Занковский - Организационная психология

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РОССИЙСКАЯ АКАДЕМИЯ ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ МОСКОВСКИЙ ПСИХОЛОГО-СОЦИАЛЬНЫЙ ИНСТИТУТ Анатолий Занковский ОРГАНИЗАЦИОННАЯ ПСИХОЛОГИЯ Учебное пособие для вузов Издание второе Рекомендовано Редакционно-издательским Советом Российской Академии образования к использованию в качестве учебно-методического пособия Москва Издательство «Флинта» МПСИ 2002

Transcript of Занковский - Организационная психология

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(,)

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48

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49

. , , . . , , (, , , ), (-, - . .) ( , ). . , , ( , , , , . .), ( , , , , ). , , , , , . (, , , , , ) (, , , . .). , . , . , , , . . , . , . : 1. . , , , , . , - . 2. ( ) , Cui bono?50. , . 3. , . , , , , , . , , . 4. , , ; , ; , . , ( ) , . ( ) , , . 5. , : . , 50

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50

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. , . . . . , , . : ? 1) ; 2) ; 3) ; 4) , ; 5) . , , , , . : 1) ; 2) , ; 3) -, . : , : 1) ; 2) ; 3) ; 4) ; 5) (, ). . (). . , . : ? , , : , - . ? , . . : 1. 2. . 3. , . , . 4. .

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5. , , . 6. , . . 7. . . , : , , . , : . , , : , //? , ; , ; ; , ; . , - . , . , , , . , , : , . , , , , . , , , , . - . , , , , , - . . : - . , . . , . , , : . . , , . . . ,

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+; -; . . , , : . , . . . . . , , , , - . () . , . , , , . . . () , / . , . . . . . 2.1 . , . 3 , 6 , . , . . , , . , . : , , /. .

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, , . , , . , , . - . . (), , . , () , . , . - , , . , - . , , , . : () . , . , . - . , . : . , . , , , , . , , , , . . , . , , . , , , , .

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/ ().

59

. , , 2 . , . , O1 , , 2 , , . 3 :

X, O1. 2. , 1 2, . -, , . -, , , . . 4 Pretest/post-test :

X R, , 53. , . ( ) X (O1 2). ( ), , (3 4). , . . : , ( ) . ( 5 6) . 5 Post-test :

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3 , . 5 , , 3.

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, , . O1, 2 3, (X O4 5 . , , :

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61

. , . , . , , , , . ., , . , () . , , , . - . , , , . . , . , . . , . , , , , . . , , , , . , . , - , . !, . , .

62

. 2.3. . . , 54. -, : , , , . , , . . 2.3, . , , (1 x 2), (O2 3) , , - (1 x 2). , , , , , . . . , , . - , . . , , . , , , . . : 1) ; 2) , . . , . . -, . , . , . , , . , , 55 ( ).

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, - . , . , . 2. . , , , . . 3. . , , - . , . , , - :

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, , - . . ( , , .) . , . , . . , . , - . , . , , , . , . , . , -, -, . , . , () , . , , . , . . . . . , . , , . , . . () () , , . . , . , , . ( ), , . , : 1. . 2. , , , . 3. .

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4. . 5. . 6. . 7. () . 8. . , . , , , . , , , . , mpa, : . , , , ? . 20 , 300 . 70% 20% ( ). . , , . 23 , . 12- . . , , . , , . : 12- , , 24- , . . , , - . , . . , , , . . , . . ,

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. , . . : . 43 . . , 30% , , , , . 18 , . 13 . . () . 1. ? 12 31 2. 5- 1 ( ) 5 ( ) , . 1. - 3.72 2. 4.58 3. 4.14 4. 3.90 5. 3.87 3. 5- 1 ( ) 5 ( ) . 1. 2.81 2. 3.95 3. 4.11 4. 4.15 5. 2.70

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83

- , ? : , . . , . , , : , . , . : . , , . (, ), ( , ), (, ), ( , , ) , , , , . , , , , . , , . . . , , . , , , , . ? . , . , . , 94. , 95. , , , . , . , 96.94

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90

? ? , . ? ? ? , ? . , . . , - , , , , , 112. . , , , 113. . , , , , .. . .3.3. . : , , , , . .114 : , , , , . , , . : , , , ? , . , . . - ,

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92

. 3.3. ( Rvn . A. Power/interaction model of interpersonal influence: French and Raven thirty years later//Journal of Social Behavior and Personality. Vol.7, No 2. 1992) , . , . , , , , , , . . , . , ? , , . , , , , , , . , , . , . 116, , , , . , , . ,

