Post on 06-Jan-2016
description
전자의료시스템 및 실습
디지털 시스템의 기초
구 환
경희대학교 전자정보대학 동서의료공학과
Contents
• Basic concepts for understanding - Flip-flops - Registers - Bus - Transfer - Shifter - Accumulator - Multiplier - ALU(Arithmetic Logic Unit) - Pipeline
2007 Summer Seminar
Impedance Imaging Research Center, Kyung Hee University, Suwon, South Korea
Flip-flops
2007 Summer Seminar
Impedance Imaging Research Center, Kyung Hee University, Suwon, South Korea
• Descriptions - The storage elements employed in clocked sequential
circuits - a binary cell capable of storing one bit of information - maintains a binary state until directed by a clock pulse to
switch states• Types - SR Flip-Flop - D Flip-Flop - JK Flip-Flop - T Flip-Flop - Edge-Triggered Flip-Flops
Flip-flops
2007 Summer Seminar
Impedance Imaging Research Center, Kyung Hee University, Suwon, South Korea
• Examples
Registers
• Descriptions - A group of flip-flops with each flip-flop capable of storing one
bit of information - may have combinational gates that perform certain data-
processing tasks - Broadest definition: a group of flip-flops and gates that
effect their transition
2007 Summer Seminar
Impedance Imaging Research Center, Kyung Hee University, Suwon, South Korea
Registers
• Example
2007 Summer Seminar
Impedance Imaging Research Center, Kyung Hee University, Suwon, South Korea
Bus
• Descriptions - consists of a set of common lines, one for each bit of a
register, through which binary information is transferred one at a time
- One way of constructing a common bus system is with multiplexers
2007 Summer Seminar
Impedance Imaging Research Center, Kyung Hee University, Suwon, South Korea
Bus
• Example
2007 Summer Seminar
Impedance Imaging Research Center, Kyung Hee University, Suwon, South Korea
Transfer
• Example
2007 Summer Seminar
Impedance Imaging Research Center, Kyung Hee University, Suwon, South Korea
Shifter
2007 Summer Seminar
Impedance Imaging Research Center, Kyung Hee University, Suwon, South Korea
• Descriptions - used for serial transfer of data - used in conjunction wit arithmetic, logic, and other data-
processing operations - can be shifted to the left or the right
Shifter
2007 Summer Seminar
Impedance Imaging Research Center, Kyung Hee University, Suwon, South Korea
• Examples
Accumulator
• Example
2007 Summer Seminar
Impedance Imaging Research Center, Kyung Hee University, Suwon, South Korea
Multiplier
• Example
2007 Summer Seminar
Impedance Imaging Research Center, Kyung Hee University, Suwon, South Korea
ALU(Arithmetic Logic Unit)
2007 Summer Seminar
Impedance Imaging Research Center, Kyung Hee University, Suwon, South Korea
• Descriptions - Instead of having individual registers performing the
microoperations directly, computer systems employ a number of storage registers connected to a common operational unit called an arithmetic logic unit(ALU)
- consists of combinational logics - arithmetic circuit + logic circuit
ALU(Arithmetic Logic Unit)
• Example
2007 Summer Seminar
Impedance Imaging Research Center, Kyung Hee University, Suwon, South Korea
Pipeline
• Descriptions - a technique of decomposing a sequential process into
suboperations, with each subprocess being executed in a speacial dedicated segment that operates concurrently with all other segments
- can be visualized as a collection of processing segments through which binary information flows
- implies a flow of information analogous to an industrial assembly line.
- characteristic of pipelines that several computations can be in progress in distinct segments at the same time
2007 Summer Seminar
Impedance Imaging Research Center, Kyung Hee University, Suwon, South Korea
Pipeline
• Example
2007 Summer Seminar
Impedance Imaging Research Center, Kyung Hee University, Suwon, South Korea
Cycle
100 101 102 103 104 105 106
Add F1 D1 R1 E1
Sub F2 D2 R2 E2
Mpy F3 D3 R3 E3
Store F4 D4 R4 E4Fully loaded
pipeline(normal
operation)