Post on 28-Dec-2015
Based on presentations given by Juliana (Brooks) Mortenson at:
● Spring 2009 Meeting of the American Physical Society (NES), May 8, 2009, Boston MA ● SPIE Optics and Photonics, The Nature of Light: What are Photons? III, August 3-4, 2009, San Diego, CA ● Materials Science and Technology 2009 Conference and Exhibition, October 26 - 28, 2009, Pittsburgh PA ● April Meeting of the American Physical Society, February 13-17, 2010, Washington, D.C.
Introduction
Historical Perspective
Planck’s Energy Constant
The Historical Record
The Hidden Time Variable
Einstein’s Hidden VariablesEinstein’s Hidden VariablesEinstein’s Hidden VariablesEinstein’s Hidden Variables
Planck’s Famous Quantum Paper
On the Law of Distribution of Energy in the Normal Spectrum. Planck, M.,Annalen der Physik, V 4, p. 553, 1901.
E = h vQuantum formula
EM = kB TThermodynamic formula
IntroductionIntroductionIntroductionIntroduction
Quantum Resonance Hypothesis Hypothesis
Einstein and the Photoelectric Effect
“The simplest conception is that a lightquantum transfers its entire energy to a single electron…”
Über einen die Erzeugung und Verwandlung des Lichtes betreffendenheuristischen Gesichtspunkt. Einstein A., Annalen der Physik, Vol 17, p 132, 1905.
“We have to assume that, in ionization of a gas by ultraviolet light, one energy quantum of light serves to ionize one gas molecule.”
IntroductionIntroductionIntroductionIntroductionThe Einstein – Podolsky – Rosen paperThe Einstein – Podolsky – Rosen paper
A. Einstein, B. Podolsky, and N. Rosen, Can a quantum-mechanical description of physical reality be considered complete?
Phys. Rev. 47 777 (1935).
The EPR PaperThe EPR Paper
“ “The description of The description of reality as given by a reality as given by a wave function is not wave function is not
complete…complete…We believe, however, We believe, however,
that such a theory is that such a theory is possible”possible”
IntroductionIntroduction
Bell’s Theorem
J. S. Bell, On the Einstein Podolsky Rosen Paradox, Physics 1, 195-200 (1964)
A Local Realistic interpretation of Quantum mechanics is
impossible.
David BohmThe explicate vs. the implicate order
D. Bohm. Wholeness and the Implicate Order. Routledge Classics, New York, 1980.D. Bohm & B. J. Hiley. The Undivided Universe. Routledge, New York, 1993
IntroductionIntroductionIntroductionIntroduction
“paradoxes … arise with the assumption that photonsare indivisible elementary particles...”
SPIE Photonics East,1-3 October 2006Advanced Photon Counting Techniques (SPIE Vol. 6372, paper no. 29)
“…the truth lies in a direction that requires a radical rethinking of our basic ideas about space, time and the quantum world.”
The Trouble with Physics, Smolin L.,Houghton Mifflin Co., Boston, 2006
“The failure of the superstring theory program can be traced to its lack of any fundamental new symmetry principle. … theorists [must] turn … away from this failed program and toward the difficult task of better understanding the symmetries of the natural world.”
