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AssemblyProgramming

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(RAM) : OO(Ram)

:ROM. . / ((BIOS68K 960K . .RAM ROM

. RAM: RAM RAM.() RAM .ROMRAM.

RAM.

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0526H1315 .05

29. :

.

.

.

. 64k

. .

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. . (cs) .64k

.

64k" . ((DS

."

(ss).

.

088EOH 038E 038EOH . .

[038[0.

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) ) 65,535 FFFFH0000H. 01 .00 65535

..DS 038EOH038E[o]H0032H

.

. 03912H

,.

PC : .8086/8088 ( ) nnnn[o] FFFF[o]H o.

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1111 F o.

: 80286 FFFFF[o] .

.

: / 80386/486 . . .

.

SS,DS,CS .

.

o.

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.:CS (Ip)

.cs.:. DS .

. : SS . . ((sp

ss. : ES ES() DI() ES

. :. FS,GS

BP,SP,IP:

IP(IP): IP.CSIP IP. DEBV6 EIP IP.

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514H IP39B4[o] H CS . ,CSIP.

IP CS 39B40H+514H=3A054H .

ss:(... ( BP() SP .

SP: (SP) ss ESP.

.

BP: (BP) .

EBP.

. DX,CX,BX,AX . AX. ALAH

EDX,ECX,EBX,EAX.

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OECX,BX,AX: MOV AX,OO 2/MOV BH,OO 3/MOV ECX,OO / :AX

AX . .

: BXBX ....

.. CX:CX cx

. / DX:DX. AX,DX

.

. :

DI,SI. : SI DSSI

ESI.. : DI

DIES.

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(Flags) flag

.() () OF

. () DF

. () IF

. .() TF FlagDEBVG

. =) 1 = o) () SF

zr=o) () ZF zf=1)

()AF.

. () PF()() CF

.

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Flag.

CF,ZF,SF,OF: Flag . DF

flag .

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. Ilo DOS.

. . :Dos

. : /

.. :

. : .

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.

: .

: CO.MMAND.Com,MSDOS.SysIO.sys :

: IO.sys / / .

IBMBIO.COM. pc-Dos : MSDOS.sys . /

. pc-DosIBMDOS.COM : COMMAND.COM .

.

BooT Process .(Cold boot)CS . IP FFFF[o] H

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FFFFoH CS:IP ROM.

FFFFOH :

. .

40[o]. .

(boot start loader) MSDOS,To.sys To.sys To.sys. DOS DOS .MSDOS.sys ConFIG.sys. COMMAND.COMMSDOS.sys . AUTOEXE.BAT

. 640k

.

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- ROM .

. Dos Llo . Dos --.

.

COM. EXE,COM COM.

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) EXE . ) EXE

: . .EXE

.(266 (PSP .

. PSP. . .PSPES,DS

( .CSLP ).

. .SSSP .

. SS:SP,CS:LP ESDSPSP

. .EXE,COM

. COM .EXE

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SS (). SP . . :

. POP,PUSH

6P .PUSHSP POP SP

. . EXE

. popA,pushA. : popF PushF ()

.

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. . .

. DS cs EXE

IP. .

.

Wordx,DW

Wordx DW o (). MOV CX , Wordx WordxCX

MOV CX, 25 CX MOV CX , DX CXDX MOV CX, [DX] DXCX

. MOV -. -MOV

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-MOV . MOV -DS:DX DS ) DX:

CX ( .

.

. Comment.

ADD , MOV

SEGMENTEND SIZE,FAR

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.Model , Data .

((label:

..MAIN .

MAIN PROC FAIR : .

. ZQZA -

(.) 09 - ($)(@) (-) () -

() () (state ments)

.: .ADD,MOV.

(directives). .

.

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Title,Page Title,Page

. Page : Page

. Page{} {} : Page

. Title: Title

. SAGMENT

. EXE ........

segments , : ENDS.

segment Begin segment ENDS End segment

(align) : : .((combine((class

segment ""

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:. PARA

10H. para.

: public , common , stack .:

. AT Sgment PARA stack

common , poblic

none. ( ) (calss):code . stackdata ()

. PROC

PROC.

ASSVME DS EXESS

CS.

