مقایسه بهرام چوبین با مکبث

WLjrAoU BM Ma AoM BTwAj vB( BzAj wnB RBMjA BMp o nBjBTwA) nQw Bkd

ikBkB ,oTz BBB] BzkA j M ,B] MjA BnBB{ B nj wjo BB{ pA Ma AoM BTwAj vB& BM ,T{ 'A nj /kC za M nBvM

1) Macbeth 2) Shakespeare

,BTwAj j 'A BBo, S{ow nj k{ nBM An pA 2oPv{ oYA 1WL jrAoU/LM oU'{n Jo6 7o{ nAkB oB{ j zkA UoQ@@nj An BvA S{ow BU {;BkoC :kkB @BRB] pA oPv{ WL BzB wjo BB{MjA yoC BSwj An hnBU RBAn j@o ;kAB] RBMjA Ajoo M A nB{ nj j@o

,qo B{jBQ pA ,RAo BMpo ,fB pA M An Ma AoM BTwAj wjo)@ @(@3k zB /An oYA Chronicle BB) kUBwA gnBU WL BzB L jpB:C ,Ao{A ovi ovQ/SwA (@Holinshed

oYA j o ;kAjoM Swj SAn nj ,o oYA B/T0 M HL5 ,j o ;3kATiBw ji

AoM BTwAj i nj , /joM BBQ M o\ 41 B 4 Bw nj An ji oYA AoA wBe kAow@ @(@4:kJ jB a ji o Bw pA kj@ow Mk xkpo) o nj ,Ma

[ M pBM o j M [Q S~{ oM S{mM Bw Ao1616 Bw nj oPv{)SwA oPv{ kv Anj BBw oiC nBYC pA q WL jrAoU/(k{ T{ 166-165 BBw nj WL S{mnj

;4kAkC kkQ @kp j 9oiC nj BTeA @ji B= ThQ BBw nj

8

3.8 BTvo B9 BWL jrAoU BM Ma AoM BTwAj vB

k{ T{B Rnk BM ]A nj jC bn B9{nBw ,oYA j o nj ,B\Aow(391 39 |,1362 ;@36 35 |,nB B k ,{kwA@ @) /SwA

;SwA jrAoU E pA ,A B= Anj nj oPv{ nBYC oj a ,WL BzBrAoU nB{ow BB ,k{BL HLI jrAoU 9pA BM B= o@A ,tU e oYA BA9A nj = wnoM @BS~h{ ,B ,oTvM @A w l An BTwAj j /jnAj}0 B= BU {= nAm MB0 nj C j ` An BC wnoM

/]@pBM oj nj An @o0 nB~TiAM ji B] nj An UA o ,nBTV M nj ,= kj TvB{ HXT{m BkAi nCjB BC AoM BU ko nAoU Ao]B Bo] nj BkAi BU =@

/k{BMoTvM

joQ nj TLA B]A@M An BTwAj = ow [i = TwA SAoM BM oYA j o Kw@fow BM pU JBT BM BM tU e /k{ pB_C kj Bz `@BpAn k= nB{A B] nB= nAkBQB M nB=@BzoQ AqiSwj nj nBM B{ jBTApA An BTwAj q oPv{ /kj Swj M BU BoU pA AjBTwA o~UJ{C pA BjB jpB_C nkU AnBM coM oQ B/ nj AjB] kC@@jo@kQ ` @BQ C nj = k= B{C X BM An B pB_C B pA AjB] /koC qoi

/k{ kkQB `@BQB A nj BC `@BQ kQ SwABAj pA = ABijn ` ,knAj MAqi JBT{oQ ow BTwAj j o/kBPM nAnkU kU An ji i_Q@oQ ov jo zaow BTv= Swjnj Se BwkV BU oPv{ SwA oUouV oj 9A pAWL jrAoUtU e /SwA jAj fn B@ka nj qa = k= woU `@BMBT{ Ba AnRBBM BM ,B@ ,BTwAj kU ow _n M , SwA Bw@j@ BU BM nAjk BAkAi M ,B_ BjAoITwA BM pCkQ BU= Bo@\T Be

