Post on 26-Mar-2016
description
1
2
f. rz;KfRe;juk;f. rz;KfRe;juk;f. rz;KfRe;juk;f. rz;KfRe;juk;
3
mwnewpaz;zy; mwnewpaz;zy; mwnewpaz;zy; mwnewpaz;zy; fz;l fz;l fz;l fz;l
goKjph;NrhiygoKjph;NrhiygoKjph;NrhiygoKjph;Nrhiy go. neLkhwd; je;ijgo. neLkhwd; je;ijgo. neLkhwd; je;ijgo. neLkhwd; je;ij
Nfhk;igj; jkpo;j; njhz;lh; fof
epWtdH jpU. f. rz;KfRe;juk;>
jpUr;rp r. ,sKUfd; je;ij
‘Njhd;wpd; GfNohL Njhd;Wf m/jpyhh;
Njhd;wypd; Njhd;whik ed;W”
vd;whh; ekJ xg;gw;w jkpo;
kiwahfpa jpUf;Fwis mUspr;
nra;j jpUts;Stg; ngUkhd;.
mJNghd;W fUtpNy jpUTila
ekJ mwnewpaz;zy; cah;jpU.
4
fp. goepag;gdhh; mth;fs;
,g;G+Tyfpy; 1908Mk; Mz;by;
Njhd;wpdhh;fs;. mth;fs; Fws;
top tho;e;J rPUk; rpwg;Gk; ngw;W
tUfpwhh;fs;; vd;gjpy; rpwpJk;
Iakpy;iy. fw;wjdhy;Magad;
,iwtDila ey;y jpUtbfisj;
njhOtNj vd;gij ed;F mwpe;J
tho;f;ifapy; filg;gpbj;J
tUtjhy;> epykpir ePL tho;e;J
tUfpwhh;fs;.
5
mwnewpaz;zy; mth;fspd;
njhz;Lfs; gytw;Ws;Sk;
goKjph;Nrhiykiyf;fpoNthDf;F
mzptpoh elj;jp MWgil
tPLfSf;F Ntytid cyhtur;
nra;jNjhL mofh; Nfhtpypy;
jPh;j;jj; njhl;bf;Fr; nry;Yk;
topapy; kiyNky; goKjph;Nrhiyj;
jpUf;Nfhapiy epiy epWj;jpa
njhz;L Fwpg;gplj;jf;fjhFk;.
mj;njhz;bd; tptuq;fis
,f;fl;Liuapy; vOj Kw;gLfpNwd;.
6
1952Mk; Mz;L Kjy; gy
Mz;Lfs; mwnewpaz;zy;
mth;fSld; Nkykhrp tPjpapYs;s
mth;fSila ,y;yj;jpy;
mth;fSila miwapNyNa
jq;Fk; tha;g;G vdf;Ff; fpl;baJ
MWgil tPLfspy; xd;whd
goKjph Nrhiyapy; KUfd;
Myak xd;W ,y;iyNa vd;w
Vf;fk; mwnewpaz;zyplk; ntF
ehl;fshf ,Ue;J te;jJ. xU ehs;
jhk; fdtpy; xU fhl;rpiaf;
fz;ljhff; $wpdhh;fs;. vq;Nfh
7
,uz;L kiyfSf;F ,ilNa
mlh;e;j fhl;by; ghoile;j
kz;lgk; ,Ue;jjhfTk; mJ
jpBnud;W xU Nfhapyhf
khwpajhfTk; mJ xU KUfd;
Nfhapiyg; Nghy; Njhd;wpajhfTk;
fdT fz;ljhff; $wpdhh;fs;.
mijg; gw;wpNa gy ehl;fs;
rpe;jid nra;J mofh; Nfhtpy;
kiyf;Fr; nrd;W ghh;g;gjw;Fj;
jpl;l kpl;lhh;fs;. mjd;gb xU
ehs; mth;fSila neUq;fpa
ez;gh;fshd rptfhrpapy;
8
njhy;nghUl;fhl;rp elj;jptUk;
jpU. tzq;fhKb fdfa;ah
mth;fSk; kJiu khefuhl;rp
efuikg;G mjpfhhp jpU.
