GrazynaPilatowicz,IDEC,IIDA,LEEDAPFIT,SUNY,NewYork

Sustainabledevelopmentinvolves“…mee$ngtheneedsofthepresentwithoutcompromisingtheabilityoffuturegenera$onstomeettheirownneeds.” UnitedNaEons“BurtlandReport”(1995)

TheTripleBoNomLine:Ecology,Economy,Society

TheTripleBoNomLine:Ecology,Economy,Society

TheTripleBoNomLine:

Ecology–savesnaturalresources

Economy–canbefiscallyresponsible

Society‐?

Whatis“Up‐cycling”?

  “Recyclingisprocessingusedmaterials(waste)intonewproductstopreventwasteofpotenEallyusefulmaterials,reducetheconsumpEonoffreshrawmaterials,reduceenergyusage,reduceairpolluEon(…)andwaterpolluEon(…)byreducingtheneedfor"convenEonal"wastedisposal,andlowergreenhousegasemissionsascomparedtovirginproducEon…” “Recycling.” GreenWiki.Web.4Mar.2012.

  “DowncyclingistheprocessofconverEngwastematerialsoruselessproductsintonewmaterialsorproductsoflesserqualityandreducedfuncEonality.” “Downcycling.” GreenWiki.Web.4Mar.2012.

  “UpcyclingistheprocessofconverEngwastematerialsoruselessproductsintonewmaterialsorproductsofbeNerqualityorahigherenvironmentalvalue.” “Upcycling.” GreenWiki.Web.4Mar.2012.

Iknow:Upcyclingistheoppositeofdowncycling!!!Butwhatdoesthismean?

  ReducetheconsumpEonofnewrawmaterials.

Onlysunhasunlimitedsupply

  PreventwasEngpotenEallyusefulmaterials.

  Limitwastestream.

Solidwaste=Land&SoilDegrada?on&Pollu?on  Nospaceforlandfills

  Leachate

  Methane

  Canreduceair,water,andsoilpolluEon.

  Canreduceenergyuseandlimitgreenhousegasesemissions.

TimesSquare,NewYork,2100?GreenhouseGasesEmissions=ClimateChange

LiNleFerry,NewJersey,2012GreenhouseGasesEmissions=ClimateChange

Downtown,NewYorkCity,2012GreenhouseGasesEmissions=ClimateChange

Unques?onablebenefits:

  ReducestheconsumpEonofnewrawmaterials.  PreventswasEngpotenEallyusefulmaterials.  Limitswastestream.

  Canreduceenergyuseandlimitgreenhousegasesemissions.

  Canreduceair,water,andsoilpolluEon.

  Wholestructures:High‐line,NewYork

DillerScofidio+Renfro,2009,previouslyrailroadtracks.

  Wholestructures:TateModern,London

HerzogandDeMeuron,2000,previouslypowerplant.

  Interiorspaces–ChelseaMarket,NewYork

VandebergArchitects,1998,previouslyNABISCOfactory,officeandrailroadcomplex.

  Interiorspaces–PhoenixCareerAcademy,Brooklyn,NewYork.

PhoenixHouse,1999,formerpaintfactory.

  Oneofakindfurniture‐artpieces

  Reclaimed–re‐purposed–up‐cycled

  Oneofakindfurniture‐artpieces

  Reclaimed–re‐purposed–up‐cycled

  Oneofakindfurniture‐artpieces

  Reclaimed–re‐purposed–up‐cycled

  Oneofakindfurniture‐artpieces

  Reclaimed–re‐purposed–up‐cycled

  Oneofakindfurniture‐artpieces

  Reclaimed–re‐purposed–up‐cycled

  Oneofakindfurniture‐artpieces

  Reclaimed–re‐purposed–up‐cycled

  Oneofakindfurniture‐artpieces

  Reclaimed–re‐purposed–up‐cycled–  Woodfrompallets,–  Sidingfrombarns,–  Oldfloors,

  Oneofakindfurniture/furnishings‐artpieces

  Reclaimed–re‐purposed–up‐cycled–  UsedEres–  Rubberboots–  CorkleloutfromproducEonofwinecorks–  Seatsofchairswovenfromleloutautomobileseatbeltsorders.

  IsitjustafashionorfadthatisappealingtoparEcularsecEonofsociety?

  Whyisitappealing?

Whatisbiophilia?“Theconnec$onsthathumanbeingssubconsciouslyseekwith

therestoflife” EdwardO.Wilson

Whatisbiophilicdesign?Designdeterminedby“recogni$onthatthehumanmindand

bodyevolvedinsensoriallyrichworld,onethatcon$nuestobecri$caltopeoples’health,produc$vity,emo$onal,intellectual,andevenspiritualwell‐being.” S.R.Kellert&J.H.Heerwagen

Twobasicdimensionsofbiophilicdesign:  OrganicornaturalisEcdimension(shapes,forms,processes)  Place‐basedorvernaculardimension(connecEon)

Railing detail, Basilica of San Marco, Venice & Eden Project in Cornwall, England

Thetwobasicdimensionsofbiophilicdesigncanberelatedtosixdesignelements(“tools”fordesigner)thatreconnectbuildingoccupantswithnatureandplace:

  Environmentalfeatures  Naturalshapesandforms  NaturalpaNernsandprocesses  Lightandspace  Place‐basedrelaEonships  EvolvedhumanrelaEonstonature

  NaturalPaNernsandProcesses–incorporaEonofproperEesfoundinnatureintothebuiltenvironment,ratherthantherepresentaEonorsimulaEonofenvironmentalshapesandforms.

