Post on 25-Jun-2015
description
PV Li-Ion Battery System
All Rights Reserved Copyright (C) Bee Technologies Corporation 2010 1
Design Kit
Contents
Slide #
1. Lithium-Ion Batteries Pack1.1 Lithium-Ion Batteries Pack Specification..............................................................1.2 Discharge Time Characteristics...........................................................................1.3 Single Cell Discharge Characteristics..................................................................1.4 Charge Time Characteristics................................................................................
2. Solar Cells2.1 Solar Cells Specification......................................................................................2.2 Output Characteristics vs. Incident Solar Radiation.............................................
3. Solar Cell Battery Charger.........................................................................................3.1 Concept of Simulation PV Li-Ion Battery Charger Circuit.....................................3.2 PV Li-Ion Battery Charger Circuit........................................................................3.3 Charging Time Characteristics vs. Weather Condition.........................................3.4 Concept of Simulation PV Li-Ion Battery Charger Circuit + Constant Current......3.5 Constant Current PV Li-Ion Battery Charger Circuit.............................................3.6 Charging Time Characteristics vs. Weather Condition + Constant Current..........
4. Simulation PV Li-Ion Battery System in 24hr.4.1 Concept of Simulation PV Li-Ion Battery System in 24hr.....................................4.2 Short-Circuit Current vs. Time (24hr.)..................................................................4.3 PV-Battery System Simulation Circuit..................................................................4.3 PV-Battery System Simulation Result..................................................................
Simulations index............................................................................................................
3456
789101112131415
16171819-2324
2All Rights Reserved Copyright (C) Bee Technologies Corporation 2010
BAYSUN’s Lithium-Ion Batteries Pack : Power Battery Plus (PBT-BAT-0001)
• Capacity............................65[Wh], 4400[mAh] (Approximately)
• Rated Current....................3[A]
• Input Voltage.......................20.5 [Vdc]
• Output Voltage....................12.8 ~ 16.4 [Vdc] ( 4 cells )
• Charging time......................5[hours] (Approximately)
1.1 Lithium-Ion Batteries Pack Specification
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1.2 Discharge Time Characteristics
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0.2C ( 880 mA )0.5C ( 2200 mA )
1C ( 4400 mA )
Batteries Pack Model Parameters
NS (number of batteries in series) = 4 cellsC (capacity) = 4400 mASOC1 (initial state of charge) = 100%TSCALE (time scale) , simulation : real time
1 : 3600s or 1s : 1h
Discharge Rate : 0.2C(880mA), 0.5C(2200mA), and 1C(4400mA)
0
Hi
0
DMOD
D1
Voch16.8Vdc0
+ -U1PBT-BAT-0001
TSCALE = 3600SOC1 = 100
C11n
0IN-
OUT+
OUT-
IN+
G1
limit(V(%IN+, %IN-)/0.01, 0, rate*CAh )GVALUE
PARAMETERS:rate = 1CAh = 4400m
TSCALE=3600 means time Scale (Simulation time :
Real time) is 1:3600
1.3 Single Cell Discharge Characteristics
• Single cell discharge characteristics are compared between measurement data and simulation data.
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Measurement Simulation
2.00
2.50
3.00
3.50
4.00
4.50
-100102030405060708090100VO
LTAG
E [V
]
SOC [%]
0.2C ( 880mA )0.5C ( 2200mA )1.0C ( 4400mA )
Single cell
1.4 Charge Time Characteristics
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SOC [%]
Vbatt [V] ICharge [A]Batteries Pack Model Parameters
NS (number of batteries in series) = 4 cellsC (capacity) = 4400 mASOC1 (initial state of charge) = 100%TSCALE (time scale) , simulation : real time
1 : 3600s or 1s : 1h
Charger Adaptor
Input Voltage = 20.5 VdcInput Current = 880 mA(max.)
IN-
OUT+
OUT-
IN+
G1
Limit(V(%IN+, %IN-)/0.1, 0, rate*CAh ) GVALUE
DMOD
D1
Voch16.8Vdc0
0
+ -U1PBT-BAT-0001
TSCALE = 3600SOC1 = 0
Vin20.5Vdc
0
Hi
0
C11n
PARAMETERS:rate = 0.2CAh = 4400m
BP Solar’s photovoltaic module : SX330
• Maximum power (Pmax)..............30[W]
• Voltage at Pmax (Vmp).............16.8[V]
• Current at Pmax (Imp)...............1.78[A]
• Short-circuit current (Isc)...........1.94[A]
• Open-circuit voltage(Voc)...........21.0[V]
2.1 Solar Cells Specification
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502mm
595m
m
2.2 Output Characteristics vs. Incident Solar Radiation
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SX330
+U1SX330SOL = 1
Parameter, SOL is added as normalized incident radiation,
where SOL=1 for AM1.5 conditions
SOL=1
SOL=0.5
SOL=0.16
SOL=1
SOL=0.5
SOL=0.16
Cur
rent
(A)
Pow
er (W
)
Voltage (V)
SX330 Output Characteristics vs. Incident Solar Radiation
3. Solar Cell Battery Charger
• Solar Cell charges the Li-ion batteries pack (PBT-BAT-001) with direct connect technique. Choose the solar cell that is able to provide current at charging rate or more with the maximum power voltage (Vmp) nears the batteries pack charging voltage.