/kj jo= pBUuV ZoVU So co joQM ,SwA wBe @hnBU BM p = C ,BB{ BTwAj

3.8 BTvo BB 10WL jrAoU BM Ma AoM BTwAj vB

UBjd nj jqn C nj BvA pA nBM Bn B@ kao , SwBUA,joM LA ] M Aod pA An kAi kp o BvA BMA BM An BTwAj {n:jnAj oj BTwAj WL jrAoU /BvA M BU kB oUnAjB SUA M BBQ BUjo= ohvU An BTwAj B/ owAow BvA kU M n /Sw @UnAq k`Q

/Sv Aoi BA kB Aoi B = ABvA @SwAqBU ]9oU pA 9A ,}h{ SwA S~h{ woU jrAoU nj Anj jnAj L_ { {n ,wBe kU n j M , nj = SwA oYA j

/ BMA ,jrAoU E B/TUA M ,ojB

,C nj ,= JBT= pA zhM SwA BB{ hnBU yhM nj Ma AoM BTwAjBTwAj 9A /SwA kz= j M BBwBw nj BBQ BU An AoA BB{ gnBU wjo Ma AoM nt Bp /j{ bo5 ji uQ yQ BU BM IMAn njpA WL jrAoU /SwA kC SAn B\A pB_C nj yo pA uQ A xn{ BkBQ/BS{ow K0U _k_jM k0M gnBU pA SwA {oM ,Sv 9A,qo Bp nj BBwBw Se nApBMTV{C BM BM ,Ma AoM BTwAj k0 njTe VnA qo /SwA Ao BoU nt p ,Ao{A kpoBAowoe C BM ,BTwj 9A /SwA ,BBwBw nAkTUA Anj pA kBpBM ,joTv@ M B k = ,U BjnoQpB nBaBM ,noQ UB0L5 SB ABvABzQ oM BM Aj SwA a njB pA qo /jnAj AAo ,koYM BUTpB_C nj , /kkAi oU@M An A SAo{A jnAjKB] M ,nkQ zi M ,zAo{A 0L5 pA 9To@za@op AoM GoBt ,SenkU Ao{A Se nj B] = ,zAo{A AkM /kAo B] BTwjUAoM ,qo /k{ 9zi Ao A X 9A pA ,kjM Tvz nk oM kjoL5 SAn o@A /k= BU= Se B=nA pA An BnkQ Swj ,J{C ozQ9 ,SwA T{AjoM B pA B TU M An jApK\ nAqjqw qo = k{BM Swnj,1364 Jnp@ @) jM kAU VB5 9A pA qo M SAo{A B5ow k{n nAj


Tvv n= TAk \T nj q ,qoQ ,xk kpo BM qo kQ B /(56@|/j{

,kB=Q nj pA An Se qo BnB=BzoQ BwnM = BCw@nBa pA AoA /kMB KwB 9oj BJBve vU AoM An So BBvAnAw ,nqi Ao= pA A kM ,n pA o~U ,9a pA B{Bw /jo nAoU \ ZBCBn BM ,op oMkU M /ko oBd nj An AoA Anzdw BTvMo pA nAm@qK0 AkpoQ joL nj q An Bnqi /knCoM BpBU pA nBj kpBwoVnAqknBa oz BM nBn AnB An BwBw jwo Se BA /kBzAoA jni nkw |0w BUoQ nj qo Se = BC /Sv B{BwBAi xo M T{AoAoM SwA Twj@ BoU B] SwA za ,B AnIwA @hnBU BoU BQ kCnjM K_ 9TwC pA Twj ,AkBn=@Be BB{A nBLU pA kBpBM AjApzAo{A :j{ jz BTwAj M ,Ma AoMAojT B= nj An yhMBn n/e o{ BB{ nj = ,RBk0 9A q] /n/kABv HLo0U ji BU nj BTwAj j ,kBzB{Bw oV nAqknBa oz oMAoM nj ,BPw nAqjpAj BM ,Ma AoMpoQ kj Bz ji pA = Bnj Bj Ak{ oMAkU BM jo nAoUgnBU nIwA po B SwA oj Twn A ,BTwAj pA yhM 9A nj /kCoMAk] BvA pA B_ BC gnBU @kwn nt M hnBU ABvA j{ T{AjoM

?SwA jM,jnAj TV{C An qo j ka AoM BznqM ka o ,Ao]B ov njBB{ nj BU 9A /jpBw yB=jB{ oj nBvM BAk BM B{Bw koM ow BAnj ,BA /k= tBveA Ao]B kB{ 9T nj An ji kAi = j{ BM Ba

