Post on 09-Jul-2016
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Solid State Physics
FISIKA ZAT PADAT
PERTEMUAN KE-2
Anif Jamaluddin1
1Prodi P.Fisika, PMIPA, FKIP, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta
Solid State Physics
• Review• Index Miller• Jarak Bidang Kristal• Kerapatan Kristal• Cacat Kristal• Next Chapter
Outline
Solid State Physics
(c) 2003 Brooks/Cole Publishing / Thomson Learning™
Review
• Struktur Kristal• System Kristal• Simetri Kristal• Struktur Kristal pada tabel periodik
Solid State Physics
Index Miller
Solid State Physics
Index MillerDirection
• [hkl] represents a direction • <hkl> represents a family of directions • (hkl) represents a plane • {hkl} represents a family of planes
Solid State Physics
5a + 3b
a
b
Miller indices → [53]
(0,0)
(4,3)
Solid State Physics
3D Arah
[010]
[100]
[001]
[110]
[101]
[011]
[110]
Solid State Physics
Find intercepts along axes → 1 Take reciprocal → 1/1 1/ 1/ Convert to smallest integers in the same ratio → 1 0 0 Enclose in parenthesis → (1 0 0)
Bidang Kristal
Solid State Physics
Bidang Kristal
Solid State Physics
Bidang Kristal
Intercepts → 1 Plane → (100)Family → {100} → 3
Intercepts → 1 1 Plane → (110)Family → {110} → 6
Intercepts → 1 1 1Plane → (111)Family → {111} → 8(Octahedral plane)
Solid State Physics
Kerapatan SC
close-packed directions
a
R=0.5a
contains 8 x 1/8 = 1 atom/unit cell
Solid State Physics
KerapatanAtomic Packing Factor (APF)
APF = Volume of atoms in unit cell*
Volume of unit cell*assume hard spheres
APF =
a 3
unit cell
volume
4
3p (0.5a) 31
atoms
unit cellatom
volume
close-packed directions
a
R=0.5a
contains 8 x 1/8 = 1 atom/unit cell
• APF for a simple cubic structure = 0.52
Solid State Physics
• Coordination # = 8
ex: Cr, W, Fe (), Tantalum, Molybdenum
Kerapatan BCC
Solid State Physics
Kerapatan
a
APF =
4
3p ( 3 a/4 ) 32
atoms
unit cell atom
volume
a 3
unit cell
volume
length = 4R =
Close-packed directions:
3 a
• APF for a body-centered cubic structure = 0.68
aR
a 2
a 3
Solid State Physics
• Coordination # = 12
ex: Al, Cu, Au, Pb, Ni, Pt, Ag
4 atoms/unit cell: 6 face x 1/2 + 8 corners x 1/8
Solid State Physics
Solid State Physics
a
2 a
• APF for a face-centered cubic structure = 0.74Atomic Packing Factor: FCC
maximum achievable APF
APF =
4
3p ( 2 a/4 ) 34
atoms
unit cell atom
volume
a 3
unit cell
volume
Close-packed directions:
length = 4R = 2 a
Unit cell contains: 6 x 1/2 + 8 x 1/8
= 4 atoms/unit cell
Solid State Physics
•Latihan penentuan APF•Cacat Kristal
Next Chapter