• PBT-BAT-0001 (Li-ion batteries pack)
– Charging time is approximately 5 hours with charging rate 0.2C or 880mA
– Voltage during charging with 0.2C is between 14.7 to 16.9 V
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14.7 V
14.9 V
0.2C or 880mA
3.1 Concept of Simulation PV Li-Ion Battery Charger Circuit
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Lithium-Ion Batteries Pack
Photovoltaic Module
Over Voltage Protection Circuit
16.8V Clamp Circuit
PBT-BAT-0001 (BAYSUN)DC12.8~16.4V (4 cells)4400mAh
SX 330 (BP Solar)Vmp=16.8VPmax=30W
Short circuit current ISCdepends on condition: SOL
3.2 PV Li-Ion Battery Charger Circuit
• Input value between 0-1 in the “PARAMETERS: sol = ” to set the normalized incident radiation, where SOL=1 for AM1.5 conditions.
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DMOD
D1
Voch16.8Vdc0
0
Hi
0
C11n
PARAMETERS:sol = 1
SX330
+U2SX330SOL = {sol}
0
pv
+ -U1PBT-BAT-0001
TSCALE = 3600SOC1 = 0
3.3 Charging Time Characteristics vs. Weather Condition
• Simulation result shows the charging time for sol = 1, 0.5, and 0.16.
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sol = 1.00 sol = 0.50sol = 0.16
3.4 Concept of Simulation PV Li-Ion Battery Charger Circuit + Constant Current
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Lithium-Ion Batteries Pack
Photovoltaic Module
Over Voltage Protection Circuit
16.8V Clamp Circuit
PBT-BAT-0001 (BAYSUN)DC12.8~16.4V (4 cells)4400mAh
SX 330 (BP Solar)Vmp=16.8VPmax=30W
Constant Current Control Circuit
Icharge=0.2C (880mA)
Short circuit current ISCdepends on condition: SOL
3.5 Constant Current PV Li-Ion Battery Charger Circuit
• Input the battery capacity (Ah) and charging current rate (e.g. 0.2*CAh) in the • “PARAMETERS: CAh = 4400m and rate = 0.2 ” to set the charging current.
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DMOD
D1
Voch16.8Vdc0
0
Hi
0
C11n
PARAMETERS:sol = 1
SX330
+U2SX330SOL = {sol}
0
pv
PARAMETERS:rate = 0.2CAh = 4400m
IN-
OUT+
OUT-
IN+
G1
Limit(V(%IN+, %IN-)/0.1, 0, rate*CAh)GVALUE
+ -U1PBT-BAT-0001
TSCALE = 3600SOC1 = 0
3.6 Charging Time Characteristics vs. Weather Condition(Constant Current)
• Simulation result shows the charging time for sol = 1, 0.5, and 0.16. If PV can generate current more than the constant charge rate (0.2A), battery can be fully charged in about 5 hour.
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sol = 1.00 sol = 0.50sol = 0.16
4.1 Concept of Simulation PV Li-Ion Battery System in 24hr.
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Lithium-Ion Batteries Pack
Photovoltaic Module
Over Voltage Protection Circuit
16.8V Clamp Circuit
PBT-BAT-0001 (BAYSUN)DC12.8~16.4V (4 cells)4400mAh
SX 330 (BP Solar)Vmp=16.8VPmax=30W
DC/DC Converter
Vopen= (V)Vclose= (V)
The model contains 24hr. solar power data (example).
DC Load
VIN=10~18VVOUT=5V
VIN = 5VIIN = 1.5A
Low-Voltage Shutdown Circuit
4.2 Short-Circuit Current vs. Time (24hr.)
• Short-circuit current vs. time characteristics of photovoltaic module SX330 for 24hours as the solar power profile (example) is included to the model.
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SX330
+
U2SX330_24H_TS3600
The model contains 24hr. solar power data
(example).
4.3 PV-Battery System Simulation Circuit
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Ronof f 1
100dchth
Low-Voltage Shutdown Circuit
DC/DC Converter
DMOD
D1
Voch16.8Vdc0
0
batt
0
C1100nIC = 16.4
0
pv
+ -U1PBT-BAT-0001
TSCALE = 3600SOC1 = 70
SX330
+
U2SX330_24H_TS3600
batt1C310n
+-
+
-S2S
VON = 0.7VOFF = 0.3
ROFF = 10MEGRON = 0.01
0
0
IN+IN-
OUT+OUT-
ecal_Iomax
n*V(%IN+, %IN-)*I(IN)/5EVALUE
Iomax
0
IN+IN-
OUT+OUT-
E2
IF( V(lctrl) > 0.25 ,Lopen ,Lclose) EVALUE
0
PARAMETERS:Lopen = 14Lclose = 15.2
IN+IN-
OUT+OUT-
E1
IF(V(batt1)>V(dchth),5,0)EVALUERonof f
100
Conof f1nIC = 5
Lctrl
PARAMETERS:n = 1
I11.5Adc
0
OUT
IN+IN-
OUT+OUT-
E3
IF( I(OUT)-V(Iomax) > 0 ,n*V(%IN+, %IN-)*I(IN)/(I(OUT)+1u), 5 )EVALUE
out_dc
DMOD
D2
Conof f 1100n
IN-
OUT+
OUT-
IN+
G1
Limit( V(%IN+, %IN-)/0.1, 1m, 5*I(out)/(n*limit(V(%IN+, %IN-),10,25)) )
GVALUE
IN
Solar cell model with 24hr. solar
power data.