Not Even Wrong. Woit, P., Basic Books, New York, 2006
IntroductionIntroductionIntroductionIntroduction
Hidden VariablesHidden Variables
Quantum formula (hidden time variable and energy constant)Quantum formula (hidden time variable and energy constant)
Thermodynamic formula (hidden resonance variable)Thermodynamic formula (hidden resonance variable)
The Ripple Effect in The Ripple Effect in Quantum MechanicsQuantum Mechanics
VVARIABLESARIABLES CCONSTANTSONSTANTS PPARTICLESARTICLES PPARADOXES AND ARADOXES AND PPRINCIPLESRINCIPLES
ttm m hh light Uncertainty light Uncertainty
rrf f mm00 Wave/particle Wave/particle
cc00 ρρ00 Wave Equation Wave Equation
Resonance Hypothesis Resonance Hypothesis Speeds of Light Speeds of Light SSYMMETRIES YMMETRIES Mass Of Light Mass Of Light TimeSpace Conservation of Energy, MassTimeSpace Conservation of Energy, Mass & Momentum& Momentum
VVARIABLESARIABLES CCONSTANTSONSTANTS PPARTICLESARTICLES PPARADOXES AND ARADOXES AND PPRINCIPLESRINCIPLES
ttm m hh light light UncertaintyUncertainty
rrf f mm00 Wave/particleWave/particle
cc00 ρρ00 Wave Equation Wave Equation
Resonance Hypothesis Resonance Hypothesis Speeds of Light Speeds of Light SSYMMETRIES YMMETRIES Mass Of Light Mass Of Light TimeSpace Conservation of Energy, MassTimeSpace Conservation of Energy, Mass & Momentum& Momentum
The Ripple Effect in The Ripple Effect in Quantum MechanicsQuantum Mechanics
VVARIABLESARIABLES CCONSTANTSONSTANTS PPARTICLESARTICLES PPARADOXES AND ARADOXES AND PPRINCIPLESRINCIPLES
ttm m hh light Uncertainty light Uncertainty
rrf f mm00 Wave/particle Wave/particle
cc00 ρρ00 Wave Equation Wave Equation
Resonance HypothesisResonance Hypothesis Speeds of Light Speeds of Light SSYMMETRIES YMMETRIES Mass Of Light Mass Of Light TimeSpace Conservation of Energy, MassTimeSpace Conservation of Energy, Mass & Momentum& Momentum
The Ripple Effect in The Ripple Effect in Quantum MechanicsQuantum Mechanics
VVARIABLESARIABLES CCONSTANTSONSTANTS PPARTICLESARTICLES PPARADOXES AND ARADOXES AND PPRINCIPLESRINCIPLES
ttm m hh light Uncertainty light Uncertainty
rrf f mm00 Wave/particle Wave/particle
cc00 ρρ0 0 Wave Equation Wave Equation
Resonance Hypothesis Resonance Hypothesis Speeds of Light Speeds of Light SSYMMETRIES YMMETRIES Mass Of LightMass Of Light TimeSpace TimeSpace Conservation of Energy, MassConservation of Energy, Mass & Momentum& Momentum
The Ripple Effect in The Ripple Effect in Quantum MechanicsQuantum Mechanics
VVARIABLESARIABLES CCONSTANTSONSTANTS PPARTICLESARTICLES PPARADOXES AND ARADOXES AND PPRINCIPLESRINCIPLES
ttm m hh light Uncertainty light Uncertainty
rrf f mm00 Wave/particle Wave/particle
cc00 ρρ00 Wave Equation Wave Equation
Resonance Hypothesis Resonance Hypothesis Speeds of LightSpeeds of Light SSYMMETRIES YMMETRIES Mass Of Light Mass Of Light TimeSpace Conservation of Energy, MassTimeSpace Conservation of Energy, Mass & Momentum& Momentum
The Ripple Effect in The Ripple Effect in Quantum MechanicsQuantum Mechanics
VVARIABLESARIABLES CCONSTANTSONSTANTS PPARTICLESARTICLES PPARADOXES AND ARADOXES AND PPRINCIPLESRINCIPLES
ttm m hh light light Uncertainty Uncertainty
rrf f mm00 Wave/particle Wave/particle
cc00 ρρ00 Wave EquationWave Equation
Resonance Hypothesis Resonance Hypothesis Speeds of Light Speeds of Light SSYMMETRIES YMMETRIES Mass Of Light Mass Of Light TimeSpaceTimeSpace Conservation of Energy, Mass Conservation of Energy, Mass & Momentum& Momentum
The Ripple Effect in The Ripple Effect in Quantum MechanicsQuantum Mechanics