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. ASSVME.

ASSVME ss : :CS:DS

ss ss : .

ASSVMEES ES. :

ES ES:nothing.

ASSVME

. END

ENDPENDS END. .

END [procname]

PROC .

FAR.

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psp EXE

.: -CS.

-sspsp.

.

...MODEL

: large , compact,medium,small,tiny

Tiny * *

small medium compact Large

liny ) comTiny TASM4,MASM6.( 64k.smallmodel 64k64k

Assume.

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stack : {}

Data

code {}Ends segment

(): . txet,data.() text,data,stack

. ds

MOV DS, AX ,MOVS AX , @data EXIT ,Startup

.Exit , MASM .startup..startup INI 21h4chExit

. TASMExitCode,startup code.

: EXE ./. DWDB: ( ).

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. [name] Dn expressino ..

: . nameDW( ) DB: : Dn())DD))DF))DQ))DT) MASM6 .

Tword,Qword,Fword,Dword-22/word-Byte. ((expression .

: FLDA DB ? ()

FLDA DB/Byte 21,22,23,........ FLDA.) FLDA+o)

FLDA+lMOV AL,FLDA+3

AL(18h)24 ()Dupname DN.

1/ DW/word 10 Dup (?)

2/ DB/Byte 5 Dup (12)

3/ DB/Byte 3 Dup (5 Dup 4 )

(44444)4 .

:

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PC PC (Byte) DB,MASM. DB()

:

23/ DB , strawberry jam

DB crazy sams CD Emporium . DB Crazy sam s CD Emporium

: . H .

. :

:1,0B

Test,xor,OR,AND.

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D :

. :0FH.

.

:

.

. .RET CLC () () .

.[lable:] operation operand 1,operand 2

.

.Worda Dw ? define a word

Mov DX,Worda ,register in first operand

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Mov worda . cx ,register in second ... ....

Mov EDX , EBX ,register in both operand

.

) (.

.Count DB ?

ADD BX,25 ,add 25 to BX

Mov count,50 ,move 50 to count

( DC.( Cmps,movs

.Worda DW o ,Define a word

Bytea DB o ,define a Byte

Mov BX, worda

ADD ByteA , DL

Mov CX,DS:[38BOH]

INC ByteA PTR [1BOH]

) (DS38BOH

38BOHmove cx. 1BOH.

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[1BOH] Byte PTR.

Codetbl DB 20 DUP (?)

Mov CL, Codetbl [3]

Mov CL, Codetbl+3

mov mov+.

BP,SI,DI,BX . SI,DI,BX . DS:SI,DS:DI,DS:BX DS SS:BPssBP

. . . .[[DI

DI.MovBXDataval.MovDataval BX Dataval DB 50 .MOV BX ,offset DatavalMOV [BX],25

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.mov Dataval ,25MOV . mov [BX+2] ,o Dadval: [BX+DI]:

BXDI. SIDI,BX,BP

.ADD CL,[BX] ,2nd operond =DS:BX

MOV Byte ptr[DI],25 ,1st operond =DS:DI

ADD [BP] ,CL ,1st operond =SS:BP

MOV .:Data TAB () Data TABBL

DI. Datatab DB 40 DUP(?)

MOV datatab[DI] ,BL

()

. MOV

MOV .() (

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/ / . MOV [lalde:] MOV /

MOV:Bytefld BW ?Wordfld DW ?

.MOV EDX,ECX ,Register to Register

MOV DS , BX ,Register to segment register

MOV Byteefld,DH ,Register to memory,direct

MOV [DI] ,BX ,Register to memory , Indirect .

MOV CX,40 ,Immediate to register

MOV Bytefld,40 ,Immediate to memory-direct

MOV Wordfld [BX],40 ,Immediate to memory-indirect

.MOV CH,Bytefld ,memory to Register,direct

MOV CX,Wordfld [BX] ,memory to Register,indirect

.MOV CX,DS ,segment register to Register

MOV Wordfld,DS ,segment Register to memory

. CH

MOV: CL -()--

--.. :

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:. :

. .

. .

.

.

(1) (o) .AH ooo .27-1.

woAX1.

