網路多媒體研究所 1 WCDMA Technology Past, Present and Future Part V: Beyond WCDMA.
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Transcript of 網路多媒體研究所 1 WCDMA Technology Past, Present and Future Part V: Beyond WCDMA.
1 網路多媒體研究所網路多媒體研究所
WCDMA TechnologyWCDMA TechnologyPast, Present and FuturePast, Present and Future
Part V:Beyond WCDMA
網路多媒體研究所網路多媒體研究所2
Part V:Beyond WCDMA
• 3GPP Development Progress• Enhancements for Further Releases
網路多媒體研究所網路多媒體研究所3
3GPP Development Progress• 3GPP developed in a phased approach3GPP developed in a phased approach
Functionality
Time1999-12 2001-03 2002-03/06
Release 1999Release 1999
Release 4Release 4
Release nRelease n
Release 5Release 5
UTRA FDD/TDD
modes, USIM,
AMR speech
codec, MMS,
LCS,
CAMEL etc.
LCR TDD,
UTRA FDD
repeater function,
700MHz support
for GERAN
IMS phase 1,
HSDPA,
Wideband AMR,
IP transport
in UTRAN
MBMS,
WLAN/UMTS
Interworking,
IMS phase 2
Release 6Release 6
2003/12
OFDM?
MIMO?
EDCH?
IMS further
Phase?
網路多媒體研究所網路多媒體研究所7
3GPP Release 5 Features• HSDPA:High Speed Downlink Packet Access
– Opens up throughput in order of 10Mbit/s– Introduces a variable modulation scheme to allow more
efficient use of the radio spectrum. – It is only intended to be used on the downlink and for shared
channels such as DSCH. – It includes a new modulation scheme (16 QAM with Hybrid
ARQ).– Included in ITU-R update of M.1457
• Support of Radio in additional bands– Makes possible the use the full radio system in additional
bands such as 1800 MHz and 1900 MHz, and enables the use of PCS in the US.
• Base station Classification– A classification scheme is introduced for Base Station in terms
of certain radio parameters.
網路多媒體研究所網路多媒體研究所8
3GPP Release 5 Features• IP Transport
– Allow the option of full IP transport within the network side of a PLMN. This is intended as a complement to IP Multimedia.
– Several improvements in terms of functionality of the nodes in the Access Network also included.
• One typical example is the possibility to allow soft handover for common channels
• Another example is the possibility to connect an RNC to multiple Core networks nodes when the Core network element cannot handle the traffic of one RNC.
• IMS:IP-based Multimedia Services– In two phases (Phase 1 in Release 5)– IP core network (IPv6)– Handling of multimedia services using SIP signalling and the
bearers offered by the PS domain
網路多媒體研究所網路多媒體研究所9
3GPP Release 5 Features
• End to End QoS for real time packet services• MExE, LCS, GERAN, Security, Messaging, enhancements• Wideband AMR codec• ETC…
網路多媒體研究所網路多媒體研究所10
HSDPA:High Speed Downlink Packet
Access• Supports services requiring
instantaneous high data rates in the downlink– e.g. Internet browsing; video on demand
• Various configurations defined, offering data rates of up to 10Mbit/s
網路多媒體研究所網路多媒體研究所11
HSDPA:High Speed Downlink Packet
Access• Support for very high data rates
– Peak data rate 14 Mbps (theoretical)– Actual peak data rate depends on e.g. channel conditions
• Improved capacity– 100-200% improvement for ”best-effort” packet data (e.g. web-
browsing)– Improved capacity also for streaming services (50%)
• Significantly reduced delay– Higher data rates– Shorter TTI – Fast retransmissions
• Improved end-user quality• Improved overall efficiency when
interacting with higher-layer protocols
網路多媒體研究所網路多媒體研究所12
HSDPA:High Speed Downlink Packet
Access
Fast link adaptation
Channel-dependent scheduling
Basic principle:Basic principle:
Adapt to variations in Adapt to variations in instantaneous instantaneous radio-channel conditions!radio-channel conditions!
