Mixed-Use Building in Paddington, London

Faculdade de Arquitetura e Urbanismo - Universidade de São PauloEnvironmental Building: Architecture and Thermal Performance of Buildings

Amanda Santos Ferreira - USP Student ID 8555928Barbara Iamauchi - USP Student ID 8555866Denis Iwaoka Shiki - USP Student ID 7598208

Gabriel Bonansea de Alencar Novaes - USP Student ID 7177696Rose Raad - USP Student ID 8555205

Site 3 – 20 Lord Hills Road W2 6PD, Paddington, London, United Kingdom

Site 3 – 20 Lord Hills Road W2 6PD, Paddington, London, United Kingdom

View of the Southwest Corner of the Site

View of the Southwest Corner of the Site

View of the West Side of the Site and North Neighboor

Programme

• 7 Residential Units. Studio apartments: Type 1 (4 units) – 58,7 m² (46,6 m² indoor + 12,1 m² balcony) / Type 2 (3 units) – 46,6 m² (indoor)

• Ground Floor: Café with External Garden + Access and Bike Parking for Residential and Co-Working Area

• Top Floor: Co-Working Area + Common leisure area above the neighbor building

Café Residential common area

Residential UnitsLeisure Area Co-Working Area

Ground Floor

Café

Mesas externas do café nas calçadas frontal e traseira do edifício

Residential common area

Top FloorÁrea de Lazer e DescansoCo-Working Area

RU Type 1

Standard Floor Plan

•Facades East (114º) and West (287º): sun and natural illumination in all units in the morning and in the afternoon

North face semi-dettached

Big openings (1,20m kitchen| 1,40m others)

stimulate the natural ventilation through chimney

effect

Big openings for south facade. Shading

protection from the balcony.

Doors, windows, columns and beams indicate several possibilities of space layout

Standard Floor Plan

Soundproofing between unitsSolid 15cm concrete slabs

Dorms. in west facade for afternoon heatingHeat accumulation for night-used space

Thermal Inertia

Heavy and solid materials

(Ceramic masonry brick)

Passive Ventilation, Natural

Illumination and Higher Solar Heat

Gain during Winter

Big and tall opening windows

Heat gains reduction during winter and heat loss reduction during the summer

Shading and ninght shutterStandard Floor PlanCross Natural Passive Ventilation

Double glazing (heat loss reduction during the winter)

Windows with two layers of glass and internal air

layer.

High absortance

Dark brown bricks bring high

absortance for heat

accumulation

1

The influence of the wall U-Value in the inspace heatingA influência do valor de transmitância térmica da parede no gasto energético com

aquecimento

2

1 2 3

4

MATERIALS Thickness [m]

Brickwork 0,19

Cotton fibre 0,125

Plasterboard 0,0125

Plasterboard 0,0125

Utotal [W/m²K] 0,15

MATERIALS Thickness [m]

Brickwork 0,19

Cotton fibre 0,10

Plasterboard 0,0125

Plasterboard 0,0125

Utotal [W/m²K] 0,18

3

MATERIALS Thickness [m]

Brickwork 0,19

Cotton fibre 0,10

Utotal [W/m²K] 0,20

4

MATERIALS Thickness [m]

Brickwork 0,19

Utotal [W/m²K] 2,46

36%

WINDOW AREA

FLOOR AREA

U value [W/m²K]

Continuous Heating per m²

[kWh]

Intermittent Heating per m²

[kWh] 1 0,15 1,58 1,342 0,18 1,73 1,473 0,20 1,83 1,564 2,46 34,42 29,26

int ext

2

1 2 3

4

1

MATERIALS Thickness [m]

Brickwork 0,19

Cotton fibre 0,125

Plasterboard 0,0125

Plasterboard 0,0125

Utotal [W/m²K] 0,15

MATERIALS Thickness [m]

Brickwork 0,19

Cotton fibre 0,10

Plasterboard 0,0125

Plasterboard 0,0125

Utotal [W/m²K] 0,18

3

MATERIALS Thickness [m]

Brickwork 0,19

Cotton fibre 0,10

Utotal [W/m²K] 0,20

4

MATERIALS Thickness [m]

Brickwork 0,19

Utotal [W/m²K] 2,46

U value [W/m²K]

ContinuousHeating per m²

[kWh]

IntermittentHeating per m²

[kWh] 1 0,15 14,35 12,202 0,18 17,66 15,013 0,20 18,12 15,404 2,46 77,79 66,12

1 2 3

4

int ext

The influence of the wall U-Value in the inspace heatingA influência do valor de transmitância térmica da parede no gasto energético com

aquecimento36%

WINDOW AREA

FLOOR AREA

int ext1

The influence of the wall U-Value in the inspace heatingA influência do valor de transmitância térmica da parede no gasto energético com

aquecimento

2

1 2 3

4

MATERIALS Thickness [m]

Brickwork 0,19

Cotton fibre 0,125

Plasterboard 0,0125

Plasterboard 0,0125

Utotal [W/m²K] 0,15

MATERIALS Thickness [m]

Brickwork 0,19

Cotton fibre 0,10

Plasterboard 0,0125

Plasterboard 0,0125

Utotal [W/m²K] 0,18

3

MATERIALS Thickness [m]

Brickwork 0,19

Cotton fibre 0,10

Utotal [W/m²K] 0,20

4

MATERIALS Thickness [m]

Brickwork 0,19

Utotal [W/m²K] 2,46

36%Window area

Floor area

U value [W/m²K]

ContinuousHeating per m²

[kWh]

IntermittentHeating per m²

[kWh] 1 0,15 14,97 12,722 0,18 17,66 15,013 0,20 18,12 15,404 2,46 77,79 66,12

1 2 3

4

1

MATERIALS Thickness [m]

Brickwork 0,19

Cotton fibre 0,125

Plasterboard 0,0125

Plasterboard 0,0125

Utotal [W/m²K] 0,15

The influence of the window/ floor ratio in the inspace heatingA influência da relação área de janela/área de parede no gasto energético com aquecimento.