QhNde;jpu Kjypahh; MfpatUld;
mofh; NfhtpYf;F ,uz;L Kiw
nrd;whh;fs;. me;jf; fhyj;jpy;
kiyNky; nry;tjw;F ey;y
tz;bg;ghij fpilahJ. fy;ypYk;
fhl;bYk; Vwp ,wq;fpj; jhd; nry;y
Ntz;Lk;. %d;whk; Kiw nry;Yk;
nghOJ xU jpUg;gj;jpy; nghpa
fhl;L vUiknahd;W vjphpy;
9
epd;wJ. mwnewpaz;zy; mjid
Gifg;glk; vLf;f Kaw;rpj;jhh;fs;.
Mdhy; mJ kdpjh;fs; %tiuf;
fz;lTld; ghijapypUe;J fPNo
,wq;fp fk;gPukhfNt ele;J
nrd;wJ. %tUk; rw;W
mr;rj;Jld; rw;Wg; gpd; jq;fpNa
nrd;wdh;. mjidg; Gifg;glk;
vLf;f Ntz;Lnkd;gNj Nehf;fk;
fPNo ,wq;fpa khL xU Gjhpy;
GFe;J nrd;Wtpl;lJ- gpd;
njhlh;e;Njhh; Vkhw;wKw;W epd;w
nghOJ GjUf;F mg;ghy; xU
10
kz;lgk; ,Ue;jijf; fz;ldh;.
mg;Gjiur; Rw;wp mq;F nrd;W
ghh;j;j NghJ gOjile;J ,be;j
xU gFjp tpOe;Js;s gjpdhW
fhy; kz;lgk; xd;iwf; fz;ldh;.
mk;kz;lgj;jpd; eLtpy; Rkhh; 5
mb cauKs;s ghk;Gg; Gw;W xd;W
,Ue;jijf; fz;ldh;.
mk;kz;lgj;jpd; Kd; ez;gh;fis
epWj;jp Gifg;glk; vLj;Jf;
nfhz;L jpUk;gpdh;. Nfhapy;
gzpahsh;fs; %ykhfTk; kw;Wk;
tptuk; mwpe;jth;fs; %ykhfTk;
11
mk;kz;lgj;ijg; gw;wpa gy nra;jp
mwpe;jdh;. mJ ‘rhk;gy; kz;lgk;”
vd;W Nfhapy; fzf;Ffspy;
,Ug;gjhfTk; 30 Mz;LfSf;F
Nkyhf mJ ,be;j epiyapNyNa
,Ue;J tUtjhfTk; njhpa
te;jJ. kw;WNkhh; ehs; te;J
mk;kz;lgg;gFjpia ed;whf
Muha;e;J ghh;f;f Ntz;Lnkd;W
KbT nra;jdh;. mjd;gb xU
thuk; fope;J mq;Fr; nrd;W
Nfhapypy; gzpahw;wp te;j jpU.
rPdpthr ehAL mth;fisAk;
12
cld; mioj;Jf; nfhz;L
kiyf;Fr; nrd;W
mk;kz;lgj;ijAk; Rw;Wg;
Gwq;fisAk; $h;e;J ghh;j;jdh;.
mth;fs; Kaw;rp mw;Gjkhd
gaidf; nfhLj;jJ.
kz;lgj;jpw;Fg; gpd;Gwk; gj;jb
Jhuj;jpy; miuFiwahfg;
GijAz;l fy; xd;W ,Ue;jJ.
mjid; Gul;bg; ghh;j;jnghOJ
Nty; Nghd;w xU cUtk; mjpy;
nghwpf;fg;gl;bUe;jijf; fz;ldh;.
NkYk; Kd;Gwk; kiyr;rhptpypUe;J
13
xU Cw;W ngUf;nfLj;J tope;J
nfhz;bUe;jJ. mJ mt;tplj;jpy;
,Ug;gij ,jw;F Kd;
ghh;f;ftpy;iy. kpf kfpo;r;rpAw;W
Nty; nghwpj;j fy;iyr; Rj;jk;
nra;J jpU. rPdpthr ehAL
mth;fsplk; xg;Gtpj;J ,U
jpdq;fspy; tUtjhfr; nrhy;yp
te;jdh;. ,e;epfo;r;rpfs;
midj;ijAk; mwnewpaz;zy;
mth;fSld; nrd;w ,Uth; %yk;
njhpe;J nfhz;Nld;. ehd;
gzpahw;Wk; jpahfuh[h;
14
mwf;fl;lis mYtyf Ntiy
kpFjpahy mth;fSld; nry;y
,aytpy;iy.