Short TTI
2 ms Fast retransmissions with soft combining
+
Higher-ordermodulation
16QAMQPSK
+
網路多媒體研究所網路多媒體研究所13
Release 99/4
DCH/DSCHDCH/DSCH
2 Mbps Packet
Mar00 Dec00
R99
R4
Hybrid ARQHybrid ARQ Dynamic Scheduling
Dynamic Scheduling
Adaptive Modulation & Coding
Adaptive Modulation & Coding
HSDPA Release 5
EnhancedChannel Structure
EnhancedChannel Structure
2.4Mbps Packet
June 02
HS-DSCH
Dec 03
Fast Cell Selection
Fast Cell Selection
MIMOMIMO
HSDPA Release 6
10.8 Mbps Packet (2x2)20 Mbps Packet (4x4)
HS-DSCH
網路多媒體研究所網路多媒體研究所14
IMS:IP Based Multimedia Service
• IMS provides:– IP Transport in the Core network– IP Transport in the UTRAN
• And this therefore provides the possibility for:– End to end IP services– Increased potential for service integration– Easy adoption and integration of instant
messaging, presence and real time conversational services
網路多媒體研究所網路多媒體研究所15
3GPP Release 6 Features• Multiple Input Multiple Output antennas (MIMO)
– This concerns the possibility to improve receiver performance for HSDPA by having multiple antennas in the User Equipment.
• UMTS 850– This enables the use of FDD and TDD based systems in new
spectrum bands (of particular interest to the Americas).• Beamforming Enhancements
– This specifies Beamforming techniques using dedicated pilot symbols or S-CPICH, which have the potential to improve system capacity.
– These will improve the benefits obtained from using beamforming. – The remote control of tilting antennas is also under consideration.
• Use of UTRA in other spectrum arrangements Contributions already prepared for ITU-R WP8/F
FDD & TDD in 850MHz, 1.7/2.1 GHz for USA and 800 MHz for Japan 2500-2690 MHz
網路多媒體研究所網路多媒體研究所16
3GPP Release 6 Features• Network sharing• Radio improvements• Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service (MBMS) in RAN
– This will allow better use of the radio spectrum for the support of MBMS.
– The intention is to enable more efficient use of the spectrum under certain conditions by changing from a point to point connection to a point to multipoint connection using common resources.
• Wireless LAN/UMTS interworking• Presence• Speech recognition and speech enabled services • IMS "Phase 2" (incl. IMS Messaging, Conferencing, Group
Management)• Interoperability between IMS using different IP-connectivity
networks
網路多媒體研究所網路多媒體研究所17
Internetworking with WLAN
• Use WLAN as access network• WLAN operated either by 3GPP operator or by 3rd party
UE
WLAN Access Control
WLAN system
AP WLAN
Access Authentication Charging
M
WLAN Access Control
WLAN system
AP WLAN
Access Authentication Charging
.
3GPP System 3GPP System
3GPP System
PS Domain
UE
Node - B/BTS
HLR Access Authentication Charging Encryption Mobility
3GPP PS Services (e.g. IMS)
PSTN
1 .
N
External IP Networks
WLAN Access Control
WLAN system
AP WLAN
Access Authentication Charging
.
CS Domain
WLAN Access Control
WLAN system
AP WLAN
Access Authentication Charging
2
WLAN Access Control
WLAN system
AP
Access Authentication Charging Mobility
1
UTRAN/GERAN
3GPP Billing System
3GPP Billing System
3GPP Billing System
WLAN
UE UE
WLAN Access Control
WLAN system
AP WLAN
Access Authentication Charging
M
WLAN Access Control
WLAN system
AP WLAN WLAN
Access Authentication Charging
M
WLAN Access Control
WLAN system
AP WLAN
Access Authentication Charging
.
WLAN Access Control
WLAN system
AP WLAN WLAN
Access Authentication Charging
.
3GPP System 3GPP System
3GPP System
PS Domain
UE UE
Node - B/BTS
HLR Access Authentication Charging Encryption Mobility
3GPP PS Services (e.g. IMS)
PSTN
1 .
N
External IP Networks
WLAN Access Control
WLAN system
AP WLAN
Access Authentication Charging
.
WLAN Access Control
WLAN system
AP WLAN WLAN
Access Authentication Charging
.