5) Macdonwald 6) Sweno

M = ,ro B{jBQ 6 {n{ 5< kAAj > BM A joL Ao]B ,WL jrAoU

/kUBwA Nairnshire o {o S nj AeB Cawdor @ @ (@7

BM An BMp pA j@C oM A poQ ,jpBU kUBwA B{ oM 7n j = oA TwkAn joL Bo ji jnAj yUC oM Twj nj pA BzB kM B kAi /j{


BoU BM = kMBnj WL BM ]A nj nkU@9 k= tBveA/SwnMn

BoU /SwA BBoU z=ow kB fn BTwAj j BU nj = oj ~,Bw kpo ,joQ BM MB0 nF qo KB] pA ,B{Bw 9Tv{ pA uQ ,AoAji nB~e nj joQ jni Sv{ AoM pA joQ oV nAqk BPw /jjo/kMB BA kAi BA qo pA ,AB xnBBM ,joQ /kTA oBd MA k= nBTn kM ,SwA qo jq M 9Tn B AQ M BTAM = ,joQ BM AoMA jo zi AoM M ,nBTn 9A pA B@C pAuQ ,qo /jnAj nAi] ow oM AnpB_C qA 9A jpBw Vi @LQ `j Bp B] @o0e BAk BM An

/jjo AoM z=ownj ,AjB] /koM nj M An pA AjB] An A /jnAj oj Ao]B WL z=ow n j= oA JB0A M An A k= 9= yAn ow oM ,ShTBQ M WL SzpBMB An zQ 9A ,RnkU M yBU BM ,WL /k jnj kUBwA B{jBQ

B\ BBPw BL\ pA BvJ M B{ J jM L kUBwA nj ,( M , U) thane @ @ (@8/SwA k{ nBM K BM GkM joJ

kC SwAn BM ,kj A M An n j= 8 9U K0 B{ kB An nj a ,BA /jo{p /jjo xiow B{jBQ z0 BM oj oj C M ,zQ /SwAkQ {nM ok BM MB0U nj BTwAj j qCBvA BUA

= ,ka 5U kM JAi SIw AoM BBoU ,BU oj joQ njtBveA AoM /kTv o B5U BA /SwA ~ 9A nj BTwAj j `@AoT{A ], jnB{ B{ nAAqw An ji k{] yBn nj BB{A i = k=, kAn{ qo oM An ji BPw AnAjow :kC ki M Swj ,An kM= AoMqo M An C ,koU@M , kp w qoQ B M ,xkpo qo kQ 9TvvAoMAn v= ,joM SBi B ovQKB] pA = ,qo j{ onB= A z0 /kBwnAnAjow pA ka U /jqo BjBMCnlC M j{ B@C qoQ /jnB A 9Tz= MkQ B ,nkQ pA ovQAk] BM /k= jB nAjB kw kkQ A M XAnBoM j{ i Se pA B{ jonj J{C /j{ Tvv RnkU BM qo


J{C ,RnkU 9ToSwj nj BM , jjopBM ShTBQ M qoQ /k Aj yBzaqo Ai9= pA k= BM An qo n= q AnB AoM /kBz@o AnpA kBnj AoM BM joL nj qoQ /jpBw SIw ShU M kwn AoM wkp a ,qoQ Bjq /joM BQ o~U Bw M ,nkQ jBzQ M , jqo A yQoM jo@o An ShTBQ AoM /k= Vi An A ,kMB `@BoIi An qo kB

/kp U ShU/kz oMAoM WL 5U BM n_M BA SwA BI{ o BnB= 9A

9) Duncan 10) Malcolm 11) Banco

_n M ,An ,kUBwA B{jBQ ,9< 9Aj> ,jjopBM ShTBQ M \ B0 nj = ,A/kBwn TU M ji Bi oe nj k= nB{ ji oVw oM ,yTI SAkB] jnAj A y0 9Aj TU bo5 nj = SwA WL ov kaoBXn BA 9oU{ M = ,WL B pA B_ oA 9A BA ,SwA nB k=\zU9Aj Bjq C pA uQ ,ji B 9T{Aj BQ AoM ,WL /kB= ,SwA jAjxov vwj M ji = ,An A BM BL j ,kj ow { A o nj/kz= ,SwA jC i M An B{Bo\i kB{ BC M JAi nAjM ,j{ BM A jo nj nkQ TU AjBL C M pA ,9Aj k kpo ,10

