

Packet Data Services(including internet)

7

1

WLAN

5

3 Internet

Reference model for WLAN Interworking Scenario 4

WLAN

Broker Network(0 or more)

Database

4 2 optional

5

9

2

8

B-AAAV-AAA

HA

H-AAA HLR/AC

PDIF

Serving cdma2000 Network

3 Internet

Home cdma2000 Network

10 Packet Data

Services(including internet)

6

802.21 Perspectives

IEEE 802.21 Briefing

• IEEE 802.21 is developing standards to enable handover and interoperability between heterogeneous network types including both 802 and non 802 networks

MIH Function Location and Key Services

802.21 Logical Reference Model

General MIH Reference Model

MIH Reference Model for 802.11

MIH Reference Model for 802.16

MIH Reference Model for 3GPP

MIH Reference Model for 3GPP2

MIH Reference Model for Multimode

MIH Interface

Link Events

Remote Link Events

Remote MIH Events

Remote Link Events

Remote MIH Events

WiMAX Forum Perspectives

WiMAX-3GPP Interworking (Non-Roaming Case)

Loosely-Coupled Interworking of WiMAX with 3GPP2

DSL Reference Architecture

WiMAX IEEE 802.16 FWA Deployment in a DSL Network

WiMAX Integration with DSL Services

WiMAX Integration with DSL Access Networks

異質無線網路整合與漫遊技術與實驗平台介紹

1 Introduction to heterogeneous wireless network integration, inter-working, roaming, and handover

1.1 Motivations1.2 Categories of integration and inter-working1.3 Categories of roaming1.4 Categories of handover (hard, soft, softer, vertical, horizontal, …)1.5 System architecture overview1.6 Technologies overview2 System architectures of heterogeneous wireless network integration and inter-working2.1 FMC/NGN model2.2 IETF model2.3 3GPP model2.4 3GPP2 model2.5 WiMAX Forum model2.6 IEEE model3 Application-layer technologies for roaming and seamless handovers3.1 AAA roaming issues3.2 SIP mobility

4 Network layer technologies for seamless handovers4.1 IETF model4.1.1 Mobile IPv44.1.2 Mobile IPv64.1.3 Advanced Mobile IP technologies (Handover optimization)4.1.4 SCTP4.1.5 Multi-homing 4.1.6 IETF WGs and activities for heterogeneous wireless network integration and handover4.2 3GPP2 model4.2.1 3GPP2-WLAN integration4.3 3GPP model4.3.1 3GPP-WLAN integration4.4 WiMAX forum model4.4.1 WiMAX-3GPP integration5 Medium access layer technologies for seamless handovers5.1 3GPP UMA(Unlicensed Mobile Access)5.2 IEEE 802.21 media independent handover (MIH)6 Performance evaluation for heterogeneous wireless network integration and handover6.1 Modeling technologies6.2 Simulation technologies6.3 Simulation platforms and tools

6.4 Simulation results and performance analysis for heterogeneous wireless network integration and handover

Experimental Environment

Tested dual mode handset

Shielding Box

Access point

Access point

GPRS Base station

GPRS Network

External antenna

Control and Measurement PC

Internet

SIP Proxy

Programmable attenuator

Splitter

Lab 1 Observe the behaviors of heterogeneous wireless network roaming

　 Students learn how heterogeneous wireless network handover occurs, how to use these tools, and can observe handover in a lab environment.

　 Roaming and AAALab 2 SIP mobility

　Based on the experimental environment setup in Lab 1. Students install SIP package on the portable device with multiple interface. Students can exercise the SIP mobility and evaluate its performance.

Lab 3 Mobile IP Lab

　Based on the experimental environment setup in Lab 1. Students install Mobile IP package on the portable device with multiple interface. Students can exercise the Mobile IP and evaluate its performance.

Lab 4 IEEE 802.11 Lab

　 Based on the experimental environment setup in Lab 1. Students can exercise WLAN handover and evaluate its performance.

Lab Architecture

Lab Setup

Thank you