CS Domain
WLAN Access Control
WLAN system
AP WLAN
Access Authentication Charging
2
WLAN Access Control
WLAN
AP WLAN WLAN
Access Authentication Charging
2
WLAN Access Control
WLAN
AP
Access Authentication Charging Mobility
1
UTRAN/GERAN
3GPP Billing System
3GPP Billing System
3GPP Billing System
3GPP Billing System
3GPP Billing System
3GPP Billing System
Network
網路多媒體研究所網路多媒體研究所18
Interworking Scenarios• Scenario 1: Common billing and customer care
– Single bill and integrated customer care– Security level of the two systems are independent
• Scenario 2: 3GPP-based access control and charging– AAA provided by 3GPP system– Security of the two systems are consistent– Basic IP connectivity
• Scenario 3: Access to 3GPP system PS-based services– Extend 3GPP system PS services (e.g. IMS, LCS, etc.) to WLAN– No service continuity– May require QoS support in WLAN
網路多媒體研究所網路多媒體研究所19
Interworking Scenarios• Scenario 4: Service continuity
– Survive a change of access between 3GPP and WLAN– Change may be noticeable to the user– Service quality may be changed
• Scenario 5: Seamless services– Minimize data loss and break time– VoIP calls
• Scenario 6: Access to 3GPP system CS-based services– Access to services provided by 3GPP CS core networks over W
LAN– Seamless and user-transparent switching between access tec
hnologies for CS services
網路多媒體研究所網路多媒體研究所20
Interworking Scenarios and their Capabilities
Scenarios:
Service and operational Capabilities:
Scenario 1: Common
Billing and Customer
Care
Scenario 2: 3GPP system based Access
Control and Charging
Scenario 3: Access to
3GPP system PS
based services
Scenario 4: Service
continuity
Scenario 5:
Seamless services
Scenario 6: Access to
3GPP system CS based Services
Common billing
X X X X X X
Common customer care
X X X X X X
3GPP system based Access Control
X X X X X
3GPP system based Access Charging
X X X X X
Access to 3GPP system PS based services from
WLAN
X X X X
Service Continuity
X X X
Seamless Service Continuity
X X
Access to 3GPP system CS based Services with
seamless mobility
X
網路多媒體研究所網路多媒體研究所21
Internetworking with WLAN
• Architecture for supporting authentication, authorization and charging (scenarios 1 and 2)– AAA Server is an IETF-standardized entity doing “authentication, au
thorization, accounting”– AAA Server receives data from HSS / HLR– WLAN UEs
• multihomed with WLAN and 3GPP access capability• Contain USIM
– USIM in WLAN UE allows using 3GPP subscription
網路多媒體研究所網路多媒體研究所22
Internetworking with WLAN
• Architecture for supporting access to 3GPP packet switched services (Scenario 3)
Ww
3GPP Home Network
WLAN Access Network
WLANUE
3GPP AAAServer
Packet DataGateway
HSS
HLR
CGw/CCF
OCS
Wo
Intranet / Internet
3GPP Visited Network
3GPP AAAProxy
CGw/CCF
WAGWn
Wf
Wd
Wp
Wi
Wx
Wu
網路多媒體研究所網路多媒體研究所23
Internetworking with WLAN• UE is authenticated by Proxy AAA Server in visited network
relaying data to AAA Server in home network• PDG (Packet Data Gateway)
– A tunnel is established between UE and PDG– PDG provides access to 3GPP services (e.g. IMS)– PDG acts as Policy Enforcement Point for Service Bases Local
Policy (similar to GGSN)• WAG (WLAN Access Gateway)
– Gateway to WLAN, i.e. all packets to/from WLAN routed via WAG
– Enforces routing of packets to PDG
網路多媒體研究所網路多媒體研究所24
Enhancements for Further Releases
• Analysis of OFDM for UTRAN enhancementAnalysis of OFDM for UTRAN enhancement• Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) antennas• FDD enhanced uplink• Uplink Enhancements for Dedicated Transport Channels• Analysis of higher chip rates for UTRA TDD evolution• Multimedia Broadcast/Multicast Service (MBMS)• Evolution of UTRAN ArchitectureEvolution of UTRAN Architecture• Early Mobile Handling in UTRAN• Push to talk over Cellular• MMS enhancements• Packet switched streaming services• USIM/UICC enhancements• Etc…
網路多媒體研究所網路多媒體研究所25
Evolution of WCDMA (”WCDMA Evolved”)
Rel 4 Rel 5 Rel 7
OFDM ?Enhanced Uplink?
