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Interactive Physics
TM
Windows 95/98/2000/NT Mac OS 7.1
www.interactivephysics.com
Interactive PhysicsVersion IP2000
Windows95 & NT MacOS
Knowledge Revolution
iii
....................................................................................xvii Interactive Physics;............................................................................xvii .............................................................................xxv
1
Interactive Physics.............................................1-11.1. 1.2. 1.3. 1.4. Interactive Physics .............................................................1-1 ..........................1-4 ...........................................1-5 ....................................................1-6 .............................................................1-6 .............................................................................1-7 ....................................................................1-8 ..................................1-9 ................................................1-10 ............................................................1-12 1.5. ..........................................1-12 .......................................................1-13 .........................................1-15 ....................................................................1-16 1.6. .......................................................................................1-17 1.7. ............................................................1-18 1.8. ............................................................................1-18 .......................1-22 .....................................................................1-24 1.9. .................................................................................1-27 ..................................1-27 ........................................................1-29 ..................................1-30 ............................................................1-35 1.10. ....................................................................................................1-35
2
& .........2-12.1. Interactive Physics.........................................2-1
iv
2.2.
Windows .....................................................2-1 MacOS ................................................................2-6 .........................................................................2-6 Interactive Physics ..............................................................2-8 ( Windows) ..........................2-8 ......................................................................2-9 ............................................................2-10 ............................................................................2-10 / ............................................................2-11 .......................................................2-11 ..........................................................................2-13 .........................................................................2-14 Interactive Physics .........................................2-17 O Apple ( MacOS) ...........................2-18 ........................................................2-18 ..............................................2-19 ............................................2-20 .........................................................2-22 ...............................................2-25 .....................................................2-27 .....................................................2-28 .....................................2-29 ..................................................2-29 ( Windows) ..................2-32 Apple QuideTM ( MacOS) ..........2-32
3
........................................................................................3-13.1. ..................................................................................3-1 ......................................3-2 ...........................3-6 ....................................................................................3-10 .................................................3-12 ................................................................................3-13 ....................................................................3-14 . , , ...................................3-16 .........3-19
3.2.
v
3.3. 3.4.
3.5. 3.6.
............................3-21 ..3-23 ..............................................................................................3-23 ...................................................................................3-23 ...................................................................................3-27 ...............................3-30 ...............3-31 .....................3-31 ..............................................................................3-32 ........................................................3-36 ...............................................3-38 ................................................3-38
4
....................................................................................4-14.1. 4.2. ; .....................................................................................4-1 ...........................................................................................4-2 ..........................................................................4-2 ...................................................................4-2 .............................................................................4-3 ............................................................................................4-3 .............................................................4-3 ............................................................................4-4 ................................................4-9 .........................................................................4-9 ........................4-10 .....................................................4-14 ...............................................4-20 ...............................................4-21 ............................4-22 ..........................................................................4-3 .......................................................................................................4-25 .........................................................................4-25 .............................................................................4-26
4.3.
4.4.
vi
4.5.
4.6.
4.7.
4.8.
4.9.
4.10.
4.11.
4.12.
4.13.
4.14.
4.15.
4.16.
4.17.
....................................................................................................4-31 ......................................................................4-31 ...........................................................................4-32 ............................................................................................4-35 ........................................................4-36 .....................................................................4-37 ..............................................................................4-38 .......................................4-39 ....................................................4-40 ............................................................................4-39 ............................................4-40 ................................................4-41 ..................................................................4-43 ......................................4-43 ..........................................4-44 ...................................................................................................4-46 .................................................4-46 .....................................................4-48 .....................................................................................................4-49 .....................................................................4-50 ..........................................................................4-56 .........................................................................................................4-58 ..................................................................4-58 ...............................................................................4-59 ...............................................................................................4-60 ....................................................................4-60 ........................................................................4-62 ........................................................................................................4-63 .........................................................................4-63 .............................................................................4-65 ............................................................................................................4-67 .............................................................................4-67 .................................................................................4-67 ............................................................................................4-68 ........................................................4-70 .....................................................................4-71 ...................................................................................................4-71
vii
........................................................................4-72 ............................................................................4-72 4.18. ..................................................................................................4.75 .......................................................................4-75 ...........................................................................4-79 ...........................4-81 4.19. ...................................................................................4-83 ......................4-83 .....................................4-84 .............................4-88 ......................4-92 ............................................................4-93 ...............4-94 .........................4-96 ..................................................................................................4-98 .........................................................................................4-101
5
.............................................................5-15.1. ..........................................5-1 ...5-3 ...................................................5-5 .........................................5-6 .............................................................5-9 ...................5-9 ..................................................5-11 .............................................................5-12 ...........................................................5-13 ...............................................................................5-15 ; .........................5-18 ..........................5-20 ;....................................................................................5-20 .......................5-22
5.2.
5.3.
viii
6
.........................................................................6-16.1. 6.2. ................................6-1 .........................................................................................6-2 ...........................................6-3 - ......................................................................6-4 ................................................................................................6-7 ........................................................6-10 ...................................................................6-10 ........................................................6-11 .......................................6-12 ........................................6-13 ..........................................6-13 ......................................................................6-15 .................................................................................6-17 .............................................................................6-19 .........................................6-20 ............................................................................................6-20 ..........................................................................6-22 .................................................................................6-23 .................................................................................6-24 ......................................................................6-27 ........................................................6-27 ..............................6-28 , , /......6-29 ......................6-30 ........................................................6-31 ........................................................................6-32 .............................6-35 ......6-36
6.3. 6.4.
