Post on 24-Jan-2016
description
Web 2.0 環境中數位圖書館的整合服務
陳昭珍國立台灣師範大學圖書資訊學研究所教授兼所長
大綱• 從 Web 環境談起• 從數位圖書館系統與服務談起• 圖書館自動化系統的新發展
1960 1975 1980 1995 2010
Network Wave
Data Processing Wave
Micro Wave
We are about here.
Organizational Value From Technology
Four Waves of Technology
Ubiquitous Wave
Kalle Lyytinen: The Next Wave of Nomadic Computing: A Research Agenda for Information Systems Research, 2003 ppt
Trends in Computing Technology
• From analog to digital• From circuit-switching to packet-switching• From wired to wireless• From narrowband to broadband• From big to small• From homogeneous to heterogeneous• From single-purpose device to multi-purpose
Kalle Lyytinen: The Next Wave of Nomadic Computing: A Research Agenda for Information Systems Research, 2003 ppt
Abram, Stephen” Web 2.0, library 2.0, librarian 2.0”, 2006 Taipei
大綱• 從 Web 環境談起• 從數位圖書館系統與服務談起• 圖書館自動化系統的新發展
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IU-DML系統架構
General user
Searchtool
Soundplayer
Scoreviewer
Digitaltime liner
General purposelibrary application
Multimedia MusicTheory Teaching
application
Oncourse
Theory student orinstructor
Non-majormusic studentor instructor
Soundplayback
Imageretrieval
Notationretrieval
Search
Metadata Audio VideoScore
imagesScore
notation
Applications
AccessComponents
Repositories
User InterfaceComponents
and others...
and others...
Catalogingtools
Cataloging/adminsistration
application
Cataloger ordigitization technician
DML Testbed System: 4-Layered Architecture
• Repositories: metadata, audio, video, music score images, etc.
• Access components: search, image retrieval, audio retrieval, etc.
• User interface components: sound player, score viewer, search/browse tool, etc.
• End-user applications: library search and retrieval, music theory instruction, oncourse
Visual Reserve List
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Standards and best practices endorsed by the DLF
• Metadata Encoding and Transmission Standard (METS)
• The Open Archives Initiative • Standards for electronic resource management• Institute of Museums and Library Services (IMLS). Fr
amework of Guidance for Building Good Digital Collections
• Benchmarking digital reproductions of printed monographs and serials
• The Liblicense model licensing agreement • TEI text encoding in libraries, Version 1
http://www.diglib.org/standards.htm
數位圖書館相關的課題
當世界已走遠，我們在那裡
大綱• 從 Web 環境談起• 從數位圖書館系統與服務談起• 圖書館自動化系統的新發展
OCLC 的 Open WorldCat
Open WorldCat Architecture
Aggregators
Schemas and Vocabularies
Profiles and Relationships
Content Owner
Portals
Metadata
Distribution, Search,
Display
Access
Google, Yahoo and Book Vendors Organization and Presentation
OCLC Organizes WorldCat content in model suitable for harvesting, anticipate unique aspects of various portals
OCLC Uses Host of Authentication and Authorization tools to progressively match content to rights
OCLC Developed Geo-locator services to matches users to extensive FirstSearch WorldCat institution and user profiles
WorldCat , Additional collections can be added to Worldcatlibraries domain
OCLC will use tools such as xISBN and FRBR models to organize WorldCat public views suitable for low precision access
XML 自動化系統
Parent OrganizationAccounting/Personnel/Student Registration Systems
ExternalResources
Integrated Search Interface/Customized Resource Views
User ServicesPersonal
Corporate
Custom
Access/Privileges/Authentical
UsersAcquisitions
Licensing
Transactions
Vendors
Serials Control
Claims
Bindery
Patterns UsageStatistics