/kz ShU oM ,jnAk XnB oj = ,WL jqo BTvABU=So AoM /jnm KB_ BB{ Se Bp nj BTwAj j oj ~SBe o~U KB] pA = ,qoQ BM qo ] nj Ak An ji Bw SeB_ ,Sv Aovi nBLU pA BnBMnj jo p M = ,A /kAnm ,j{kM koU M ,joL 9oiC nj ,B\Aow , kMB An ji Se dU So/joM BQ9a BUBi M nBaB kB BU ,kAi qoQKB] M An A BBPw =@owAow SBi i M /SwA oUJ{CoQ oU ~V WL Se Ao]B,11 ziA SIw nBMnj AjB] zQ pA = A /SwA k=@C An ~ 9A

12) Fleance

,12 ,xkpo A T, M An Bz;jC ,S{AjoLi ,'Aj BPw AnAjow pA nj = ,BM cL{ /j{ nB{ Bz=jC 9= nj BM BA jqo uB /jnB


k{ zo nBvM = Ad) jjo oBt oM TBX nj ,SwA WL K0UBU , jjo L~ Re nBaj ,B{ tBL nj SwA jj A = ,WL /(SwAAjB] /joM BQ jB] AoAi M ,jzM BBMp 9oUkM pA An BTV 9oUkMtoU S/ 0 pA oUoM Bqa M joM SvQ An nkU B/U A BU k{=KwC kM k{BM jAp p pA = jo _ = kj RnBzM A M BC /jkM kA

13) Birnam 14) Dunsinane/Bd oBc M SwA oA J@ @(@15

WL /k{ kAh J 15jkP 149v j PU M 13Bo M zM BU kBwn kATo /An omQBSv{ 9j pA kp B An ji U9n Svh zQ pA/jnAkQ BU= ji RnkU 9Aj pA An Sv{ B=@B Swj jo ohw M An

16) Macduf 17) Fife

An kUBwA Tho BTvA M nAjow 17B S 9U 16zAk AkBi ovAnAjow /jpBw y=@BMp An ji BM SVBh yUC ,BnB= 9A BM , kAnm U j pA EUAKoU e oLi a , kv nAhi \ 9A pA kUBwABo M zM w M A BM kQ AoM ,kMBnj An BTvA oVnAqw BPw nB@M/k{ nBPvnnB{ BU jo ji yQBzQ nj j o M AiB{ pBMow o , Bo MBo M zM S=oe BM WL omQBSv{ Bn = SwA 9a /kB BQ Boz|0w TB0 _ M WL o~U /kwn Sv{ @tMB= M 9v j PU w MyQ An A = j{ zAk pA a , /jo nAoU zAk nAoM nj WL k=oM kj Swj pA An ji So] kBU ,kAjo= Ak] njB en pA k pAoj = , M An A koM ow zAk /kTwo 9oV AjB] qCBMA zQBBQ BM joQ kwn cL M t Bw K{ 9kM /k= k ,SwA B{jBQ/kTA 9BQxi:jo BAQ a A /jnAj oj o xAkp n M BA BB{ AQnj k= nCB BnB= B\C nj ,jM Tho 9a M = ,AoM /nAi M 5U BM, /jnAj ABB{ \UoQ kp jo p M An A oTij kz BUBi j


AoM kL5 BPw ,SwA TwAi An A SzpBM BUBi pA qoQ = kMBnj aAn 9poM jA oi qoQ /jo X o nj kM= ] L5 oM AoA cTM Swj kCoM BUBi k pA SV nj = A /kTwo BUBi jq o@nBa M= ,An BUBi o jpBw jq UBi M An ji KL5 oBt nj kp koUS oU BM An U B M Mp =oU /kBMn ,SwA AoM M MBTwj w BAn AoM Ri M ,SwA BUBi oTij pA BQ Be = BM 9A M ,U kLo= AQ BTwAj 9kM /jnj zB M BU An A { o\i y M kMBkA Bw yUBe oM To zn yj nj RnkU ] ow nj B{jBQ Ajw