6.5.
6.6.
7
...........................................................7-17.1. ......................................................................................................7-1 ; ..........................................7-1 ...................7-3 ..........................................................................7-4
ix
7.2.
7.3. 7.4.
7.5.
7.6.
, .......7-4 .7-6 ..........................................7-6 ...............................7-8 (min max) ..7-8 ..........................................................................................7-11 ..............7-11 ......................................................................................7-14 ........................................................7-17 ......................................................................7-17 ............................................7-18 ................................................................7-22 ....7-24 ................................................................................................7-26 ....................................................................7-27 ...................................7-28 ..................................7-29 ......7-31 .......................................................................................................7-32 .........................................................7-32 .......................................................7-32 ............................................7-33 ...................................................................7-33 , .................7-34 ....................................................................7-35 .......................................................................................................7-35 ...................................................7-35 ................................7-36
8
.........................................................8-18.1. 8.2. 8.3. ....................................................................8-1 .....................................................................8-2 ...................................8-3 ....................................................8-4
x
........................................................................8-4 .............................8-5 ..........................................8-6 .........................................................8-7 ...............................................................................8-8 8.4. ..................................................................................................8-9 .8-10 .......................................8-10 .................................8-10 ................8-11 ....................................................................................8-11 () .........8-12 ...8-12 ................................................................8-13 8.5. ..................................................................8-14 ..................................................8-14 , ........................................................................................8-15 ..........................................................................................8-17 8.6. ....................................................................8-17 8.7. / .....................................................8-18 ................................................................8-18 .......................................................................8-19 8.8. ...................................................................................8-20 .................................................8-21 ....................................................8-23 ............................................................................................8-24 8.9. .......................................................................................8-24 ......................8-25 ................................8-26 8.10. ..............................................................8-29 Interactive Physics 8-30 A ............8-31 8.11. ..................................................................8-32
xi
8.12. .........................................................8-36 8.13. .....................................8-37 ....................................................................................8-37 ...................................................................8-38 .......................................................8-39 8.14. .............................................8-41 ...................8-41 ................................8-43 ;......................................................................8-43 ..................................8-44 ....................................8-44 ........................................................8-46 .....................................8-47 ..............................................................................................8-48 ..............8-48 8.15. .........................................8-49 ............................................................................8-50
9
.............................................9-19.1. 9.2. 9.3. 9.4. ...................................................................9-1 ........................................................9-2 ........................................................................................9-2 ....................................................9-4 .....................9-6 ............9-7 QuickTime ( MacOS) ......................................9-7 E Video for Windows ( Windows) ................................9-10 E ............................................................................9-11 Video ...............................9-13 ...................................................................................................9-14 Apple Events DDE ........................9-16
9.5. 9.6.
9.7.
xii
10
X .............................................................................10-110.1. ...................................................................................10-1 Intarctive Physics ....10-2 10.2. .......10-5 10.3. ................................10-7 .....................................................................10-7 ...............................................................................10-8 ............................10-9 .....................................................................................10-10 ...............................10-11 10.4. ....................................10-11 ............10-13 ......................10-13 10.5. ..............................10-14 10.6. ................10-16 10.7. ......10-17 10.8. ........................10-18 10.9. ..........................................10-21
...............................................................-1.1. .........................................-1 Interactive Physics .........................................................................A-1 M (scripting engines) MacOS .........................................A-3 A.2. B ...............................................-5 .3. Interactive Physics...........................................A-7 A.4. ....................................................................-10 ........................................-10 ................................................................-12 .5. Interactive Physics ........................A-13 ..............................................................-14 ..........................................................-15 ............................................................................-15 ........-16
xiii
.6. .-18 .....................................................................................-20 ........................................................................-22 ......................................................................-22 ...........................................................-23 ..................................................-23 ...............................................................................-25 .7. .......................................................................-27 Interactive Physics ..A-27 ...................................................-28 ..........................................................-30 .8. ..........................................................................-30 .............................................-30 ........................................-32 ................................................-33 ...............................................-33 1e-19 ..........-33 (SI)....................................-34 .9. ..............................................................................-35 ........................................................................-35 ...........................................................................................-36
..................................................................-1.1. .............................................................................-1 .2. ................................................................................-2 .................................................................................................-2 ..................................................................................-2 .3. ............................................................................................-2 .4. ............................................................................................................-4 .............................................................................-6 ...................................................................................-7 .....................................................................................-9 ..............................................................................-10 .....................................................................................-11 .5. .....................................................................................................-11
xiv
.......................................................................-11 .................................................................-14 .....................................................................-16 .6. ..............................................................................................-18 .................................................................-19 .........................................................-25 .7. ............................................................................-28 ........................................................................................-28
....................................-1.1. ...........................................................-1 tab ......................................................................-1 Shift..................................................................-1 Option .............................................................-2 Command ........................................................-2 .2. ...................................................................-3 .3. Interactive Physics.......................................-5 .....................-5 ................................-6 ...............................................-6 ........................................................................................-7 ................................................................-7 .............-8 .4. ...............................................................................-8 0.............-8 ..............................-9 , , ................................................................................................-9 ......................................................................................-10
IP 2000 ........................-1.1. .2. -3 .4. ....................................................................................-1 - ........................................................-3 .............................................................................................................-5 ..............................................................-10
XV
-5. ..........................................................................-11 .6. ............................................................................................-21
........................................................................................
xvii
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xviii
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