Arbeiten mit distribute, pip und virtualenv

Markus Zapke-Gründemann11. DZUG-Tagung zu Zope, Plone und Python

MarkusZapke-Gründemann

• Softwareentwickler seit 2001

• Schwerpunkt: Web Application Development mit Python und PHP

• Django, symfony & Zend Framework

• Freier Softwareentwickler und Berater seit 2008

• www.keimlink.de

Überblick• Vorstellung der Werkzeuge

• distribute

• distutils2

• pip

• virtualenv

• virtualenvwrapper

• Einsatz in der Praxis

• modern-package-template

• virtualenv

• virtualenvwrapper

• pip

Vorstellung der Werkzeuge

Python Packaging

Quelle: http://guide.python-distribute.org/introduction.html#current-state-of-packaging

distribute

• Fork des setuptools Pakets

• Erweitert distutils

• Stellt setuptools für Pakete zur Verfügung, die davon abhängen

• Python 3 Unterstützung

• Maintainer: Tarek Ziadé

distribute installieren

$ wget http://python-distribute.org/distribute_setup.py$ python distribute_setup.py

1. Entfernen der bestehenden setuptools Installation2. Installieren einer Fake setuptools Installation3. Installation von distribute

distutils2

• Tarek Ziadé: „A toolbox for third packaging tools“

• PEP 345: Metadata for Python Software Packages 1.2

• PEP 376: Database of Installed Python Distributions

• PEP 386: Changing the version comparison module in Distutils

pip• „pip installs packages“

• Ersatz für easy_install

• Kann Pakete wieder deinstallieren

• Nur vollständige Installationen werden durchgeführt

• „Sinnvolle“ Ausgaben

• Protokollieren der Aktionen

• Kann einen URL oder ein VCS als Quelle benutzen

• „requirements“

• Unterstüzung für virtualenv

• Autor: Ian Bicking

$ easy_install pip

Design done by Idan Gazit (http://pixane.com) - License: cc-by-3.0

virtualenv

• Isolierte Python Umgebungen

• Unterstützung für distribute

• Kann mit WSGI Containern benutzt werden

• Autor: Ian Bicking

$ pip install virtualenv

virtualenv: Isolierte Python Umgebungen

• Python Version wählbar (zum Teil als Symlink)

• Eigenes bin Verzeichnis

• Eigenes site-packages Verzeichnis

virtualenv: Strukturtestenv/|-- bin| |-- activate| |-- activate_this.py| |-- easy_install| |-- easy_install-2.6| |-- pip| |-- python| `-- python2.6 -> python|-- include| `-- python2.6 -> /PREFIX/include/python2.6`-- lib `-- python2.6 |-- UserDict.py -> /PREFIX/lib/python2.6/UserDict.py |-- ... |-- distutils |-- ... |-- orig-prefix.txt |-- ... |-- site-packages |-- site.py |-- ... `-- warnings.py -> /PREFIX/lib/python2.6/warnings.py

virtualenvwrapper

• Erweiterung für virtualenv

• Erleichtern das Erstellen, Löschen und Management der virtualenvs

• Autor: Doug Hellmann

$ pip install virtualenvwrapper$ mkdir ~/.virtualenvs$ export WORKON_HOME=$HOME/.virtualenvs$ source /usr/local/bin/virtualenvwrapper.sh

Einsatz in der Praxis

modern-package-template

modern-package-template

• PasteScript Template

• distribute

• buildout

• Autor: Sridhar Ratnakumar

$ pip install modern-package-template

modern-package-template$ paster create -t modern_package testpackageSelected and implied templates: modern-package-template#modern_package Package with distribute and buildout support