/kC BBQ M ,xAkp BpAo Kz BM ,jMBS~h{

pA An 9A ,kMBpBM ok nj An ji ojM oj H oYA j 9A Bp Ajo/jo{ AU BTwAj j `@AoT{A ] 9oU K5RnkU j@o /kABTwAj j BS~h{ 9oUA WL Ma AoM/SwA oUnAjzn AoM nj AQ RB0i BA ,kABoU nB] j@o ,k kLTvA M ,kC x] M yBn nj L5RnkU i = AkTMA B pA ,WL/kp BQ Swj BoU kX 5n nj BTwAj oiC BU k= SzQBvA AQnj@M SAo{ pA ov BTwAj BTA BU ,kMBUoM n e pA kao ,BA AoM9oiC nj ,k= woU An A kp oiC RBjd wjo = C , kTA

AoM wjo) Jz BM Aka k{BM k{ BzQ joJdAoTA ji BB M j vQA nj AoM A@ @(@18An C Bo] ,xi B]o) BM ,An A pA kATwAi BTwAj BAn B kAow B /kAi joJ/U A

/knBPvM o x:C M nBMLw

18/k= nAoUA ji T{m BBIi M kMB MU So BuVjB0TA BM AoM ok0U BM WL :knMn ji pA oUU Bo BM j@o BAB\Aow /kAj jqA o B{jBQ i 9T{Aj An SIw |o{ = |Bi BznM B{@AoM :SwA Tvv B{jBQ BM j o kQ /kM= TvM nj oM j o,An 9A pA , SwA BB{A nBLU pA kao /kTv B{jBQ A B nkQ a ,SwA


= TiBw Svw C pA yM An TwQ 9A BoU S{m BA ,jnB{ jAs An ji= jnAk kpo :SwA BLjM B{jBQ q WL /k{BM A AoM d B]BQ/kzhM AkUyo pA uQ An A AkBi SIwqo /knAj RBVT T~h{ MBz z0 BTwAj j 9A nj q 9Aj qoBMA kpo TU Te TB] _ pA Se AoM ,SwA B=ji owL w B{jBQ= BzB 9pB_C BjoQ pA /jnAj BvA T~h{ 9Aj ,MB0 nj /k=M BU oj kAi ,kwn TU M AjoA]B A Swj M WL Bi nj 9Aj

/k{BL 9=oaj WL BM kAU oiCM ,kM o5Bh nj An ji B] a ,YjBe Bo nj ,jo , qoQB{jBQ BQ nj oj k] AnC n o~U Bw nj :kqo nz= pA ZnBioa nj /SwA nB{ jB :jnAj oUB~ oa j@9A pA /BTvA AoA M SzpBM pA yQ BU ,A /j{ kj S~ B 9A BA qoQAnjAoM ,Tv kM o@A /jnAk Aka jAnA ji pA ,ShU ZBU ouQpBMAoM Swj MyTv Sv k{ nj@M oAj pA pB_C B pA ,kjL ,xnjB/kA o= BxAoi A BvA oa oM j 9A BM qoQ Ao /Sn jBM oM,qo = BC kz ShU oM ,nkQ q n= pA uQ ,j@9A AjonB= M ,,qoQ ,j{ Vi ji ov AnjAoM Swj M ,xAkp jM `@BoIi BM M/k= nB An nkQ UBU ji Rw BM ,kj BXn z=nkQ 9kM BMp@M kaoj@o ,Aii BM M ,kM BC k pAkA pA yM An ji a ,q oiC nj

/jnAjoM B pA o BM Anj o pB_C nj = kTv Bv= w n j = oA ,kAAj ,joQ ,B{Bw/k= Ao An BBoUnt Bp ,Se kX M ji xn{ BM ,BTwAjn{ 9oT= pA ,knAj nBTiA nj = LA BPw _n oM ,joQ xkpo B{Bw/k{ owA B Tz= AoM oV@nAqjpAj BPw Swj M l kAoMM Bj_ SwBBMp ow oM wA BUWL jrAoU pB_C nj q oj 9U w C pA@@ @ @ @ @ @ @/kC d M H0Tv