cld; nry;y ,aytpy;iyNa
vd;W rpwpJ thl;l Kw;wpUe;j
vdf;F mth;fSf;nfy;yhk;
fpilf;fhj xU ngUk; tha;g;Gf;
fpilj;jJ. 12.07.1959 ehsd;W
jhDk; mwnewpaz;zYk;
mjpfhiyapy; vOe;J mofh;
NfhapYf;Fr; nrd;Nwhk;. mq;Fj;
jpU. rPdpthf ehAL mth;fisr;
15
re;jpj;J mthplk; xg;gilj;jpUe;j
Ntiy xU gzpahs; %yk;
kiyf;F vLj;Jr; nrd;Nwhk;. E}Gu
fq;ifapy; ehq;fSk; ePuhbNdhk;.
NtiyAk; ePuhl;bNdhk;.mg;NghJ
fhiy kzp 7. mjdhy; mq;F
NtW Ml;fs; elkhl;lkpy;iy.
ePuhbj; jpUePW mzpe;J tpehafiu
topgl;L KUfidj; Jjpj;J
ifAld; nfhz;L te;jpUe;j
ef;fPuh; ngUkhd; mUspa
jpUKUfhw;Wg;gil Ehiy
16
kyhpl;Lg; G+rpj;Jg; goepag;gdhh;
Ehy; rhh;j;jpg; ghh;j;jhh;fs;.
‘Ntz;Leh; Ntz;bahq;F va;jpdh; topgl‘Ntz;Leh; Ntz;bahq;F va;jpdh; topgl‘Ntz;Leh; Ntz;bahq;F va;jpdh; topgl‘Ntz;Leh; Ntz;bahq;F va;jpdh; topgl
Mz;lhz;L ciwjYk; mwpe;j thNwMz;lhz;L ciwjYk; mwpe;j thNwMz;lhz;L ciwjYk; mwpe;j thNwMz;lhz;L ciwjYk; mwpe;j thNw
Mz;lhz;L MapDk; Mff; fhz;jfMz;lhz;L MapDk; Mff; fhz;jfMz;lhz;L MapDk; Mff; fhz;jfMz;lhz;L MapDk; Mff; fhz;jf
Ke;J eP fz;LopKe;J eP fz;LopKe;J eP fz;LopKe;J eP fz;Lop...............”vd;w mbfs; vd;w mbfs; vd;w mbfs; vd;w mbfs;
te;jd. te;jd. te;jd. te;jd.
,it goKjph;Nrhiyiaf;
Fwpf;Fk;. jpUKUfhw;Wg;gilAs;
tUtd. mjidf; fz;L ,UtUk;
mile;j Mde;jj;jpw;F
17
msNtapy;iy. ‘KUfh! KUfh!
vd;W nka;kwe;J fjwpNdhk;.
Kd; $wpa ,be;j kz;lgj;jpw;F
Kd; mt;Ntiy epWj;jpNdhk;.
mt;NtYf;F Kjd;Kjypy;
mwnewpaz;zyth;fs; ghyhy;
FlKOf;F nra;jhh;fs;. mijj;
njhlh;e;J ehDk; nra;Njd;.
nea;,japh;,Njd; Kjypa
FlKOf;F nra;J ,Wjpahf tpG+jp
18
FlKOf;F nra;J re;jdk; rhj;jp
kyh; khiyfs; mzptpj;J jPg
Jhgk; fhl;b tyk; te;J
goepag;gdhh; #lidf; nfhSj;jp
Muhjid nra;jhh;fs;. me;j
Neuj;jpy; ehq;fs; ,UtUk;
jpLf;fpLk; gbahf %th; vq;fs;
gpd;Gwk; epd;W …mNuh`uh… vd;W
$wp tzq;fp epw;gijf; fz;Nlhk;.
