Post on 21-Apr-2017
OBTURATION
1. The main objective of obturation is (PGI-98)
a. Fill the canal and prevent apical percolation of
fluids
b. Fill the canal and prevent discolouration of
teeth
c. Fill the canal to give support to restoration
d. All of the above
2. Which of the following can be used as root
canal filling materials? (PGI-95)
a. Cements and plastic materials
b. G.P. Points
c. Silver points
d. All of the above
3. Most commonly followed obturation
technique
a. Lateral condensation
b. Vertical condensation
c. Thermoplastic injection technique
d. Carrier based GP
4. Mc Spadden compactor for thermo
mechanical compaction has flutes similar to
a. Reverse of H-file
b. H-file
c. K-file
d. K-flex file
5. Mc Spadden compactor is of _________
shape (AIIMS-97)
a. Reverse blade of K-file
b. Reverse blade of H-file
c. Endosonic instrument
d. None of the above
6. ‘Hermetic seal’ literally denotes
a. Fluid-impervious seal
b. Bacteria impervious seal
c. Blood-impervious seal
d. Air-impervious seal
The achievement of a “hermetic seal” is often cited
as a major goal of root canal treatment. According
to accepted dictionary definitions, the word
hermetic means sealed against the escape or entry
of air—or made airtight by fusion or sealing.
However, root canal seals are commonly evaluated
for fluid leakage—a parameter used to praise or
condemn obturation materials and techniques.
This occurs both apically and coronally. Somehow
the term hermetic has crept into endodontic
nomenclature in a manner probably quite similar
to the invention of an airtight seal. A god of
wisdom, learning and magic in ancient Egypt,
Thoth, better known as Hermes Trismegistus
(Hermes thrice greatest), is credited with this
invention.
His significant contribution to civilization allowed
the preservation of oils, spices, aromatics,
grains and other necessities in previously
porous, earthenware vessels. A simple wax seal
of the vessel walls helped to create the
“hermetic seal.” Endodontically speaking, the
term hermetic is inappropriate; instead, terms
such as fluidtight, fluid-impervious, or
bacteria-tight seals are more
contemporary.
7. Warm vertical compaction was
introduced by
a. Kuttler
b. Schilder
c. Vertucci
d. Pineda
8. Vertical compaction of warm gutta-percha
technique, was given by? (AP-2011)
a. Grossman
b. Ingle
c. Schilder
d. Cohen
9. The best time for giving permanent restoration
after obturation is
a. 1 week after obturation
b. 1 month after obturation
c. 3 months after obturation
d. Immediately after obturation in the same
appointment
10. About gutta-percha all are true, except
(AIIMS-05)
a. It contains 60-70% gutta-percha and 20%
ZnO
b. Can be sterilized by heating
c. With time they become brittle
d. It has two forms alpha and beta
11. The largest component of gutta percha
cones is (UPSC-01, TNPSC-99)
a. Gutta percha
b. Zinc oxide
c. Resins and waxes
d. Colouring agents
12. Gutta percha can be effectively sterilized
by (AIIMS-07)
a. Hot salt sterilizer
b. Autoclaving
c. Chemical solutions
d. Dry heat
13.The most practical method to disinfect
GP is with
a. NaOCl
b. H2O2
c Hot air oven
d. Glutaraldehyde
This can be done in 1 minute if the cone is
submerged in a 5% solution of Naocl.
After this the GP should be rinsed in ethyl
alcohol to remove crystallized Naocl
before obturation, such crystals impair
the obturation seal.
14. Rejuvenation of aged gutta-percha is done by
a. Immersion in hot water of 550C
b. Immersion in hot water of 550F
c. Immersion in hot water of 550C, followed by
instant cooling in cold water
d. Immersion in hot water of 550F, followed by
instant cooling in cold water
Gutta-percha becomes brittle with age, a process
hastened with warmth and delayed when
refrigerated. Sorin and Oliet described this aging
process and introduced a technique to rejuvenate
the aged brittle gutta-percha by momentary
immersion in hot tap water of 550C, followed by
instant cooling in cold tap water.
15. The advantage of silver point as obturating material is
that it (KCET-2011)
a. Can be used in fine tortuous canals
b. Is easier to retrieve if retreatment becomes necessary
c. Gives a perfect seal at the apical l/3rd of the root canal
d. Provides better adaptation to canal walls compared to
Guttapercha
16. Which one of the following is not a popular
method of root canal obturation (TNPSC
2006)
a Lateral condensation
b. Silver point technique
c. Vertical condensation
d. Thermo-plasticized core filler technique
With the introduction of rigid silver cones it became
possible to easily place them to length. This
resulted in clinicians often failing to properly
clean and shape the canal before obturation.
