Post on 09-Jan-2016
description
, &
ASHRAE , 09 2012
12845
. ..moisidis@hol.gr
21.
vs
, , .
1872 .
, (NFPA, FM) (International) , , .
Sprinkler 1806.
200 , , 12845 , BS5306-part2 (Code of practice for fire extinguishing installations and equipment in premises)
..
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2
1806. John Carey .
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2. .
41812. Royal Theatre , Drury Lane, London. H . .
1864. Stewart Harrison 1 sprinkler. .
1872. Phillip W. Prat Harrison .
1874. Henry S. Parmalaee Prat sprinklers.
1835. Factory Mutual (FM)
1881. Parmalaee .. .
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51885. John Wormald 1 & sprinklers Mutual Fire Insurance Corporation of Manchester.
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61895. National Fire Protection Association(N.F.P.A)
1890. Frederick Grinnell & sprinkler , .
1940. NFPA13 . : (LH,OH,EH)
1896. 1 NFPA13
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71953. CEA(Comit Europen de Assurances)
1979. BS5306-part2 Code of practice for fire extinguishinginstallations and equipment in premises)
1981. (.) . 7 NFPA13 & NFPA 14 1972.
1986. .. .... 2451/86 . BS5603 CEA .
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82009. CEA CEA 4001 (Sprinkler Systems-Planning & Installations)
2004. 12845( , & ).
1990. CEN (Comit Europen de Normalisation) - sprinklers
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1980-1990 & (APSAD-, LPC-, VdS-), 1980 .
2009. 1 &2 12845 + 2
93.
3/81 (.) & (sprinklers)
2451/86 :
12259 .
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All components shall beApproved & CE marked
10
NFPA 13 standard for the installation of AS NFPA 13R installation of AS in residential occupancies NFPA 14 standpipes & hose systems NFPA 20 fire pumps NFPA 22 water tanks NFPA 24 private fire service mains
FM DS2-0 installation guidelines for AS FM DS8-1 commodity classification FM DS8-9 storage of class 1,2,3,4&plastic
12845 AS-, & 671 . 12259 E S 2451/86
CEA 4001 AS planning & installation
4. &
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11
5. 12845 -
&
(water spray) (deluge)
sprinklers 12259-1
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d 3/8 1/2 3/4K 57 80 115
( ) (ESFR, Large drop, Extended coverage )
12
6. 12845 &
&
&
Sprinkler
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7. (Hazard Classification of Occupancies)
(LH)
(H)
1,2,3,4
(HHP) 1,2,3,4
(HHS) I,II,III,IV
Annex A Annex A Annex AAnnex C
Annex
Annex G (Aerosols - -
.) 12845 - .
14
Annex A (LH,OH,HHP)
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15
Annex B,C,G ( HHS)
Annex B
(%)
&
Annex C
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16
8.
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- Wet pipe systems
Dry pipe systems
& Alternate systems
Pre-action systems
> 70 C
(loop) (grid)
17 12845 - .
&
10.000 m2 (LH) 12000 m2 (OH) 9000 m2 (HH) ,
, ( ) < 60 sec
, = 45 m
45m
45m
18
(lpm/m2)
WET- (m2)
DRY- (m2)
(m2)
LH 2.25 84 OH1 21
OH-1
5.0
72 90
12OH-2 144 180
OH-3 216 270
OH-4 360 HHP-1
HHP-1 7.5 260 325
9HHP-2 10.0 260 325
HHP-3 12.5 260 325
HHP-4 (deluge) -
, : 3 50m2
2,4m 4 HHS
3
ST1 ST2, 3, 4, 5 & 6
4,0 m 3,5 m
3,0m 2,6m
II 2,1m 1,7m
V 1,2m 1,2m
S in-rack sprinklers
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: DENSITY OVER DEMAND AREA
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& ( )
(m2)ST1 ST2 & ST4ST3, ST5 &
ST6
7,6m 6,8m 5,7m
260 m2 12,5 Lpm/m2 12,5 Lpm/m2 10 Lpm/m2
7,5m 6,0m 5,0m
260 m2 17,5 Lpm/m2 17,5 Lpm/m2 12,5 Lpm/m2
II7,2m 6,0m 3,2m
260 - 300 m2 27,5 Lpm/m2 30 Lpm/m2 12,5 Lpm/m2
V4,4m 4,4m 3,0m
260 - 300 m2 30 Lpm/m2 30 Lpm/m2 17,5 Lpm/m2
ST1 ST4
ST2 ST3 ST5 & ST6
(Aisle)
2-
= f( & ) = 260 300 m2 ( & )
q = 7.5 30 lpm/m2 ( & )
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(. ESFR) in-rack sprinklers
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w : (Aisle width)
in-rack sprinklers = f( & ) , min.DN100 > 50
p=2,0 bar
q=113.2 lpm ( 1/2)
: 3, w 2.4 m6, 2.4< w 1.2 m9, w < 1.2 m
w
in-rack sprinklers , :
Smax2,8m
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CEA 4001
sprinklers 12259-1
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(Lpm / bar 0.5)
2 , (S) 13,5 m , in-rack sprinklers, CMSA (Control Mode Specific Application) , :
3/4 ESFR , 200 & 240 375 460 Lpm
1 ESFR , 320 & 360 430 600 Lpm
Q = KP
1 FM DS8-9 sprinkler 160
NFPA13 q > 13.9 lpm/m2
CEA 4001
22
Required Delivery Density
Actual Delivery Density
, t(0), ,
0 Lim
CMSA (Control Mode Specific Application) - NFPA 13 & FM DS 8-9
RTI
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Response Time Index RTI 50 (Fast) - RTI 80 (standard)
23
FM
45 ft 13.5 mSprinklers ESFR 25, K=360 @ 3.5bar, = 675 Lpm , , ( )
2 2 min.
