225.-

... KISO KARA MANABU KAGAKUNETSU RIKIGAKU

By Katsuhiro Saito

. .

:

5-7 29 10110

. 0-2258-0320 (6 ), 0-2259-9160 (10 )

www.tpa.or.th/publisher/new

www.tpabookcentre.com

()

1858/87-90 19 -

10260

. 0-2739-8000, 0-2739-8222 0-2739-8356-9

www.se-ed.com

: (Chemical thermodynamics)

By... Katsuhiro Saito

... . .

Saito, Katsuhiro .

: .-- : (-

), 2555.

232 .

1. . 2. . I. , . II. .

500

ISBN 978-974-443-491-3

1 2555

. 0-2258-0320 1560, 1570

225

KISO KARA MANABU KAGAKUNETSU RIKIGAKU by Katsuhiro Saito

Copyright 2010 Katsuhiro Saito

All right reserved.

Originally published in Japan by SOFTBANK Creative Corp., Tokyo

Thai translation rights arranged with SOFTBANK Creative Corp.

through THE SAKAI AGENCY.

(-)

....................................................................................................... (1)1 ? ................................................................. 1 1-1 ? ........................................................................ 2 1-2 ? ................................................................. 4 1-3 .................................................... 6 1-4 ..................................................... 8 1-5 ..................................................................... 10 1-6 ..................................................................... 12 1-7 ........................................................ 14 1-8 ............................... 161 ........................................................................................ 18

2 .............................................. 19 2-1 ........................................................................ 20 2-2 ................................................... 22 2-3 ........................................... 24 2-4 .............................................. 26 2-5 .................................................................. 28 2-6 ............................................ 30 2-7 .......................................................... 322 ........................................................................................ 34

3 .............................................................. 35 3-1 .................................................. 36 3-2 ...................................................... 38 3-3 .................................................................. 40 3-4 ............................................................. 42

3-5 ................................................................ 44 3-6 ........................... 46 3-7 ............................. 48 3-8 ................................................................. 50 3-9 .................................................. 52 3-10 ..................................................................... 543 ........................................................................................ 56

4 ............................................................ 57 4-1 ................................................ 58 4-2 ............................................................................... 60 4-3 ................................. 62 4-4 ....................................... 64 4-5 ........................................................ 66 4-6 ......................................... 68 4-7 ............................................. 70 4-8 .......................................... 72 4-9 ................................................... 74 4-10 ................................................................. 76 4-11 .................................................. 78 4-12 ............................................................... 804 ........................................................................................ 82

5 ................................................................... 83 5-1 ............................................................... 84 5-2 ............................................................................. 86 5-3 ................................................... 88

5-4 ............................................ 90 5-5 ............................................ 92 5-6 ................................................. 94 5-7 ....................................................................... 96 5-8 .................................................... 98 5-9 .................................................................... 100 5-10 .................................................. 102 5-11 ................................................................ 1045 ........................................................................................ 106 6 .............. 107 6-1 ............................................................. 108 6-2 ............................................................................ 110 6-3 ............................................ 112 6-4 .................................................................... 114 6-5 .............................................................. 116 6-6 .................................................. 118 6-7 ............................................... 120 6-8 ............................. 122 6-9 .......................................... 1246 ........................................................................................ 126

7 ............................................................. 127 7-1 ................................. 128 7-2 1 ..................................................... 130 7-3 ......................................... 132 7-4 ....................................................... 134

7-5 ................................................ 136 7-6 .................................................................. 138 7-7 ......................................................................................... 140 7-8 .............................................................. 142 7-9 .......................................................................... 144 7-10 .................................................... 146 7-11 .......................................................... 1487 ........................................................................................ 150

8 .................................................................................... 151 8-1 ...................................... 152 8-2 ....................................................... 154 8-3 23 ......................................... 156 8-4 ........................................... 158 8-5 ..................................................... 160 8-6 ..................................................................... 162 8-7 .................................................................. 164 8-8 ........................ 1668 ........................................................................................ 168 9 ........................................................................... 169 9-1 .................................................. 170 9-2 .......................................................... 172 9-3 ........................................... 174 9-4 ........................................................... 176 9-5 ......................................................... 178

9-6 ....................................................... 180 9-7 ...................................... 1829 ........................................................................................ 184 10 ......................................... 185 10-1 ....................................................... 186 10-2 ....................................................................... 188 10-3 ............................................ 190 10-4 ............................................................................. 192 10-5 .................................................................... 194 10-6 .................................................................................. 196 10-7 .............................................. 198 10-8 ............... 200 10-9 ............................................................ 202 10-10 ............................................................... 20410 ...................................................................................... 206

1-3 ................................................................................................ 207 4-6 ................................................................................................ 208 7-9 ................................................................................................ 209 10 ................................................................................................. 210 ............................................................................................... 211 .............................................................................................................. 212

2 :

?

1 ?

E W Q

energy

2 1

(Chemical thermodynamics) 4 1

?1-1

1 ?

3

(system)

(isolatedsystem)

E m 1 -

1-

E = mc2E : m : c :

10

:

1-5

1

2

()

(exothermic reaction)

1 ?

11

(endothermicreaction)

EEE

12

:

1-6

(enthalpy)H

1

(transf iguration)

( 1)

2

U1 U2

Q Q = U2 - U1 = U

1 ?

13

W P V W = PV U

1 U2

W ()

H H = U1 (U2 W) = U + W = U +

PV (2)

1

2

V

H = U + PV

P

U1 U2

14

:

1

2-3

( 1)

(2)

2 2

(entropy) S S

S S (1)

1-7

1 ?

15

S

2

1

2

S S

() ()

S

16

:

1-8

A B A B B A

1 A B

(irreversiblereaction)

A B

(reversiblereaction)

A B

?

2 2

(12)

(free

energy)

1 ?

17

1 2

E0

...

!

S>0

E