Post on 03-Jun-2018
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Solar & Biomass Hybrid
5 MW Hybrid Solar Thermal + Biomass Plant
Neha Energie
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Technology Overview
Financial Overview
Conclusions
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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Plant Schematic Hybrid
Solar Thermal Biomass Plant
Pump
Steam
TurbineGenerator
Condenser
Heat
Exchanger
Electricity
Parabolic Troughs
Biomass Gasifier
Two-Stage Boiler
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2800 kJ/kg
3306 kJ/kg
498 kJ/kg
1097 kJ/kg
20%
20%
60%
x
xx
x100
200
300
400
600 psia isobar
Superheated steam required to generate useful power
o Requires almost 80% of the energy from the boiler to reach saturated
vapor phase.
o Use solar energy for this purpose.
Plant Operation Hybrid
Solar Thermal Biomass Plan
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Solar & biomass are the only renewable resources that
make sense in most of the parts of India
Solar only approach can utilize either PV or solar
thermalo Both suffer from low capacity factor in India due to tropical
conditions (high humidity and rain showers)
Biomass only approach works but supply can be an
issue, especially in drought conditions.
o Results in variable O&M costs
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Why Hybrid Solar + Biomass Plant
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Parabolic trough concentrator
Biomass Gasifier
Boiler (producer gas burner)
Super heated steam turbine
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Major System Components
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Parabolic Trough Concentrator
High efficiency and durable mirror
film technology
Temperatures up to 300oC.
Less thermal losses.
Modular & scalable.
Space frame light weight technology
Ease in construction and tracking.
Medium Temperature Parabolic Trough (MTPT)
Fig: MTPT pilot plant at Florida
( Source: SET Florida)
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MTPT - Technical SpecificationsTECHNICAL DETAILS
Construction Materials Aluminum and Steel
Reflective Surface Reflective Film
Reflectivity 0.94Absorber Material Steel
Selective Surface Cermet
Absorber Envelope Borosilicate Glass
Max Wind Speed tolerance 110 mph
Life Expectancy 20 years
TROUGH GEOMETRY
Module Aperture Width 2.74 m 9 ft
Module Aperture Length 12 m 39.4 ft
Module Aperture Area 32.9 sq. m 354 sq. ft
Focal Length 1.49 m 4.9 ft
Number of modules per Solar Collector Assembly (SCA) 8
Total SCA length 100 m 328 ft
Net Aperture Area 263 sq. m 2830 sq. ft
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Gasifier
Gasification
o Thermo-chemical process converts biomassinto a gas.
o The resulting gaseous compound is called Syngas
Syngas consists of hydrogen and carbon monoxide (and
lesser amounts of carbon dioxide and other trace gases)
under oxygen depleted, high pressure, high-heat and/or
steam conditions.
The gasifier is essentially a chemical reactor where various
complex physical and chemical processes take place.
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Other System Components
Boiler
o Customized to provide superheated steam
o Designed to burn syngas from gasifier
o NOx emissions up to 30 ppm
o Temperatures up to 450 C are achievable
o Efficiency 88 to92%
Turbine
o Multistage impulse, extraction cum condensing
o Designed to produce 5 MW electricity
o Working at 450C and 40atm
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Proposed Plant DetailsSOLAR FIELD
Total number of modules 960
Arrangement 3 loops in series & 20 strings in parallel
Mass flow rate 5 kg/s
Working Fluid Therminol VP-1
Energy contribution from solar field annually at 1000W/m2 18%
TURBINE
Inlet temperature 450 C
Total thermal energy input for the steam turbine 16.67MW
Net electric output of the steam turbine 5MW
BIOMASS GASIFIER
Arrangement 3 numbers in parallel
Model Ankur Scientific gasifiers ( WBG-2200)
Rated gas flow 4,950 Nm3/hr
Average gas calorific value 1100 Kcal/Nm3
Rated thermal output 54,45,000 Kcal/hr
Maximum biomass consumption Maximum 1980 Kg/hr
Moisture content < 20% (Wet Basis)
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Proposed Plant Operation
When Solar Radiation is available
Solar field heats the working fluid (Therminol) from an input temperature
of 1200C to 250oC at 40atm saturated vapour.
The working fluid passes through the biomass boiler to reach the steam
turbine at input temperature of 4500C 40atm super heated.
One gasifier only runs at 50-70% capacity and the others get turned off.
When Solar Radiation is not available
Therminol bypasses the solar field and is completely heated in the
boiler.
All gasifiers run at full capacity to provide required thermal input of
16.67MW/H.
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Expected Plant Performance Expected energy output
o
Solar - 67,01,400 kWh (18%)
o Biomass - 3,05,28,600 kWh (82%)
o Total - 3,72,30,000 kWh
Annual Energy contribution from solar - 18% @ DNI: 5.4
Daily Biomass consumption - 116 tonnes
Annual Biomass consumption - 36,000 tonnes
Total biomass savings (approx) - 7500 tonnes a year
Assumptions:-
Plant uptime : 85%
Boiler efficiency : 90%
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Technology Overview
Financial Overview
Conclusions
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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Important AssumptionsASSUMPTIONS
Plant Capacity 5 MW
Plant Load Factor 85%Energy Generation in Units 37.23 million units
Auxiliary Consumption 8%
Tariff INR 7.50
Biomass Consumption 36,000 tonnes per annum
Biomass Cost including transportation INR 2,500 per tonneTotal Project Cost including IDC INR 933.6 million
Debt Equity Ratio 70:30
Term Loan interest rate 13%
Working Capital interest rate 13%
Repayment of debt 1 year moratorium + 9 yearsO&M cost INR 2 million / MW
Escalation of Biomass rate 5% per annum
Escalation of O&M cost 5% per annum
Power Tariff Increase 2% per year
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Plant and Machinery Break UpPLANT COST BREAK UP
LAND AND SITE DEVELOPMENT 49.50
PLANT AND MACHINERY 699.1
Boiler & Auxiliary 10.0
Turbine & Auxiliary 55.0
Solar Field 510.0
Gasifier 41.4
Civil Works For Boiler, Turbine & Other Equipment 30.0Power Evacuation & Distribution System 20.0
Fuel Handling System 10.0
Others 22.7
EPC CHARGES 45.0
PREOPERATIVE EXPENSES INCLUDING IDC AND
CONTINGENCIES 117.22
TOTAL PLANT COST INCLUDING WC MARGIN 933.6
All figures in INR million
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Important RatiosIMPORTANT RATIOS
DSCR
- Average 1.50- Minimum 1.01
- Maximum 21.39
IRR 14.67%
Equity IRR 17.43%
Payback Period 7thyear from COD
LEVELIZED COST OF ELECTRICITY
Assumed Return on Equity 15%
Levelized Variable Cost INR 3.49
Levelized Fixed Cost INR 4.41
LEVELIZED COST OF ELECTRICITY INR 7.90 PER UNIT
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Technology Overview
Financial Overview
Conclusions
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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THANK YOU!
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