Post on 15-Dec-2020
ARCHAEOLOGY OF MALAYSIAARHEOLOGIJA MALEZIJE
byAssoc. Prof. Dr. Mokhtar SaidinCENTER FOR GLOBAL ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(CENTAR ZA ARHEOLOŠKA ISTRAŽIVANJA)UNIVERSITI SAINS MALAYSIA
mmokh@usm.my
BUKIT BUNUH: 1.83 Ma
Niah
Tabon
Leang Burung 2
MANSULI:253,000 Ka
Rongrien and Moh Kiew
Tham Kuong, Dieu, Nguom
Jawa:1 Ma Flores:1 M SUNDALAND
LOKACIJA MALEZIJE: MALEZIJA PRIJE 18 000 GODINA- SUNDALAND
Ancient Human Migratory RoutePUT MIGRACIJE DREVNIH LJUDI
ARCHAEOLOGY AS A SCIENCEARHEOLOGIJA KAO NAUKA
Archaeology?ARHEOLOGIJA?1. Discovery?
OTKRIĆE?2. Honest?
POŠTENJE?3. Accurate?
PRECIZNOST?4. Scientific?
NAUKA?
“TRACING THE MINDS OF THESE EARLY POPULATION IS FASCINATING. THEY WERE THE EARLIEST ‘SCIENTISTS’ WHO OBSERVED, EXPERIMENTED AND DISCOVERED ‘NEW’ THINGS TO HELP THEM ADAPT TO THEIR ENVIRONMENT “
PRAĆENJE UMOVA OVIH RANIH POPULACIJA JE FASCINANTNO. ONI SU BILI PRVI “NAUČNICI” KOJI SU POSMATRALI, EKSPERIMENTIRALI IOTKRIVALI “NOVE” STVARI KOJE BI IM POMOGLE U PRILAGOĐAVANJU NOVOM OKRUŽENJU
HOW DO WE KNOW THIS?KAKO ZNAMO OVO?
SURPRISINGLY, IT IS THROUGH A COMBINATION OF MODERN SCIENCE AND SOCIAL SCIENCE THINKING
IZNENAĐUJUĆE, OSTVARUJE SE KOMBINACIJOMNAČINA RAZMIŠLJANJA MODERNE I DRUŠTVENE NAUKA
AGE? WHEN?:THE DATING TECHNIQUE
STAROST? KAD?TEHNIKA DATIRANJA
• Radiocarbon (Carbon-14)• Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS)• Thermoluminescence (TL)• Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL)• Electron Spin Resonance (ESR)• Potassium-Argon (K-Ar)• Fission Track
CENTER FOR GLOBAL ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESEARCH
2009
MALAYSIAN ARCHAEOLOGICAL PROJECT1987
CENTER FOR ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESEARCH
MALAYSIA 1995
DATA
1987
TAMPANIAN?
HRONOLOŠKISLIJED: 1987
DATA
2009
Bukit Bunuh
HRONOLOŠKISLIJED: 2010
BUKIT BUNUH-NALAZIŠTE IZ PALAEOLITIKA:DOKAZ STAR PREKO 1.8 MILIONA GODINA
Bukit Bunuh (STRANE PALEOLITIKA): in situ open site with evidence of tool-making workshop
Bibir Kawah
Dalam KawahTengah Kawah(Bukit Bunuh)
Blok Granit
Blok GranitBlok Granit
nemen negatif
Linemen positif
Meteorite Impact (UDAR METEORITA) in Bukit Bunuh,Lenggong
1.83Ma: Handaxe embedded in suevite
KAMENI “SUEVITE”
KAMENI ALAT “HANDAXE”
CT-Scan
STONE TOOLSKAMENI ALAT
TECHNOLOGY AND CLASSIFICATION OF PALAEOLITHIC TOOLS IN SOUTHEAST ASIA
TEHNOLOGIJA I KLASIFIKACIJA PALEOLITSKOG ALATA U JUGOISTOČNOJ AZIJI
ANVIL
HAMMERSTONE
CORE
PEBBLE TOOL
FLAKE TOOL
DEBITAGE
1 2
2
1a 1b
3 4 5
1 23
1 2 3 4
1. The first meteorite impact site in the country that has a chronometric dating
2. Has revealed an evidence of meteorite impact activity in Malaysia at 1.83 million years ago
3. The first site in the region with suevite stone
4. The first site in the region with evidence of the use of suevite stone in Palaeolithic culture
HOMINOID BONE?
