Post on 30-Dec-2015
description
( Regulation and control of gene expression )
( gene expression)
(constitutive gene expression)
(housekeeping gene)
Beta -actin3- GAPDHTATA Box TBP18s 18s rRNA -Tubulin
(induction expression) (repression expression)
(coordinance expression)
()
( ) RNA ( )
(central dogma)
1.RNARNARNA2.
(polycistron) operon
(monocistron) DNA
3.DNA mRNA 4.mRNA----SD
SD Shine-Dalgarno AUG413consensus sequenceAGGAGG30S16S rRNA 3
5.RNA (1) (2)
() () ()
() 1.RNA (1) RNA DNA RNA :RNA 522DNARNA
a.NC DNADNAb. NCDNA c.
2RNA RNA RNA
4:+1 90% 10-10TATAAT35-35TTGACA3510RNA
RNA
2. lactose operon,lac
(lac operon)DNA
-10 +1 +10 +20 +30 . . . . .5ATGTTGTGTGGAATTGTGAGCGGATAACAATTTCACACAGGAA 33TACAACACACCTTAACACTCGCCTATTGTTAAAGTGTGTCCTT 5 lac+11GC lac,DNA
-7+28RNA-35+20RNADNA
3. BADI1I2O1O2araCAraC
AraCO1O2I1DNAI2BADaraC
AraC,Ara CI1I2AraCBADaraC mRNAO1-O2
4 lac
cAMPcAMP cAMPcAMP: CAP(catabolite gene activator proteinCAP) CAPcAMP cAMP-CAP
cAMPcAMP
cAMP cAMP
CAPCAP
A.B.::a.b.
Trp Trp mRNA OPtrpR RNA RNA 26700140
1011trp 14aa: 1 : 1/2>2/3>3/4
mRNA 14AUG131011
UUUU 3 mRNA1. RNA
mRNA RNA 2. Trp 34
UGARNA 1TrpRNA
() :RNA
1.RNA RNA mRNARNARNA200RNAmRNARNAmicRNA
RNAmRNA 5SDmRNA 5AUGmRNA mRNAmRNAmRNA
RNATn10
RNA (RNA interference, RNAi) mRNARNA RNA RNA (double-stranded RNA, dsRNA)mRNA()post-transcriptional gene silencing,PTGS) RNAi.
2. RNA mRNAmRNA E.colimRNA372min
3. 50 rRNA mRNA 50
DNA
1 DNA 2
3 DNA mRNA
4 RNAheterogeneous nuclear RNA ,hnRNA(m7GpppN)PolyAmRNA
5 mRNA 6
DNA 1.
2.gene amplification
3.gene rearrangement
IgG
4. DNACpG5mC DNA
5. DNADNA
RNARNA polymerase, RNA pol
1 . (cis-acting element) RNADNA
1(promoter) (+1)5100200 bp DNA720 bpRNA
(core promoter)( upstream promoter element, UPE)
(2) (enhancer) DNA
(3) :silencer dehancer DNA,
DNA5po1yAGTSV40AGGTTTTTT
2.(trans-acting factor) 812bp DNA(sequence specific DNA binding proteinSDBP)DNA
TATA box TFDGC boxSP1
TFATFA9DNADNARNA
TATATATA
RNATATATATA-DNA
RNADNAopen complex,RNA
1 DNA
1)DNA zinc finger twistclusterCys2Cys2Cys2His2
A Cys2His2 (His)
B Cys2Cys2
homeodomainHD DNADNA
DNA
basic 1eucine zipperbLZ C30-6- DNA
bLZDNA
--helix-loop-helixHLH: -34
a:b - ab
2)transcriptional activation domain DNADNA30100
-acidic-helix domain TATAglutamine-rich domain proline-rich domain
3.()
:
2 1)looping2)(twisting)3(sliding)4Oozing
3
()1. 53 5:mRNA57 (m7GPPPmNp-) :mRNA5mRNAmRNAmRNA
3:mRNA350150poly(A):mRNA
2. mRNA(alternative splicing) 1mRNA mRNAmRNA,
,53mRNA 2mRNA
mRNA
:mRNA mRNA
1.(1)(2)(3)5AUG(4)5
(1)
(2)
2.mRNA 3.RNA
() (posttranslational control)1.2.3.