#lidj; njhl;Lf; fz;fspy;
xj;jpf; nfhz;L NtYf;F vjphpy;
itj;jpUe;j jpUePw;iwAk; Nfl;L
thq;fpf; nfhz;ldh;. fztd;,
19
kidtp Rkhh; 7 taJila kfd;
Mfpa mk;%tUk; jiyKb vLj;J
nkhl;ilahff; fhl;rp je;jdh;.
mth;fis ahh; vq;fpUe;J
tUfpwPh;fs; vd;W
mwnewpaz;zy; tpdtpdhh;fs;.
jhq;fs; jpz;Lf;fy;ypw;Fg; gf;fk;
xU fpuhkj;ijr;
Nrh;e;jth;fnsd;Wk;, goepf;Fr;
nrd;W Kb vLj;Jf; nfhz;L
Neuhf ,q;F tUfpNwhk; vd;Wk;
$wpdhh;fs;. NkNy jPh;j;jj;
20
njhl;bapy; Fspf;fr; nry;tjhff;
$wpdh;. mjidf; Nfl;Lg;
goepahz;ltNu Nehpy; te;J
Mrph;tjpj;jjhf vz;zp ,UtUk;
kfpo;e;Njhk; mg;NghJ
mwnewpaz;zy; $wpdhh;fs; ek;
gzp Kbe;jJ. ,dp Mf
Ntz;bajw;F KUfNd
topfhl;Lthd; vd;whh;fs;. gpd;dh;
ele;j epfor;rpfs; mr;nrhw;fis
nka;g;gpj;J tpl;ld.
mwnewpaz;zyth;fspd;
ifuhrp goKjph;Nrhiyj; jpUg;gzp
21
vjph;ghh;j;j fhyj;jpw;F Kd;ghfNt
Kw;Wg; ngw;wJ. jkpoNts; gp.b.
,uhrd; me;ehspy; jkpof Kjd;
ke;jphpahf ,Ue;j gf;jtj;rydhh;
MfpNahh;
mwnewpaz;zyth;fspd;
Kaw;rpapidg; ghuhl;bdhh;fs;.
vr;nraYf;Fk; VjhtJ vjph;g;G
,Ue;jhy; jhd; mr;nray;
ituhf;fpaj;Jld; $ba Kiwtpy;
epiwNtWk; vd;gjw;Fg;
goKjph;Nrhiyj; jpUg;gzp xd;Nw
mj;jhl;rp. mofh;Nfhtpy;
22
ngUkhSf;F vjph;g;ghf ,e;j
KUfd; Nfhtpy; fl;Lk; Kaw;rp vd
xU Gusp fl;btplg;gl;L NkYhh;
ePjpkd;wj;jpy; mwnewpaz;zy;
mofh;Nfhtpy; mg;Nghija
mwq;fhty; FOj;jiytuhf
,Ue;j jpU. g. mUzhr;ry
Kjypahh; Nfhtpy; eph;thf mjpfhhp
Mfpa %th; kPJ tof;F
njhLf;fg;gl;lJ. mwnewpaz;zy;
jkpoNts; gp.b. ,uhrd;
MfpNahhpd; Kaw;rpahy; gioa
ghy; kz;lgk; ,Ue;j ,lj;jpy; xU
23
mofhd Nfhtpy; fl;lg;gl;lJ.
cah;jpU. rptd; Mrhhp vd;gth;
,j;jpUg;gzpia Vw;W kpf
Ntfkhf fl;b Kbj;jhh;. cah;jpU.
vd;.v];. Rg;igahgps;is vd;gth;
,g;NghJ ,Uf;Fk; KUfd; rpiy
KUfd; ifapYs;s Nty;
Kjyhdtw;iwj; jkJ nghUl;
nrytpy; tbj;Jf; nfhLj;jhh;fs;.
Fl KOf;F tpoh kpfr; rpwg;ghf
elj;j Vw;ghL nra;J nfhz;bUe;j
rkaj;jpy; tof;F
njhlh;e;jpUe;jth;fs; Fl KOf;F
24
eilngwhkypUf;fj; jilAj;juT
gpwg;gpf;f ePjpkd;wj;jpd; %yk;
Kaw;;rp nfhz;L ,Ug;gij mwpe;j
cah;jpU. godpag;gdhuth;fs;
Nfs;tpg;gl;Lj; jilAj;juT
iff;Ff; fpilg;gjw;F Kd;
FlKOf;if clNd elj;jptpl
KbTnra;J nrayhw;wj;
njhlq;fpdhh;fs;. ,uTf;fpuNt
FlKOf;Ff;F Ntz;ba vy;yh
rhkhd;fSk; Nrfhpf;fg;gl;ld.
tpehafh; cUtj;ij Gjpjhf
mbg;gJ fpilahjhk;.