MOVMOV AH,OO 10110 100 OOOOOOOO

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(100)AH .MOV

:MOV AX,00 10111 000 00000000 00000000 AX(ooo)

.reg,w.

((mode :

1110,01,00mod .

Rey m r 8R/m

. (/) d

BXAX.MOV BX,AX 00 00 00 11 11 011 000(r/m)(ooo) reg(011)mod(11)D=q . w=l . (011)BX(ooo)Ax

.DEBU6.

: MOV

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. () . mov (MOVS)

. :.

MOV///: .:

100010 dw mod reg r/m :Reg / reg/mem

1100011w modooor/m .....data....data ifw=1

1011wreg......data......data if w=1 lmmed: 1010000w addr-low addr-high mem: 1010001w addr-low addr-high mem

10001110 mod Osgr/m (sg=seg reg) segregrem/mem 10001100 modosgr/m (sg=seg reg) reg/memseg reg

9 (Interrupt= ) INT INT21 H INT10H.

.

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() AH .

INT10 H INT 21 H. . DOS

. INT21 H

. enterODH

((carriage Return=CR.

(). ()

.

OOH OOH OO OO

4FH OOH 79 OO 27H/28H OOH 39/40 12

OOH 18 H OO 24

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O4 H 18 H 79 24 .2K 4KBOOOCOJH 2K .

16kB800[0]h.. (graphics mode)(text mode)

). (

INT 10 H- . AHO2 HDH BH O ()

. DL. .O8:

MOV AH,O2 H ,Request set sursorMOV BH,OO ,Page number O

MOV DH,O8 ,Row 8

MOV DL,15 ,Solumn 15

INT 10H ,Call interrupt service.

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INT 10 HO6H

. O6H=AH

. =AL OOH =( ) BH

=CX: =DX:

()CX,DX . AL : OO:OOH CX: 18:4FHDX.71H

()(). MOV AX,0600H ,AH =06(scroll),AL=oo(full screen)

MOV BH,71H ,white background (I), biue foreground (1)

MOV BH,0000H ,upper left row: column

MOV DX,184 FH ,lower row : column

INT 10 H ,Call interrupt serviceoo05

0500HCXoc4FHDX: 184FH

.09HINT 21H

.

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CUSTMSG DB , customer name ? $

customer name?$ .DB $

$. LEA 09HAH

DXINT 21 H.MOV AH,09H

LEA DX,Custmsg ,load address of prompt

INT 21H

INT . . .

. 09H

FFH,ooH.

.20 H. : INT 10 H06 H

.INT O . O6 H.

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. AL .AL

:AL= (00) CX=: BH= DX=: :MOV AX,0601 H ,Request Scroll upone Line

MOV BH,61 H ,Bronn Background , Blue Foregronnd

MOV CX,0000 ,From 00:00 throoghMOV DX,184 FH ,24:79-(Full screen)

INT 10H ,call interrupt service

. ROW .

O. ..

(CMP ROW,22)ROW. ROW .

ROWOO. ROW((INC ROW . AL.DXCX DX:CX () .: :

:::MOV AX,0607H ,request scroll 7 lins

MOV BH,80H ,cyan background,black foregroond

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MOV CX,OC19 H ,from cow12,column25 tehrough

INT 10 H ,call int errupt- service

. .

. : INT 10 HO9 H

.:

AL= BL= BH= CX=

AL CX " C60 .

"((01H.MOV AH,09H ,request display

MOV AL,01H ,happy face for display

MOV BH,O ,page number o (normal)

MOV BL,16H ,blue background ,brown foreground

MOV CX,60 ,60repeated characters

INT 10H ,call interrupt service

(Bell) Tab

. 09 H01 CX .oo

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cx )AL (LOOP 02HINT 10H.

: Dana porter .

: 11/2=5 . 40-5=35 .

page 60,132

Title Ao9CTRNM (EXE) Accept names ,Center on screen

.model small .stack 64

Data

Parlist labeel byte

Maxnlen DB 20

Actulen DB ?