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- (Pre-calculated systems)
2
1
3Design point
S Sprinkler
4Most unfavorable Design area
(Fully calculated systems)
1-4 (unfavorable design area) 1-5 (favorable design area)
5Most favorable Design area
6Design point
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1-2 2-3
pmax.3-4 (design area)
25
1 Qmax Qnom. (Most unfavorable area). H Qmax (Most favorable area).
3 Qnom
6 Qmax
UnfavourableArea
favourableArea
Vmin = Qmax * T
T = 30min. LH 60min. OH90min. HH
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2 Sprinkler. NFPA13, (.-hoses, -hydrants). , , sprinklers.
26
, (, ) ( LH & OH1)
booster
& ( 1)
& ( 1)
( LH&OH1)
2-
& ( 2)
& ( 2)
2
1 & 1
1
&
(Sprinklers & ., )
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60 min. sprinklers 4 C
&
O
2 : 1 & 1 Qp = 100% Qr
3 : 1 & 2 Qp 50% Qr
Jockey : Qp < 1 sprinkler
O
+1 , 1
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28
60min
-
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29 12845 - .
2451 & 12845
pipe schedule
NFPA 13
BEST SELLER
30
Density Over Demand Area
Q = KP P = (Q/K)2
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1. (m2)
4. sprinklers N (.)
3. Q=A*d (Lpm)
6. 4 (4s) (m2)
7. dm d(4s)=Q(4s) / (4s) d (Lpm/m2)
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Pmin , sprinkler
p min bar
K q min lpm
LH 0,70 57 48,0
OH 0,35 80 48,0
HH 0,5080 57,0
115 82,0
2. d (Lpm/m2)
5. sprinklers=Q / N (m2)
8. sprinklerqs=As * dm q min (lpm)
qs=KPmin
S1
S2
K=80
qs1=12m2**5Lpm/m2=60 lpm
Ps1 = (Qs/K)2 = 0.57 bar
DN 25, C=120
L=3m , 1 90o, 1
Leq=5.27m
P1-2 = 0.09 bar
Ps2=Ps1+P1-2
=0.57+0.11=0.66 bar
qs2=KP2 = 65 lpm
Q=60+65=125 Lpm
32
A
3340 lpm
2320 lpmB
QA=288 LpmPA=1.3 bar
b=QA/PA = 253
PB=PA+PA-B = 1.6 bar QB=KbPB=2531.6=320 lpm
P=P+P- = 1.8 bar Q=KbP=2531.8=340 lpm
Qt=288+320+340=948 lpm
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60 Lpm65 Lpm78 Lpm85 Lpm
QB=320 Lpm
Q=340 Lpm
33 12845 - .
- LH, OH
- 140% 70%
Qnom / Pmax & Qmax / Pmin . 0,5 bar
, 2 :Qnom PnomQmax Pmin
Figure 7
Table 16
34
EPANET 2.0
public domain software that may be freely copied and distributed.
www.epa.gov
Software That Models the Hydraulic and Water Quality Behavior of Water Distribution Piping Systems
9. &
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Q6910
=80
105,3mmC=120
L=6m
h=10m
16
sp3
P
cv
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sprinkler
36
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37
. .. moisidis@hol.gr
26 2451/86 , .
12845 , .