Treatment failures were the result of leakage and
failure to remove the irritants from the root canal
system. When silver points contact tissue fluids or
saliva, they corrode.
The corrosion products have been found to
be cytotoxic and produced pathosis or
impeded periapical healing.The use of
silver cones today is considered to be
below the standard of care in
contemporary endodontic practice.
17. Which of the following Is Incorrect
regarding the use of silver points for root
canal obturation (AIIMS-2K, 01)
a. Silver corrodes in tissue fluids
b. A post cannot be used if a silver point is
cemented in root canal
c. The use of step back method of root canal
preparation in a circular configuration is
difficult to achieve in the apical segment
with silver point
d. It will not seal the middle and cervical
parts
Split Cone Technique
A variation of the silver cone technique was
employed where a post was needed to support
a coronal restoration. This variation had been
presented under many names, but it was
usually recognized as the split cone technique.
The silver cone was fitted carefully.
Before cementation, however, the cone was scored
deeply with a disk or bur at some distance from
its apical end. Cementation proceeded, but after
the cone had been seated well, its coronal end was
rotated repeatedly along its long axis. While
rotating, firm apical pressure was applied
through the pliers to prevent unseating at the root
apex.
As the rotary motion continued, the cone
would be severed at the score line and all
but the apical portion was removed. The
middle and coronal parts of the canal
were available for a post.
18. Which of the following best describes the resistance form in
endodontic root canal preparation? (AIIMS-06)
a. The establishment of apical tug back resistance to prevent the
apical root fracture during obturation
b. The cavity form which is obtained for application of condenser in
vertical compaction
c. The cavity form which is obtained for application of condenser in
lateral compaction
d. Cavity form which is designed to obtain for entry of condenser
during obturation
19. Lentulo spirals are endodontic
instruments used for (TNPSC 2006)
a. Exploration
b. Debridement
c. Cleaning and shaping
d. Obturation
20. The primary gutta-percha cone must fill the
canal wall tightly in the: (COMED-05, AP-05)
a. Apical third
b. Middle third
c. Cervical third
d. Entire canal
21. The technique of obturation for open
apex
a. Warm vertical condensation
b. Thermoplastisized injection technique
c. Lateral condensation
d. Roll cone technique
22. J. S. Quickfill is (COMDEK-08)
a. The original engine driven McSpadden's
compactor with guttapercha already coated
b. Like thermafill another obturator
c. No different than original Mcspadden's
compactor
d. Chemically softened gutta-percha
J.S. Quick-Fill system consists of titanium core
devices that come in ISO sizes 15 to 60, resemble
latch-type endodontic drills, coated with alpha-
phase gutta-percha. These devices are fitted to
the prepared root canal and then, following the
sealer placement, are spun in the canal with a
regular low-speed, latch-type handpiece.
Frictional heat plasticize the gutta-percha and it is
compacted to place by the design of the Quick-Fill
core. After compaction, there are two choices:
either the compactor may be removed while it is
spinning and final compaction completed with a
hand plugger or the titanium solid core may be
left in place and separated in the coronal cavity
with an inverted cone bur.
23. In Endodontics Endotec is used (COMEDK-
08)
a. With lateral condensation and heated gutta
percha
b. With cold lateral compaction
c. With vertical compaction
d. With Chlorapercha Technique
Considering the ease and speed of lateral
compaction as well as the superior density gained
by vertical compaction of warm gutta-percha,
Martin developed a device that appears to
achieve the best qualities of both techniques called
Endotec II. The device is a battery powered, heat-
controlled spreader/plugger that ensures complete
thermo-softening of any type of gutta-percha.
It is claimed that the “Endotec combines the best of the
two most popular obturation techniques:
warm/vertical and the relative simplicity of lateral
compaction”. Canal cleaning and shaping for this
technique is a continuous taper design with a definite
apical stop. The warm lateral compaction technique
involves adapting a master cone in the same manner
as with traditional lateral compaction.
An appropriate-size Endotec II tip is selected. Endotec
II tips are available in various taper and tip
diameters. The sizes consist of #.02/20 ,30 and #.02/40.
The device is activated and the tip is inserted beside
the master cone to within 2 to 4 mm of the apex, using
light pressure. The tip is rotated for 5 to 8 seconds
and removed. An unheated spreader can be placed in
the channel created to ensure
adaptation and then an accessory cone is
placed. The process is continued until the
canal is filled.
