Post on 13-Jun-2020
THE JAPANESE KANJI CHARACTER THAT MEANS “BUSY” COMES FROM…
Norito Kawakami, MD The University of Tokyo Presentation at a seminar of the World Development Report 2015 4 Feb., 2015
心亡 …LOSING ONE’S MIND.
He ignored me!
He must be busy…
Otsuchi town, Iwate, Japan, May 2011
STRESS CHANGES OUR COGNITIVE PERFORMANCE
STRESS COGNITIVE
PERFORMANCE
Risky choice
Poor set-shifting
Childhood stress
Overtime Work Stress
Virtanen M, et al. Am J Epidemiol 2009; Ohira et al. Neurosci 2011; Kawasaki et al. Soc Neurosci 2015.
Facts about mental health • 800,000 people die every year due to suicide
(WHO, 2014). The number was 1.5 times greater than that due to murder, 3 times greater than that due to war.
• Following back pain, depressive disorder is the 2nd cause of living with impairment (Murray et al., 2012).
• Mental disorders in early life causes 1% loss of gloss national product per year (Kawakami et al., 2012)
WHO. WHO methods and data sources for country-level causes of death 2000-2012, 2014; Murray et al. Lancet 2012; Kawakami et al. Biol Psychiatry 2012
Take home message
Mental health/well-
being
Health & productivity
Effective implemen-
tation of policy
Develop-ment
Mental health & well-being has a “dual effect” on sustainable development.
… and the development policy affects mental health & well-being.
3 keys for mental health & well-being
in development
• Providing education & training • Designing psychosocial support &
treatment for those with difficulties
• Improving social determinants
Six-week psychological e-training decreases a risk of depressive disorders (MDD). Imamura, Kawakami, et al. Psychological Medicine, 2015 9
In the intervention
group, 0.8% had MDD
In the control group, 3.9% had
MDD
Months since the baseline
Prop
ortio
n of
wor
ker r
emai
ning
hea
lthy
Education & training
Psychosocial support & treatment for those with difficulties
Community and family supports
Basic services and security
Focused, non-specialised
supports
Specialised services
The Inter-Agency Standing Committee (IASC) , 2007
The Pyramid for Mental and Psychosocial Support
Improving social determinants
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0Age-
adju
sted
suic
ide
rate
per
100
,000
Proportion of people who reported trust among their neighbors
MalesFemales
Okamoto et al. Environ Health Preventive Med 2012.
Social trust and suicide in the metropolitan Tokyo
Beddington et al. The mental wealth of nations. Nature 2008.
The UK Government Office “The Foresight Project on Mental Capital and Wellbeing”
Boosting brain power in young and old Early detection of mental disorders Learning throughout life Addressing needs for a changing workplace
Mental capital
AGE →
Mental Capital & Mental Well-being
Toward the Post-2015 Development Agenda Post MDGs: Open Working Group’s Draft Sustainable Development Goals Goal 3. Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages • 3.4 by 2030 reduce by one-third pre-mature mortality from non-communicable diseases (NCDs) through prevention and treatment, and promote mental health and wellbeing Draft Post-2015 Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction (HFA2)(will be adopted at UN WCDRR in March) Priority 4: Enhancing disaster preparedness for effective response, and to Build Back Better in recovery, rehabilitation and reconstruction 31. To achieve this, it is necessary to: (o) Enhance recovery schemes to provide psychosocial support and mental health services for all people in need.