UBUHINZI BW’IBIRAYI MU RWANDA

(Potato production in Rwanda)

Ndacyayisenga Theophile, RAB,

Akarere k’Ubuhinzi k’Amajyaruguru Kadahenda 28/04/2016

Intangiriro

• Ibirayi ni igihingwa kimaze igihe kirekire gihingwa mu Rwanda kuko cyazanywe n’abakoloni b’Abadage mu ntangiriro

y’ikinyejana cya 20.

• Ni igihingwa kiri kumwanya wa kabiri mu kurwanya inzara mu Rwanda nyuma y’ibitoki.

• Ni igihingwa kiri mu by’ingenzi mu Rwanda MINAGRI ishyizemo imbaraga kubera ko cyera neza mu gihugu kandi kikaba kizanira amafaranga abanyarwanda.

Ubuhinzi bw’ibirayi mu Rwanda

- Ubuso buhingwaho ibirayi mu Rwanda ku mwaka:

100,000-150,000 (hegitari), Hakaba hakenewe

imbuto ingana na toni irihagati ya toni 250,000 t na

toni 325,000 t.

- Umusaruro w’ibirayi: 1,000,000-1,500,000 (toni)

- Umurumbuko w’ibirayi kuri hegitari : 10-15 (toni)

- Igihingwa ngandurarugo (125kg/umuntu1/umwaka)

kandi kinjiza n’amafaranga

- Igihingwa kera vuba (iminsi 100-120)

- Ihingwa gitanga umusaruro mwinshi ku buso buto

mu gihe gito (Urugero: 300kg/ari 1/amezi 3)

Ubuhinzi bw’Ibirayi mu Rwanda

• Umusaruro w’ibirayi mu Rwanda uracyari muto kumuhinzi (10toni/ha) ugereranyije n’uw’ ibihugu byateje imbere imihingire y’ibirayi (40toni/ha muri Africa y’Epfo)

• Umuhinzi wo Rwanda ashobora gukuba 2 umusaruro w’ibirayi abona ku mwaka aramutseyongereye umurumbuko wabyo kuri hegitari

Aho ibirayi bihingwa mu Rwanda

Ubushyuhe:

15-22oC

Imuzandengo

y’imvura: 1200

mm

Ubutumburuke:

1800 m-2400 m

Amoko y’ibirayi ahingwa mu Rwanda (Potato varieties in Rwanda)

Amoko

y’ibirayi

Ibiyaranga

Veg.C (dys)Umusarur

o(t/ha)

Umunsinziro

(dys)

Imyitwarire

kuri

kirabiranya

Imyitawrire

ku mvura

Sangema 110-120 25 100-120 Irihangana Ntiyihangana

Kinigi 120-135 25 120 Irihangana Irihangana

Kirundo 100-110 25 30-50 Ntiyihangan Irihangana

Mabondo 100-110 25 50-60 Irihangana Irihangana

Victoria 100-110 25 30-50 Irihangana Ntiyihangana

Cruza 120-130 25 20-30 Irihangana Irihangana

Gikungu 100-120 34 70 Ntiyihangana Irihangana

Kigega 100-120 39 70 Irihangana Irihangana

Mizero 100-120 40 60 Irihangana Irihangana

Impamvu zituma umurumbuko w’ibirayi uba

muto mu Rwanda (Yield gap drivers in Rwanda)

- Ubutaka bwagundutse;

- Uburyo bw’imihingire budahwitse;

- Kudakoresha amoko y’ibirayi afite ubushobozi bwo

kugira umurumbuko munini (ku kigereranyo cya 35

T/ha);

- Gukoresha imbuto mbi kandi akenshi zirwaye

ahanini Kirabiranya, Indwara y’imvura (Mildiou),

virusi cyangwa zangijwe n’ibyonnyi (ibishorobwa)