25
vq;fpUe;jhtJ vLj;J te;J
itg;gJ jhd; tof;fnkdf;
$wg;gl;ljhy; ,uT Rkhh; 2
kzpf;F njw;F khrp tPjpapy; xU
rpyk;Gf; $lj;jpypUe;j gps;isahh;
cUtk; fpilj;jJ yhhpapy;
Vw;wg;gl;lJ.
jpUg;guq;Fd;wj;jpypUe;J
gl;lh;fs; Nksk; kw;Wk; rhkhd;fs;
KOtJk; Rkhh; 100 egh;fSld;
,utpNyNa goKjph;Nrhiyf;F
nfhz;L nry;yg;gl;ld. kWehs;
26
fhiy nghOJ GyUk; Neuj;jpy;
FlKOf;F tpoh rpwg;ghf
epiwNtwpaJ.
jkpoNts; gp.b. ,uhrdth;fs;
jiyikapy; mwnewpaz;zy
th;fs; goKjph;Nrhiy KUfdpd;
Ntiy kJiu kPdhl;rp
Re;jNuRtuh; NfhtpYf;Ff;
nfhz;L te;J kPdhl;rpak;kd;
rd;dpjpapy; Kjy; ehs; ,uT
itj;jpUe;J kWehl; fhiy gy
gf;jh;fs; cld; tu mt;Ntiy
27
mk;kdpd; ifapypUe;J ngw;W
MWgil tPLfshd
jpUg;guq;Fd;wk;> goep>
jpUr;nre;Jhh;> jpUNtfuk;
Fd;wf;Fb Kjyhd jyq;fSf;F
nfhz;L nrd;W mj;jyq;fspy;
xt;nthU ,uT itj;J rpwg;G
topghLfs; nra;J kPz;Lk;
goKjph;Nrhiy KUfd; ifapy;
Ig;grp fe;jh;rl;bad;W
Nrh;g;gpf;fg;gl;lJ. me;j Ntypd;
cyhtpw;F vy;yh Ch;fspYk;
rpwg;ghf tuNtw;G ,Ue;jJ.
28
fUKj;J jpahfuhrh; jdJ
khspifapy; ,Ue;J
neLQ;rhiyf;F te;J rpwg;G
topghL nra;jhh;fs; vdf;
fiyad;id ,uhjh jpahfuhrd;
jdJ Miy murh; E}ypy;
$Wfpd;whh;fs;.
Mrphpag;ghthyhd 612
mbfis nfhz;l
goKjph;r;Nrhiy Nty; cyh
ftpij Ehy; xd;W
mwnewpaz;zyth;fshy; cly;
29
eyk; Fd;wpapUe;j NghJk; kdeyk;
Fd;whky; gilf;fg;gl;lJ.
gpd;dh; ePjpkd;wj;jpy;
njhLf;fg;gl;l tof;F ePz;l
ehl;fs; ele;jJ. ,Wjpapy; ekJ
mwnewpaz;zy; MfpNahUf;Fr;
rhjfkhf Kbe;jJ. mjd;gb
goKjph;Nrhiy KUfd;
NfhtpypYk; mofh;Nfhtpy;
Njtjhdj;Jld; ,izf;fg;gl;L
,d;W rPUk; rpwg;Gkhf
guhkhpf;fg;gl;L tUfpwJ. ,d;W
Gjpa tz;bg; ghijNa
30
goKjph;Nrhiy KUfd;
Nfhtpiynahl;b EhGu fq;if
(jPh;j;jj; njhl;b) tiu Nghlg;gl;L
nghJ kf;fs; mt;topiag;
gad;gLj;jpf; nfhz;L
tUfpwhh;fs;. mt;topapy;
thfdq;fSk; nry;fpd;wd.
jPh;j;jj; njhl;bapy; vg;nghOJk;
jz;zPh; tpOe;J nfhz;Nl
,Uf;fpwJ. mjw;F ePh; vq;fpUe;J
tUfpwJ vd ahUf;Fk; njhpahJ.