Digital
Physical
Circulation
Policies
Transactions
Interlibrary Loan
Routings
Transactions
Holdings Items
Publishers, Vendors Other Archives, Libraries,Museums
RecordsAuthorities
Works
“Cataloging”
Conceptabstract collective specific
OrganizationString Language Event Time
“notional” Instantiation (specific authorities derived from selected collective Concepts)
“substantive” instantiation (derived generic authorities and/or specific instances)
authorityPlace
Instance both
authorityBeing
Instance both
authorityObject
Instance both
authorityWork
Instance both
Item
Version? Version? Version(optional) Version(optional)
HoldingsLegend:Bold Boxes=Principal ElementsItalics=selected attributesSolid Boxes=selected elementsDotted Boxes= implicit structure/ detail
HKCAN XML platform
Web interface
Records in Communication MARC format with EACC encoding
Records in XML format with EACC encoding
Records in XML format with UTF-8 encoding
HKCAN XML full text search server (Tamino)
for full text search, records display & download
HKCAN index search server
(SQL anywhere 8.0)
Full text searchIndex search
Program to convert records from Communication MARC format to XML format
Program to convert the records from CCCII encoding to UTF-8 encoding
Import the records to a relational database for index search
Retrieve the full record from HKCAN
XML server
MARC
Record conversion
00681cz 2200193n 4504001001000000003000600010005001700016008004100033010001600074035002300090040003000113066000700143100003000150670002600180670018700206670005700393678000900450700002800459000000001HkCAN19960504052613.5800523n| acannabb| |n aaa an 50026575 a(DLC#)n 50026575a aDLCcDLCdCUdDLC-RdHkCU c$11 aNakayama, Shigeru,d1928- aHis Senseijutsu, 1963 aKagaku gijutsu to ekoroj{229}i, 1995:bt.p. (Nakayama Shigeru) colophon (r; b. 1928; Ph.D. (from Harvard Univ.); prof., Kanagawa Daigaku; former asst. prof., T{229}oky{229}o Daigaku) a$1!Bs!Ci!O(':`!5=(B, 1999:bp. 2 ($1!04!;e!Th(B) aSc.D1 a$1!04!;e!Th(B,d1928-
From MARC record with EACC encoding
Record conversion (cont’d)To XML record with EACC encoding
<Name tag001 = "000000001" record_type = "00">
<Leader>00681cz 2200193n 4504</Leader>
<Tag tagcode = "003" record_type = "" ind1 = "" ind2 = "">HkCAN</Tag>
<Tag tagcode = "005" record_type = "" ind1 = "" ind2 = "">19960504052613.5</Tag>
<Tag tagcode = "008" record_type = "" ind1="" ind2="">800523n| acannabb| |n aaa </Tag>
<Tag tagcode = "010" record_type = "" ind1=" " ind2="">
<Subfield subfield_code = "a">n 50026575 </Subfield>
</Tag>
…..
<Tag tagcode = "670" record_type = "" ind1=" " ind2="">
<Subfield subfield_code = "a">$1!Bs!Ci!O(':`!5=(B, 1999: </Subfield>
<Subfield subfield_code = "b">p. 2 ($1!04!;e!Th(B) </Subfield>
</Tag>
…….
<tag_type00>$1!04!;e!Th(B, | 1928- | </tag_type00>
<tag_7xx>$1!04!;e!Th(B, | 1928- | </tag_7xx>
</Name>
Record conversion (cont’d)To XML record with UTF-8 encoding
<Name ino:docname="Name:000000001" ino:id="1" record_type="00" tag001="000000001">
<Leader>00681cz 2200193n 4504</Leader>
<Tag ind1="" ind2="" record_type="" tagcode="003">HkCAN</Tag>
<Tag ind1="" ind2="" record_type="" tagcode="005">19960504052613.5</Tag>
<Tag ind1="" ind2="" record_type="" tagcode="008">800523n| acannabb| |n aaa</Tag>
<Tag ind1="" ind2="" record_type="" tagcode="010">
<Subfield subfield_code="a">n 50026575</Subfield>
</Tag>
. ….
<Tag ind1="" ind2="" record_type="" tagcode="670">
<Subfield subfield_code="a"> 日本科学史 , 1999:</Subfield>
<Subfield subfield_code="b">p. 2 ( 中山茂 )</Subfield>
</Tag>
……..
