Македонското Кралство во времето на Аминта III -...
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Transcript of Македонското Кралство во времето на Аминта III -...
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39
58 1-2 2014 39-54 ISSN 0583-4961
94(381) 321.11:929 III
III
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Abstract
The rule of King Amyntas III (393/392370/369 BC) was marked by a constant
struggle for survival of the Macedonian Kingdom. Driven by power and the desire to loot and plunder, as well as the ambitions to expand their holdings and influence, Amyntas main rivals were the Illyrians and the Olynthians, and in part the Macedonian pretender to the throne Argaeus and the Thessalians led by Jason of Pherae. The chronology of the events has been considerably disputed, the available sources are scarce, scanty and contradictory in places, so any further research raises new possible debatable questions and assumptions. But regardless of these difficult obstacles, with a critical analysis of the available sources, it is possible to reconstruct the events of this important period of Macedonian history, which is in fact the main goal of this text. Keywords: Amyntas III, Macedonian Kingdom, Illyrians, Olynthian War, Chalcidian
League, Athens
III, - II, - . -, , , , e , . - . . IV . .. - .1 , , , , -
1 E. N. Borza, In the Shadow of Olympus: the Emergence of Macedon, Priceton, New Jersey, 1990, 180.
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3 E. N. Borza, In the Shadow of Olympus..., 182. 4 Tod GHI, no. III 393 . . .. . . . (N.
G. L. Hammond and G. T. Grifith, A History of Macedonia, vol. II, Oxford, 1978, 173)
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391 . . .., . . - III (E. N. Borza, In the Shadow of Olympus..., 183).
5 . , , Historia Antiqua Macedonica 8, , 2004, 207.
6 IG, 135; Tod GHI, no. III. . ( ..., 207). : S. Hornblower, The Greek World, 479-323 B.C., London and New York, 1983, 205; John Wickersham and Gerald Verbrugghe, Greek Historical Documents: The Fourth Century B.C., Toronto, 1973, no. 12. : F. Geyer (Makedonien bis zur Thronbesteigung Philipps II, Munich and Berlin, 1930, 112) J. R. Ellis (Amyntas III, Illyria and Olynthos, 393/2380/79, Makedonika 9, 1969, 3).
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.. (: J. R. Ellis, Amyntas III, Illyria..., 58), -, (Xen., Hell., V, 2, 13). - .
11 S. Islami S. Anamali M. Korkuti F. Prendi, Les Ilyriens, Tirane, 1985, 5758. , .
12 N. G. L. Hammond and G. T.Grifith, A History of, 172, 175, 176; . . (E. N. Borza, In the Shadow of Olympus..., 296) .
13 Porphyr. Fr. I, FHG 3, 691.
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Macedonica 4, , 1996, 73. 18 . , ..., 189, 203.
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19 Diod., XVI, 2, 2. 20 Just., VII, 4, 5; , ,
, , 2000, 70. 21 K. J. Beloch, Griechische Geschichte, Berlin und Leipzig, 1923, 57 ; F.
Geyer, Makedonien..., 113 ; J. R. Ellis (Amyntas III, Illyria..., 1-8) , . . . . (N. G. L. Hammond and G. T. Grifith, History of..., 174) , . , , .
22 Diod., XV, 19, 2-3.
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23 ( 385383 . . ..) -, , j, - , - . . . , 380- 393 . . .. (E. N. Borza, In the Shadow of Olympus..., 297).
24 Isocr., Archid., 6, 46, 366 . . ..; Ael., Var. Hist., IV, 8.
25 . . . , : , - , . 393/2 . . .. ; - . 383/2 . . .. ( ), ... - Diod. XIV, 92, 34 Diod. XV, 19, 2 : - ; ,
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( 382 379 . . ..)
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, ( ). , , , . , , , - . (N. G. L. Hammond and G. T. Grifith, A History of..., 174).
26 Just., VII, 4, 6. 27 Xen., Hell., V, 2, 13.
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28 Diod., XV, 19, 3; Isocr., 4, 126 6, 46. 29 Xen., Hell., V, 2, 1120. 30 Diod., XV, 19, 3. 31 (N. G. L. Hammond and G. T. Grifith, A History
of..., 177178).
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32 . , ..., 209, . 8. 33 Xen., Hell., V, 2, 3841. 34 Isocr., Paneg., 126. 35 Xen., Hell., V, 2 3: Diod., XV, 1923.
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39 Tod, GHI, no 129. N. G. L Hammond and G. T. Grifith, A History of..., 178. . , ..., 210.
40 375 373 . . .. (: J. Cargill, The Second Athenian League, Berekeley, Los Angeles and London, 1981, 8587).
41 Aesch., II, 32. 42 J. Cargill, The Second..., 8586. 43 , . . :
( ) - . . , ,
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III - , . ,45 -.46 , III , .47 III .48 - , - , , .
, , . - . III, . - . , , . III, - , , .49 , , - . - , , . ( ) - . (E. N. Borza, In the Shadow of Olympus..., 187-188); (N. G. L. Hammond and G. T. Grifith, A History of..., 179).
44 Isocr., V, 106; Aesch., II, 32. 45 E. N. Borza, Timber and Politics in the Ancient World: Macedon and the Greeks,
Proceedings of the American Philosophical Association 131, 1987, 40. 46 Demosth., 49, 2630. 47 Aesch., II, 28. 48 Lisa Kallet, Iphikrates, Timotheos, and Athens, 371-360, Greek, Roman and By-
zantine Studies 24, 1983, 239252. 49 Diod., XV, 60, 2.
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50 Diod., XV, 60, 2; Isocr., V, 20. 51 N. G. L. Hammond and G. T. Grifith, A History of..., 178. -
101 . .. III. (. , ..., 207208.)
52 N. G. L. Hammond and G, T. Grifith, A History of..., 180. 53 Just., VII, 4, 7-8 (, ..., 70).