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Het potentieel van zorgroboticaProf dr ir Bram Vanderborght

!Robotics Research Group Vrije Universiteit Brussel

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2

122 Europe in figures — Eurostat yearbook 2011

Population

Figure 2.7: Median age of population(years)

1990Change 1990 to 2009

(1) Excluding French overseas departments.(2) Data may be affected by the change of population definition in 2008.(3) 2008 instead of 2009.

Source: Eurostat (demo_pjanind)

Figure 2.8: Population structure by major age groups, EU-27 (1)(% of total population)

19.5 17.2 15.6 15.4 14.5 14.0 14.1 14.0

66.8 67.2 67.2 64.6 61.9 59.2 57.1 56.0

10.6 12.3 12.7 14.4 16.6 18.0 17.8 17.8

6.9 8.9 11.0 12.1

3.1 3.3 5.74.5

0

25

50

75

100

1990 2000 2009 2020 2030 2040 2050 2060

80+ years65-79 years15-64 years0-14 years

(1) Excluding French overseas departments; 2020 to 2060 data are EUROPOP2008 convergence scenario.

Source: Eurostat (demo_pjanind and proj_08c2150p)

!2

Ageing population

In 1990 Persons 65+ à 13,7 % Persons 85+ à 3,1 %

In 2060 Persons 65+ à 30% à increase with 250% k Persons 85+ à 12% à increase with 400% k

In 1990 67% of population support population

In 2060 Only 56% of population support population

Working population shall - Work harder - Work more To realize the same Today 40 hout/week à In 2060: 50 hour/week

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Increasing life expectancy

Source:  HEIDI  data  tool  EU-­‐Commission

In 1960 Life expectancy Belgium 69,66 years Av. EU 67,72 years !At age of 65 Belgium 13,52 years Av. EU 13,99 years

In 2008 (50 years later) Life expectancy Belgium 80,10 years Av. EU 78,66 years !At age of 65 Belgium 19,50 years Av. EU 18,46 years

For Belgium this is an increase of 18,2% over 50 years ! 1/5 longer life!!!

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Increased need for assistance

Not only functional weakness, but mobility also affected by lower motor skills due to stroke or neurological misfunction

The need for Personal Assistance with everyday activities increases with age. !% of persons needing assistance with everyday activities by age

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Increased health cost

Source: EU White Paper “Together for Health: A Strategic Approach for the EU 2008-2013”.

For Flanders by 2050 : • will be confronted much

stronger • its demographic pattern counts

more elderly people • And Healthcare costs are

higher in comparison with other EU countries !

• Today = 11,1% of GDP = 36,8 billion EUR !

• Increase of 25% = 9,2 billion EUR/year

For EU by 2050: !healthcare spending increase with 25%

Health is the greatest wealth!

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?

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Robots are about to enter our daily life

Aibo

Claudia MitchellRoomba

Justin

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Disruptive technologies: Advances that will transform life, business, and the global economy

Policy makers and societies need to prepare for future technology. To do this well, they will need a clear understanding of how technology might shape the global economy and society over the coming decades. !Since the Industrial Revolution, technology has had a unique role in powering growth and transforming economies. !The McKinsey Global Institute set out to identify which of these technologies could have a massive economically disruptive impact between now and 2025.

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Study Gartner

• 2013  Hype  Cycle  on  evolving  relationship  between  human  and  machine.  

• 3  trends:  – Augmenting  humans  with  technology  – Machines  replacing  humans  – Humans  and  machines  working  alongside  each  

other

Combine  the  best  of  the  two  worlds  Machines  • precision  • repeatability  • 3D  jobs  • …    Humans  • creativity  • problem  solving    • dexterity    • …  !