24. High heat obturation technique refers to
(KAR-02)
a. Thermofill technique
b. Ultrafil technique
c. Sectional filling
d. Obtura II technique
25. Thermafil is (COMEDK-08)
a. An endodontic obturator
b. An enlarging instrument
c. An instrument to remove pulp
d. Is a cold gutta percha technique
26. Wiggly appearance of master cone in the
apical third of IOPA is due to (AIPG-07)
a. Extrusion of sealents.
b. Master cone not reaching the apical third due
to any obstruction.
c. Smaller sized master cone.
d. Inadequate coating of sealent.
If the cone goes to length and
radiographically exhibits a wiggly or S-
shaped appearance, the cone is too small
for the canal and a larger cone must be
selected.
27. When is an application of heated Injected gutta
percha potentially beneficial (COMDEK-08)
a. When there is an open apex
b. When there are aberrations or irregularities of the
canal
c. When the clinician cannot master lateral condensation
d. When the canals are curved and small after
preparation
28. Best material for obturating a root canal
of a tooth is (PGI-2K)
a. Thermoplastic GP
b. Silver cone
c. Resobable paste
d. GP with sealer
29. G.P. is plasticized (softened) by (AP-01)
a. Alcohol
b. Choroform
c. Eugenol
d. EDTA
30. Bismuth compounds are incorporated in root
canal filling materials because they are:
(AIPG-89)
a. Radio-opaque
b. Germicidal
c. Radiolucent
d. Adhesive
31. Gutta-percha is radio-opaque due to
presence of: (AIPG-99)
a. Zinc oxide eugenol
b. Barium sulphate
c. Potassium sulphate
d. Barium oxide
Heavy metal sulphates are added as radio-
opacifier to GP.
32. Main cause of failure of endodontic
therapy: (PGI-98, 02 ; AP-04)
a. Improper biomechanical preparation
b. Improper access cavity preparation
c. Incomplete obturation
d. Over extended filing
33. An apical radiolucent are present in central
incisor after 4 months of RCT is due to: (AIIMS-
97)
a. Inadequate obturation & leakage from main canal
b. Leakage from accessory canal
c. Leakage from gingival crevice
d. Leakage from access opening
34. The purpose of a root canal sealer is to
(AIPG 99, PGI 99)
a. Seal the tubules of the dentin
b. Stimulate healing in periapical region
c. Prevent discolouration
d. Fill the space between the solid core material
and the pulp canal walls
Root canal sealers are necessary to seal the
space between the dentinal wall and the
obturating core interface.
35. Endo sealer containing polyketone is
(AP-2K, 03)
a. Diaket
b. Cavit
c. Ah 26
d. Hydron
36. Which is not a eugenol sealer? (AIPG-
07)
a. Grossman sealer
b. AH-26
c. Tubli seal
d. Wach's paste
Kerr Pulp Canal Sealer, Pulp Canal Sealer EWT
(Extended Working Time), Procosol, Roth’s
Sealer, Tubliseal, Wach’s Cement are various
Zinc-oxide eugenol sealers. Nogenol was
developed to overcome the irritating quality of
eugenol. The product is an outgrowth of a non-
eugenol periodontal pack. AH-26 is a epoxy resin
based root canal sealer.
37. Which of the following is urethane
dimethacrylate (UDMA) resin based
endosealer? (AIIMS-09)
a. Endorez
b. Real seal
c. Raeko sealer
d. Tubli seal
38. All are true for root canal sealer except: (AIPG-07)
a. Excessive use of sealer tends to extrusion in periapical
areas
b. Sealer mediates immune reaction in periapical region
c. Loss of sealer causes porosity between root filter and
tooth surfaces
d. Sealer occupies the space between root filler and tooth
surfaces
39. After root canal filling the apical
foramen is closed by: (AIPG-07)
a. Dentin deposition
b. Cementum deposition
c. Never closed
d. Root canal material
40. The crown of an RC treated tooth is fractured
near the gingival margin. The coronal end of the
silver cone used in filling that canal is visible at that
level. Treatment is: (AIPG-02)
a. To prepare post space alongside the silver cone
using burs and Peso reamers
b. To grind away the coronal part of silver cone using
round burs or end cutting burs
c. To remove the silver cone and re-treat the
canal using a gutta-percha; and then to
create the needed post space
d. To remove the silver cone, notch it, coat it
with a freshly mixed sealer replace it in the
canal and twist off the coronal segment