Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

Abraham Maslow published a book in 1954 called Motivation and Personality which introduced the Hierarchy of Needs.

Everyone starts at the lower level of the pyramid. Then moves up by satisfying those needs to progress to the higher levels.

Physiological & Biological Needs

Air Drink Food Warmth Shelter Sleep Sex

Safety and Security

Stability Freedom from fear Order Law Limits Health Employment Resources

Family Friendship Intimacy Acceptance Work Group Relationships

Self Esteem

Confidence Achievement Respect Recognition Independence Status Dominance

Self-Actualization

Self-fulfillment Personal Growth Personal Potential Creativity Morality Problem Solving Peak Experiences

The expanded hierarchy of needs

Several other researchers have added to Maslow’s original 5 needs. There has been a 7 stage model all the way up to a 8 stage model.

References

Psychology.about.com Psychology Dictionary

www.simplypsychology.org/maslow.html

www.learning-theories.com/maslows-hiearchy-of-needs.html