1

1,5U VALUE

1

Height [m] 1,20

Window/ floorratio [%]

37

int ext

2 3 4 5

Height [m] 1,40

Window/ floorratio [%]

40

int ext

Height [m] 1,60

Window/ floorratio [%]

42

int ext

Height [m] 1,80

Window/ floorratio [%]

45

int ext

2 3 4

Height [m]Window / floor

ratio [%]

Continuous

Heating per m²

[kWh]

Intermittent

Heating per m²

[kWh]

1,2 37,00 14,35 12,20

1,4 40,00 15,45 13,14

1,6 42,00 16,98 14,43

1,8 45,00 18,29 15,54

2 47,00 18,93 16,09

Window height [m]

The influence of the window/ floor ratio in the inspace heatingA influência da relação área de janela/área de parede no gasto energético com aquecimento.

1 2 3 4 5

1 Height: 1,2m

2 Height: 1,4m

3 Height: 1,6m

Window height 1,2m 1,4m 1,6m 1,8m 2,0m

Mean Daylit Factor 1% 3,9% 4% 4,1% 4,1%

Daylit Area 0% 6% 7% 7% 7%

Useful Daylight Factor (UDI) [%] 42%  82% 81%   82%  81%

Window height [m]

% occupied hours

UDI Autonomous:

300 – 3000 lux

Useful daylight

factor (UDI) [%]

Daylit Area

Main daylit factor

1

1 2 3 4 5

23 4 5

The influence of the window/ floor ratio in the inspace heatingA influência da relação área de janela/área de parede no gasto energético com aquecimento.

1 2 3 4 5

4 Height: 1,8m

5 Height: 2,0m

Window height [m]

% occupied hours

UDI Autonomous:

300 – 3000 lux

Useful daylight

factor (UDI) [%]

Daylit Area

Main daylit factor

Window height 1,2m 1,4m 1,6m 1,8m 2,0m

Mean Daylit Factor 1% 3,9% 4% 4,1% 4,1%

Daylit Area 0% 6% 7% 7% 7%

Useful Daylight Factor (UDI) [%] 42%  82% 81%   82%  81%

1

1 2 3 4 5

23 4 5

The influence of the window/ floor ratio in the inspace heatingA influência da relação área de janela/área de parede no gasto energético com aquecimento.

1 2 3 4 5

1 Height: 1,2m

2 Height: 1,4m

3 Height: 1,6m

Window height 1,2m 1,4m 1,6m 1,8m 2,0m

Mean Daylit Factor 1% 3,9% 4% 4,1% 4,1%

Daylit Area 0% 6% 7% 7% 7%

Useful Daylight Factor (UDI) [%] 42%  82% 81%   82%  81%

Window height [m]

% occupied hours

UDI Autonomous:

300 – 3000 lux

Useful daylight

factor (UDI) [%]

Daylit Area

Main daylit factor

1

1 2 3 4 5

23 4 5

Window height 1,2m 1,4m 1,6m 1,8m 2,0m

Mean Daylit Factor 1% 3,9% 4% 4,1% 4,1%

Daylit Area 0% 6% 7% 7% 7%

Useful Daylight Factor (UDI) [%] 42%  82% 81%   82%  81%

1 2 3 4 5

2 Height: 1,4m

1

1,5U VALUE

1

Height [m] 1,20

Window/ floorratio [%]

37

int ext

2 3 4 5

Height [m] 1,40

Window/ floorratio [%]

40

int ext

Height [m] 1,60

Window/ floorratio [%]

42

int ext

Height [m] 1,80

Window/ floorratio [%]

45

int ext

2 3 4

Height [m] 1,40

Window/ floorratio [%]

40

int ext

2

The influence of the window/ floor ratio in the inspace

heatingA influência da relação área de janela/área de parede no gasto energético com

aquecimento.

Height [m]Window / floor

ratio [%]

Continuous

Heating per m²

[kWh]

Intermittent

Heating per m²

[kWh]

1,2 37,00 14,35 12,20

1,4 40,00 15,45 13,14

1,6 42,00 16,98 14,43

1,8 45,00 18,29 15,54

2 47,00 18,93 16,09

Height [m] 1,40

Window/ floorratio [%]

40

int ext

2

2

Height [m]Window / floor

ratio [%]

Continuous

Heating per m²

[kWh]

Intermittent

Heating per m²

[kWh]

1,2 37,00 14,35 12,20

1,4 40,00 15,45 13,14

1,6 42,00 16,98 14,43

1,8 45,00 18,29 15,54

2 47,00 18,93 16,09

Window height [m]

The influence of the use of the night shutter in the inspace heatingA influência do uso de night shutter no gasto energético do edifício com aquecimento.

Without night

shutter

With night

shutterContinuous

Heating [kWh] 14,35 5,64

Intermittent

Heating [kWh] 12,2 4,80

1

1 2

2

1,5U VALUE

1,4mWINDOW HEIGHT

NIGHT SHUTTERNO NIGHT SHUTTER