- Uburyo butanoze bwo kurwanya indwara bituma

zongera ubukana

Impamvu zituma umurumbuko w’ibirayi uba

muto mu Rwanda

- Abatubuzi b’imbuto/Abahinzi badakoresha byuzuyeinyongeramusaruro za ngombwa (Ifumbire y’imboreran’imvaruganda, imbuto z’indobanure, imiti) hamwen’ikoreshwa z’inyongeramusaruro zidahagije cyangwazitujuje ubuziranenge);

- Kutubahiriza ibipimo byemewe by’inyongeramusarurozikoreshwa bitewe ahanini no kutagira izihagije cg n’ubumenyi buke bw’abahinzi ;

-Kudakurikiza igihe k’isimburanya bihingwa (Ibihembweby’ihinga 4) bitewe n’ubuto bw’amasambu mu tureretweramo cyane ibirayi;

- Imbuto zitaboneka neza cyangwa se zitameze neza;

-Kutagira ubuhunikiro bwabugenewe ku bahinzi bato bigateraigihombo gituruka kukubora kw’imbuto ibitswe nabi.

Imihingire mibi

Imihingire myiza

Inkomoko y’imbuto ikoreshwa n’abahinzi

mu Rwanda

• Imbuto y’ibirayi itangwa• Mu buryo bugenzuwe na RAB : 10-15%

• Mu buryo butagenzuwe :85-90%.

• Mu buryo butagenzuwe (85-90%) • Hakoreshwa imbuto abahinzi bibikiye ubwabo,

• Imbuto bagenda bahanahana,

• Impano cyangwa ubundi buryo

• Imbuto zaguzwe ku masoko yegereye abahinzi

!?Izi mbuto akenshi ziba zitujuje ubuziranenge.

Ingamba zo kongera umusaruro w’ibirayi

mu Rwanda • Kongerera ubushobozi RAB kugira ngo imbuto ziva

mu bushakashatsi ziyongere ku byiciro byose

by’imbuto;

• Kongerera ubushobozi no gukangurira abahinzi

babishoboye kujya mu butubuzi bw’imbuto y’ibirayi

kandi ibi bakabikora neza kuri buri gihembwe

cy’ihinga;

• Gukangurira abatubuzi babishoboye cg

amakoperative abishoboye atubura ibirayi gushyiraho

green houses kugira ngo itubura rya minitubers

riziyongere;

Ingamba zo kongera umusaruro w’ibirayi mu

Rwanda

• Gushishikariza abahinzi kugira umuco wo gukorana n’abatubuzi b’imbuto nziza kugirango bagirane amasezerano ahamye yo kubatuburira imbuto izakenerwa buri gihembwe k’ihinga.

• Gukora ubuvugizi ku bigo by’imari kugirango bifashe abahinzi babyiyemeje kubona igishoro.

Umwanzuro

• “Turebye ukuntu umusaruro w’ibirayi

by’imbuto ufite isoko, Leta yonyine ntishobora

guhaza iryo soko, kubera iyo mpamvu

hakwiye kunozwa uburyo abikorera ku giti

cyabo bashishikarizwa kwinjira mu ituburwa

ry’imbuto y’ibanze.

• RAB izafasha abikorera ku giti cyabo muri

icyo gikorwa ibaha inkunga tekiniki ikenewe

no gukora ubuvugizi ku nkunga y’igishoro”.

Acknowledgements

We would like to acknowledge Humidtropics and the CGIAR Fund Donors

for their provision of core and project-specific funding without which this

research could not deliver results that eventually positively impact the lives

of millions of smallholder farmers in tropical Americas, Asia and Africa.

This presentation was made at a training workshop on Integrated Potato Crop

Management organized by International Potato Center (CIP) for Innovation

Platform (IP) members of Kadahenda, Rwanda.

Murakoze!Thank you!

Fore more information/Ibindi bisobanuro:

Email: theophillo@yahoo.fr

Mob Tel: +250788613113 or +250728613113