KB name DB 21 DUP

Prompt DB name? , $

.Code .886

Alomain proc far ,MOV AX.@ data,MOV DS,AX

MOV ES,AX, CALL QLOCLR

AL cx "

"((01H:MOV AH,09H ,Request display

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MOV AL,01H ,Happy face for display

MOV BH,O ,page number o (normal)

MOV BL,16 H ,blue background , brown foreground

MOV CX,60 ,60 repeated characters

INT 10 H ,call interrupt service

(Bell) TAB

. 09 H CX .00( AL01 ( LOOPCX INT 10H02H

.A2OLOOP:

MOV DX,OOOO ,set wrsor to oo,oo

Call Q2OCURS

Call B10 PRMPT ,display-prompt

Call C10 INPT ,provide for input of name

Call Q10 CLR ,clear screen

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CMP ACTULEN,OO ,name entered?

JE A30 ,no,exit

Call D10 CODE , setbell ande $

Call E10 CENT ,cinter,display name

JMP A20 LOOP

A30:

MOV AX,4COOH ? ,end processing

INT 21 H

A10 MAIN ENDP

Display Prompt

B10 PROMPT PROC Near

MOV AH , 09H ,Reqvest dispiay

Lea DX,PROMPT

INT 21H

RET

B10 Prompt Endp

Accept+input of name

C10 INPT Proc near

MOV AH,OAH ,Request Key board

Lea DX,PARlist ,input

INT 21 H ... RET .... C10INPT Endp

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Set bell and $ delimiter

D10 Code PROC near

Movsx BX,Actulen Replace ODH with 0H

Mov KB name [BX],0

Mov KB name[BX+1] $

RetD1OCOde Endp

Center and display name:

E10cent PROC near

MOV DL,Actulen ,locate center column

Shir DL,1 ,divide lengh by 2

NEG DL ,reverse sign

ADD DL,40 ,add 40

MOV DH,12 ,center row

Call Q20coRs ,set cursor

MOV AH,09H

LEA DX,kbname ,display name

INT 21 H

RET

E10Cent Endp

Clear Screen

Q10CLR PROC Near

MOV AX,0600H ,Request scroll screen

MOV BH,30

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MOV CX,0000

MOV DX,184FH

INT 10H

RET

Q10 CLR Endp

Set eursor row co umn

Q20CUPRS PROC near ,DX set on entry

MOV AH,02H ,Request set cursor

MOV BH,00 ,page #00

INT 10H RET

Q20CURS ENDP

End A10 main

SHRE10 CENT .

ADD . NEG+- DLDL Dana porter: . (01H) D10Ccode

:MOV ZX BX,Actulen

MOV Kbname[BX],01H

MOVzxBX.MOV BX .movbxKB name

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07H .07H ( Enter )KB name+11 INT09H 07H$ D10 code

21 H. 00HINT 21 H09 H.

:

cmp Actulen ,ooA20 loop.

INT 21 H OAH OAHINT 21 H.

.INT . . .

.: .ABEL BYTE.

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.LABEL .

LABEL...

OFFh. .

. .

.. Enter.

.

pgup , home , F1 .

OS 12,unix .

.

00 (con)

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01 . (con) 02 ((con. 03 (AVX) 04 (LPT1PRN)

:01,00 .

.

INT 21h 40h

.AH=40h CX=BX=01 DX=

AX INT :

() = 05H AX= 06H

:JC error-rautine , test for display error

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ODH( ) oalt,(back spacs)08H() 07H . INT 21H09H()

Cotitle DB Intertech corp , ODH,OAH ,Dispiay area

MOV AH,40H ,kequest display

MOV BX,01 ,File handle for screen

MOV ex,17 ,Display 17 characters

Lea BX,Cotitle ,Display area

INT 21 H ,Call interrupt service

CotitleOAH,ODH

INT 21 H 3FH

.:

AH=3FH BX=00 CX= DX=

AX INT .

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INT = 06H= 05H:AX AX.

.

(back spaes) 3FhINT 21hOah .

KB nput DB 20DUP

MOV AH,3FH ,Request keyboard input

MOV BX,00 ,File handle for key board

MOV CX,20 ,maximum 20 characters

Lea DX,KBInput ,Input area

INT 21 H ,call interrupt service

Enter .CX

.

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(ODH) Enter (Oah) . INT.

AX.