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93

, , . . . (. . ) , , , . , . . , 117, : (. . ), ; 118 ; 119 ; 120, 121, . . ; . , , , , . , , , . , . , , , . , , , . , ? , , . . ,

... . . 1 .., 1974 1977; ... . 3- ., .: , 1978.117

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94

, , . XX . , , . , , . , , . , , , ? . , 122. , , , . . , 1933 1945 . , , . , , 123. , , ( , , , . .). . , , , , . . , . , , . () . . , . 15 450 , : , , , , . 435 450 XXX, . . (. . , , ). , ( ) , . 150

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96

, , : , . . . , (, , - . .) : , , , XXX, ?. , 150 , . , , , . , , . , 70% , , . . 20 , , . , . - : , , ! 125 , , , . , . , , , ? , . , ? , , . ? ? , ? , . , , , , 126.

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, . , . , , . , , , . , , . , . . , 450 40% . 30%, . , , , - , () . . , , , . , , - 130. - . , , , , . , , , . . - , , . . , . , . , , , . . : , . .

Row, 1974. P. 58. Milgram S. Obedience to authority: An experimental view. N.Y.: Harper & Row, 1974. P. 58.130

99

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, , , . , , . , , , , , 48%.131

100

, , : . 12 150 . , , - . , , , . , , . 14 . , , , , , . , . 150 - (. . ) , () , -. , , . , . , , , , , , , - . . , , . 17, , , . , 150 , 210 . . 10% 450 . , . , , . , , , . , , . 13 , . () . , , ? , , , .

101

9 . () , , . , , . 40%, , , . , . , , , , , . . . (). , . ( ) , - . , , - . , , , . , , . , , , , . . , . , , . , , . , , 132. , 133 . , , . . . X. , , , 134. ,

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103

, . . . , , , . , , .. , . 137. , , . . . . , , . , , , , . , . , , 15 . . , , , 138. , : , ? , , , . 9% , . ? 91% . , . , . , , , . , , , , ,

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106

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( . did- , chrynos - ) - .140

( . phylon- , ...), , , , , (), , (), . -- ; ( . on,141

107

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115

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. , , ? , , , . , , , . , . , , , , . , . , 158. , . . , , . . . , , . . , . , , , , . , , , . , , . . . . , . , , . . - , , , . , -

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118

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119

. , : ; ( ) ; . . , , , , . , , . . , , , , , . , , . , , , , , . (. . , ) , , , . , , , . , . , , -, . , , - . , , , -, . -, . , , , . . , , , , , -, . , . , , . , , . , . , , . .

120

. , , . , , . ' . , -. : , , . , , , , : . , -, , . - , , , , . - . . , . - , , , . - . 4.3. - , , : - . .

121

. 4.3. , - , . , . - , - . , , . , , . . , , . , , , . , , , , . , , . , , . , , , . . . , , , , , , . . . . , - , , . , , . . . , ( ) , .

122

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123

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124

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125

, , , , , . - . , , , . . , . , , , , , - . , ? . , , , , . , . . . , , . . , , , , , , . , , , . , , , , . - , XIX , . . . , , , . - . - , . , , , . - , , . , , ,

126

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127

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128

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129

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130

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Taylor W. The Principles of Scientific Management. N.Y: Harper & Row, 1947. P. 59.160 161

. . ., 1920. . 102.

131

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. . 102. . . ., 1920. . 44. 164 . . 46.162 163 165

. // . .., 1931. .

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132

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. ., 1920. . 35. . . 36. . . ., 1920. . 36--37.

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133

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. 4. 6. , , , . , .. . . . . , , , , . , , . , , , , , . , , , . ( ) , , . . , , . , . , , . ,

134

, . , , 170. , , : . , . , . , , , , 47,5 . , , , , . , , . , , -, , , . , - . - , , . , . , 47,5 , . 171, (. 4.7).

170

. . ., 1920. . 50. . // . .., 1931. .

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136

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138

. , . . , . , . . . , , . , , , . , . , , , : , , , . - . . 4. 8 . , , , , . (, , . .), - , , , , . : . , , . , , , , .

139

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Wexley . N. & Yukl G. A Organizational behavior and personnel psychology. Homewood, 111: Richard D. Irwin, 1984173

. Mintzberg II. The structuring of organizations, Englcwood Cliffs, N.J,: PrenticeHall, 1979.174

140

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