Lopen value is load shutdown voltage.
Lclose value is load reconnect voltage
Set initial battery voltage, IC=16.4, for
convergence aid.
SOC1 value is initial State Of Charge of
the battery, is set as 70% of full voltage.
7.5W Load (5Vx1.5A).
Simulation at 15W load, change I1 from 1.5A to 3A
4.3.1 Simulation Result (SOC1=100)
• C1: IC=16.4• Run to time: 24s (24hours in real world)• Step size: 0.01s
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PV generated current
Battery current
Battery voltage
Battery SOC
DC/DC input current
DC output voltage
• .Options ITL4=1000
SOC1=100 Fully charged, stop charging
Battery supplies current when solar power drops.
PV module charge the battery
Charging time
4.3.2 Simulation Result (SOC1=70)
• C1: IC=16.4• Run to time: 24s (24hours in real world)• Step size: 0.01s• SKIPBP
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PV generated current
Battery current
Battery voltage
Battery SOC
DC/DC input current
DC output voltage
• .Options ITL4=1000
SOC1=70
V=Lopen
V=Lclose
Shutdown
Reconnect
Fully charged, stop charging
Battery supplies current when solar power drops.
PV module charge the battery
Charging time
4.3.3 Simulation Result (SOC1=30)
• C1: IC=15• Run to time: 24s (24hours in real world)• Step size: 0.01s• Total job time = 2s
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PV generated current
Battery current
Battery voltage
Battery SOC
DC/DC input current
DC output voltage
• .Options ITL4=1000
SOC1=30
V=Lopen
V=Lclose
Shutdown
Reconnect
Fully charged, stop charging
Battery supplies current when solar power drops.
PV module charge the battery
Charging time
4.3.4 Simulation Result (SOC1=10)
• C1: IC=14.4• Run to time: 24s (24hours in real world)• Step size: 0.01s• SKIPBP
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PV generated current
Battery current
Battery voltage
Battery SOC
DC/DC input current
DC output voltage
• .Options RELTOL=0.01• .Options ITL4=1000
SOC1=10
V=Lclose
Shutdown
Reconnect
Fully charged, stop charging
Battery supplies current when solar power drops.
PV module charge the battery
Charging time
4.3.5 Simulation Result (SOC1=100, IL=3A or 15W load)
• C1: IC=16.4• Run to time: 24s (24hours in real world)• Step size: 0.001s
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PV generated current
Battery current
Battery voltage
Battery SOC
DC/DC input current
DC output voltage
• .Options ITL4=1000
SOC1=100 Fully charged, stop charging
Battery supplies current when solar power drops.
PV module charge the battery
Charging time
V=Lopen
Shutdown
V=Lopen
Shutdown
4.3.4 Simulation Result (Example of Conclusion)
The simulation start from midnight(time=0). The system supplies DC load 7.5W.• If initial SOC is 100%,
– this system will never shutdown.• If initial SOC is 70%,
– this system will shutdown after 5.185 hours (about 5:11AM.).– system load will reconnect again at 7:40AM (Morning).
• If initial SOC is 30%, – this system will shutdown after 1.633 hours (about 1:38AM.).– system load will reconnect again at 7:37AM (Morning).
• If initial SOC is 10%, – this system will start shutdown.– this system will reconnect again at 7:37AM (Morning).
• With the PV generated current profile, battery will fully charged in about 4.25 hours.
The simulation start from midnight(time=0). The system supplies DC load 15W.• If initial SOC is 100%,
– this system will shutdown after 3.897 hours (about 3:54AM.).– system load will reconnect again at 7:37AM (Morning).– this system will shutdown again at 8:28 PM (Night).
• With the PV generated current profile, battery will fully charged in about 5.5 hours.
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Simulations index
Simulations Folder name
1. PV Li-Ion Battery Charger Circuit...................................................
2. Constant Current PV Li-Ion Battery Charger Circuit......................
3. PV-Battery System Simulation Circuit (SOC1=100).......................
4. PV-Battery System Simulation Circuit (SOC1=70).........................
5. PV-Battery System Simulation Circuit (SOC1=30).........................
6. PV-Battery System Simulation Circuit (SOC1=10).........................
7. PV-Battery System Simulation Circuit (SOC1=100, 15W).............
charge-sol
charge-sol-const
sol_24h_soc100
sol_24h_soc70
sol_24h_soc30
sol_24h_soc10
sol_24h_soc100_15W
All Rights Reserved Copyright (C) Bee Technologies Corporation 2010 25