Printed Circuit Board at HomePCB

Presented By

T.Anandkumar M.E PED 1st year

Introduction

• A Printed Circuit Board (PCB) mechanically supports and electrically connects electronic components using conductive tracks, pads and other features etched from copper sheets.

• And also it is very easy to make a PCB at home at very low of cost.

• PCBs can be single sided, double sided or multi-layer. Multi-layer PCBs allow for much higher component density. And multi layer is not possible to manufacturing at home.

• Conductors on different layers are connected with plated-through holes called vias. Advanced PCBs may contain components - capacitors, resistors or active devices - embedded in the substrate.

PCB Process

• Changing the copper clad into Printed circuit board with trace, holes, Vias etc.,

• At last components are soldered with lead and soldering iron.

Methods of Manufacturing PCB

There are so many methods are they some of the methods where mentioned below.

1. Toner Transfer method2. Photo-resist method3. Screen printing method and etc.,

Toner Transfer Method

• Toner Transfer method is used to manufacture Small quantity of board. i.e. one or two

• It is very simple method• Ferric chloride is used as Etching solution • Glossy paper is used to transfer the Trace to

the board.

Toner Transfer Process

• At first heat the copper clad and then place the glossy paper which contains trace and place it on the surface of the clad.

• And heat once again with laminator and remove the paper now trace will stick to the clad.

• Using Ferric chloride as Etching solution will etch the copper and then clean with acetone.

Pictures of Toner Transfer Method

Merits and Demerits of Toner Transfer Method

Merits:-• It is very cheap to do• Time consumption to make a PCB is very lessDemerits:-• Accuracy of the trace is very less.• Solder-resist can’t be done by this method.

Photo-Resist Method

• Photo-Resist method is used to manufacture Maximum amount of board. i.e. one to Many boards.

• It is also very simple and easy method.• Time consumption is low when compared to the

Toner Transfer method.• Instead of glossy paper, the OHP sheet and Photo-

Resist film is used.• Using this method double side trace can be done.• And UV lights are used to expose the photo-resist

film.

• Clean and dry the clad, Photo-resist film is placed in the surface of the clad

• Now the clad is expose to the UV light with Trace where OHP is printed.

• At last the clad is ready to etch.

Photo-Resist Process

Pictures of Photo-Resist Method

Merits and Demerits of Photo-Resist Method

Merits:-• It is very cheap to do and large amount of order

can be done by this method.• Accuracy of the trace is very high like professional.Demerits:-• For larger amount the cost of the PCB is More

Photo – resist film is need to buy.• Time consumption to make a PCB is more when

compared to the Toner Transfer method.

Screen Printing Method

• Screen Printing method is used to manufacture Maximum amount of board only. i.e. More than 10 boards. If reduce the board then increase the manufacture cost.

• It is hard to make when compare to the other methods.

• Time consumption is low while manufacture large amount of clad.

• Instead of glossy paper, OHP sheet and Photo- Resist film the photo screen printing solution is used.

Screen Printing Process• Using photo screen printing

solution trace, silk screen and solder mask template is prepared.

• Ink is used for trace, silk screen and solder mask.

• By sliding the ink from Upside to downside in the template then the ink is spread evenly in the copper clad.

• Now it is ready to expose in the UV light.

Pictures of Screen Printing Method

Merits and Demerits of Screen Printing Method

Merits:-• It is very cheap to do and large amount of

order can be done by this method.• Accuracy of the trace is very high like

professional.Demerits:-• Making template is little complex.• More UV ink is required to do.

Overall Advantages

• Time consumption to make a PCB is very less• PCB can be manufacture using House hold

products.• Both double layer and single layer can be done• Solder resist is also can be done.

Overall Disadvantages

• Chemicals which is used are very toxic• After completed, the PCB chemicals should be

dispose properly. Disposal of chemical is very complicated.

• Proper protection should be takes place.• Multi layer PCBs can’t be manufacture at the

home