GUA GUNUNG RUNTUH, LENGGONG, PERAK:
SKELET ČOVJEKA IZ PERAKA OD PRIJE 10 000 GODINA
The skeleton with knees drawn up to the chestin situ
FOETAL POSITION
POLOŽAJ FETUSA
A reenactment of the burial position
GENDER?ROD?
• Absent of preauricular sulcus• Curved sacrum• Non-spacious and funnel-shaped pelvic basins• Large teeth and heavy jaw• Straight and flat chin
MALE
Skull of the Perak Man
Ventral view of the sacrum, with fragments of iliac bones and one segment of the coccyx attached
Age?STAROST?
• Toothwear points towards old age• Closure of the cranial sutures• Lipping of vertebral bodies• Thinning of the shoulder blades
Suggests age 40-50 years old
Genetic Anomaly?GENETSKA ANOMALIJA?
• Short and abnormal 2nd and 3rd middle phalanges of the 3rd digit of left hand
• The proximal phalanges of the 2nd and 3rd digits on the left are curved toward the palm
• Shorter lower left arm bone• Backbone shows scoliosis• Left radius is about 3.5 cm shorter than the right
Brachimesophalangia (type A2)
Posterior view of the left and right humerus.Note the suoratrochlear foramen in the olecranon fossa
Volar view ofthe right and left radius and ulna.Note the short bones of the left forearm
Left second and third proximal phalanges andthe third malformed middle phallanx
POTTERY: GRNČARIJA IZ NEOLITIKA
THE LONGEST SEA TRADING ROUTE DURING THE NEOLITHIC PERIODNAJDUŽI MORSKI TRGOVAČKI PUT U PERIODU NEOLITA
BRONZE AXESBRONZANA SJEKIRA IZ METALNOG DOBA
WIDER DISTRIBUTION OF BRONZE MAKING IN MAINLAND SOUTHEAST ASIA
UMJETNOST NA KAMENU
MALEZIJA - NAJSTARIJI PRIMJER UMJETNOSTI NA KAMENU,10 000 GODINA
BUJANG VALLEY: RANA CIVILIZACIJA - PRVI VIJEK N.E.
SUNGAI BATU
GUNUNG JERAI
RANE TRGOVAČKE MREŽE
SB1B- RITUAL STRUCTUREOSL dating (bricks)- 110AD: NAJSTARIJI MONUMENT U
JUGOISTOČNOJ AZIJI
SB2A- IRON SMELTING- 60AD (first CENTURY AD): TOPLJENJE GVOŽĐA
Mikroskop Metalurgi
Pembesaran 200µm
Sampel sisa besi
Fe
Fe
SB1A- RIVER JETTY PLATFORM (RIJEČNI DOK)OSL dating (bricks)-
1,740 +/-25 years ago (AD269)
Bal• ni da•a catvari Vai••ra dy•ni y•ni ca(1)A•••da•a ca buddh•n•m Dharmma•ve• ik• hi ye (2)Bu(ba?)l•ni da•a catvari Vai••ra dy•ni y•nica (3)A•••da•a ca buddh•n•m Dharmma•ve• ik• hi ye (4)Ye prat•tya •amut pann• Na te kecit•vabh•vatah (5)Ye •vabh•v• na vidyante Na te••msambhavah kvaciti (6)J•n•te ya Im• ko•i Mako•i (ja?)gatas sam•(7)Tasya kot• gatam jñ•nam Sarvvadharmme•u varttate (8)
ZAPISI
• MINOR PACKAGE- UNDERGRADUATE• MA AND PhD- Thesis (MAGISTAR & DOKTOR)• Archaeological Research (ARHEOLOŠKO
ISTRAŽIVANJE)• Consultant/Exhibition (IZLOŽBA)/etc
CGAR@USMMI NUDIMO
SCIENTIFIC ANALYSIS OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL ARTIFACTS