Post on 12-Jan-2016
description
Melati ( Jasmine )
( Jasminum sambac)
June, 5, 1990 National Flower Called “Puspa Bangsa”
• Function :- Ornamental plant- Tea aromatic- Material perfume
industry- Cosmetic- Traditional medicine- Sowing flower- Flower Arrangement
• Increase demand Repelita VI
• Information technology up to date - for farmers Center of Research and Development Horticulture jasmine become priority Efficiency production system & agribusiness of jasmine
Increasing productivity and quality of jasmine
Center Product & Market
• Potensial Market : Japan, Korea, Thailand, Taiwan, Hongkong,
for sowing flower Budha 600 kg/ day• Jkt 1,5 ton / month. • Indonesia memenuhi 20 % kebutuhan
global market become potensial field farm extended, agroecology is compatible
• Centre of Production : Tegal prospect to developed
History and Meaning
• Traditional material, ceremonial ritual religi• 3rd century China Yeh Shi Ming
Jasmine Casablanca Jasminum officinalle• Begin developping Tropic& sub tropic 1665 J. sambac, 1812 J. revolutum• Simbolic meaning purified, holy,
impressive, pure beautiful• Jasminum sambac “Puspa Bangsa”
white jasmine = sampagita (philipine)
Jasmine Origin
• This species originated in Tropical Asia• India Jasmine Centre,
J.multiflorum : forest jasmineJ. sambac : white jasmineJ. officinale : casablancaJ. parkeri, J.revolutum
• Indonesia Centre Java 700 Ha (1994), Pemalang, Purbalingga, Tegal J.multiflorum : forest jasmine, melati gambir, melati ponosudo
• Cina & Thailand J. officinale, J. mesnyi, J.primulinum, J. rex : King Jasmine
Classification
• Kingdom : Plantae • Division : Spermatophyta • Sub Division : Angiospermae• Class : Dicotyledoneae• Ordo : Oleales• Family : Oleaceae• Genus : Jasminum• Species : Jasminum sambac (L.) W.Ait 200 cultivar ( species) J.rex Dunn;
J.multiflorum, J. Officinale.
Description
• Perennial ( > 1 years ) > 3 meters
• Woody stem, creeping clump
• Node stem, Leaf : elips/oval, green
• J.sambac, J.trifolium fragrant
• Single-flower, bertumpuk
• Tunggang root deep : 40 – 80 cm
Jasmine
Uses
• Flower sowing flower, perfume industry, cosmetic, flower arrangement, tea aromatic
• Leaf Traditional medicine• Jasmine oil jasmine cassablanca j. officionalle L
Extract oil material ( Bensil Asetat, Linalol, Linalil Asetat )
Growth Require
Climate
• Low land – high land ( 1.600 m dpl)
J.sambac low land – 600 m above sea level (dpl)
J. multiflorum high land – 1600 m dpl• daylight temperature : 280C – 260C• night temperature : 240C – 300C• RH : 50 – 80 %• rainfall : 112 mm – 119 mm/month
6 – 9 hh/month• Climate type, C1 - 2bk + 5 – 6 bb• well- shading
Soil
• Type of Soil : PMK, Latosol, Andisol
Texture : Sand – clayey (tough soil)
pH : 5 – 7 no floaded soil water 50-100 cm Acid soil Mo not provided, micro unsure easy to
dissolved >> toxic Alkalis soil Micro unsure not
available, except Mo
• Pengapuran : CaCO3 – Kalsit, CaMg(CO3)2) – Dolomit,
CaO - Kapur Bakar , Ca (OH)2 – Kapur Hidrat
• Increasing pH + Ca, Mg• Decreasing Toxic by Fe, Mn, Al• Increasing avaibility of P and Mo• Improve the life of micro-organism.• Produce ‘nodle root’ plantpH 5.2 – 7.0 ± 1.6 – 10.5 ton / HaWest Java : Tangerang, Bogor,
Cianjur, Lembang – 321 HaJakarta : 217,15 Ha, East Java : 425 Ha
Propagation
1. Cutting
young stem better than old stem
Length of cutting : 20 – 25 cm
2. Layering
3. Aerial layering ( cangkok )
Pruning
Treatment Plant height Flower yield (gram/plant)
Pruning Time
November 57.8 891.0
December 50.9 708.0
January 57.3 979.0
February 51.2 709.0
LD 5 % 6.34 212.80
Pruning Time
Un pruned 55.5 831.0
20 cm above ground 51.6 722.0
40 cm above ground 56.1 911.0
LD 5 % ns ns
Growth regulator
• Cycocel 5000 ppm 1,45 kg / planting
• Early flowering 3000 – 5000 ppm cycocel or 500 – 1500 ppm ethrel
• Flowering 7 – 12 month after planting
• Time of flowering : 12 weeks (3 month) 1-2 weeks >>
• Harvest of bud flower max (½ rise)
• Harvest time : early morning or afternoon
• Rainy season Product >> than dry season
• Rainy 300-1000 kg/Ha• Dry season 5 – 10 kg/Ha• In Indonesia, Prod : 20-25
kg/Ha/day• France : 3000 kg / Ha / year• Italy : 4500 – 5500 kg/ Ha/year
Harvest
Post Harvest Handling
• Purpose : make longer vase life keep and store in cold temperature : 00C - 50C
Special Jasmine
Oil
Commonjasmine
Special Pomade
Common pomade
Jasmine + PLRT Ether
minyak bumi
PLRT Benzole Enfleurage Technic
Ex- EnfleurageTechnic
• Industry
Enfleurage Technic