<tag_type00> 中山茂 , | 1928- |</tag_type00>
<tag_7xx> 中山茂 , | 1928- |</tag_7xx>
</Name>
FRBR 的應用
IFLA’s FRBR Model• ER-Model, three groups of entities
• Four operations on entities: search, identify, select, obtain
Item
Workis realized through
is embodied in
is exemplified by
Translation
Expression
Adaptation Manifestation
Whole/Part
Corporate BodyPerson
Christian Mönch, Trond Aalberg, „ Automatic Conversion from MARC to FRBR”
自動建立 FRBR Instances
RecordsItem
Manifestation
SRecords
Expression
Work
Splitting
SRecordsExpression 1
SRecordsExpression 2
SRecordsWork 2
ExpressionClustering
WorkClustering
SRecordsWork 1
is realized through
• Extract manifestations and items from records
• Identify and split aggregative records
• Cluster record set to identify works
• Cluster work sets to identify expressions
• Create entities from the clusters
Christian Mönch, Trond Aalberg, „ Automatic Conversion from MARC to FRBR”
Obstacles to the Automatic Creation FRBR Model Instances• Inconsistency of data in catalogs:
– Identical information is represented differently in different records (attributes, syntaxes)
– Erroneous data
• Incompleteness of data in catalogs:– Information necessary for clustering has not been
captured in the records
Christian Mönch, Trond Aalberg, „ Automatic Conversion from MARC to FRBR”
Obstacles to the Automatic Creation FRBR Model Instances• Inconsistency of data in catalogs:
– Identical information is represented differently in different records (attributes, syntaxes)
– Erroneous data
Might be resolved automaticaly,for example, through authority files
• Incompleteness of data in catalogs:– Information necessary for clustering has not been
captured in the records
Christian Mönch, Trond Aalberg, „ Automatic Conversion from MARC to FRBR”
Obstacles to the Automatic Creation FRBR Model Instances• Inconsistency of data in catalogs:
– Identical information is represented differently in different records (attributes, syntaxes)
– Erroneous data
• Incompleteness of data in catalogs:– Information necessary for clustering has not
been captured in the records
Requires additional informationlinked to individual records
Christian Mönch, Trond Aalberg, „ Automatic Conversion from MARC to FRBR”
博碩士論文以 FRBR 呈現• 作品關連• 師承關連• 引文關連• 後續研究關連 (successor)
• 姐妹研究關連 (has a complement)
電子資源整合檢索
SFX server 提供各種可能的資源
Source 送出 OpenURL
target 提供資源
The Technology Landscape major trends
• An increasingly interconnected environment
• Network services and architecture
• New standards
• Universal access to information
An increasingly interconnected environment
• 為何環境有越來越多的連結需求– 數位時代圖書館需有更多的系統支援– 聯盟的成立及其他的合作計畫迫使系統需連結– 需與非圖書館單位連結，如校園入口網站或教
學系統– 跨應用系統的單一授權服務
An increasingly interconnected environment
• System support– Library management system– Digital object management system– Portal or metasearch system– Resolver/Linker– ILL/resource sharing system
• Growth of formalized sharing
• Interconnecting and interoperability
The Technology Landscape major trends
• An increasingly interconnected environment
• Network services and architecture
• New standards
• Universal access to information
Network services and architecture
• Presentation services
• Application
• Content services
• Common services
The Technology Landscape major trends
• An increasingly interconnected environment
• Network services and architecture
• New standards
• Universal access to information
New standards
• Repository and content standards– OAIS– Preservation– Content packaging– Content exchange– Metadata
• Application– Cross searching: Z39.50– Harvesting: OAI– Resolution: OpenURL– Niche library transaction application: NCIP and ILL
The Technology Landscape major trends
• An increasingly interconnected environment
• Network services and architecture
• New standards
• Universal access to information
Universal access to information
• Semantic web
• Web services
• Grid computing
• Wireless technology
圖書館資訊系統要跟什麼整合• 新的網路環境• 數位出版環境• 數位典藏環境• 數位學習環境
以圖書館自動化系統包括數位圖書館系統，或以數位圖書館系統
包括原圖書館自動化系統功能
典藏庫管理系統與學習物件管理模組設計
Presentation, XSL, CSS, J ava-script, etc...
DO Repository, Meta Repository, Account Management, etc...
X-system Back-end
X-system Front-end
DO metadata一個 對應多個
Schema MappingDO-meta --> LOM
●Mapping RuleEditor●Autometic LOMConvert
SCORM PackageCreator
(Asset, SCO,CA)
X-system e-Learning Application
X-system e-Learning Application Structure
Import LO/PIFExport LO/PIF
LO-Meta Editor
DO Repository, Meta Repository, Account Management, etc
System Back-end
Metadata -- DO
Cataloging module Circulation module Browsing and Searching Open linking module
Library Application
FRBR Presentation, XSL, CSS, Java-Script, etc.
System Front-end
典藏庫管理系統 與圖書館管理系統之設計
謝謝聆聽敬請批評指教