Variables: egg: testpackage package: testpackage project: testpackageEnter version (Version (like 0.1)) ['0.1']: Enter description (One-line description of the package) ['']: A test package.Enter keywords (Space-separated keywords/tags) ['']: test packageEnter author (Author name) ['']: Markus Zapke-GründemannEnter author_email (Author email) ['']: info@keimlink.deEnter url (URL of homepage) ['']: http://www.keimlink.de/Enter license_name (License name) ['']: BSDCreating template modern_packageCreating directory ./testpackage Copying HACKING.txt to ./testpackage/HACKING.txt Copying MANIFEST.in to ./testpackage/MANIFEST.in Copying NEWS.txt to ./testpackage/NEWS.txt Copying README.rst to ./testpackage/README.rst Copying bootstrap.py to ./testpackage/bootstrap.py Copying buildout.cfg_tmpl to ./testpackage/buildout.cfg Copying setup.py_tmpl to ./testpackage/setup.pyRunning /usr/bin/python setup.py egg_info

modern-package-templateVerzeichnisstrukturtestpackage/|-- .gitignore|-- .hgignore|-- HACKING.txt|-- MANIFEST.in|-- NEWS.txt|-- README.rst|-- bootstrap.py|-- buildout.cfg|-- setup.py`-- src |-- testpackage `-- testpackage.egg-info

buildoutdistribute

virtualenv

virtualenv anlegen

zappi ~$ virtualenv testenvNew python executable in testenv/bin/pythonInstalling setuptools............done.

zappi ~$ virtualenv --distribute testenvNew python executable in testenv/bin/pythonInstalling distribute.................................................................................................................................................................................done.

$ export VIRTUALENV_USE_DISTRIBUTE=1

virtualenv aktivierenund deaktivieren

zappi ~/$ cd testenvzappi ~/testenv$ . bin/activate(testenv)zappi ~/testenv$ deactivatezappi ~/testenv$

virtualenvwrapper

mkvirtualenv

zappi ~$ mkvirtualenv testenvNew python executable in testenv/bin/pythonInstalling setuptools............done.virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts Creating /Users/zappi/.virtualenvs/testenv/bin/predeactivatevirtualenvwrapper.user_scripts Creating /Users/zappi/.virtualenvs/testenv/bin/postdeactivatevirtualenvwrapper.user_scripts Creating /Users/zappi/.virtualenvs/testenv/bin/preactivatevirtualenvwrapper.user_scripts Creating /Users/zappi/.virtualenvs/testenv/bin/postactivatevirtualenvwrapper.user_scripts Creating /Users/zappi/.virtualenvs/testenv/bin/get_env_details(testenv)zappi ~$

mkvirtualenvzappi ~$ mkvirtualenv --no-site-packages --distribute testenvNew python executable in testenv/bin/pythonInstalling distribute.................................................................................................................................................................................done.virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts Creating /Users/zappi/.virtualenvs/testenv/bin/predeactivatevirtualenvwrapper.user_scripts Creating /Users/zappi/.virtualenvs/testenv/bin/postdeactivatevirtualenvwrapper.user_scripts Creating /Users/zappi/.virtualenvs/testenv/bin/preactivatevirtualenvwrapper.user_scripts Creating /Users/zappi/.virtualenvs/testenv/bin/postactivatevirtualenvwrapper.user_scripts Creating /Users/zappi/.virtualenvs/testenv/bin/get_env_details(testenv)zappi ~$

cdvirtualenv

(testenv)zappi ~$ cdvirtualenv (testenv)zappi ~/.virtualenvs/testenv$

lssitepackages

(testenv)zappi ~$ lssitepackages distribute-0.6.10-py2.6.egg easy-install.pth pip-0.7.1-py2.6.egg setuptools.pth

(testenv)zappi ~$ lssitepackages -ltotal 8drwxr-xr-x 10 zappi zappi 340 Aug 10 19:22 distribute-0.6.10-py2.6.egg-rw-r--r-- 1 zappi zappi 237 Aug 10 19:22 easy-install.pthdrwxr-xr-x 4 zappi zappi 136 Aug 10 19:22 pip-0.7.1-py2.6.egg-rw-r--r-- 1 zappi zappi 30 Aug 10 19:22 setuptools.pth