WCDMA EvolvedWCDMA Evolved
MIMO ?
WCDMAWCDMA
Wider Bandwidth
?
... ?... ?
Enhanced Downlink(”HSDPA”)
Similar evolution in 3GPP2 (cdma2000)
HSDPA = High Speed Downlink Packet Access
Source: Wireless IP / BEATS workshop [2003-06-03], Ericsson
網路多媒體研究所網路多媒體研究所26
3G Evolution towards Wider Bandwidth
Further evolution of 3G air-interface standardsmay require wider transmission bandwidth
5 MHz
Alternatives
”Super-wideband” CDMA
Multi-carrier WCDMA
WCDMA
Is this still 3G?Is this still 3G?
網路多媒體研究所網路多媒體研究所27
Comparison of Wireless Communication
Ubiquity( number of terminals/distribution density/real time/total information volume )
10.1 Information Speed (Mbit/s)
10 100
4 G
NomadicWireless Access Millimeter-
wave LAN
3.5G3G
• low-speed & capacity• intermittent & scattered• very large number• IP-based / non IP-based?
Mobility • High-speed
• High-capacity• Low bit cost• IP-based
2G
UbiquitousNW
Source: ITU “Workshop on Next Generation Networks: What, When & How? “,by NTT DOCOMO EU Lab, Geneva, 9-10 July 2003
網路多媒體研究所網路多媒體研究所28
Beyond 3G and 4G
• ITU-R M.1654,
– "Framework and overall objectives of the future development of IMT‑2000 and systems beyond IMT‑2000" was approved in June 2003.
– This Recommendation will be a guideline to develop beyond 3G systems and states the definition of 4G with ththe definition of 4G with the data rate should be around 100Mbps when moving fast lie data rate should be around 100Mbps when moving fast like in a train, and 1Gbps when not moving ke in a train, and 1Gbps when not moving
網路多媒體研究所網路多媒體研究所29
Expectations for 3GPP Evolution
• End User– Ubiquitous mobile access– Easy access to applications & services– Appropriate quality at reasonable cost– Long battery life– Enhanced security
• Network Operators– QoS and security management– Flexibility in network configuration– Reduced cost of equipment– Maximized usage and sharing capabilities– Single authentication
• Manufacturer/Application Developer– Reduced cost of equipment– Access to global market– Programmable platforms
網路多媒體研究所網路多媒體研究所30
3GPP Enhancements (1/2)
• RAN– Improved Radio Performance– Support for Better UE Performance– Utilization of alternative access technologies– Optimization of radio access network architecture– Technology Improvement
• CN– Harmonized IMS between 3GPP and 3GPP2– Service expandability– Security support– High performance and system efficiency– System flexibility, scalability, interoperability, robustness
網路多媒體研究所網路多媒體研究所31
3GPP Enhancements (2/2)
• Service Provision– Content/service adaptation based on user preferences– Flexible billing– Enhanced QoS and security– Service portability – Global roaming– Seamless service and service interworking– Service harmonization
• Operations Support Systems– Improved/Standardised OAM&P and customer care possibilities
• UE– User friendly UI– Long battery life
• Smartcard– UICC as cornerstone for all trusted relationships– Support of secure download of both terminal and UICC
applications
網路多媒體研究所網路多媒體研究所32
3GPP Long Term Evolution• RAN
– Long term target peak data rates• Up to 100 Mbps in full mobility, wide area deployments• Up to 1 Gbps in low mobility, local area deployments
– Long term spectral efficiency target:• In a single (isolated) cell, up to 5-10 bps/Hz• In a multi-cellular case, up to 2-3 bps/Hz
– Reaching the peak data rate targets• by gradual evolution of existing 3GPP (UTRAN) and alternate
access means (e.g. WLAN)• by new access techniques
• CN– Seamless integrated network– Broadband and multiple bearer service capability– Interworking between 3GPP mobile network and other
networks– Ad-hoc networking approach