Chelsea Markets, Vandeberg Architects, 1998

  Place‐basedrelaEonships:–  HistoricalconnecEontoplace–  CulturalconnecEontoplace–  GeographicalconnecEontoplace–  EcologicalconnecEontoplace–  Useofindigenousmaterials–  CompaEbleorientaEontolandscape–  Landscapeecology(connecEons,

corridors,biodiversity)–  IntegraEngcultureandecology–  Senseorspiritofplace

Gensler, New York Times Headquarters, New York, 2007.

  Place‐BasedRelaEonships–aninherenthumanneedtoestablishterritorialcontroloverresources,aNainingsafety,andachievingsecurity.

Wang Shu, Ningbo Historic Museum, 2009.

  IsitjustafashionorfadthatisappealingtoparEcularsecEonofsociety?

  “AnEque”or“secondhand”?

LeMarcheauxPuces,anEquesmarketsParis

  Canup‐cyclinghavenegaEveconnotaEon?

  DoesitdependoncontextandpercepEon?

  Canup‐cyclinghaveimpactonhumanhealth?

“The federal government says those shredded tires that make playgrounds across the country nice and cushy for the little ones may not be safe after all.”

  Isitsafe?Impactonindoorair:flyashinconcrete,carpetbacking,grout,acousEcceilingEles,rubberEresinflooring,arsenictreatedwood,leadinoldpaint,etc.

Design that makes us sick is not beautiful

People spend more then 90% of their life indoors

  Canthisbere‐cycledagain?

  WhathappensalerthesecondEmearound?

Isupcyclingjustapartoftheaccepted3R’smodel:

  Reduce  Reuse  RecycleOr,inotherwords:  “Doingmorewithless”

McDonough&Braungart(2002)

Unques?onablebenefits:  ReducestheconsumpEon,preventsorlimitswaste,limitsgreenhousegasesemissions,reduces

polluEon.  Atitsbestitisawonderful,playfulformthatenrichesourenvironmentandbringselementsof

historyandculture

Limita?ons:

  Ithasalimitedimpactonwastestreamunlessdoneonabigscaleofwholestructureorbuilding.

  Ithasalimitedappealthatrespondsonlytopartofthesociety

  HastobeimplementedthoughqullyandwithknowledgeandsensiEvity

  ItisnotTHEanswerforourunsustainableconsumpEon,butitisoneoftheanswers

“Theworldwillnotevolvepastitscurrentstateofcrisisbyusingthesamethinkingthatcreatedthesitua9on”

‐AlbertEinstein

  WearechoosingfromthelibraryofexisEngmaterials.WeneedtodesignnewmaterialsthataredesignedforparEcularpurposeandhaverecyclingbuilt‐in

  Weneedtodesignproductsfordisassemblyfollowing“assemblyfordisassembly”principles:–  Separatelayers–  PossibiliEesfordisassemblywithineachlayer–  Useofstandardizedmonomaterialcomponents

Source:Berge(2000)

MirrachairbyHermanMiller.

BIOMIMICRY:  Natureasmodel–studyingnature’smodelstoimitateortakeinspiraEon.

  Natureasmeasure–natureasanecologicalstandardtojudgeourinnovaEons.

  Natureasmentor–notonwhatwecanextractfromthenaturalworld,butwhatwecanlearnfromit.

JanineMBenyus.Biomimicry.

hNp://www.asknature.org/

“Cradletograve”model.

“Cradletocradle”model.

Applyingmodelfromnature:thereisnowasteinnature.

 WecannotseparateourselvesfromtheimpactofouracEons‐noneofouracEonsarebenign.

 WecaniniEatechange.

  EnvironmentalresponsibilitybecameessenEal

experEserecognizedandseekforbyclients.

  PersonalDecisions  ProfessionalEthics

“Therearenoenvironmentalproblems,onlyproblemsofhumanbehavior”

ArthurKopelman

  2009FITjoinedClintonGlobalIniEaEve  Newcoursesandcurriculumchangesthatincludesustainablethinking

  SustainableInteriorEnvironmentsMAProgram

  SustainabilityCouncil–  AnnualSustainableBusinessandDesignConferences

–  SustainabilityGrantsofupto$5K

  FacultySenateSustainabilityCommiNee

  SustainabilityStudents’Club  FreecycleArtSuppliesinTheStudents’Center,A739  Buildings&Grounds:

–  30%reducEonofenergyuse

–  Greenroofs,etc. www.fitnyc.edu/sustainability