(analysis of variance) ,k(k3) :

knnk6.16.1 nk

( yiji=12kj=1,2n)1y11y12y1jy1nT12y21y22y2jy2nT2iyi1yi2yijyinTikyk1yk2ykjyknTk

6.1nkv = nk1SST61C (62) i

(61): 63 =()+ k v =k1 , SSt v =n1 k v = k (n1) , SSe (65) 64

6.1(66) DFT =DFt +DFe :(67)

[6.1] ABCD 4A4(cm)6.2 6.2 (cm) (66) DFT=(nk1)=(44)1=15 DFt=(k1)=41=3 DFe=k(n1)=4(41)=12

Ti A18 21 20 137218B20 24 26 229223C10 15 17 145614D28 27 29 3211629T=336 =21

(63)

A B

C

D

FF s12 s22 s12 s22 F68Fs12 v1 s22 v2 F v1 v2 F F

F1 =12[0]3 v1 v2 v1=1 v1=2FJ v13(6.1)6.1 Fv1v2

F(1)yN( )(2) s12 s22 F F0.05H0

[6.2] 310 s12 =1.6211395 s22 =0.1353139 H0139 =0.05v1=9v2 =4F0.05 =6.00 : F =1.621/0.135=12.01 F>F0.05P

[6.3] 6.1st2=168.00se2=8.17 v1=3v2=12 =0.05 F0.05=3.49 F =168.00/8.17=20.56 5 v1 =3v2=12 F0.05 =3.49F0.01=5.95F>F0.01>F0.05

6.16.36.36.3

DFSSMSFF 3504168.0020.56F 0.05(3,12) = 3.49 ()12 98 8.17F 0.01(3,12) =5.9515602

multiple comparisonskk(k1)/2 ( q) Duncan

(least significant differenceLSD) t 1F 2( )

|t| (69)n se2 MSe(69) (610)

[6.4] LSD6.2 (6.3)F=20.56MSe=8.17DFe=12 4v =12t0.05 =2.179t0.01=3.055 LSD0.05 =2.1792.02=4.40(cm) LSD0.01=3.0552.02=6.17(cm) 4.40cm6.17cm

q qStudent-Newman-KeulSNKNK qk q

q(611) (612) 2pkp() SEk1

[6.5] 6.2q 6.1 7 qDF=12p=234 (611) 6.46.4 6.2 (q)

pq0.05q0.01LSR0.05LSR0.0123.084.324.406.1833.775.045.397.2144.205.506.017.87

6.2, =29cm =23cm, =18cm =14cm----

p=2 =6(cm)5 =5(cm)5 =4(cm)p=3 =11(cm)1 =9(cm)1p=4 =15(cm)1

D.B. Duncan(1955)p( shortest significant rangesSSR ) 613 p p

[6.6] 6.2 =29cm =23cm =18cm =14cm MSe=8.17 8(613)p=234(6.5)p6.5 6.2LSR()

pSSR0.05SSR0.01LSR0.05LSR0.0123.084.324.406.1833.234.554.626.5143.334.684.766.69

p=2 =6(cm) 5 =5(cm) 5 =4(cm) p=3 =11(cm) 1 =9(cm) 1p=4 =15(cm)1 6.24ACqq

() () ()

=0.05* =0.01*, =0.056.6()

6.6 6.2()

( ) 14 18 23D2915**11**6*B239**5*A184C14

() 12k16.20.01(q)

29cm(D)23cm(B)18cm(A)14cm(C)

() 1 2aab() 3bb() bbc

4 5

=0.05 =0.01

16.7a 2 b 3 c 4 c 416.7[6.7] 6.6

6.7 6.2() 6.7ACDBAC =0.05BADBACDACBC

(cm)0.050.01D29 a AB23 b ABA18 c BCC14 c C

1 2H0H0

1 2F 3

6.13()6 (1)() (2)() (3)()

3 (1) (additivity) (638)

:

6.37(). 6.37

(lg10)121212A102010201.001.30B304030601.481.78

(2) normality . Fkk pp(1p)/n

(3)(homogeneity) N(0 ) ( ) ( )

1 2 3

( square root transformation ) poisson y 1

( logarithmic transformation ) ylg y. 10lg(y+1)

(arcsine transformation) pp0.7p 12p

[6.15] 2 1 2 3 466.38

6.38 (p)

123%979182857877957772645668937875766371706866495564

6.38p70%126.38p6.39 6.39 ( )

12380.077.174.756.872.561.362.055.664.958.160.054.367.253.160.744.462.048.452.547.961.355.657.453.1407.9353.6367.3312.168.058.961.252.0

6.39n6.40 6.40 6.39 LSD 6.41

DFSSMSFF0.05 3 780.48 260.164.573.10 20 1139.58 56.98 23 1920.06

6.41 36.414(1)12.7%(2)9.2%(3)23.9%

(%) 68.086.0(1)58.99.1*73.3(2)61.26.876.8(3)52.016.0*62.1