cdsitepackages

(testenv)zappi ~$ cdsitepackages (testenv)zappi ~/.virtualenvs/testenv/lib/python2.6/site-packages$ ls -ltotal 8drwxr-xr-x 10 zappi zappi 340 Aug 10 19:22 distribute-0.6.10-py2.6.egg-rw-r--r-- 1 zappi zappi 237 Aug 10 19:22 easy-install.pthdrwxr-xr-x 4 zappi zappi 136 Aug 10 19:22 pip-0.7.1-py2.6.egg-rw-r--r-- 1 zappi zappi 30 Aug 10 19:22 setuptools.pth

add2virtualenv

(testenv)zappi ~/Projekte/Python$ add2virtualenv django-devWarning: Converting "django-dev" to "/Users/zappi/Projekte/Python/django-dev"(testenv)zappi ~/Projekte/Python$ lssitepackages distribute-0.6.10-py2.6.egg easy-install.pth pip-0.7.1-py2.6.egg setuptools.pth virtualenv_path_extensions.pth

virtualenv_path_extensions.pth:/Users/zappi/Projekte/Python/django-dev

deactivate

(testenv)zappi ~$ deactivate zappi ~$

workon

zappi ~$ workon testenv(testenv)zappi ~$

rmvirtualenv

(testenv)zappi ~$ rmvirtualenv testenvERROR: You cannot remove the active environment ('testenv').Either switch to another environment, or run 'deactivate'.(testenv)zappi ~$ deactivate zappi ~$ rmvirtualenv testenv

Hooks~/.virtualenvs/testenv/bin/|-- get_env_details|-- postactivate|-- postdeactivate|-- preactivate`-- predeactivate

~/.virtualenvs/|-- get_env_details|-- initialize|-- postactivate|-- postdeactivate|-- postmkvirtualenv|-- postrmvirtualenv|-- preactivate|-- predeactivate|-- premkvirtualenv`-- prermvirtualenv

pip

pip install$ pip install MarkdownDownloading/unpacking Markdown Downloading Markdown-2.0.3.zip (94Kb): 94Kb downloaded Running setup.py egg_info for package MarkdownInstalling collected packages: Markdown Running setup.py install for Markdown changing mode of build/scripts-2.6/markdown from 644 to 755 changing mode of /Users/zappi/.virtualenvs/testenv/bin/markdown to 755Successfully installed MarkdownCleaning up...

pip install$ pip install Django==1.1.2

$ pip install http://effbot.org/downloads/Imaging-1.1.6.tar.gz

$ pip install -e svn+http://svn.myproject.org/svn/MyProject/trunk#egg=MyProject

$ pip install -e svn+http://svn.myproject.org/svn/MyProject/trunk@2019#egg=MyProject

$ pip install --upgrade celery

pip install$ cat requirements.txt Django==1.1.2nose==0.11-e svn+http://mycompany/svn/MyApp/trunk@1045#egg=MyApp-e svn+http://mycompany/svn/MyLibrary/trunk@1058#egg=MyLibrary

$ pip install -r requirements.txtDownloading/unpacking nose==0.11 (from -r requirements.txt (line 2)) Downloading nose-0.11.0.tar.gz (249Kb): 249Kb downloaded Running setup.py egg_info for package nose no previously-included directories found matching 'doc/.build'Downloading/unpacking Django==1.1.2 (from -r requirements.txt (line 1)) Downloading Django-1.1.2.tar.gz (5.7Mb): 5.7Mb downloaded Running setup.py egg_info for package DjangoInstalling collected packages: Django, nose Running setup.py install for Django changing mode of build/scripts-2.6/django-admin.py from 644 to 755 changing mode of /Users/zappi/.virtualenvs/devenv/bin/django-admin.py to 755 Running setup.py install for nose no previously-included directories found matching 'doc/.build' Installing nosetests-2.6 script to /Users/zappi/.virtualenvs/devenv/bin Installing nosetests script to /Users/zappi/.virtualenvs/devenv/binSuccessfully installed Django noseCleaning up...

