5: electromagnetic waveX

6.1

(homogeneous)()( )isotropic( )

5 6-1 6-2 xy6-1

xy6-1 6-3 6-4 : z (z): z(z) , z(traveling wave

6-5 6-6 : 6-7

6-8 wave impedanceintrinsic impedance free space 6-8 6-9 6-86-6

6-8 6.1.2 (1)EH Transverse Electro-Magnetic waveTEM (2)EH 6-9

(3) 6-7 6-10 (plane of constant phase) plane wavexy uniform plane wave

6-16-10 phase speed const

=0 6-11

6-11 6-12 kwave-numberkz kk(phase constant)

k (4) (6-7)(6-8) (6-13) (5) :

6-14 T

6-2 6-136-146-15

(6) 6-16a 6-16b 6-16c 6-16d

6.2 ()

(6-17a)

(6-17b)

(6-17c) (6-17d)

5 (6-17e) 6-17d 6-18 6-19a 6-19b

: (). 6-17

6-20a

6-20c

6-20d 6-20bpropagation constant6-20TEM

6-20c

6-21a 6-21b x

6-22a

6-22b

6-23a

1dBNp (dB) 6-24a

6-22c6-23battenuationconstant

(Np) 6-24b 1Np 1Np8.686dB/(Np/m)/(dB/m) 26-23 6-25 phase constant

k

(3)6-26a6-26b

6-4

(4) 6-27

915MHz2450MHz5800MHz22125MHz915MHz2450MHz(5)

6-28a

6-28b

: (6)

6-26

6-29

7 6-30a

6-30b

6-30c

=5.8107 S/m=6.15107 S/m 16-21 6-20d 6-31a 6-31b 6-31c

2 6-32vpvp106Hzvp=415m/sn 6-33

107skin effectdepth of penetration36.8% 6-34

6-150Hz464kHz10GHz6-34mm

m

m

,)

6-250Hz105HzS/m 105Hz

m m

6-31c 3

6-5 z ( 6-5)

x 6-35surface resistivity

6-36

6-37

6-5z H0

W/m2 6-38 6-5L 6-39

a 6-40a 6-40b

Q 1 (dispersive):

2 v,c 1 t ,

,2

EnvelopeGroupVelocity6-41

6-41 3

6-42

6.3

zxyxy 6-43 6-44a 6-44b () ExmEym

polarization

1x6-45

Elinear polarization6-6

2 =E 6-46a

x

z circular polarization right-handed circularly polarized wave left-handed circularly polarized wave6-7 z ,

6-8azz6-8bz

3 6-446-44

6-47 6-9elliptical polarization

,6-44 :

6-6-2

6.4 . 6-10z transmitted wave,reflected wave.

6-10()()zx 6-48a 6-48b x

6-49a 6-49b6-486-49 6-50 6-51a 6-51b6-52a

6-53a 6-53b: nodal point loop point6-52b 6-536-11

standing wave

6-54

6-552

6-56a 6-56b 6-56c

6-10 ( )( )xz x (6-48)(6-49) 6-57a 6-57b

6-58a 6-58breflection coefficient R T

6-58 6-59a 6-59b 6-59c 6-60a 6-60b 6-60c 6-60d

6-60a6-60b6-61a 6-61b 6-12

n=012 6-62a 6-62b 6-62c 6-62d

6-63

: z: standing wave ratio 6-64a 6-64b 6-60a6-60b z6-65a

z 6-65b z z (z

6-31c 6-59a

(6-67)

z 6-76a 6-76b kz=z=z6-15a z 6-77 6-15b

6-78a 6-78b

6-78c 6-78d 6-78e kPropagation Vector 6-78a

z 6-79 z z6 -16AP

,oblique incidenceplane of incidence. parallel polarized wave

1 6-17a xz . 6-80a 6-80b

y 6-80c 6-80d

refracted wave 6-80e 6-80f 6-81 xy 6-82a 6-82b

6-82b6-82b

6-83a 6-83b :

6-82b

6-84 (Snell),

6-82arefraction coefficient 6-85a 6-85b (A. J. Fresnel) 6-85c

2.

6-17b 6-86a 6-86b 6-86c

6-87a 6-87b 6-18 Brewster Angle 6-87a 6-88 6-85a

6-89

1 6-19axz 6-90 6-91a

6-91b

(1)xTransverse Electric waveTEx 6-92 x

(2)zz (3) .y ,,4TE

(4) 6-93 x 6-94 x x (5) 6-95

2 6-19b 6-86 6-96 6-97a 6-97b 6-97c

90o critical angle xzTransverse Magnetic waveTM 6-98

6-896-87a1total reflection