Human  robot  interaction

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New technology required

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Gait rehabilitation

GAIT RECOVERY

❑ Neurological disorders:GAIT IMPAIRMENT

❑ “Relearning to walk by walking”

MOTOR RECOVERY

❑ Neural plasticity

❑ Impact on individual: Quality-Of-Life❑ Impact on society: Health Care

Sensory input

IntensityEffort

MOTOR COMMAND

, SCI , MS, …StrokeMOTOR

COMMAND

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Gait rehabilitation

❑ labour intensive

❑ resource intensive

❑ treadmill training with body-weight support

LOW POTENTIAL

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Rehabilitation exoskeletons

Knexo VUB ALTACRO VUB

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Mirad assistive exoskeleton

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Prostheses

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AMPfoot 2.0

AMPfoot 2 VUB

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Cyberlegs

Cyberlegs VUB-SSSA

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Social human-robot interaction

Machine iscentral

Human has to be central

keyboard mouse

screen

menus

speech  –  emotions  -­‐  gesturesWALL-E

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-­‐Human-­‐robot  interaction  focused  children  -­‐Robot-­‐Assisted  therapy  !Abilities:  -­‐Able  of  verbal  communication  -­‐Directs  its  gaze  -­‐Express  emotions/animations     à social  interface  !!

The  social  huggable  robot

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Robot Assisted Therapy: Autism Spectrum Disorders

!‘Don’t underestimate persons with autism, try to understand’

‘Someone with ASDs is really like you, just more extreme’ !

• widespread  abnormalities  of   social  interactions  and  communication  

• restricted  interests  • highly  repetitive  behavior • pervasive, spectrum manifestation  • may vary in level of severity  • life-time condition  !

specific individualized treatment (recommended 25 hours/week)   early and adapted interventions  

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Why social robots might be useful for ASD treatments?

1) Safety 2) Simplicityàcomplexity  3) Predictability 4) Controlability 5) Interactivity    ! High level of motivation and involvement in tasks The robot = social mediator:  

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Aim of Probo

Aim is not to replace therapists with robots, but to use the strengths of the robots to:

• facilitate and improve the therapy process  • mediate the human-child interaction  • make the learning process more pleasant & motivating, by developing

attractive RAT games

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Also other social robots

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Conclusion

• Robots are about to enter our daily life • Answer  to  societal  challenges  • Create  new  economic  markets  

• Robots will be everywhere in different forms and applications, impact bigger than the internet

• But still much research necessary • Have to think about ethical problems as well • Solve in a multidisciplinary research effort

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Research  team:  Prof.  dr.  ir.  Dirk  Lefeber,  Prof.  dr.  ir.  Bram  Vanderborght  !Dr.  ir.  Ronald  Van  Ham,  Dr.  ir.  Michaël  Van  Damme,  Dr  ir  Heidi  Cuypers,  Dr.  ir.  Bjorn  Verrelst,  Dr.  ir.  Rene  Enrique  Jimenez  Fabian,  Dr.  ir.  Mizanoor  Rahman,  Dr.  ir.  Carlos  Rodriguez  Guerrero,  dr.  ir.  Pablo  Gómez  Esteban,  Dr.  ir.  Ramazan  Unal  !lic.  Pierre  Cherelle,  ir.  Joseph  Jezic  von  Gesseneck,  ir.  Victor  Grosu,  ir.  Branko  Brackx,  ir.  Svetlana  Grosu,  ir.  Louis  Flynn,  ir.  Greet  Van  de  Perre,  ir.  Karen  Junius,  ir.  Glenn  Mathijssen,  ir.  Joost  Geeroms,  ing.  Tim  Schepers,  ir.  Maarten  Weckx,  ir.  Cao  Hoang  Long,  ir.  Laura  De  Rijcke,  ir  Tom  Verstraten,  ir  Marta  Moltedo,  Ramona  Simut,  Kristel  Knaepen,  Eva  Swinnen,  ir.  Hamed  Yaghini  !The  work  was  supported  by  several  EU  and  national  projects:  FP7:  Viactors,  Corbys,  Cyberlegs,  H2R,  BIOMOT,  DREAM,   IWT-­‐SBO:Mirad    and  ERC  starting  grant  SPEAR                          Bram.vanderborght@vub.ac.be