pip install$ pip install -E ~/.virtualenvs/devenv -r requirements.txtDownloading/unpacking nose==0.11 (from -r requirements.txt (line 2)) Downloading nose-0.11.0.tar.gz (249Kb): 249Kb downloaded Running setup.py egg_info for package nose no previously-included directories found matching 'doc/.build'Downloading/unpacking Django==1.1.2 (from -r requirements.txt (line 1)) Downloading Django-1.1.2.tar.gz (5.7Mb): 5.7Mb downloaded Running setup.py egg_info for package DjangoInstalling collected packages: Django, nose Found existing installation: Django 1.1.1 Not uninstalling Django at /Library/Python/2.6/site-packages, outside environment /Users/zappi/.virtualenvs/devenv/bin/.. Running setup.py install for Django changing mode of build/scripts-2.6/django-admin.py from 644 to 755 changing mode of /Users/zappi/.virtualenvs/devenv/bin/django-admin.py to 755 Found existing installation: nose 0.11.1 Not uninstalling nose at /Library/Python/2.6/site-packages, outside environment /Users/zappi/.virtualenvs/devenv/bin/.. Running setup.py install for nose no previously-included directories found matching 'doc/.build' Installing nosetests-2.6 script to /Users/zappi/.virtualenvs/devenv/bin Installing nosetests script to /Users/zappi/.virtualenvs/devenv/binSuccessfully installed Django noseCleaning up...

pip install

$ pip install anyjson booDownloading/unpacking anyjson Downloading anyjson-0.2.4.tar.gz Running setup.py egg_info for package anyjsonDownloading/unpacking boo Could not find any downloads that satisfy the requirement booNo distributions at all found for booStoring complete log in /Users/zappi/.pip/pip.log

pip uninstall

$ pip uninstall MarkdownUninstalling Markdown: /Users/zappi/.virtualenvs/testenv/bin/markdown /Users/zappi/.virtualenvs/testenv/lib/python2.6/site-packages/Markdown-2.0.3-py2.6.egg-info /Users/zappi/.virtualenvs/testenv/lib/python2.6/site-packages/markdownProceed (y/n)? y Successfully uninstalled Markdown

pip & PyPI Mirrors

$ pip install --use-mirrors Django

oder

$ export PIP_USE_MIRRORS=true

PEP 381: Mirroring infrastructure for PyPI

pip freeze$ pip freezeDjango==1.2.1amqplib==0.6.1anyjson==0.2.4billiard==0.3.1carrot==0.10.5celery==1.0.5distribute==0.6.10django-debug-toolbar==0.8.3django-picklefield==0.1.6importlib==1.0.2python-dateutil==1.5wsgiref==0.1.2

$ pip freeze > requirements.txt

pip search$ pip search markdownMarkdoc - A lightweight Markdown-based wiki build tool.markdown2 - markdown2: A fast and complete Python implementaion of Markdown.Argot - argot text markup -- a markdown dialectFlask-Markdown - Small extension to make using markdown easyMarkdown - Python implementation of Markdown. INSTALLED: 2.0.3 (latest)django-markdown2 - This is a simple app, which supplies a single template tag for markdown markup.tiddlywebplugins.markdown - Markdown rendering for TiddlyWebdiscount - A Python interface for Discount, the C Markdown parsertiddlywebplugins.simplewiki - A simple markdown based wiki in TiddlyWebdjango-markdown-deux - a Django app that provides template tags for using Markdown (using the python-markdown2 processor)pymarkdown_minisite - Parse a list of markdown files to a website with index.html2text - Turn HTML into equivalent Markdown-structured text.markdown2latex - Extensiondjango-autolinks - App for storing links and automatic link extraction from markdown texts.collective.transform.multimarkdown - MultiMarkdown text transform for Plone

pip completion

$ pip completion --bash >> ~/.profile

$ pip completion --zsh >> ~/.zprofile

Links

• http://pypi.python.org/pypi/distribute

• http://guide.python-distribute.org/

• http://pip.openplans.org/

• http://pypi.python.org/pypi/virtualenv

• http://pypi.python.org/pypi/virtualenvwrapper

• http://pypi.python.org/pypi/modern-package-template

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