Post on 11-Dec-2021
Reinhold Environmental Ltd.2008 NOx-Combustion Round Table & Expo Presentation
February 4-5, 2008 in Richmond, VA
1212Airflow Sciences Corporation
Case Study Case Study –– IPL Harding Street Unit 7IPL Harding Street Unit 7
1313Airflow Sciences Corporation
Case Study Case Study –– IPL Harding Street Unit 7IPL Harding Street Unit 7
Low Load• CFD model: ΔT at catalyst ±20 °F• Physical model: ΔT at catalyst ±29 °F
Mid Load• CFD model: ΔT at catalyst ±22 °F• Physical model: ΔT at catalyst ±9 °F
Operating experience since start up May 2005• No problems achieving low load turndown• NOx reduction guarantees met
Low LoadLow Load•• CFD model: CFD model: ΔΔT at catalyst T at catalyst ±±20 20 °°FF•• Physical model: Physical model: ΔΔT at catalyst T at catalyst ±±29 29 °°FF
Mid LoadMid Load•• CFD model: CFD model: ΔΔT at catalyst T at catalyst ±±22 22 °°FF•• Physical model: Physical model: ΔΔT at catalyst T at catalyst ±±9 9 °°FF
Operating experience since start up May 2005Operating experience since start up May 2005•• No problems achieving low load turndownNo problems achieving low load turndown•• NOx NOx reduction guarantees metreduction guarantees met
1414Airflow Sciences Corporation
SCR Ammonia InjectionSCR Ammonia Injection
Tracer gas in physical model
Species tracking in CFD
Tracer gas in physical Tracer gas in physical modelmodel
Species tracking in CFDSpecies tracking in CFD
1515Airflow Sciences Corporation
Ash DepositionAsh Deposition
Duct floors
Turning vanes
Catalyst
Duct floorsDuct floors
Turning vanesTurning vanes
CatalystCatalyst
1616Airflow Sciences Corporation
Ash Deposition Ash Deposition –– Model TestingModel Testing
Drop out
Re-entrainmentDrop outDrop out
ReRe--entrainmententrainment
1717Airflow Sciences Corporation
SCR Large Particle Ash CaptureSCR Large Particle Ash Capture
Catalyst openings for coal-fired plants are smaller than LPA particles
Once LPA becomes “wedged” into a cell, fine ash builds up as well• Hard to clean• Get dunes of ash on top
layer catalyst
Catalyst openings for coalCatalyst openings for coal--fired fired plants are smaller than LPA particlesplants are smaller than LPA particles
Once LPA becomes Once LPA becomes ““wedgedwedged”” into a into a cell, fine ash builds up as wellcell, fine ash builds up as well•• Hard to cleanHard to clean•• Get dunes of ash on top Get dunes of ash on top
layer catalystlayer catalyst
1818Airflow Sciences Corporation
LPA ModelingLPA ModelingTrack ash particles through the ductwork and hopper regions
Calculate hopper capture efficiency for various particle sizes
Use model to evaluate wide range of design options
Track ash particles through the Track ash particles through the ductwork and hopper regionsductwork and hopper regions
Calculate hopper capture Calculate hopper capture efficiency for various particle efficiency for various particle sizessizes
Use model to evaluate wide Use model to evaluate wide range of design optionsrange of design options
5 mm particle streamlines -60% capture
Baseline Geometry
To SCR
Faerodynamic
m aFgravitational
Fbody
Forces on an ash particle