From Crisis to Resilient Mapping by the Volunteered Citizens

through OpenStreetMap: The Case of Japanese Hazards

Toshikazu Seto (@tosseto) *

Taichi Furuhashi (@mapconcierge)

Yuichiro Nishimura (@nissyyu)

*: Center for Spatial Information Science at University of Tokyo

Project Assistant Professor (PhD)

Utilizing Citizen Science for Supporting Geospatial Applications @ AAG2015-Chicago 2015.04.22

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Background

• The Great East Japan Earthquake on March 11th, 2011 has brought catastrophic damage in the huge area of Japan.

• On the other hand, Japanese IT volunteers were actively share the information of crisis response using GIS (Nishimura & Seto, 2012)

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Sinsai.info (Ushahidi platform)

Radiation Mapping (cf. safecast)

Purpose

• The resilient mapping agnostic narrow sense of crisis mapping against the background of the natural disasters that frequently is performed became.

• In addition, the mapping for the purpose of disaster mitigation is not only compatible to a variety of natural disasters has become so much in recent years.

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• This presentation aim to compare in the Japanese before/after crisis mapping efforts for qualitative-quantitative approach that have been made in recent years using OSM data and platform.

Example: Open Cities Project: Resilient cityby Open Data and Participatory Local Citizens

Approach and Case Studies

• Qualitative Approach:Typical example is the mapping party for "Reconstruction" centered in the Ishinomakicity needs to create digital and paper based maps.

• Quantitative Approach:Other examples, in the Izu Island (2013) and Hiroshima (2014) mapping by crowdsourcing-based from disaster earlier is performed, and led to crisis mapping during typhoon disaster.

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Case Study 1:Ishinomaki City

Offline Mapping Party

Why is a reconstruction map needed ?

• Response to local “Up-to-date” information

• Official guide is so lately for regional restoration processes.

• The possibility of collaboration by volunteers and residents

Source: http://kamaishi-town.com/

Great East Japan Earthquake after one month

After the Mapping Party

Collected POI of the tourism attractiveness in Ishinomaki

Artwork:Shotaro Ishinomori’s Manga character statues

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Case Study 2:Izu Island Town & Hiroshima

CityCrowdsourcing and Communication during/after disaster

15Source: http://on.fb.me/1e0z9HN

Izu Island Crisis Mapping:Oct. 16th, 2013 Typhoon 26th

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Hiroshima Landslide Crisis Mapping:Aug. 20th 2014

Using OSM Tasking Manager

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14831.0' 8116.7' 2298.7' 33626.4' 2705.4' 362140.6'

338.9%

486.8%

1152.4%

450.2%640.2%

3200.3%

0%

5000%

10000%

15000%

20000%

25000%

30000%

35000%

40000%

45000%

50000%

0%

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1000%

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3500%

Pre/period% Crisis%Response%(1month)%

A>er%1%month% Pre/period% Crisis%Response%(1month)%

A>er%1%month%

Oshima% Hiroshima%

( ) OSM_'Average'of'Data'Crea> on'

area%

way%

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Key

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Next Step for theResilient Communities

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Source: http://weekly.ascii.jp/elem/000/000/245/245520/index-2.html

Disaster Evacuation COaching Event

• This disaster prevention training, the target to increase the interest in disaster prevention, and thought himself in the event of a disaster, that makes wearing a force that can practice self-help, mutual assistance.

• Disaster Imagination Game (DIG) / Field work using OSM and tablet devices.

Conclusion and Future Works

• Our research reveals that people’s disaster-response-related activities using OSM allow them to share the region’s latest situation that changes day by day on OSM.

• Not only that, but our investigation also suggests that the activities of mapping in which the local residents get involved may develop to new forms of community rebuilding.

• We also learned from our investigation is that OSM mapping is rather difficult for beginners to master. To keep their activities going, therefore, we need to develop e-learning materials and paper maps in good time.

• In the future, and at the same time to promote the activities to collect the OSM data in the field, specific initiatives such as application development towards open data utilization (cf. Hackathon) becomes a challenge.

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Questions and Comments ?

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This research was suppported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Numbers 25870907, 25244042.

tosseto@csis.u-tokyo.ac.jp @tosseto