nj A nB qoQ kjBQ o~U /BTvA B{jBQ BUBi o~U M kwn,j@o ,BA /A Sq Sv{ pA uQ AoM BQ BUBi SwA ShU ZBU MBpBMnB@M An BkBnj Swj o@A SwA BzTe kke M /knAj UA AoajrAoU nj BTvA B{jBQ BA /kB B=@B ji kB0 M nj ka o ,knBzt k0U B nj Aka A /jnAj AnIwA @Lm T~h{ SwA nAu kU WLn/e /kC AkM _ B M An A oa oPv{ = SwA Tn@o_ /jpBw 9@CoI An B/ owAow ,k{BM = B]@o ,A S BA ,jnAk q BTvA SU B{jBQ kB{i AoM oPv{ = M o@A Sv kMAn T~h{ 9a ,kAjM A BBzB otB H = ,BL~KeB

/SwA@koCSw SwA BUBi w M qoQQ jA oi ?kAnB=@a zAk 9poM jA oipA BTwAj B] ka nj kao , /jnAjoM B pA koU BM An AQ AjoA]B =@oUJI zAk /Sv ~iB{ oa ,kj Bz nzdw x jiAn ji AkBi p = SwA C jnAj xkh An A S~h{ = qa BU /SwABTvA M BU M ji k{ WL zi 5 BU k= Bn kUBwA njBM xAAoj nBn nj ,SwA B0TA jd nBjTA nj Akjnj = ,A /jqo/k{BQ kAi zi ji = @yUC oM JC ,WL jB] AoAi WL k ,w pA ,BB{ BTwAj nj jo jB] pnj /k]pBM An ji oj o ,oj w pA ,WL jrAoU nj zAk ovpA ,C n M , kTA oin Q nj nB{ |Bz M AQ ,AoM z=ow pB_CoM a kz pAn M ,BU ,p BM B\C nj /kwn fAo iB= M U AzMZBU AQ =SwA nAkj 9A pAuQ /jjo nB{C xnBTV nBTn nj o LU nBYC kCAQ nBTn nj jB] oYFU M Ao]B 9A pA BkM /kz ShU oM jnAm ow oM d ,jnAj BLB_ oYFU BTwAj owAow nj uQ C pA = ,p 9A /k= oLUSo oB{ AoM knAj BB Aoa = Bp kTv = BB{ nj /SwA nABwAn BTwAj ,jnAj T~h{ = ,p 9A BA ,kAjnC Ao An pAjoQS~h{

/SwA joM o BMA BvA pA AB nj


/k= AkU An BB{ BTwAj jB] p B WL jrAoU nj jB] AoAi@nj@ow jA M SUA po pA An A BTwAj oPv{ oYA nj kQ Bp 9A n/enB{ kAi TLA /jpBw Bn Aoi 5n nj An kAi B kj nL BvAWL BI{ kQ BA v\U ,BTwAj pAn@@qn@oQ p nj ,Bp 9A = kAjyoC nj oPv{ Bp nj C oYA jB] JBM nj A jB0TA ,kjoUM /jM kAiWL L5B] q] oPv{ oYA AjB] ,@9A@BM /SwA jL oYFUM Boa 9A/WL k :knAj oj kUnkU SwkwoU nj An A RnB SwA oPv{ oYA R U |B0 pA p 9A S~h{ SiAjoQ AoM p 9A /kBB BU bX M jC An oa |Ii o~U BT{pbo5 A An WL Bi nj 9Aj TU z0 /Sv Ajon nB= _ pA k{ kUBwA= SwA ov 9A ,kCoM z0 BU Ao]A k pA WL = BC /k=JAo{ ji = BBL B] oM 9Aj jo i 9Thn BM , j{ nB= M Swj/k= BU An nB= ,SwA kAjonj jo= BTv An j o kB{ BC M qCABM ,jjo pBM ji wAow o{ jq M jCi BSwj BM = BC ,BjoQ nj TLA /Sv{ kAi `@BQ An BC B JC@=kA = k BU joviM xnB= :SwA jM To o~Th An Ao]B WL k = j{ BTwAj BBQnj ,B\Aow ,A /SwA JAm nj ji BSwj jC pA TwQ kz= ]/kBn SB]tMB= pA An ji ,z=ji BM ,9v j o~U M 9Aj e eLdMpAjoQT> 9A BM j{ AomQ Un 9oUBwC M An xov o WL

/jo 'A pA uQ pn nBaB =


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