fLk; NfhilapYk; ePh; tuj;Jf;
Fiwtjpy;iy. rpyg;gjpfhuj;jpy;
31
Fwpg;gplg;gl;Ls;s rpyk;ghW
,Jjhd; vdf; $Wfpwhh;fs;.
kJiuapy; Mz;L NjhWk;
rpj;jpiuj; jpUtpohtpd; NghJ
Mw;wpy; ,wq;Fk; cw;rt %h;j;jp
mofh; ‘rpiy” mguQ;rp vd;w
xUtpjg; nghd;dhy; nra;ag;gl;lJ.
cyfpNyNa ,Nj Nghd;w
cNyhfj;jhy; nra;ag;gl;l rpiy>
,d;Dk; xd;Nw xd;W
jpUtde;jGuj;jpy; jhd;
,Uf;fpwJ. mofh; rpiyia mofh;
kiyapy; cs;s NkNy
32
Fwpg;gplg;gl;l “E}Gufq;if”
(rpyk;ghW) jz;zPiuf; nfhz;L
jhd; ePuhl;Lfpwhh;fs;. NtW
jz;zPiuf; nfhz;L FlKOf;F
nra;tjhy; rpiy fWg;ghf khwp
tpLfpwjhk; fhuzk; me;j
cNyhfk; mg;gb Qhapw;Wf;
fpoikfspYk; kw;WKs;s rpwg;ghd
ehl;fspYk; Vuhskhd gf;jh;fs;
E}Gufq;ifapy; ed;dPuhb>
goKjph;Nrhiy KUfidAk;
topghL nra;J mofiuAk;
jhprpj;J tpl;L Ch;
33
jpUk;Gfpwhh;fs;. ,yf;fpaj;jpYk;
Guhzq;fspYk; ngaustpy;
fhzg;gl;l goKjph;Nrhiyiag;
GJg;gpj;j ngUik ekJ
mwnewpaz;zy;> irt rka
Nrthkzp cah;jpU. fp.
goepag;gdhiuNa rhUk;. mth;fs;
,d;Dk; gy;yhz;L tho;e;J>
Mapuk; gpiw fz;lth; vd;w
ngUikAk; ngw;W E}w;whz;L
tpohf; nfhz;lhlTk;> cly; cWjp>
kd typT ngw;W ePLtho vy;yhk;
ty;y ,iwtid tho;j;jp tzq;fp
34
,f;fl;Liuapid epiwT
nra;fpd;Nwd;. tho;f
mwnewpaz;zy; tho;f tho;f
‘<jy; ,irgl tho;jy; mJty;yJ
Cjpak; ,y;iy caph;f;F”
Fws; 231
jq;fsJ tUiff;F ed;wp !!!
ghyh nrhh;zehjd;
jl;\pdp Kj;Jnry;tk;
35
mdpe;jpjh> fhe;jhkzp Kj;Jnry;tk;>
fky;> tpky;> `hpgpurhj;> n[anyl;Rkp>
n[a;`hp Re;jh;> NfhFy <];th;>
cyfehafp (v) jPg;jp> yjh => At=>
Nyhfehjd; rpd;ikah> G+gjp> fhaj;hp>
Mo;thh;> khhpKj;J> th;j;jpdp> brpah>
rr;rpd;> Kj;Jf;Fkud;> `hpzpgj;kh>
gphpah> md;dG+uzp> godpr;rhkp>
mNrhf;Fkhh;> uhk%h;j;jp> rhe;jp>
,uhftd;> jpNd\;> Re;jhp> khlrhkp>
RNu\;> gftjp> fNzrd;> rutzd;>
Mde;jp> gpukehafk;> Kj;Jnyl;Rkp>
P.V. kPdh> uh[;> ghyRg;gpukzpak;>
fpU\;zk;khs;> godpag;gd;> kPdh>
rUgh. M. fpU\;zh> RrPyh>
36
M. Kj;Jf;fz;zd;> mUzhNjtp>
fz;zd; yjh> mKjh nrhf;fypq;fk;>
rptrq;fud;> fz;zk;kh>
,uhjhfpU\zd;> Uf;kzp>
rz;KfRe;juk;> jdnyl;Rkp> Nfhkjp
ehafk;> Nfhkjp> MWKfNtY> gtpj;uh>
rpd;ikah>=uq;fkjp> cyfehafp> J.A.
ngUkhs;